TTTE SUNDAY OTtTCOONTAX, POItTLATTO. NOVEMBER 8. 1914.
use of specially made earthenware with
lon, narrow necks.
Grains Soaked First.
The method used In Europe In pro
ducing a perfectly finished article, after
numerous experiments, is narrowed
LLAH IN PORTLAND
down to the following: The grains are
previously soaked in warm water until
they expand. They are then treated
consecutively in five or six portions of
fresh milk, about two or three hours
In every change, until they become
ready for use. The grains thus treated
are mixed with milk at the rate of one
tablespoonful of the grains to two
glasses of milk (boiled preferred). The
vessel, either glass or enameled. Is left
in a dark place slightly stoppered at a
temperature of about 50 degrees and
frequently shaken. After from eight to
12 hours the mixture is strained
through sterilized gauze into a clean
vessel which is well stoppered and
nr.. Long Regarded as
Id-Given Food That Staved
if, Hunger. Made Here.
ISIAN BRINGS SECRET
Way!
Way!
Stock
r
r
$25,000 Salvage
n Popick, Arriving With Four
j"6unds of Grains, Starts Manu
facture Dr. Tilzer Tells of Re
medial Fermented Product.
1
m PBiin ieii ii
SI I . II II II II r .... .. . . I II II .... I .1 II ml H II II I I , II .11. II I . 'III.' WL-.
X jt""'""" simaamjaaaMia
;!"'' ,., . ... - . .-iuSfti. v , -iv-'
There is said to be a legend in the
ountains of the Caucasus to the ef
ct that when the most high Allah
nversed in person with a few chosen
id faithful Moslems, he sent to the
ghteous people of their faith, as a
ken of his affection, a food that would
ep them from hunger forever.
There are other legends accounting
r the origin of "kefir," a certain
nd of fermented milk, and medical
rin -va valnna thanrbta T n T ITS
iilgln. the most commonly accepted be
VC that of Dr. Tichomiroff, of Moscow,
rio says mat Kenr, speaKing 01.
bacterium responsible for the par-
kular kind of milk fermentation, I
modified hay bacterium, which
und its way into the particles of
seine which adhered to the folds of
i native milk-skins, or hide bags
?vhich the milk was kept and car
ted.
Secret Kept Long.
It was found that the grains con-
inlng the bacteria could be put in
;iy milk, with a particular fermenta-
3n resulting.- The people of the
lucasus, it is said, guarded the se-
et for centuries, believing that, as
was a special gift to them from
lah. it would lose its power if it
11 into the hands of unbelievers.
The use of Kefir is well known to
o medical profession of Russia, but
Just bqslnning to become known in
nerica. So far as is known to its
rtland manufacturer, Aaron Popick,
203 Grant street, he is the first to
roduce it in this country.
jUr. Popick came to Portland in Sep
tember, 1913. He had sold his Interest
a family "Kefir" factory in Russia.
rk enthusiast on the subject of "Kefir,"
made inquiries and discovered that
ither the public nor the medical
bfession had any definite knowledge
the preparation so popular in Eu-
pe.
Enlightening Pamphlet Issued.
The only way In which Mr. Popick
explain the lack of knowledge
efir" in America was that there
an almost total lack of literature
'the subject. He had several au-
tative works, and from them he
nplled a treatise on "Kefir." which.
nslated by J. M. Ricen, P. H. has
n published and distributed among
Irtland physicians.
Vvithln a month after Mr. Popick ar-
ed in Portland. bringing four
iinds of "Kefir" grains, he started
j manufacture of the product, and
ind a sale for it among his ielgh-
- a in Smith Pnrfland who had come
- -
Jam Russia, and who knew the vlr
res of fermented milk.
