11
THE SUNDAY OREGOXTAX, PORTLAND, JULY 19, 1914.
THOUGH APE'S BRAIN IS LIKE MAN'S
IT CAN'T BUILD SHIPS NOR PRAY
Human Gray Matter, Made Up of Six to Twelve Billion Cells, Is Wonderful Labyrinth of Untrodden Byways,
Whose Rarest Beauties Yet Have Not Been Explored by Science Mind and Brain Distinctly Different.
HCUTH A D EFFICIKNCV HOW
TO M.UMUN BOTH.
By Frederick M. RoMlUr, B. S- M. D.
Questions pertaining to health, hy
llui and tn prevention ol "
will be anaaered In tht column.
When for Inch ot apace ana hn
nuiloa are no: suitable, anawera
will ba made by mall, providing a
tamped envelope with addreaa la
Inclosed. No question will be con
sidered without the nam and ad
dreta or the aender No dlagnoal
will b made In thla column.
BY DF!. FREDERICK M ROSSITER
NATOM1CALLY the human brain
i has many things in common with
the brain of the higher class of
animals. such as the ape, the chim
panzee, or the orang-outang, but men
tally there Is no relation or similarity.
In mentality man is as far removed
from all animals as the North Star
is removed from the earth. Aside from
purely animal functions, there is noth
ing in common.
Animals can bo trained to do certain
things automatically and to perform
certain clever tricks, but their entire
Ufa largely is controlled by instinct.
It Is mind and the use of the mind
that makes a man a man. No ape ever
learned a language, or built an 1m
perator, or constructed a steam engine,
or invented an airship, or discussed
the tariff, or talked through a tele
phone, or prayed a prayer. Some ani
mals may Imitate, but man creates.
The world is full of the wonderful and
marvelous productions of the human
mind. On every hand are the material
creations that stand as monuments to
Ilka genius of man. Yet, nothing tha
man has created is as marvelous as
his own brain.
Here we have a temple within a
temple, columns and pillars, chambers
and galleries, decked with fringe and
lace-like tapestries; wonderful pas
aage. and a most Intricate labyrinth
of pathways, mysterious and untrod
den, innumerable darkened chambers
still unpwnetrated, and. when they are
penetrated, the ' rarest beauties, no
doubt, will be uncovered. No man yet
has explored all the hidden recesses
of his own mind, and time will not
last long chough so that he can, even
though he should live longer than did
Methuselah. Thern are anatomical
reasons why a man cannot exhaust the
resources of his brain.
Braia and Mind Different.
The brain is not the mind, neither
Is the mind the brain, but. so far as
a man is concerned, he has no mind
independent of the brain. A brain,
however, may be independent of the
mind. There Is a perfectly shaped
brain on the table, but it has no mind.
The mind Is expressed In thought.
While one thinks with his Drain,
thoughts are not an excretion from the
brain, as bile is from the liver. The
brain' does not secrete thought as the
- stomach doe gastric Juice. The mind
nses the brain to produce thoughts,
much as Kubellk uses his violin to
produce music. The violin tannot
play itself. It is an instrument and
responds beautifully umUr the deli
cate touch of the musician. The brain
is the instrument of the "thinker."
Here In the bruin is where you live
and where I live. Here Is the sanc
tum sanctorum, where the ego dwells,
and here the ego uses the brain for
the purpose of creating and producing
thoughts. We arc not independent of
our brains and cannot live a consci
ous life independent ot the brain, yet it i
Is within the power or a numan Deing
to direct the action of his brain and to
develop It by his thoughts. Though the
real source of thoughts Is one of the
unsolved mysteries of th human mind,
one fact fully is settled and that is
tha't we think with our brains, at any
rate we are supposed to do so.
Strange as It may seem to us this
always lias not been an accepted truth.
