FLYING MACHINE
OUSTING (MLBY
Remarkable Lessons Are Be
ing Learned at British
Army Exercises.
FOOD FOR THOUGHT GREAT
Is Knjrllsli Military Force Helpless
and I'nable to Move for Luck of
lliir-rn, as France Feara and
(.rrtnuny Pretends?
BY CAPTAIN C. WIENER.
LuNlJti.V, Dec. SO. (Special) The
Uritljh army exercise as the military
maneuvers tills year are officially
htyled, have ended.
." The arlons. of which over a score
were In use. behaved admirably, as did
thre airbhips, hut these last to a far
irser decree. As predicted more than
four years a.'", the ca bag will be an
anomaly fn military work in ten years.
This is being more widely acknowl
edged anion; expert every day and
miy v.-ell Kive the German Emperor
and Count Zeppelin food for profound
thought.
It is admitted that the information
procured by air by the Invading brown
force against the skeleton cadres of
the uis-osing whites was accurate, do
tal eU and extremely useful The
white.-. who had a predominating
trenih in aircraft, showed that If
arlons do not yet take the place of
cavalry for security and information,
they certainly obtain accurate and val
uable news of the disposition, strength
and whereabouts of their own and the
hostile forces lung before cavalry ever
could, and that generally the fourth
arm hus become an absolute necessity
to any pouer fighting on the plains of
Europe. '
. o Cause for Alarm Seen.
A good dcul of attention has been
coin entrated vn various sensational
1 uruors that have flashed across Europe
and tlie l lined states to the effect that
t.ie iitirso uoppiy of the British army
is hoj-lt:iy inadequate and that all
the best young nurses in England, ire
iand and tv.-onand have been secretly
snapped up by Uermany and Belgium.
The ButUn military authorities, with
the exper.eni'e of these exercises oe
uvnd tnt';, t.tiil hold that there is no
caiiuti for alarm.
Trie horse surply of an army has to
he considerou uiiut-r two entirely dif
it-rent cotiuuioits. i here Is the ques
tion of the maintenance of cue peace
establishment in peace time, and tnere
is the it. .sin of the peace establish
ments to v.-ur establishments on mobili
zation. The first proposition is merely the
buying "f some 3uu young horses each
year. This is a impc matter, and the
British army authorities declare they
have the cvmmar.d -of the market and
are in no way hampered by the action
of ;oriia-n buyers. Horse production is
a iradt. and the moie foreigners buy.
the inoie liorse-l-reeders thrive. The
army purchases eacli year are but a
urop in the British horfce trade, which,
had it not oeen for foreign buyers,
wouli navo suffered severely from the
aivei:L of the auto. Thus foreign buy
ers are ti'.c best fciends that the horse
trade, and. incidentally, the iii itish
army have.
Draft l:tre May Be lard.
After all. the draft horse of civil
life Is as fit to perform the work of
artilleiy or transport as the doctor or
the baker Is to perforin his trade for
an army in war. For this reason the
regular British cavalry will have es
tablishments so high that they will
practically mobilize from tneir own re
sources. Thi' yeomanry can only be
fitted out on' mobilization with horses
trained to saddle. That is one of the
defects of a second line cavalry In a
country where there are few yeoman
farmers w ho oin or will serve. -
for mobilization in Kngland on a
scalo less than a national emergency
there exists tile army horse reserve,
vhiih should number 25, 000. with an
artu.il strength of I'l.oOO, and which
probably will increase to 25,000 by the
end of tne year. These are horses
which. In return for a retaining fee,
are -under contract to be delivered at
4 8 hours' notice, whenever any portion
of the army reserve Is called up. There
is a 1150 penalty for each failure. The
fees paid vary from S2.60 a year for
a transport horse to 920 for an artillery
horse (the vanishing class).
In future the heavy draft horse pro
ably will be largely used for all army
transport vehicles, which will reduce
the total requirements and tap a class
of horses little affected as yet by autos.