IA few days later Dr. A. Tilzer called
Popick to his office, and asked
m about his preparation, of the use
which In Europe he knew. The re-
H of this visit was that Dr. Tilzer
epared a paper on "Kefir," which
s been published in pampniet lorni,
d from which the following extracts
j taken:
Kefir in its natural state, as it is inc
ited to Russia from Caucasus, pre
Its the appearance of very small,
11 and spherical grains, conglomer
j into larger grains, ranging from
lei,, n f a rai 1 1 nvA run tl mclpr a In
ieter, in moistened condition. - In
state they are much smaller and
iy disintegrate under pressure. On
tening the grains the water as-
les a faint, yellow color wniie tne
itself whitens, expands and be
elastic, at all times, however.
aining a yellow color. Thrown into
the grains of kenr expand in size
grow and. upon shaking the ves-
break up into smaller grains which
heir turn grow into larger ones.
milk is thus the soil on which they
and grow and it is this mani-
tation of life and growth In the milk
t ferments It and brings about the
shed drink, kefir.
Two Microbes Pound.
1881 the first scientific botanical
ription of the grains appeared in
amphlet by Dr. Kern. He mads an
austive analysis of kenr and re-
ted two microbes, the fermentative
Is and a species of bacilli he named
spora Caucasica.
The rapidity of conversion of sweet
Ilk into finished kefir depends on the
equency of shaking the fermenting
lxture, on the quantity and fineness of
e grains used: also the temperature
which it is subjected. At a very low
mperature, for example, the fermen
tion may not take place at all. Unde
oper temperature, which is about 60
crrees Centigrade, the consecutive
arises In the milk are generally as
Hows: The milk begins to assume a
ightly sour taste and, as the acidity
creases, it commences to thicken, be
hmes covered with loam and men
nulslfles.
Upon standing the fermenting mix-
ire separates into two strata which,
(owever, unite into a unnorm mass
pon shaking. Upon continued fermen.
ition the liquid becomes thinner, more
cid and more saturated with carbonic
eld gas.
Liquid Becomes Watery.
It appears that a considerable part
f the fine, delicate casein which l
ispended in the emulsion gradually
icomes dissolved. Upon still further
rmentation it turns into a semi-trans
irent watery liquid, in which state It
mains lor some time and does not
ecome separated. At a lower tem-
erature a less acid product is ob-
Ltned. with a larger amount of car
?mc acta gas ana aiconoi, wniie at
lieher temperature the acidity in
eases, with a decrease or both car-
bnic acid and alcohol.
The natives use exclusively vessels
ade of hides, which they fill with
ill. 1 In Via o-i-alna Kind
Y5 orifice tightly and leave it to fer
lnt at a moderate temperature, aid-
the fermentation by frequent shak
The vessel is generally left out
e tneir caoins ana it is customary
every passerby to kick or otherwise
turb the vessel to aid m its complo
n.
IVhen the native wants to use some
I the kefir he ties the vessel below the
rice at a distance he calculates to
isume. unties at tne top and pour
the released quantity. By so doing
prevents the escape of carbonic acid
b. une vessel 13 men renuea wim
ilk for continued fermentation. Thi
the primitive method of the natives
rather an insanitary one and, a
10 vessel made out of hides is difficult
try Keep clean, me result, is a. very sou
id somewhat malodorous product. Of
te quite a few natives recognize the
3Bdvantage of such a method of prep
atlon and are gradually adopting the
J I Xjp !
it t $ - ' - -i 1
i yri '
7 Aaron Popick, Who Has Intro- t
I duced Russian Pood-Drink in I
I Portland. I
4
shaken every two or three hours, but
not violently enough to cause the for
mation of butter. .
Tho finished product is classified ac
cording to the duration of its fermen
tation, one-day kefir, two-day and
three-day kefir. Kept on ice it may
be preserved for a reasonable time.
Freshly prepared kefir, however, is
preferred. The kefir grains remaining
on the strainer are carefully washed of
the adhering particles of casein and
are ready for further use.
Rich Kefir Is Foamy.
This is sometimes varied by using
less of the grains to the same amount'
of milk and by allowing the grains to
remain in the milk twice as long. If
very fine grains are used the fermen
tation will commence sooner and thui
shorten the process of preparation.
This, however, is simply a question of
calculation, the main process being the
same.
