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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 27, 1914)
1G TIIE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, RprPT"E3rBTrR 27, 1914. GERMANS MAKE LESSONS APPEAL AND SCHOLARSHIP RANKS HIGH J. H. Klein, of Portland Trades School, Finds Customs and Manners of Teutons Interesting, but Educational System Carefully Worked Out and Ignorance is Frowned Upon by All Classes. '-UK; 1 l, 1 n - 8Sf fffi Vf it r'MlA"lilJw.Jjily,l;llll..J,.Lll.llM L fv-i i . few. t j x fl fttJOcJ X HE books, carefully posted. The pupils are required to be In their places five minutes before the session opens and to beg-in cleaning up ten minutes be fore It closes. Annually they make one trip to the German Museum with their teacher. All Work Salable. "The cost of stock and supplies for woodworking is about ninety pfennig or twenty cents, American money, each pupil for every term. Stock and sup piles in other trades, work Is propor tionate. "All work made In the schools Is of a merchantable character and is sold to the master lri the city and the schools also receive orders for work to be done in the schools for pay." Mr. Klein has made detailed com putations on the work of the classes and the procedure in almost chrono logical order. He has made a table of the course of study for comparison with the infantile American- trade school and has gathered a wealth of information on the cost of the main tenance of German trade schools and the direct income from these schools which is shown to be considerable. The donations, use of practical factor ies for work and private subscriptions amount to a considerable sum. . Duel Scars Honorable. Not the least interesting of Mr. Klein's observations was the student duels, which are not duels in fact, but scientific fencing under the guidance of experts and physicians, with the avowed intention of giving a student one 'or more ' sword wounds of which to be proud. The German girls look with disdain on the student who does not carry one or more "honor" scars on his face, due to the "Schlager," says Mr. Klein. Beer drinking among the students is an object for study as well as com ment according to Mr. Klein, but the marvel of it is the ease with which the German student drinks. 'The German students are by no means the swashbuckling, bullying, dissolute companions painted by those who know nothing about them" Bays Mr. Klein. "They may drink more beer than we deem necessary for health or even for comfort and they may take their exercise with a form of sword practice that we do not esteem; they may be proud of the scars of these raitatlon duels, but these are all mat ter of tradition and taste. I have passed many days and nights with these young gentlemen students at Heidelberg and have been made one of them in their jollity and good fellow ship and I have seen them go home, head as clear, eyes as bright and legs as steady as if It were 10 A. M. and not 2 A. M." PEACE WEEK ARRANGED MASS MEETING NEXT SUNDAY TO LAUNCH ROTARIAN EVENT. 1 Trade School In Munich, Showing; Well-Cared-for Space tor Recremttoa and Exercise. 2 Zeppelin, In Which J. PI. Klein, Portland Trade School Teacher, Rode. '3 School Boys in Mnnlch Carrying; Books Like Knapaack. 4 Cabinet Display of Work Turned Ont by Munich Students. 5 Party of American Teachers Aboard the Kaiser Wllhelm Der Grosne, En Route to Europe. .(The Vessel Haa Since Been Snnk by the British Kleet.) 6 A Mod ern Trade School In Munich. Alfred H. Brown, of American School Pce Learoe Committee on lec tures, to Addreaa Catherine. Education in Germany is made at tractive as well as thorough, and for one reason that is why German stu dents are capable, painstaking and leading the world as a nation in edu cational matters. This is the view of J. H. Klein, of the Portland Trades School who, as a member of the American Society for the Foreign Study of Industrial Edu cation, was one of the American dele gation which March 31 this year went abroad in the Kaiser Wilhelm der Groeae, which has since been sunk by the British men-of-war. Mr. Klein spent the most of his time In Germany, although he visited prac tically all of the European countries except Russia. Spain and the Scandi navian peninsula. He mixed with the students, getting a touch of their per sonal life as well as the procedure in their studies. What he learned in the German homes and student clubs, he eays. will be as valuable In handling American students, as will be the knowledge he gained In German sys tem. Carefnl Diary Kept. In a diary kept from the day the party started from Hoboken, N. J., un til the delegation was well Into the