COUNT WINS SINGER-BRIDE
Aristocratic Soloist Engaged to Wed
Kobert Bentlnck. "
. IaNDOX. Dec 20. (Special.) All
eutgements are announced as inter
esting, but one which 1s not yet an
nounced and to which certain Interest
does attach Is that betwee Lady Norab
.Noel and Count Robert Bentinck.
Ljirty Xorah Noel toured with the
Sheffield Choir on a memorable occa
sion when it went through the United
States and Canada around the world,
and the tour offered the rather unusual
spectacle of a leading lady chaperoned
by her brother, the eldest eon of a peer.
lxrd Camden accompanied his sister!
who la possessed of a fine voice, trained
at Dresden, and whose greatest desire
was to try her luck on the operatic
stage, -a wish which her father. Lord
Gainsborough, had promised to gTatlfy
"some day." That . some day la now
likely to be.
ouni nuotn nentinck Is a young
man wirn serious interests, ills family
is the Continental branch of the Bent
lnck family, which achieved fame and
'Dukedom In this country.
SWISS BRIDES EXAMINED
-Kit Subject" to Marry Is Aim of
Society in Geneva.
GENEVA. Dec 10. (Special.) The
Society of Public Utility for Women,
which has branches in all the chief
Swiss towns, started a campaign last
year on new and daring lines. They
demanded that young women before
marriage should be medlcallv examined
to prove that they are "fit subjects" to
marry. T.-.e society urged young
women to undergo the ordeal for the
sake of themselves, their future hus
bands, and for their country.
At present the society -hopes only to
make the measure voluntary, but it la
trying to Interest the Cantonal author
ities with a view of making it com
pulsory In the near future. Many girls
a'ready have accepted the advice of the come widely read In Western litera
oclety, and will thus become "cer- tare, and every Chinese student is now
tfcated brides." J
PORTUGAL EETTJENS TO FOEMiIb YOUTHFUL MONARCH AND
HIS MOTHER MANY PALACE CUEIOS.
,1' '- '--.. : ' ii',l
FROM LEFT TO HIOHT KIXO
MASI KI. A.D KX-QIEE.X MARIE
MANUEL GETS GOODS
Portugal Finally Decides
Honor Deposed King.
to
n a nr i nKI IIMTOIlPUrn!
PALAUh LUNu UH 1 OUuriuU;
But Now Xecessidntles Home of I'or.
nier KulcrS Would Xot Be liocog
nizecil Mother's Boudoir Thick
With Ilust, Mirrors Broken.
MY V. PERC1VAL.
tlSBON. Dec. 20. (Special.) The
Portuguese republic has now agreed
to send ex-King Manuel all the ar
ticles In the Necessidades Palace which
could not be regarded as property of
the state. As a consequence, for somt
days expert packers from London havo
oeen preparing them for shipment by
se..
Seven pantechnicon loads of furni
ture, draperies, bric-a-brac, books from
the private library, and even chandeliel
fittings already have been dispatched
to Twickenham under the watchful
tyes of republican guards, who first
checked and ticketed every article.
Until this great clearance began, the
palace stood exactly as-the King and
his mother left it three years ago.
Nothing was touched, not even the il
lustrated papers in the King s study.
Home All raaigtd Xov.
King Manuel would recognise with
difficulty the interior of his altered
home. Tapestried walls are stripped
to the raw wood, and priceless old
paneling has vanished. His mother's
boudoir is thick with dust, and the
silk hangings faded and soiled beyond
repair. Here and there you find a
shattered mirror, with a bullet Im
bedded in the wall behind, or a door
way knocked askew by a chance shell.
I went Into the King s little bed
room. There was the narrow rencn
bed, exactly as I saw it a few hours
after the King's flight the mono-
grammed pillows still piled at the head,
and the white blankets rolled back at
the foot as Pom Manuel tossed them
when his equerry awoke him to tell
him that he had lost his throne.
This bed remains the property of the
republic, blankets, pillows and all.
Everything else has gone from the
room chairs, dressing table, pictures.
In the modest bathroom adjoining I
found a workman wrapping up the
King's shaving stand and mirror. He
stopped long enough to come into the
bedroom, sit down on the bed, and tell
me of the past glories of Necessidades,
of the army of servants, the ex-King's
hobbles, of little intimate details of
his home life. He spoke with a cer
tain guarded affection.