A well prepared two-day kefir pre
sents the appearance and consistency
of a creamy, effervescent, foaming
liquid, slightly acid, with the taste and
odor of sour cream. It must be homog
eneous and with no particles of casein
distinguishable to the tongue. Other
wise the kefir is thinner in consistency,
more acid and contains more carbonic
acid gas and should, therefore, be
opened with care. As it is commonly
used it is divided and known according
to its strength as weak, medium and
strong. A well prepared kefir is rich
with foam which upon shaking of the
bottle adheres permanently to the walls
of the container, while a quickly dis
appearing foam indicates that the bev
erage is not finished.
Remedial Qualities Praised.
Its principal application in medicine
is In convalescent cases, but statistics
place it as a remedial agency of such
import that it is but fain to give it
the widest publicity possible. To sum
up, we have in kefir a food easily di
gestible and acceptable to the stomach,
a rich, complete food, a most valuable
dietetic adjunct to therapy and a pro
nounced enemy to pathogenic microbes
of the gastrointestinal canal.
Among the well-known physicians
who have used "kefir" in their prac
tices and who recommend it are: Dr.
Noble Wiley Jones. Dr. E. A. Pierce.
Drs. R. C. and R. W. Matson, Dr. Leo
Richen and Dr. A. G. Bettman. It has
been used with good results at the
Portland Convalescent Home, and
among the letters of recommendation
are those which say that "kefir may be
sed as a food when almost no other
form of nourishment is possible."
RAILROADS ENTER PROTEST
Tentative .Valuations Opposed on
Basis of Business Depression.
SALEM. Or.. Nov. 7. (Special.) Op
posing the tentative valuations of the
railroads for taxable purposes made by
the Commission and urging that the
valuations be lower than last year be
cause of a general falling off in busi
ness. representatives of the O.-W. R. &
N the Southern Pacific, Northern Pa
cific and other railroads appeared be
fore the State Tax Commission Friday.
A. C Spencer, general counsel: J. W.
Morrow, tax and right-of-way agent,
and R. B. Hallock, assistant tax and
right-of-way agent, represented the
O.-W. R. & N. : William M. Colvlg, tax
and right-of-way agent, and J. Lathrop.
assistant tax and right-of-way agent,
the Southern Pacific, and Charles A.
Murray, tax and right-of-way agent.
the Northern Pacific.
The railway officials said they were
favorable to fair valuations, but did not
tnink they should be made as high as
last year, because property In general
was not In as great demand. Because
of the business depression, they said,
the railroad returns had decreased ma
terially, which should be taken Into
consideration by the Commission in
fixing valuations. Representatives ot
several other railroads will be heard at
a meeting early next week.
Recovered From the Str. Francis H. Leggett
Bought by J. Simon & Bro. to Be Sold at
131-133 First Street
to Make Way for the
$75,000 Salvage Stock
Of the Steamer Catalina!
Monday Morning at 8 o'Clock the Doors Swing" Open
in Greeting to the Waiting Thousands Who Will Come
to Buy These Goods at a Small Fraction of Their
Worth! Read Every Item See What Wonders a Few
Dollars Will Work!
Everyday Household
Needs at Immense
Savings:
$2.00 Chairs for 75c
85c Chairs for 30c
$6.00 Gas Heaters $1.98
$1.25 Copper-Bot. Wash Boilers . . 65c
30c Nickel-Plated Sifters 15c
Tea Spoons, 3 dozen for 10c
$2.00 dozen Pillow Slips, dozen. . .85c
Lamps for 15c
60c Lanterns for 35c
15c Sink Strainers for .5c
25c Brilliantshine for 15c
I
Copper Tea Kettles, Galvanized Wash
Tubs, Fencing, Carpenter Aprons,
Garden Hose, Plumbing Material,
Show Cases, Cabinet Files, Books
All at Astounding Reductions
Axle Grease, 3 boxes for .10c
20c Galvanized Buckets, 2 for 25c
All Colors Patton's Paints on -i
sale now at, can
Roofing Paper, square 30c
Patton's Sunproof Enamel Gloss . . 15c
500 Government Rain-di ff
coats, $3 values P 1 .JJ
Men's and Women's $1.50 and Cn
$2.00 Umbrellas OUC
Men's Canvas Gloves, pair 5c
A Big Lot of Sweaters at Immense
Reductions
Diamond and Michelin Auto Tires
33 1-3 Per Cent Off List
90,000 cans Campbell's & Van Camp's
Soups. All flavors. Positively
not over ten cans to a custo- ff
mer S-'
Lima Beans, 9 pounds for 25c
Pickles, 2 bottles for 15c
75c Bottled Grape Juice 1 35c
75c Chewing Tobacco, pound 35c
A. & Ii. Preserves 15c
A Big Lot of Candies Almost Given
Away
The Price
C u 1 1 e r s
Sale at 131-133 First Street
Bet. Alder and Washington Across from P. R., L. & P. Co. Station
BOARD SETS TERMS
High Schools May Be Opened
to County Students.