continent, Mr. Klein has enumerated happenings which will be of Inesti mable worth and interest for papers he has been asked to. prepare on his trip. While the trip primarily was to study Industrial educational methods land ilr. . Klein has brought back scores of pictures to prove he invaded the in nermost sanctums of the German edu cational machine he and his party lost none of the attractions which Europe has to offer from taxi riding on a Paris boulevard to climbing historic peaks In the Alps and listening to the sing-song tale of past heroes from guides in the various museums. Early in his diary Mr. Klein has re corded some of the wonders of the Ger man home, the most interesting of which perhaps is the part the old-fashioned sofa plays in the life of the Ger mans. Of German etiquette he writes: American Manners Shock. "I am not Intending to fix standards of etiquette. I can quite understand that we grab the hand of the German's wife and shake it like a pump handle instead of bowing over it; that when we nod cheerfully in the street with the wave of the hand or a lifting of the cane or umbrella Instead of taking off our hat; that when we rail to ad dress both him and his lady with the title belonging to them, no matter how commonplace that title, I know we shock his prejudices and his code of good mannera - "If there is a stranger, a lady, in the drawing-room before dinner the Ger man men line up in single file and ask to be presented to her. If the lady is tall and handsome and the party a long one. It looks almost like an ova tion. If you go to dine at an officer's mess the men consider it their duty to come up and ask to be presented to you. The men wear mourning on their forearm instead of the upper arm, and their wedding ring on the fourth finger of the right hand. . ' Sofa Old Institution. "The sofa too, plays a role In house hold and office life for which I have sought in vain an explanation. Not even German archaeology supplies his torical ancestry for this custom. It Is the place of honor. If you go to tea you are enthroned on the sofa. If it an office engagement, say to the po lice or to the office manager of the slaughter-house or to the hospital, you are maneuvered about until they get you on the sofa, generally behind table." Mr. Klein, much impressed by the German dinner. In his diary gives some interesting data on the habit of saying "Alahlzeit at the end of the meal. Mr. Klein also remarks on the fluency with which Germans manipulate titles and writes: "It is sometimes thrown at the Amer icans that we love titles, such as 'Hon orable,' "Colonel 'Judge' and bo' on. Many Americans prefer "Mr." or 'Mrs.' or 'Miss,' as the case may be, but this Is not so in Germany. The Germans have a ravenous appetite for these flimsy tickets, and the women carry the titles of their husbands." Compulsory Education Rule. Touching on the educational system of Germany, of which Mr. Klein has taken copious notes, he writes: . "Under, a regulation of the Depart ment of Trades and Industry, towns with more than 25,000 inhabitants are empowered to make their own rules compelling commercial employes ujider . i 18 to attend continuation schools acer- tain number of hours monthly and fin ing employers who interfere with this attendance. This law will reach the girls beginning this Fall, 1914. "The secondary schools of Germany are well known as the Gymnasium and the pro-Gymnasium,- the Real Gymna sium and the Realschulen. Roughly, the Real Gymnasium prepares for the university and the Real Schulen for the technical institutions. Admission to the universities and to any form of em ployment under the civil service de mands a certificate from one or anoth er of these secondary schools. Kalner TTrsjes Chanffe. "The present Emperor In a. recent speech suggested that these secondary schools devote more attention to tech nical training-. As a result of this, the certificates of the Real Gymnasium and the Realschulen now are received equivalent to those conferred by the Gymnasium where Latin and Greek are still paramount. "Of these secondary schools, some are state, some municipal and some private institutions, but all are amenable to the rules, organizations and curricula approved by the Btate. AH secondary and elementary teachers must meet the examinational requirements of the state which fixes a minimum salary and con. tributes thereto. In the universities and technical high schools, all profes sors are appointed by the state and largely paid by the state as well. lgrnorance Not Tolerated. "The uneducated man of position does not. cannot exist in Germany. This is therefore no phantom, but a real ter ror. The man