Qaeem'a Masle Wrapped.
The music-room was distinguishable
only by piles of Queen Amelia's music
(many of the volumes and loose sheets
contained the names of personal
friends), each bundle wrapped loosely
with twine.
I walked down a servants' corridor,
and found a set of electric bell indi
cators on a wall near the ex-King's
apartments. The white disc that in
dicated his-bedroom was shown. The
King had rung for a servant that last
morning of his reign and the Indicator
had not been touched since.
Piles of china incumbered the white-
and-gold state dining-room, and the
I Mt.&W " " i ll I
I i:'V'Kr p . t ; I -it
uncovered tables (broad strips of un- poorest families will use it for light
painted deal of trestles for the guests),' Ing purposes In place of petroleum. It
were still ranged In position. The :
remnants of the palace pictures lay
against the walls, most of them medi
ocre, some of them excessively bad.
Dust lies thick on the. hundreds of
copper utensas in the glass-roofed
kitchens. Many of these utensils are
being sent to Fulweil Park. There
were the aprons of the chefs, just as
they had cast them off, and in a
drawer of a little table was the menu
of a dinner that was never served.
CHINESE GROWTH RAPID
Bryce's "American Commonwealth"
Now Becomes Classic.
PEKIN. Dec. 20. The Chinese trans
lation of Bryce's "American Common
wealth." has become a classic in this
country, a fact whlah accounts for the
close copying by the new Chinese Gov
ernment of American political Institu
tions. Young China already has be-
familiar with the works of Rousseau, 1
TIIF SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND,
f
. ;
AI.KO0, OF SPAIXt M.
AMELIE, OF PORTICAL,
"frtci"'i!ou, Spencer, Huxley. Darwin.
Ttl nnd Adam t'mith through the zne-":-
ci excellent translations.
Thd CMne&e always have been a liter
ary ieilo, and since the abolition of the
literary examinations of the ancient
eviiiie in "hf::Hse classics, they have
chrosvn themselves into the study of
!a.v wfth astounding energy. Standard
t-xl bookp in Chinese pchoois and col
trps consist of Bryce's "American
'cm mon wealth," Lowell's "Govtrn
nicnts and Pp.rties in Continental Eu
rone,' and Burgess "Political Science
and Comparative Constitutional Law."
In almost every Chinese homo may
Iouri ngni literature translates
from every European language. Scott's
ivanhoe and Stevenson a "Treasure
Island" are popular favorites. It is said
tt'Mt a total of 2000 different books by
Jhe best authors of America and Eu
rope have been translated into Chinese.
While there is no translation of Shakes
peare, every schoolboy in China has a
ft a nee to know the bard from Lamb's
"Tales ot Shakespeare."
SiGEBU 6H0WING FIST
(.1IK.IT HOUDK 5WKBPIXO ACROSS
BOKUKR 1XTO CHINA.
Omsk Inteads to Become .Modern City,
as la Indicated by Condition of
Streets Prosperity Seen.
PEKIN, Dec. 20 The City of Omsk.
Siberia, has become the outfitting point
tor an extraordinary migration, esti
mated at 2,000,000 people annually,
which pours into the country border
ing on Mongolia. Notwithstanding of
ficial denials, it is known that this
great horde is sweeping across the
border into Chinese territory.
Nothing in Kurope or Asia has ever
been quite so like the springing up of
the great cities of the American Middle
West as is the growth today of new
towns in Siberia. Except that the tide
is moving east Instead of west the
movement has many parallels to the
wonderful migration which won the
West for America. There are, however,
two striking differences. The first is that
the pioneering Is comparatively lux
urious compared to the American move
ment, while the natives Instead of be
ing swept aside are being absorbed by
intermarriage with the settler.
The 10-day Journey up the Irtish
River from Omsk Into the promised
land Ib made by steamboats which are
the last word in luxury and conven
ience of river traffic It is by no means
a monotonous Journey, aa the river
banks swarm with wild fowl and. four
footed game, while the scenery in many 1
places is wonacriui.