No less important a person than the
great ancient physiologist and philoso
pher Aristotle, after carefully examin
ing the brain, gave it as his opinion
that the one and great business of the
brain was to cool the Mood for the
heart. While the brain is not mentioned
in the Bible, vet a perusal of the Book
of Job. the Psainus and the writings of
fcolomon convinces the reader that these
ancients knew that the great organ in
the head was there for a more impor
tant purpose than to cool the blood.
Brain Knowledge Is Itrcent.
It Is evident from the writings of
Tin ii thut for ages the world knew
nothing about the brain or what its
functions were. Most of the other or
gans of the body Ions have been known
and men have been able to see these
organs In action and. In a physical way.
have been able to demonstrate what they
dldT but uot so with the braiii. For
thousands of years the brain has held
its secrets from men and has worked
unobserved, surrounded by a mysteri
ous silence. The secrets of the "thinker"
forever are hidden from the gasec of
men. Only he and his Maker know
what is going on within the brain.
About 160 years after Christ, listen
felt certain that the bruin was the cen
ter of the conscious mind, but for near
ly 2000 years after Galen little if any
advance was made in this matter. Most
of the knowledge about the brain and
the mind has come to light within the
lives of the present generation. J-o far
as structure Is concerned, then: is not
a great difference between the brain of
an anthropoid ape and that of a man.
In fact, a college lecturer on anatomy
gave several demonstrations of the
brain before a class before he dis
covered that he was demonstrating an
ape's brain Instead of a man's. Though
there is this similarity in structure and
In appearance, the functions are dif
ferent so fundamentally that a'l the ex
perimentation on the brains of animals
has not materially helped to under
stand the human brain, and little ex
perimentation can be done on the hu
man brain. So our present knowledge
of the human brain largely has come
through accidents and because of care
ful study of symptoms produced by
various diseases and tumors. It former
ly was thought that In seeing, hearing,
fueling, remembering, the c tire brain
did each of these separate functions,
but tht is not the case. In the brain
there is the most precise division of
work. and. If one part cannot perform
Its work, no other part can lake up the
task and go on.
It was In 18SJ that a scientist oy the
name of Broca by chance discovered
that there is a definite center in the
brain that presides over the motor
power of speech. This discovery marked
the beginning of an important epoch in
what is known as brain localization.
Today we can tell wHh a reasonable de
gree of accuracy the location of many
of the motor and sensory areas of the
brain. The functions of the mind abso
lutely are dependent upon the integrity
of these areas. A few days ago there was
taken to a hospital in Chleaeo a man
who did not know who he was', what
his name was or where he lived. The
memory center in his brain, that kept
these facts stored up . and com
municated them to his center of con
sciousness whenever he wanted them,
was either out of order or the communi
cation was Interrupted. A man does uot
save to be left In a great forest to be
lost. He can be. completely lost, so far"
aj be is concerned. bcu his memory
J&Zer&2 V'evs cflVnrtc Joir7 of Che 3r&n vsft
Grtat J3ii3 ??e:?novrsct. 7Sie Course ofnt:
centers cannot get into communication
with his center of consciousness.
The brain nerve cell Is the unit pt
brain action. It is the aggregation of
Hi nasi cells that gives man his "gray
matter." Tho number of these cells
variouslv has been estimated from
o.O'O.OOO.OOO to 12,000,000,000. At least
It would seem that the brain was sup
plied with u sufficient number so that
the "thinker" would never lack for ma
terial to work on. These cells are curi
ous and differ In shape and slae. Some
have many projections and look like a
spider; some resemble an old-fashioned
kite, with a long tall; others look like
a turnip, having a large body and a
bushy top and a long central root; oth
ers possess so many branches arid arms
as to remind one of tho luxuriant ion
age of n tropical forest. Borne of these
cells are so small that 4000. placed side
by side, barely would make an inch,
others again arc much larger. Though
these cells are so minute and numerous,
yet no two of them are In absolute con
tact. Each cell is surrounded by a
delicate film of fluid which separates
it from its fellow. Not only is this so.
but the brain rests upon a cushion of
fluid and Is completely Immersed In
fluid, proving conclusively that man
thinks under water.