JACK LONDON IS DEFENDANT
Associate In Grape Juice Concern
Says He Was Cheated.
SAN FRANCISCO. Nov. 7. (Special.)
Jack London, tne novelist, was one
of the defendants in a suit for $31,250
filed today by W. H. Beatty. who al
leges that on April 28 last he entered
into a contract with London, Tom Wilk
inson and A. M. Allison in connection
with "the Jack. Ijondon Grape Juice
Company."
He says that on July 16 last the con
cern was incorporated with $250,000
capital. Beatty alleges that on Sep
tember 15 last a meeting- was held by
the directors of the company and
resolution was adopted causing; th
articles of Incorporation to expire on
September 18.
He declares that a new company was
formed and that he had been cheated
out of the amount named in the suit.
62 Workers Injured in Week.
SAL.EM, Or., Nov. 7. (Special.) La
bor Commissioner Hoff reported today
that bz persons employed in Oregon in
dustries were injured during the wee
ending November 4. J. w. Hooper, of
Glover, was killed by a railroad train.
A large number of the accidents were
in connection with railroad and saw
mill operations.
CONTRACT IS PROPOSED
Portland Directors Reject Plan Of
fered and Slake One of Their
Own Fixing Conditions for
Sharing In JF"und.
The School Board at a special meet
ing yesterday decided to enter into a
contract to accept the benefits of the
county high school fund and In return
admit to the Portland high schools
children residing In any section of
Multnomah County not already served
by a" high school, -free of tuition, pro
viding the Multnomah County High
School Board will agree to certain gov
erning: conditions.
Thus, instead of accepting tne pro
posal made a few .weeks ago by the
county board, the School Board has
adoDted a proposal of its own and aeie-
cated authority to its clerk, K. a.
Thomas, to frame its proposal.
If the contract is accepted by both
boards, the Portland district will re
ceive about $48,000, which has not here
tofore been available, for the reason
that it has charged tuition lor tne at
tendance of every pupil living outside
the boundaries of the Portland district,
whether within or without Multnomah
County.
Taxpayers Are Interested.
The funds were raised pursuant to a
levy made by the County Commission
era and each taxpayer in tne county
has an interest in the fund.
The School Board insists that all
students living in communities where
high schools have already been estab
lished. such at St. Johns, Gresham,
Corbett and Orient, shall not be ad
mitted to the Portland schools free of
tuition, unless transferred to Portland
by the County BoarO, with the consent
of the Portland School Board. such
students, unless transferred and all
who live in Clackamas and other out
side counties, will be required to pay
the regular tuition rate of $80 a year
for attendance in the Portland high
schools as is the case at present. Ex
ceptional cases of needy children will
be exempted from tuition as heretofore.
Contract Only Experimental.
This contract, if adopted, as now
seems llkelyi will be In effect only one
year and if at the end of that period
the Portland School Board is not satis
fled with the arrangement it may elect
not to renew the agreement. One con.
ditlon that It shall insist upon is that
it be left entirely independent to carry
out its own programme without inter
ference from the county board. The
Board members feel that their author
ity was conferred by law and that
tbey have no moral or legal right to
surrender it. '
The County High School Board is
composed of the County Commission
ers, County School Superintendent
Armstrong, County Treasurer Lewis
and County Clerk Coffey. This board
has clearly indicated that it will be
glad to extend the contract privileges
to the School Board and there is every
probability that the agreement will be
entered into in the near future, the
only procedure necessary being agree
ment upon conditions.
Budget Matters Postponed.