That Omsk Intends to become a
modern city as soon as possible la In
dicated by the condition of her streets.
In the business section of the town,
sewers, gas mains, and underground
telegraph- and telephone wires are be
ing installed, while' streetcar track
layers are working over the heads of
the diggers. Similar work la being
done in many other of the new Slberr
ian jowns, and, so prosperous are these
places, that not a single bond issue
has yet been necessary to carry on
the work of municipal improvement.
American harvesting machinery and oil
companies are active in this section,
and an American corporation has un
dertaken a contract to build grain ele
vators from one end of the Trans-Siberian
Railroad to the other.
ELECTRICITY SOON CHEAP
roorest of Families of Berlin to Be
Cooking by Current.
BERLIN, Dec 20 Electricity will
soon be so cheap in Berlin that the
win oe usea even ir cunning aim neai-
Ing because no kind of fuel will be
able to compete with It.
This material reduction in price is
promised by the company which sup
plies the city with Its electrical cur
rent. Some time ago it acquired lands
with extensive deposits of lignite or
brown coal, at Bitterfield. 83 miles
south of Berlin, and decided to build a
power plant there to generate electric
ity for Berlin. Upon further explora
tion, however, the deposit of lignite
turned out to be so enormous that the
company determined to build a plant
large enough to supply, all the towns
within a radius of about 100 miles.
This embraces the greater part of Sax
ony, where manufacturing towns are
numerous, and the Thurlngian states aa
far west as Goths. The plant will go
as far as is now possible In turning
coal directly and economically into
electricity. The lignite, which will
be mined largely by machinery, will
be hoisted from the shafts directly to
the boilers by automatic elevators and
fed Into the fireboxes automatically.
The company thtnks that It has an
ample supply of lignite for nearly 100
years.
s J I
EUGEN1STS SCORE
ROYAL MARRIAGES
King George and Queen Mary
Puzzled About Matrimonial
Plans for Princess.
SPIRIT OF REVOLT VIEWED
Lessons of Keccnt. Royal Scandals
Taken Seriously to Heart Sym
pathies of Public at Large Gen
erallj With Emperor Joseph.
LONDON, Dee. 20. (Special.) It
cannot have escaped notice that the
modem Princess is as deeply touched
by the modern spirit of revolt as the
militant suffragette.
The sad suicide of Princess Sophia,
of Saxe-Wetmar because her family
would not let her marry young Hans
von Bleichroeder is only one of the
latest and most tragic manifestations
of this spirit of rebellion which has
rapidly gained force In recent years In
almost every royal family. on the con
tlnent of Europe.
King George has had his troubles In
this respect just like Queen Victoria
and King Edward had; and It is clear
to people in royal circles that sooner
or later the ancient rule which stamps
a royal Princess as a member ot
Riinerinr caste, and forbids her to mar'
i-y outside a charmed imperial, royal,
or srand ducal circle, will have to be
swept out of existence. And any rrin
oess will have to be free. If she chooses,
to marry any plain commander or any
American millionaire.
Francis Gribble Talks.
Francis Gribble, the biographer of
dead European monarchs and the re-
vealer of many a grisly skeleton in
royal cuuboards. is keen on this point
and he calls to his aid the eugenist
who knows beyond disproof how these
arranged royal marriages usually mean
unions between two near relatives and
consequent Insanity or disaster. Par
ticularly he cites the annals of the
ancient house of Hnpsburg.
"The sympathies of the public at
large are generally with the Austrian
Emperor Francis Joseph," he points
out. "It pictures him" as a most un
fortunate old gentleman, whose rela
tives are perpetually disgracing him
by their matrimonial caprices ana
nnnks. Do what he will, it seems he
can hardly get a single one of them
In these latter times to marry a person
of 'equal birth.
"The widow of the Crown Prince
Rudolph Archduchess Stephanie in
curred the Emperor's displeasure by
marrying a Hungarian nobleman. Count
Lonyay. One of the kmperor s grand
daughters came to r.lm with the con
fession that happiness was out of the
question for her unless she was al
lowed to marry young Otto von "Windi
schgraetz; while another of them gave
her heart, and then insisted upon giv
ing her hand, to the Baron von See
fried, a mere Lieutenant in the Ba
varian -Cavalry.