A large number of these brain cells
have a delicate silvery white projec
tion, much finer than a strand in a
spider's web, and this microscopic
thread connects the cell with other
parts of the bruin, or It may leave the
brain and pass to the spinal cord or to
one of the special sense organs, as the
eye or the ear. The brain cells either
send out an Impression or receive one
and the silvery thread is the electric
wire that curries the message. But.
unlike a telephone wire and receiver,
the same fiber does not carry messages
both ways. Moreover, the wires are
thoroughly insulated, so that they do
not get crossed and mix things up.
The gray matter that covers the en
tire brain consists of untold millions
of cells. If this layer of gray matter
were spread out on a smooth surface it
would .over about four square feet in
area. Fortunately we do not have to
go around with our brains spread out
on the top of our noddles, although we
may sometimes act as if we were thus
afflicted, his four square feet of think
ing surface is folded upon itself like a
ruffle, forming convolutions all over
the brain, and, of course, like a ruffle,
there is a dip or depression between
each fold. This arrangement provides
an extensive surface, compactly placed
within a small space.
Brain power Is not measured by the
size of the brain, but by the quality of
the cells and the thickness, deusity of
the gray matter and the depth of the
depressions between the convolutions.
Professor Hemholtz, who doubtless was
the greatest scientist of his day. had a
brain that was one-tenth smaller than
the average European brain. Borne of
the largest brains have been found
among ignorant laborers. So It Isn't
the quantity so much as the quality
that counts. Here is where the women
Center of ztm f
(Guar's?) SJ?otvi7 jL&r-cpe
have the best of the men, for, In pro
portion to body weight, a woman's
brain is heavier than a man's.
When a baby is born it lias a
thoughtless brain. Its brain is like a
blank phonographic cylinder, ready to
receive tho impression. The wax
soft, the impression easily is made. The
nature of the impressions means char
acter and destiny. At birth not
thought or an emotion has disturbed
the brain. It is a blu'nk. While it may
be rich in endowments, it does not pos
sess a slnsrle mental faculty. All must
be acuulred.
So. when a child is born, it begins
life with a brain that may be likened
to an exceedingly sensitive photograph
ic nlate that is about to be exposed.
The picture may be beautiful or ugly.
according to the environment ana sur
roundings. The baby has no memories,
for it has had no communication with
the outside world. Here Is where a
heavy responsibility rests upon the
Daren ts.
The brain makes its most rapid
growth during the first 10 years ot life,
in fact, it makes most of Its growth
during this time. During the succeed
ing vears its growth Is slow, but it con
tinues to grow as long as there is active
mental application. The growth of the
brain is due not so much to an Increase.
In the number of cells as it is to me in
crease in the individual cells. One in
vestigator makes the claim that some
brain cells may increase their volume
10.000 times.
Brains Are Double.
The entire brain seems to be ar
ranged in symmetrical halves and of
the larger division of the brain, or the
cerebrum, these are known as the l ight
and left cerebral hemispheres. Every
portion of the left brain is in direct
communication with the corresponding
portion of the right brain by means of
associated nerve fibers. An interest
ing and strange featuro of the arrange
ment of tho right and left sides of tho
brain is that the left brain presides
over the action and sensations of tne
right side of the body and the right
brain over the action and sensations
of the left side of the bdy. When a
person Is paralyzed on the right side
of the body In a stroke of apoplexy a
blood vessel has ruptured on the left
side of the brain. The blood clot cuts
off the passage of motor Impulse from
the brain cell that operates the muscles
of the opposite side of the body.