The School Board met in executive
session to commence deliberations on
the budget for the year, but when the
county high school fund was broached
budget matters were, postponed until
some time this week.' Before arriving
at the decision. County Superintendent
Armstrong and Lawyers Nicholas and
McCoy, attorneys for the Board, were
called into conference.
Many problems face the Board In pre
paring its budget. For instance, if chil
dren from the county generally are to
be admitted to the high schools free of
tuition the finding of room to take care
of them will be a big task. Already
DALLAS BOY WINS PKIZB
TEMPERANCE ESSAY.
the high school buildings are overflow
ing and the attendance from Portland
alone is increasing each year.
In view of the vast number of unem
ployed and the cheapness of labor and
building materials, there is a disposi
tion on the part of some of the board
members to initiate tho construction
of several badly needed buildings.
Laborers Would Be Aided.
This would not only relieve the
crowded condition of high schools and
grammar schools alike, which is partly
taken care of by the use of temporary
portable buildings, but would give em
ployment to a large number of Port
land laborers at a time when economy
can be effected In purchasing building
materials. '
When forming the budget, allowances
must be made for the purchase of new
grounds and buildings, supplies, and
for salaries and general operation,
maintenance and administration ex
penses. The district has about $20,000
worth of supplies on hand, which, it is
said. Is fortunate in view of the high
prices that prevail on crayons, brushes,
tinware and other prerequisites.
The report framed by the board will
be submitted at the annual school
meeting November 24, when the tax
levy will be determined, by the legal
Bchool voters in assembly.
Taxpayers Are Eligible.
Those who are listed on the last tax-
roll as taxpayers are eligible to take
part in this meeting and vote on the
levy. Last year the board recommend
ed a levy of 5 5-10 mills, but so many
demands were made by the taxpayers
for additional building appropriations
that a stormy meeting Anally ended
with the decision that the tax levy
should be 7 5-10 mills, which brought
the budget to about $2,250,000.
With the funds made available by
this levy, the $160,000 Couch. $160,000
Shattuck, $2400 Fulton Park. $55,000
Richmond schools are now about to
be erected. Sufficient money is left
over to finance the erection of a nine-
room, one-story building, to displace
the portable buildings serving the Irv
lngton Park district.
In addition to the ordinary running
expenses, which are necessarily heavy
In a district as large as Portland, it Is
regarded as probable that money will
have to be provided for several new
buildings this year, but the number
and location of the structures cannot
be estimated until the budget is under
way. .
USE OF CHURCH ASKED
MEMBERS OP KIR ST METHODIST
CONGREGATION SIE TRUSTEES.
Hawly, Judge Morrow and others. A
street parade, headed by th Salem
band, preceded the meeting. The wom
en drill teams were the feature of the
parade.
A dance followed the meeting at the
Armory.
Ray Grounds.
Taking the stand that liquor is
not an Industrial asset. Ray
Grounds, of Dallas, Or won the
first prize of $15 offered by the
Woman'B Christian Temperance
Union for the best "Oregon Dry"
essay written by a high school
student in this state. The sub
ject chosen by the boy was:
"How Oregon Dry Will Affect
Industrial and Economic Con
ditions." The prize of $10 offered for the
grammer school students was di
vided, among five winners; Stella
Sheldon and Lilian Parks, of
Brownsville; Vinona Rice, of
Dallas; Paul Prater, of Cresweli.
and Florence Shortridge, of Sheridan.
OPINION BACKS TEACHERS
Lax Pupils May - Be Kept After
School, Is Decision of Attorney.
SALEM; Or.. Nov. 7. (Special.)
Keeping children who are lax in their
studies and deportment in after school
is legal, according to an opinion ren
dered today by Assistant District At
torney Benjamin.
The question arose over the action
of two women in taking their children
from the Buena Vista School while the
teachers were detaining them after the
regular school hours. When R. G. Dyk
stra, principal, remonstrated with the
women they quoted a statute which
says the school hours shall be from 9
o'clock in the morning until 4 o'clock
in the afternoon, with one hour recess.
Deed to Site of Old Taylor-Street
BulldlnK Given in lS'O Closing
to Services la Resented.