List Long Enough.
"The list Is long enough, though It
is not complete; and much pity has
been lavished on Francis Joseph on the
strength of facts set forth in it. 'How
sad for him' people say. 'So many mes
alliances. He must feel as if there was
a skeleton in every cupboard in the
house.'
"But the eugenists know better. The
eugenists say. quite frankly, that the
Hapsburgs are 'degenerates, and they
attribute that degeneracy, with equal
frankness, to that 'inbreeding' which
has, in the course of centuries, perpetu
atcd and accentuated both physical and
mental family taints. As Dr. Gallppe
has put It 'The Hapsburgs of Spain
have long since been swept off the
stage of history, disappearing in ster
ility or Insanity. The Hapsburgs of
Austria, numerous though the repre
sentatives of the house are at the pres
ent time, will end by disappearing in
their turn, as an old historic family.
if they persist in their errors that is
to say, in their marriages with their
blood relations.
In England the matter will certainly
not be left where It is. It is an open
secret that King George and Queen
Mary are Just now gravely concerned
about the future of the Prince of Wales
and of Princess Mary and it may well
happen within the next few days that
King George will take a defTnlte line
upon the subject. He will then ex
press his public disapproval of this
system of intermarriages, with partic
ular reference to the matrimonial plans
afoot for his own children. ' He has
already spoken freely to this effect
to his Intimate friends In private.
There are Indications, too, that Fran-
els Joseph, In his later years, has come
to saner and more-tolerant views of
royal marriages. He seems, at any
rate, to have come to realize, albeit
rather late In life, that the restrictions
on royal families in the -pursuit of
happiness, and that If they cannot be
altogether removed, they misht, at
least, be modified with advantages.
And King George and Emperor Fran
cis between them can do a great deal
to alter the present marriage rules in
the royal families of Europe.
WOMAN HOLDS HER HOUSE
Order for Eviction of Irish Tenant
Met by Fortifying Place.
DUBLIN, Dec. 20. (Special.) An
amusing and unexpected sequel has oc
curred In regard to an attempted evic
tion in Ireland. .
Although Mr. Dawson, the owner of
a house at COotehill, obtained legal
permission to evict Mrs. O'Donohoe. his
tenant, that woman by a display of
violence, has managed to obtain a new
lease.
When the Sheriff's representative and
half a doxen policemen reached the
bouse, they found each window occu
pied by. determined people arai6d with
stones, while floating from the roof
were flags of all descriptions.
The dispute was settled without de
lay and the woman was again accepted
as a tenant of the bravely defended
house. i
WIZARD WORKS WONDER
Famous London Gynecologist Sur
prises Even Peerage.
LONDON. Dec 20. (Special.) The
recent birth of an heir to the peerage,
after a suspense of many years, is an
other feather in the cap of a famous
London gynecologist, who has achieved
so many similar successes.
The first case which brought him into
prominence was that of another dis
tinguished peeress who had long
yearned for a son and heir.
Tt is said that the medical wizard in
question can not only Insure the birth
of a child, but also can fix the sex be
forehand; a valuable gift in the case of
families requiring a son and heir.
DECEMBER 21, 1913.
i
PICTTTRED HIRE ABE TWO RULERS OP EUROPEAN COTJN
TEIE3.' WHO LOOK LIKE TWINS, BUT AREN'T,
i Vj?- - v ' -
LEFT TO
rS4rraus N rV$SAi I UJh$
oca & i
RIGHT CZAR NICHOLAS OF
GEORGE OF EXGtAXD.
JUDGES 1! STRIKE
Lively Scene Expected if De
mands Are Lost.
"SABOTAGE" IS PROPOSED
Requests to Be Made at Naples Meet
ing That Positions Shall Be Sim
plified Into Categories
With Pay Fixed.
ROME. Dec 20. (Special.) Lively
scenes are expected at the first national
congress of Italian Judges and Magis
trates, which Is to meet in Naples.