The muscles of one side of the tongue
are controlled by nerve cells on the
opposite side of the brain and vice
versa. While the eye Is the organ of
sight, we actually do not see with the
eye, but with the brain cells of sight In
the back part of the brain. If you will
feel of the bump on the back part of
your head with your linger you will
be close to the sight center in the
brain. It is interesting to know that
any object one sees with the Inner half
of the right eye he sees with the sight
cells on the left side of the brain, and
objects seen with the outer half of the
right eye he. sees with the sight cells
on the right side or tne brain. vny
this is so arranged no one is able to
explain. This same principle Is true
of hearing: that it, a song heard with
the right car is made known to you
on the left side of the brain. v
Brain Power t Increased.
Though it is true that we have a
double brain, this does not signify we
have, two minds or that it makes us
twice as strong mentally, any more
than two eyes enable one to sec twice
as far. We see more clearly with two
eyes because the fields of vision over
lap and so, no doubt, the two brains
help one another.
A notable exception to the sjninict-
rical action of the two halves of the
brain Is noticed in the motor center for
the control of speech. Some day we
may know more about this, but inves
tigations to date indicate that the col
lection of cells that control the power
to speak is located on the left side of
the brain in right-handed people and
on the right side of the brain in left
handed persons.
A man injured in a fight was
brought into a clinic in New York City.
In the fight the end of an umbrella
was thrust into his left eye, but, in
stead of putting the eye out. the tip
slid over the eye and, passing oac k
through the socket, penetrated the sort
tissues of tho base of tho brain, In
juring the speech center. Iso inrection
resulted, and the wound slowly neaiea
up. but the man had lost the power of
speech. One day wnue tne man was in
the clinic a student came in carrying
an umbrella. Dr. Thompson says when
the patient saw the umbrella he point
ed to it and began to weep. The only
way this man could speak again would
be to learn anew, li possioie, una uu
velon the speech center on the right
irle of his brain. He would nave to dg-
gln just as a baby learns to speak. It
is a Question whether this could be
done. It would seem that, so far as
speaking and all the memories con
nected with the peech center are con
cerned, this part of one's education all
would have to be learned over once
more. This injury did not interfere
with any other function of his brain,
demonstrating that there is a division
of cell work in the brain and that cer
tain cells preside over certain func
tions, independent of the action of the
rest of the braiu.
In a subsequent article I will take up
the functions of other parts of the
brain. In this study one is Impressed
that the possibilities that He withia
the 6,000.000,000 brain cells, or more,
are infinite. We may dissect sections,
trace fibers, locate centers, examine
cells and their projections, but we can
not locate thought. We can analyze
wave sound, show how it passes into
the car. how It communicates energy
to the ear drum and selB the little ear
bones vibrating, how It produces a com
motion in tht: labyrinth of the internal
ear and from there passes over the
nerve of hearing to the sensory cells
in tho brain; but how a physical prop
erty can be converted into conscious
ness is Just as inexplicable and mys
terious today as it was a thousand
years ago.
A Poem Worth Knowing
The poem which follows appears in
abridged form in many collections, ac
credited to Lord Lytton. A correspon
dent states that it was written by J. L
McCrccrv, author ot a volume entitled
"Songs of Toil and Triumph," published
in Nev York in 1883.
Tdere 1 'o Death.
There is no death! the stars go down
To rise upon some other shore.
And bright in heaven's jeweled crown
They shine forevcrmore.
There is no death! the forost leaves
Convert to life the vlewlees air;
The rocks disorganize to feed
The hungry moss they bear.
There is no death! the- dust we tread
Shall change, beneath the Summer show
ers. To golden grain, or mellow irult.
Or rainbow -tinted flowers.
There is no death! the leaves may fall.
The rlowers may Jado and pass away
They only wait, through wintry houra,
The warm, sweet breath of May.
There is no death! Uhe choicest gifts
That heaven hath kindly lent to earth
Are ever firat to seek again
The country or their birth.
And all things that for growth or Joy
Are worthy of our love or care.
Whoso loss hai left us desolate,
Are safely garnered there.
Though life become a desert waste.