of 25 who has not won an education and a degree faces a blank wall-barring his entrance any where, and who must work for next to nothing and who keeps down the level of the earnings of the rest be cause there is. an army of candidates for every vacant position. On the other hand, the Industries of Germany have bounded ahead because the chem Ists and physicists of patient training and ability who work for small sal arles provide the country with new and better weapons and tools than their rivals. "Strange to say the Federal constl tution of 1871, which gave Germany Its Emperor, did not Include the schools and each slate has its own school sy tern. In 1875, however, an Imperial school commission was formed which has done much to make the system of all the states conform. "Germany is, even now, somewhat FIRST BABY READY FOR CON TEST OF LAND PROD UCTS SHOW. :;. im. mmMftymrwi 1 Miss Eleanor Evelyn Ledbury. Little Miss Eleanor Evelyn Ledbury, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. A. H. Ledbury, of 322 East Fifty-fourth street, and grand daughter of Mrs. John Heischler, of the Astra Circle of the Wo men of Woodcraft, is the first baby to be entered in the baby contest of the Manufacturers and Land Products Show to be held In Portland, October 28 to No vember 14. , The Women of Woodcraft have complete charge of the baby con test for the show and the entry list is in charge of Mrs. E. T. Hughes. v .jo.i loosely cemented together. Their lead ers may feel that it is necessary to keep ever in the minds even of the chil dren that Germany is a nation with an emperor and a victory over France; that France, in political rags and patches, at the time is behind them." One of the marvels of the German system Is the thoroughness and ef fectiveness of the shopwork In the in dustrial schools. Of this Mr. Klein says: 'Shopwork was permissive in the Munich common schools beginning in 1900, but it became compulsory in 1907. It has always been of two kinds and each occupied the time of every boy during his last year In school for five hours a week for half a year, -one hour being for shop drawing and eight to 10 hours In all being devoted -to talks on tools and materials. The purpose is general education and pre-vocational training, and these lines of work were selected as being basic to all lines of trades represented in Bavaria. Since the introduction of this work It Is worth noting that the number of classes necessary for those mentally deficient has been reduced to 16. Shops In Basements. "Dr. Kerchenstelner, head of the Munich Bchools, has asked for a pleas urable atmosphere among the boys In their work and it is almost always noticeably present. Shop work of some sort or another is being carried down Into the sixth grades and would be wel comed In the fourth even. Woodwork has been carried down to the first year in some cases and with great success. The school shops usually are base ment rooms, adequate in size, with plenty of artificial, light and black boards adjustable vertically. The newer schools have generously large rooms with natural daylight facilities. Ven- tilation Is not perfect from the Amer ican standpoint and a few towels and a metal drinking cup are used by the students in common. Sometimes teacher goes to two or more schools in a day, and often a student from an unequipped school comes to an equipped institution to get his training. The students are taught order in caring for their tools and when a class has finished work the tools are put to their cabinet or proper rack and none ever is seen lying around on work benches or the floor. Teachers all Experts. "The teachers in these trade schools of Munich are all fine, clean-looking. well-dressed young men with a thor ough knowledge of their craft. Prac tically all are masters of their trades, have been apprentices and journeymen and have of course served their time in the army. There are no pormal schools for candidates lor these teaching posi tlons. but all must serve a year with out pay, after which, if they are ap pointed? have almost a life position. "The teachers wear long linen coats In the -shop. They teach 30 hours week and put In from five to 10 hours more in caring for their shops, prepar ing illustrative material, sharpening tools or some such work. When their school teaching days are over they re ceive a pension. "In . the schoolroom many of the teachers are stern and compelling, but usually harmony between teacher and student-body Is evident. "The German teacher is 'long on dem onstration, and one of the Impressive sights and one which shows the ef fectiveness of the German school and the personal touch of the 