The official organ of the new reform
school of -Magistrates prints a short
Dractical programme of ends to attain
and the means for attaining them. The
adhering Judges demand the weeding
out of "numbskull," Incapable ana un
worthy administrators of justice, who,
they allege, constitute at least 20 per
cent of the Italian Magistracy.
They ask that the position of Judges
ehati nfmnlified into three cate
gories, with fixed minimum salaries of
J800, 1000 and 11200 per annum, witn
a system of free competition im yiu-
Should the Ministry of Justice refuse
to consider their plaint, it Is proposed
to resort "to "economic saDotage, con
.i,tin. nf o rie-irt annllcation of legal
procedure whereby Magistrates can cite
numerous supernuous wuLtm
whom the maximum' indemnity win i
accorded, throwing upon the public ex
chequer a heavy Durden or expenoe.
The Minister of Justice has been In
vited to the- sittings, but in the cir
cumstances he probably will not at
tend. ,
11 HELD SUPERIOR
FAIR SEX MORE HTJMAN THAN MAN,
SAYS LONDON LECTURER.
- ff.lr SIM UII U J " "
Material and Females Oat of Only
Best Stock, Says Doctor.
Ty--roM Dec. 20. (Special.) The
British suffragists are delighted with
, . .v.ot- ha nisr. oeen kivc"
---- , . , h
the Institute or riygiene '.r
famous British doctor a. x.
for they assert that It proves conclu
sively and scientifically that woman is
man's superior. Here are some oi us
principal points:
developed the woman.
both physically and morally, the more
marked the improvement
Whereas man's physique is no longer
as Important as it was. ror mouerii
inventions have replace unit
.h woman's body always is import
ant since she is the bearer of the com
ing race.
"Tk.i nature recognizes the greater
rr wnmen is nroved by the fact
thatdurlrg the siege of Paris, when the
population was badly iea or Bm.ii"6,
11 the .-hildren born were boys.
So yo'u see nature only makes girls of
good material, whereas she will make
boys of anything.
"AB-nln. if you come to consider tne
points which distinguish the human
species from the beasts, you will find
that women possess these to an extent
ore marked than men.
"jpnr inntance. a woman's ear Is more
human than a man's, and so is her low
er jaw as well as her skin. Nor is there
any animal wnose mn ie.
er than his third. Now you will find
that this Is the case with most women
nd certainly witn an gooa-ioomns
women."
nnailv a solution was furnished of
the problem- why a woman buttons her
coat from right to left, contrary to
man's custom.
Woman buttons towards me nearc
said Dr. Schofield. "Her -instinct is to
protect what she has. Man buttons the
other way because His instinct is to
rab."
BRIGANDS LOOTING CHINA
Manchuria Country Is Overrun by
- Robbers.
PEKIN. Dec 20. The recent ex
ploits of White Wolf, the robber chief
tain of Hupeh province, have drawn
attention generally to brigandage in r
i:i4 - . w: rty
V
i i
Wear
--- 11 IT 111"
Rl'SSIA AXD KING
China. At the present time it is being
pursued as a profession, with more or
less success, in several parts of the
country, and the old time method of
stopping a robber's depredation by giv
ing him a hijrh government post has
not always been successful.
In Mongolia a considerable band is
forming under an outlawed Mongol
Prince named Tao Shi-tao, apparently
cne of the numerous Mongol chieftains
whose extravagance has brought them
to ruin with Chinese money lenders.
Ilunghutze red haired robbers are
indigenous to Mongolia, and of these
Prince Tao Is reported to have col
lected 18.000 In Eastern Inner Mongo
lia to ravage the Manchurian and Chih
11 frontiers. An army has been sent
against him and more will doubtless
be heard of him.
In Manchuria there appears to be a
chronic state of brigandage as indeed
for 50 years past. But numbers of the
outlaws are being constantly taken
and executed.
At Puningy in Kiangsu province,
there is a well organized band whose
purposes are now indiscriminate killing
and robbing, bv4 the systematic de
spoiling of the rich. These men, how
ever, are being relentlessly pursued by
General Chang Hsun, who only a few
dnys ago caused the execution of 56 of
them at one time. -
In the south may be noted one Choo,
who tried unsuccessfully to loot Can
ton and fled to Fushau. Unfortunately
some of the soldiers sent against him
threw in their lot with him, and Choo
is at present driving a brisk business.