We know Its fairest, sweetest flower.
Transplanted Into paradise.
Adorn immortal bower.
The voice of birdlike melody
That wo havo mlsHed and mourned o
long, . .
Now mlngleB with the angel choir
In everlasting song.
There Is no death! Althoush we grieve
When beautiful, familiar form
That we havo learned to lovo are torn
.From our embracing arms
Although with bowed and breaking heart.
With sable garb and silent tread.
We hear their aenseless dust to reat.
And say that they aro "dead"
They arc not dead! They have but passed
Beyond tha mlat, that blind u here,
Into the new and larger life
Of that serener apnere.
They have but dropped their robs of Clay
To put tlleir snimn i-hiiit-ih vm.
They have not wandered far away
They are not lost, nor gone.
Though disenthralled and glorified,
Thev still are here and love us yet;
The dear ones they have left behind
They never can forget.
And sometimes, when our heart' grow faint
Vnild temptation fierce and deep,
Or when the wildly raging wavea
Of griof or paaaion aweep.
We feel upon our fevered brow
Their gentl touch, their breath of balm.
Their arms enfold us, and our heart
Grow comforted and calm.
And ever near us, though unseen.
The dear, Immortal spirits tread
For all the boundless unlvera
Is life there are no dead!
TEETH LOST IN HOLDUP
Negro 11 tied $5 00 for Robbing
Switchman of Diamond and Molars.
KANSAS CITY, Mo., July 14. The
penalty for holding up a man on the
streets of Kansas City, Kan., and rob
bing him of his false teeth, is $500. A
fine of that amount was imposed on
Benjamin Boyd, a negro, today.
Boyd was charged with holding up
William Fawcett. a switchman. Faw-
cett testified that Boyd beat him, robbed
him of a diamond pin ana tnen
reached into his mouth and extracted
his false teeth.
Shave your whiskers today, for no
nan knows what tomorrow will bring.
The Victim, by Thomaa Dlxer. S1.35. D
AppUton & Co.. New York City.
The hero of this Civil War novel is
Jefferson Davis, president of the Con
federate States.
Mr. Dixon is a Southerner, and nat
urally he writes this novel from u
Southern point of view, giving the
Confederacy and its military chiefs
the best of it. Tho story is exceed
ingly well told, the battle-pictures
have sweep and dash, the love Interest
Is sufficiently weepy and romantic
and, above all the incidents, stands
commanding Jefferson Davis, who is
first spoken of as a Washington in
counsel and latterly as a persecuted
scapegoat.
The prologue begins In the year 1814,
when Jefferson Davis, then seven years
of age, was accompanying his big
brother through a Mississippi forest
on his way to school, at the St. Thomas
Monastery, Kentucky. The big brother
comforts the young one.- thus: "Come,
come. Jeff Davis, you're going to be
a solUier. Remember you're the son of
a soldier who fought under General
Washington, and won our freedom.
You're named after Thomas Jefferson,
the great President. Your three
brothers have Just come home from
New Orleans. Under Old Hickory, wo
drove the British back into their ships
and sent 'em flying home to England.
The son of a soldier the brother of
soldiers can't cry "
"I will If I want to."
"All right," the man laughed, "I'll
hold mv hat and you can cry it full."
The boy has a memorable interview
with General Andrew Jackson, and
after school days he was appointed as
a cadet to West Point from the State
of Mississippi. As Lieutenant Davis,
of the United States Army, tho per
sonality grows in mastery. Davis be
comes acquainted with Colonel Znvch
ary Taylor, "Old Rough and Ready,"
and falls in lovo with and murrles the
Colonel's daughter, Sarah Knox Tay
lor. She does not live long. On page
6 we read that Davis, at the battle
of Eucua Vista, lea nis men m -charge
against overwhelming odds,
turned the tide from defeat to victory
and gave the Presidency to the man
who had denied to him his daughter's
hand."