'system Is that of a crowd of boy students around a teacher at a work bench. The teacher explains this or that and discusses with' the boys and not 'at' them the why and wherefore of something. "Co-relation that is a co-ordinating of grade and trade work wherever pos sible Is one of the outstanding fea tures of the German system. Pithy Answers Required. "Another feature is that the students In answering a question put by the teacher must do so in a complete, well-rounded-out sentence, short and to the point, but a complete sentence withal. The student must use technical lan guage also. They teach a select choice of words. "A review of the last lesson usually precedes a new discussion. The shop discussions or sessions may be had any time in the day between 7 A. M. and 7 P. M., any day of the week except Sunday. When any class is in the shop, all others of that grade are in school regardless of the hour. There are fourteen to twenty in the average class, the equipment being for twenty one. Pupils do not sit for any of their work, even in drawing. They keep neat Peace week" In Portland, Inaugu rated by the Rotary Club, will begin next Sunday and a big mass meeting at the Armory that afternoon will be ad dressed by Alfred H. Brown, of New York City, executive secretary of the committee on lectures and readings of the American School Peace League, which Is affiliated with the American Peace Society. Mr. Brown Is in Portland on a visit. He Is president of the department of dramatic art of the Brooklyn Institute or Arts and Sciences. He will go from here, to Los Angeles to discuss the pro duction on the Pacific Coast of one of his plays with Oliver Morosco. His last visit to this city was three years ago, when he delivered lectures on the drama In several Portland homes. The Rotarians plan to make the week a feature and have arranged for dally peace luncheons" at the Commercial Club. The day on which the "peace week" Is to begin is that set aside by President Wilson as Peace Sunday. POLK COUNTY FAIR HIT BY RAIN, BUT SUCCESS Opportunity Afforded to Collect Fine Exhibit for Coming State Pair at Salem. ' r" -t TV , ft a - - SIX t&$ my -ft - fc - -v. C .. , - .v. TTTT""" i ENTHUSIASM IS SHOWN REPIDLICAS LANDSLIDE: 19 PRE DICTED AT L1XN MEETISTG. WIFE ALLEGED TO 'SCOLD Office-Building Superintendent Says Mate Has Tantrums. That his wife was cross and given to scolding, and that when he had to work evenings as superintendent of an office building she seriously objected and made scenes, sometimes refusing to speak to him for a week at a time, were charges made yesteiday in a di vorce action brought by Daniel Palmer against Bessie Palmer. Lou Garwood sued William C. Oar- wood for divorce on the ground of de sertion and the same complaint was made by Ruby R. Ake against George Ake. Judge' McGinn granted a divorce to Hazel M. Paulsen from Niles P. Paul sen. It being charged that he flew Into rages and beat her. The right to re sume her maiden name. Smith, was allowed. Judge Gatens granted $20 a month alimony and the custody of the chil dren to E. S. Tuttle, who received a decree from Jessie M. Tuttle. Judge Gatens also granted a divorce to De Etto Samuel from Bert Samuel fcr desertion. Youth Ends His Life. Despondent because of ill health, Joseph Hawks, 19 years old, shot and killed himself with a 22-callbcr rifle in his room at 113 Thirteenth street some time Friday night- His body was discovered by a friend, I. L. Talbott, lying on the bed. The body will be taken to -Hawks' place of birth. Rush Springs, Okla. SCORE OF 00 PER CENT IS MADE) BY PORTLAND YOUNGSTER. f ' . . i " : : i '- '.: i V X V DALLAS. Or., Sept. 26. (Special.) Despite the efforts of J. Pluvlus to drown out the exhibition, the fourtli annual Polk County Fair, which closed Tuesday, will go down In the hist,ory of this county as the greatest and best event of Its kind ever held here. Its greatness is not due to at tendance, for the almost continuous downpour of rain tended to keep away many who had planned to visit the fair, but Is due to the fact that the exhibits were larger and better than have ever been witnessed here, and far exceeded expectations. The stock department was larger than last year, stock coming in during the whole of the three days of the fair last week. The other departments were far above the standard set in previous exhibitions. Though from a money-making standpoint the fair was almost a total failure, still as an as sembling place for exhibits for the State Fair and the Panama-Pacific Ex postion It has been undeniably suc cessful. The best of the exhibits were, gath ered and have been taken to balem. The school children's