The immense distances, the wildness
of many regions of China, and the want
of even passable roads make it ex
tremely difficult to proceed success
fully against these bandits; and to
some extent China has always suffered
from such. But it cannot be ques
tioned that two years of revolution and
relaxed authority have given them ex
ceptional opportunities, and the terror
ism they exercise Is badly holding up
trade.
BiSTBOSTlilllSSil
GERMAN NEWSPAPERS AIR OPIN
IONS OF UNCLE SAM.
Correspondent Says People of Braall
and Arsrentlna Now Under Spell
of Roosevelt.
BERLIN, Dec 20. German newspa
pers are deeply distrustful of the atti
tude of the United States toward the
republics of South America. Articles
are published regularly in which Amer
ica is accused of cherishing the idea
of eventually establishing a protecto
rate over all South America, and with
the approach of the,, opening of the
Panama Canal their appearance Is be
coming more frequent A characteristic
article la published by the TageblaU
from Its correspondent at Buenos Ayres.
This correspondent says;
"South Americans are beginning to
perceive that with the opening of the
Panama Canal an era of economic and
political guardianship by the United
States, coupled with the forcing out of
Europe, will be Inaugurated in all the
20 Latin-American republics. This real
ization gained such ground lately that
It seemed necessary to the farsighted
Yankees to send their leading states
men on speaking tours, in order to dis
pel the suspicions of their sister re
publics. As a result the political op
ponents, Roosevelt and Wilson, have
united to defend the interests of the
Union and divert South American sus
picion upon Europe.
"Theodore Roosevelt interrupted his
triumphal propaganda trip to Buenos
Ayres at Rio de Janiero and sang there
an inspired song of praise of the Mon
roe Doctrine, the strict upholding of
which, he said, was a vital question for
all South American states. True to his
soothing purpose, he quietly abandoned
the aggressive, imperialistic form of
the doctrine as formulated by himself.
and said the Union had no thought of
territorial conquests, but had in mind
only a policy of mutual trust In the
sense of a Pan-American community of
interest directed against the Old World.
In spite of this, he claimed for the
Union the right to 'exercise the inter
national police power' against the
South American republics, in other
words, 'annexation,' In case the South
Americans should show themselves in
capable of upholding 'civilization.
Speaking further on his policy of leav
ing Europe out In the cold,- Roosevelt
declared that the 19th century was the
century of North American develop
ment and that the 20th belongs to
South America.
"In Brazil and Argentina the people
are Just now somewhat under the spell
of Roosevelt There is no lack, how
ever, of important South American per
sonages who see the Panama Canal and
the Yankee friendship In their true
light
During the fiscal year nearly 32,000 eras
ing permits were issued in the National
forests and more than 20.y00,0('0 head or
domestic animals were given advantages ot
the privilege. Out of . the vast number of
permits Issued only 144 case of grazing
trespass were observed.
COUNTESS ELOPES;
.WEDS . MERCHANT
Despised by Family, Elsa Se
renyi Aids Hsuband by
Gettina Job.
$20 MONTHLY IS SALARY
Da iir liter or Former Hnnjrarian Min
ister .Marries Man Who Kescued
Her From Convent Kxoitlng"
Life Story Told.
. BUDAPEST, Dec. 20. (Special.)
Great excitement has been caused here
by the escape of Countess Klsa Serenj .
the niece, of a former Hungarian Min
ister, from a convent near Vienna, and
her elopement with Herr Alfred Bader,
a merchant, w'hom she married in Lon
don. ,
It had been represented that the
Countess was of weak mind and sanc
tion was obtained to have her plucid
under guardianship.
Telling the stury of her adventurous
life, she says that she was put in a.
convent when she was 7 years of age.
Seven years ago her parents forced
her into marriage tfiat turned out lo
be unhappy. She became separated
from her husband and shortly after
wards lost liiy little son.