We next meet Davis as United States
Senator, and learn that "when the
first rumblings of the storm that was
to shake a continent broke over the
Republic, he stepped forth to take his
place In the world of action the beat
equipped, most thoroughly trained,
most perfectly poised man who had
over entered the arena of American
politics." On this latter point there
are many critics especially Federal
veterans who will disagree with Mr.
Dixon's; estimate. So much for tho
prologue.
The story proper begins on page 60,
with a description of tho love-making
of two Southerners, Dick Welford and
Miss Jennie Barton, the latter a daugh
ter of Senator Barton. The time is
when certain United States Senators
resign their seaLi in the Senate, and
announce their allegiance to the new
Confederacy.
As President Davis, of the Confed
erate States of America, the figure of
the hero grows colossal. A sinister
figure in tho novel is a young man
who passes as Signor Henrico Socola,
secretary to the Minister of Sardinia.
In reality, Socola is a Federal spy, sent
to worm out the political and military
secrets of the Confederacy, and he
makes Jennie Barton believe that he
loves her. Through her kindness,
Socola secures introductions to men
and women high in the councils of
President Davis.
In describing the Battle of Bull Run.
Mr. Dixon eulogizes Stonewall Jack
son, and shows that the Confederate
ahny "hud been saved from annihila
tion by the quick wit and daring cour
age of a single Brigadier-General
(Jackson) who had moved his five
regiments on his own initiative in the
nick of time, and naved the Confed
erates from utter rout. victory naa
been snatched at last from the Jaws or
defeat by an accident. The misfortune
of a delayed regiment of Johnston's
armv was suddenly turned into an
astounding pieco of luck. The sudden
charge of those 2000 men on the flank
of the victorious army had proaucea
a panic among tired, raw recruits.
McDowell was at this moment master
of the field. In a moment of Insane
madness his unseasoned men had
thrown down their guns and fled."
Here is a brilliant description of the
Battle of Manassas;
The artillery opened the artlWi and for
eight hours the heavens snooa wun .i
At !i o'rloek in the afternoon. Pope
determined to hurl the flower of his army
against Jackson's corps and smash it. HI
first division presseo rorwaru unu ""
the Confederates at elose quartera. A fierce
and bloody conflict followed, jacaaon
troops refusing to yield an inch. The Fed
eral commander brought up two reaerve
lines to support the first but before they
could be of any use, Longsireei a aruuerj
was planted to rake them with a murder
oua fire and they fell back In confusion.
Ab the reservea retreated Jackson or
dered hla men to charge and at the aamo
moment Longatreet hurled his division
against the Federal center, and the whole
Confederate army with piercing yell leaped
forward and awept the field as far as the
eye could reach.
No aubllmcr pageant of blood and flame
and smoka ahd ahrouded Death ever moved
acroaa the earth than that which Lee now
wltneaud from the hilltop on which he
tood. For five miles across Manassas
Plains the gray waves rolled, their pol
ished bayonets gleaming In the blazing sun.
They swept through the open fields, now
lost a moment In the woods, now flashing
again In the open. They paused and the
artillery dashed to the front, spread their
guna in line and roared their call "bf death
to tho etruggllng. fleeing, demoralized army.
Another shout aiul the charging host awept
on again to a new point of vantage from
which to fire. Through clouds of amoke
and dust the red tongues of flame from
a hundred blg-mouthcd guns fllshed and
faded and flaahed again.
The charging men slipped on the wet
grass where the dead lay thlckeat. Wavea
of white curling imokt roao above the tree
top and hung In dense cloud over the
rield lighted by the red glare of the ainklng
un. .
The relief eorp could bo cen dablng on,
with strotcbers and ambulances following
In the wake of the victorious army.
The hum and roar of tho vast field of
caTnage came now on tho cara of the lis
tener the groans of the wounded and the
despairing ory of the dying. And atlll the
living waves of gray-tipped teai rolled on
In relentless sweep.