department was taken intact. Polk County children again having designs on the grand sweepstakes at the State Fair. One of the most unique and Interest ing exhibits was that made by the local postofflce, under authority of the Government, and designated- as the United States Postofflce Parcel Post Exhibit. This is the first exhibit of the kind made In Oregon, and included almost everything that can be sent by parcel post. Outdoor Dance Impossible. The fair opened Thursday. Septem ber 17. Rain fell almost all of that day. A large number of visitors at tended and the hotels were taxed to their full capacity. During the even ing the Dallas band gave a concert in the large pavilion on the grounds. On Friday the rain continued, and this led the fair management to announce that the exhibition would be continued for the first two days of the follow ing week. On , Saturday a large at tendance paid homage to the wonder ful exhibits from Polk County. Dur ing the afternon and in the evening Albert J. Gillette, of Eugene, was the entertainer in the pavilion, with a se lection of songs. The Dallas band also gave a concert. Owing to the unfavorable weather conditions, the big dance, scheduled for the pavement around the Courthouse, was given up. and a gala time was had on the fair grounds. The Rose City Amusement Company, of Portland. furnished entertainment during the fair, and the shows given were commended. Baby Contests Held. Two baby contests were held dur ing the fair, one for pretty babies and one for eugenics. Bernlce. daugh ter of Mr. and Mrs. M. M. Harvey, 15 months old, won the first prize in her class in the beauty show, and Agnes, daughter of Mr. and Mrs. James Stm- onton, was awarded second prize. In the boys' contest, Harold, son of Mr. and Mrs. N. A. Beach, was awarded first prize In the over-one-year class, and John, son of Mr. and. Mrs. Tillman Crook, first prize In the under-one-year class. ' In the eugenics contest, Lorse Bar- ham, the 13-months-old daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Karl Barham, of Dallas, won first prize, with a score of 99.4 per cent, with Jack Grant, son of Mr. and Mrs. D. J. Grant, and winner in last year's event, second, having a score of 99.2 per cent. There were 2 entries, and among these but few fell below 90 per cent, and. most bf them were above 95. Children's Prises Awarded. In the school children's department North Dallas and Orchard View tied for fisrt place in Class A. In Class B Perrydale took first place, Buena Vista second. Alrlie third. In Class C Dal las took first. Falls City second and Independence third. Guy Stalger, of Dallas, got first prize for the pupil making the largest display of exhibits; May McDonald, of Dallas, second, and Homer Bursell, of Mistletoe, third. Clifton Martin, of Ballston, took first prize for making the largest display of earden products. Tho textile exhibit was excellent, and the Old Pioneers exhibit was Interest ing. The honey exhibit by Floyd E Smith, beekeeper, of Dallas, was the best of its kind ever seen here. This exhibit Included demonstrations - of queen raising. . The premiums awarded were large in number, and covered almost every branch of agriculture, horticulture and livestock. Polk County people . fully expect to carry off honors at the State Fair. Markns Richard Rosnmny. Markus Richard Rosumny, the son of Mr. and Mrs. J. M. Rosumny, Cornell road and Sky line boulevard, received a score of 99 per cent in the "better babies' " contest. In the Teon building, last week. He - has brown eyes and golden hair. suggested to Portland bankers a few days ago. but they decided to continue accepting Canadian money of all kinds at par. as they have in the past. At Seattle the bankers have been forced to discount Canadian currency, however, on account of the sudden flood of such money turned Into Seat tie as a result of the policy of the Canadian banks of placing a premium on gold. It was found that thrifty Seattleites were taking United States gold coins across the Canadian border In grips. boxes, trunks and by the pocketful. The Canadian bankers paid them a premium of 12 per cent. Canadian currency was accepted In return. As a result, Seattle soon had almost as much Canadian paper money as United btates gold. No such action was found to be nec essary in Portland, however. Although some of the stores here have started discounting there Is no need for such action, say the bankers. The banks will continue to accept all kinds of Candlan money currency as well as coins at par. CANADIAN MONEY AT PAR Seattle Banks, However, Forced to Discount Dominion Currency. Portland banks will not discount Canadian currency as a result of thi war. The advisability of placing a dls count rata of 10 per cent or 20 per cen against Canadian paper money was i " I - fJ ' ' J I if- f s I - -? - jf i !;i'i:S;:5U 5 iSSSS":!::-: 'i 'Sjii;i-:-. : i: -V :" : 'V!