Legal action wa3 taken yesterday to
reopen the old Taylor-Street Church
and rededicate it to religious purposes.
Suit was brought by members of the
congregation of the First Methodist
Church against the trustees to enjoin
them in the avowed purpose of dis
posing of the old church property and
turning it to other uses.
S. A. Stansbery. G. W. Gay. John
Foott, Lot Taylor, W. H. Beharrell and
J. P. Finley appear as plaintiffs in
the action, and the First Methodist
Church and A. M. Smith. G. F. John
son. J. L. Hartman. Philip Buebner,
J. P. Rasmussen, T. S. McDaniel. John
Corkish. James Bradshaw, J. K. Gill
and A. King Wilson are named as de
fendants.
It is asked that the defendants be
restrained from longer preventing the
plaintiffs and other members of the
congregation from entering the church
and worshiping there.
A resolution, adopted by the com
blned Taylor-Street and Grace Meth
odlst churches, following their con
solidation, is mentioned in the suit as
basis for the belief that it is the In
tention to sell the church building and
grounds.
The title to the property is given
as dating from the earliest days of
Portland, and it is stated that for 60
years the Taylor-Street Church on
Third street has been used for re
ligious purposes. Originally, it is set
ud. the property . was deeded for
church purposes in 1850, when Daniel
H Lownsdale. Stephen Coffin and
William Chapman gave the title to the
ground upon which the Taylor-Street
Church stands.
Patent for the land had not yet
passed, however, and a deed was given
to the First Methodist Church for the
lot in 1870, when heirs to the Lowns
dale estate came into undisputed
possession of land in that section of
the city.
The attorneys for the plaintiffs are
Martin L. Pipes, John M. and George
A. Pipes, -Roger B. Sinnott and Lorlng
K. Adams.
Teachers Attend Institute.
ST. HELENS. Or.. Nov." 7. (Special.)
One of the most enthusiastic teacher's'
institutes ever held In the county closed
here last night. One hundred and seven
teachers were in attendance. Superin
tendent Alderman, of Portland, arave
the closing address. A county ath
letic association was formed. J. W.
Allen, County Superintendent. Intends
to make the annual institute a draw-
ng card each year.
Prohibition Majority Now 13,255.
SEATTLE. Nov. 17. With only a. few
scattered precincts missing, the ma
jority for prohibition in the state is
13.255.
GOVERNOR-ELECT IS HEARD
Representative llawlcy and Judge
Morrow Also Address Artisans.
SALEM. Or.. Nov. 7. (Special.) Gov
ernor-elect Withycombe, Representa
tive Hawley and Circuit Judge Morrow,
of Portland, were among the nota'bles
who celebrated here tonight with the
United Artisans of the Willamette Val
ley at a big "get-together meeting.'
Several trains bearing members of
lodges arrived early in the evening and
it is estimated that at least 1200 mem
bers of the order attended the meeting
at the Armory. Addresses were made
by Dr. Withycombe, Representative
HEAD AND NOSE
STOPPED FROM A
COLD? TRY THIS!
'Pape's Cold Compound" ends
severe colds or grippe
in few hours.
Your cold will break and all gripp
misery end after taking & dose of
"Pape's Cold Compound" every two
hours until three doses are taken.
It promptly opens clogged-up nos
trils and air passages in the head.
stops nasty discharge or nose running.
relieves sick headache, dullness, fe-
verishness, sore throat, sneezing, sore
ness and stiffness.
Don't stay stuffed up. Quit blowing
and snuffing. Ease your throbbing
head; nothing elBe in the world gives
such prompt relief as "Pape's Cold
Compound," which costs only 25 cents
at any drug store. It acts without
assistance, tastes nice and causes no
inconvenience. Accept no substitute.
Adv.
HOMEOPATHIC
PRESCIIIPTIOJIS,
SPECIFICS,
TH ITU RATES,
PELLETS.
A HOMEOPATHIC PHARMACY
IX CH A RGB OF" A TRAINED
HOMEO PHARMACIST.
SEND FOR CATALOGUE.
WOODARD, CLARKE & CO.
Wood-Lark Rldgr
Alder Street at West Park.
Portland, Or.