The other battles of the Civil War
receive condensed but adequate treat
ment, and the impression is given that
the South would have won, but for the
Immense number of opponents. "Forced
by his people to lend their cause, Jef
ferson Davis' genius created an engine
of war so terrible In Its power that
through it 5,000,000 Southerners, with
out money, without a market, without
credit, withstood for four years the
shock of 20,000,000 men of their own
blood and of equal daring, backed by
boundless resources," writes Mr. Dixon.
When the finale comes, when Davis
is a prisoner of war, General Nelson
A. Miles, appointed as Davis' jailer, is
anoken of in brutal terms. Davis is
rather described as a sufr-jring saint.
Many Federal soldiers are painted as
ruffians.
"The Victim" ought to have a large
sale In the Southland. Wnat a pity
the storv Is so partisan, and that Its
reading of parts of history is not more
correct.
Hi-ton- of the I'nited States, by Matthew
Page Andrews. Illustrated. J. B. Llppin
cott Co., Philadelphia.
There are many histories of the
United States, but this one with its 155
"Difficulties are Ihiigsthal
show what men ave:
'"Shomos Dixon
of
"THE -VICTIMf
yif ceYenro7 fj&visr as- Zfeffero.
illustrations. 2i black and white map
in the text and two maps In full color,
Is different. It is brought down to
date to the Woodrow Wilson adminis
tration, and the author has made wide
use of the latest results of thought and
research in his attractive presenta
tion of historical facts. This modern
book deserves wide recognition. 4-
pages.
Religion and Drink, by Rev. R. A. Wat sou.
Ph D. Burr Trlntlng House, New York
City.
Our industrious and learned author
is rector of St. Stephen's Episcopal
Church. Newark. N. J. He. is correct,
probably, in his statement that his
book Is the first examination of the
liquor or "drink" question, on so ex
tensive a scale in the English lan
guage. He attempts to prove from the
Bible and New Testament that tho use
of "drink" that is. liquor is not for
bidden, and he collects a formidable
arrav of texts and other facta to sup-
.. . 1,1.. ,. An An I
pui I ilia i,itM,vu,iwii
This paragraph fairly presents ur. I
watsons argument. i" iiuo
power of joy, there Is no more uni
versal symbol than that given by
Jesus, the wine cup and tho banquet;
because, the meal is a daily reality,
and at the same time one of the
simplest, oftenest repeated, and most
familiar acts. It is significant that
Jesus did uot build up his disclpleshtp
about a book, the New Testament as
yet. was not; nor about a priestly
order; nor about a 'great renuncia
tion'; jn about a banquet, a feast of
eating and drinking, bread to
strengthen man's heart, and wine that
maketh his heart glad, truo bread and
true wine, both alike for tho strength
ening and refreshing of body and soul
alike. Drink is one of the privileges
of the children of God. by tho witness
or nim wno IS luuuiui aim true, wuu
both himself drank and commended It
to his followers. Drink is right as
long as it is our creature: ours to let
alone, ours to take up. It Is only when
it ceases to be ours and. contrariwise,
becomes our master, that drink be
comes wrong."
There can be no doubt that Dr. Wat
son has given his opinion the wlno
opinion with courage. His book doe
ma ,i,iiut 1 1, ' 1 , r,-v in:t ; i ' studv but
rather the brewery. 301 pages. Such
a booK is out ot uaic.
Ten Sex Talks to Boyt, Ten Years and
Older, by J. D. Steinhsrdt. M. D. SI.
,J. B. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia.