-' ":V Top Agricultural Exhibit.. Midd Paroel Pont Exhibit. Hclovr Lone Barham, Winner In Ententes C' test. Registration Doable That of DcmocMts. Newspapers and M'osaen Are Active In Campaign. ALBANY. Or.. Sept. 26. (Special.) Despite the fact that it was ralninx hard the meeting of the Linn County Republican central committee at the Courthouse in Albany today was at tended by a large and enthusiastic crowd of committeemen and candidates, Ralph K. Ohling, Albany, chairman of the committee, presided, and F. M. Brown, off Brownsville, secretary, was also present. Reports of committeemen from tUo various precincts of Linn County indi cate one of the largest Republican votes in the history of the county, and. as one committeeman expressed It. "a Republican landslide." Plans we completed for an active campaign, for which funds are coming in rapidly. Republicans in Linn County will vote the straight ticket. Republican newspapers in this county have pledged their support to the party and are conducting an active and ef fective campaign. The Republican reg istration at present Is more than all other parties combined and nearly twioo as great as tho Democrats. The registration books at the County Clerk's office and reports from all parts of the county indicate that the women are taking a great interest in tho forthcoming election and that their votes will materially swell the total number of ballots cast. Linn County has two precinct committee women. They are Mrs. A. H. Frum, of Center Precinct, and Hannah Warren, of Prov idence Precinct. MRS." B. HARRIS IS DEAD t Paralysis Vatal to Old Resident of Clackamas County. OREGON CITY. Or., Sept. 26. (Spe cial.) Mrs. Bridget Harris, the wife of I'atrick Harris, who had lived in Clack amas County for the last 38 years, died at her -home in Gladstone early this morning. She suffered a severe stroke of paralysis last Monday and was un conscious until her death. The fu neral will be held at 9 o'clock Monday orning from St. Johns Church. Mrs. Harris was born 80 years ago In Dublin, Ireland, and came to this i-ountry when a young woman. Mr. and Mrs. Harris came to Clackamas County in 1876 and nrst settled near Sandy, where they lived until a few years ago. Mrs. Harris Is survived by a son. Pat rick Harris, Jr of Portland: two nieces, Mrs. Anna Mair and Mrs. May McDon- ough, and a nephew, John McAdama. ' LONG-FOUGHT CASE ENDED Princeton Trust Company Loses In $40,000 Equity Suit. A long-drawn-out case that occupied almost a week in Judge Kavanaugh's court, the suit of the Princeton Trust Company versus Herbert S. Johnson and others, was decided yesterday by Judge Kavanaugh in favor of the de fendants. This was an action for alleged equity in property at Park and Morrison streets amounting to $40,000. In addi tion to Mr. Johnson, Mrs. Mary Crane Johnson, the Hurley-Mason Company and the Shasta Investment Company were defendants. Negro Caught With Dogs, Lynched. ROCHELLE, Ga., Sept. 26. Nathan Brown, a negro, was lynched by a mob near here late today for shooting to death Edward Rountree, a farm over seer. The negro was caught after an all-day chase wtih bloodhounds. Cleveland's 1J15 city rovernment will cost taxpayers 009, 000, despite cuta In estl-matea. Lecture is Postponed. No meeting of the Portland Ration alist Society will be held this afternoon in tho library, as had been planned, owing, to inability to arrange for a speaker. Instead the first meeting of tho society will be held at 8 o'clock next Sunday night in Room A of the library, when H. C. Uthoff will deliver a talk on "The Mission of Rationalism in Modern Life." Alberta Club to- Meet. The Alberta "Woman's Improvement Club will meet Tuesday night at the residence of Mrs. Josephine -it. Sharp, 1033 East Twenty-fourth street North. Men and women who wish to study the proposed amendments to the constitu tion are invited. PORTLAND BABY MAKES HIGH SCORE. t ' X :: Miriam McCrea. Miriam McCrea. daughter of Mr. and Mrs. R. M. McCrea, 1305 Patton avenue, is a bonny, bright baby, who made one of the high est scores in tho recent eugenic test, conducted by the Oregon Congress of Mothers. SEE THAT JPURVE KHYPTOI mthouilinci In tho Two Pairs in One Without the Difficulties Coma in and see them at the home of KRYPTOK lenses and SHXJB-ON eye glasses. Thompson OPTICAL INSTITUTE, 209-10-11 Corhett Bldg. 2d Floor, 5TH AND MORRISON. Nice Steinway upright $287. Read page 14, this section. ff4-