Wise, safe counsel, both for fathers
and sons. In language that is easily
understood. Explanations are made
modestly and Instructively. The sub
ject is generation of sex. A preface Is
written by Ernest Thompson Seton.
and he says:
"I do not know of any book bettor
fitted to serve this purpose and uid the
anxious but embarrassed father to do
his duty by his boy than the present
'Sex Talks.' As soon as the child can
read and with most boys thut means
about eight it is well to discuss the
simple facts of animal reproduction or
read parts of this book to him. A lit
tle later put the books In his hands
and tell him that it contains things he
ought to know. He will absorb tho in
formation exactly In proportion to his
needs, and If the father has maintained
the right friendly relation with hi
son. the child will come and tell him
when street acquaintances or unscrup
ulous hired help, have given him Ideas
that are unclean, or likely to lead in
the wrong direction."
The pages are 187.
Game Protection and Propagation In Amer
ica, by Henry Chaa, S1.2S. J. B. Lippin
cott Co.. Philadelphia. Pa.
"Game protection, as the term is un
derstood in this country, consists large
ly In the enactment and enforcement of
statutes regulating the time when, the
manner and mans by which, and the
amount of gamo that may bo killed or
taken by the public. These statutes
are enforced by recognized 'officers of
the state. Hence, most of tho questions
and problems involved in game protec
tion are matters of law, with collateral,
practical questions of fact and science."
So says our author in explaining his
position. His book is a wise, experi
enced presentation of needed facts,
somewhat rare in this country as ap
plied to this particular subject. Three
of the best chapters are; Hunting Game
During Severe Winters; Hunting Acc
dents, and Fighting Forost Fires.
Makers of the Nation, by Fannie E. Co.
Itluatrated. S cents. American Book Co..
New York City. N. Y.
With illustrations numerous and at
tractive, these 50 sketches of famous
Americans, covering the period from
1765 to 1S$, follow tho programme of
the committee of ei?ht of the American
Historical Association, for the fifth
grade. The heroes described are fron
tiersmen, statesman, inventors, busi
ness men. soldiers, etc. The book In
well printed and will serve to pruvldo
education for the rising generation. SSI
pages. One merit about the sketches Is
their brevity.
Buxlnes Arlthmelle, by C M. nnnkmin.
Illustrated. ! cents. Amrrhan Book Co.,
New York City.
Problems applying to manual train
ing, parcel post, railroad rate pohlul
savings banks, new tariff bill, and new
Federal banking law, are some of tho
up-to-date features of this valuable ac
count of business arithmetic. The Ideas
to short-cuts aro wisely worked out.
250 pages.
Whitehead f onentlon of Aurllnn Bridge.
by Wilbur C Whitehead, and dlled r
R. F. Foster, $1.55. Frederick A. Hmaee
Co., New York City.
Mr. Foster writes from tho Savagn
Club, London, under date of April. 114.
Tho book Is new and up to date, and
Is the first and last word about auction
bridge. It has diagrams in two colors.
Bunt the Slipper, by (iller M.i.1 llufffar.
fSM, John Lau Co., New York City.
A diverting novel of England and
New York, where the principal nvitlf
is a search for an heir who suddenlv
lnherlts a fortune. Portland, Or., I
mentioned on pages) 21 and 35.. but tho
reference Is fragmentary.
JOSEPH M. Ql'ENTIN.
WOMAN SWIMS HUDSON
Mrs. I'lorii Mud-, n Kl-U- Life on
Hare to Win New Hul.
STONY POINT, N. Y.. July 13. Dared
by her husband. Mrs. Flora Madsen.
years old, swam a mile and a quarter
from Stony Point across I he Hudson
River to the eaal shore near Crugers,
and won' a new hst a few days ago.
She is the second woman to awlm tha
Hudson within a year. Mia Marauerit
O'Shaughnessy crossed from Yon Kern to
Alpine last Summer, but tho rlvr Is
only a mllo wide thorn.
Recent experiment Indicate that the
muddy taste in some fish, which has
been attributed to tho water In which
they live, is duo to certain aquatic
plants that they eat
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Samples Free by Mail
utlcura m.its and Otnlmtal MM I
wrtd. Liberal samplr of aaeh mtl! free wttH -.
oe. Address CuUcora. ' Dm 15H. Booa.