Entering a sanatorium, she made the
acquaintance of Herr Bader and tell
in love with him, but her relatives op
posed a marriage with the merchant
and had her placed In a convent. Lator
her father had her taken to Duka, in
Hungary, and urged her to many a
Count, threatening to put her in aa
nsylum if she did not fultU his wishes.
On her refusal to marry the Count She
was put in the convent, from which her
sweetheart rescued her.
A young man took a letter to Herr
Bader and when the Inmates of the
convent were asleep the Countess en
tered the garden, climbed over the
wall, jumped into an auto and was
driven to Vienna. Herr Bader took hor
to London, where the marriage took
place.
The couple then returned to Vienna
and tried to obtain the forgiveness of
the Countess' parents, but without suc
cess. Her father took action against
lier husband for abducting her, but
nothing came of It ileaiwhile doc
tors declared that she was of weak in
tellect and her relatives, acting on this
report, sought to have her marrias
annulled. I
The Countess and. her husband ttif.n
traveled to Zurich, where she placed
herself under the observation of two
mental specialists, who found that her
Intellect was normal.
She has given up all hope of obtain
ing her father's forgiveness. Her hus
oand is now connected with several
lVcnna firms and she herself has ob
tained a position in an office and earns
a salary of J30 a month.
mm courts agtp.e
NEARLY 6,000,000 LAWSUITS FOUGHT
. OCT YEARLY.
Cost, Both In Time and Money, Is
. Enormous, Lawyers Pay Run
ntng to V',500,000 Annually.'
BERLIN, Dec. 20. Nearly 6,Q00,000
lawsuits are fought out in the Ger
man courts yearly. This number does
not include criminal cases; the myriad
of proceedings to recover a penalty,
nor the quasi-criminal actions brought
for insult etc The figures mean
roughly one Tawsuit 'for every 11th
person in the empire, counting women
and children, and since each suit in
volves at least two persons, the pro
portion Is much greater, even allowing
for the fact that many persons are
chronic litigants, conducting a number
of lawsuits at the same time.
These facts are made the basis for
an article In a current German publica
tion by a Dortmund jurist He refers
to the situation as a "lawsuit plague,'
and says it demands more victims year
ly than does tuberculosis. The cost,
both in time and money, is enormous.
A case which goes to the Imperial Su
preme Court requires at least three
and one-half years for final disposal.
Costs In two courts In a suit for an
object valued at' not more than $13
amount to $20; for an object worth up
to $120, the cost is $115. Germans pay
to lawyers each year $7,500,000 in ac
tions on account, involving - $12,500.
000, in cases where the debt is not de
nied. In the. so-called collegial courts, that
is, courts presided over by two or more
judges and corresponding roughly to
American courts of record, parties to
the suit may not represent themselves,
but are compelled to engage attorneys.
This is true even in the case of liti
gant attorneys themselves.
The author of the article In question
cites a case which Is, he declares, by
no means unusual- One farmer sued
another to compel the return of a saw.
The trial court decided in favor of the
plaintiff, and the case was appealed.
In the meantime the saw was lost The
putative owner thereupon brought ac
tion to recover Its value. . xne panic
being unable to agree, an expert wit
ness was called, who testified that the
saw was worth 12 cents. The process
lasted three years and the costs
amounted to more than $25. The
writer says it should be impossible to
set such ponderous machinery in mo
tion for trivial cases, and commenting
on this tendency In the German people
says: "The German Michael will sue
the shirt off his back in order to ob
tain a decree in black and white in the
King's name, setting forth his theoreti
cal rights." '
SERVIAN HER0 IS KILLED
General Ansberg Mirza Dies on Hon
eymoon at Hands of Wife.
ST. PETERSBURG, Dec. 20. (Spe-
clal )' General Atisberg Mirza, of the
Servian Army, died upon his honey
moon In Russia at the hands of his
wife, a beautiful Bulgarian.
Engaged to the woman before tle
recent hostilities. In the course of
which he repeatedly distinguished him
self, the General, as soon as he could
he spared from his military duties,
married her.
Political disagreements, however,
! I, .llcff.H that Hiirjnr
arose, . - - '
an angry outburst, which had racialism
for Its basis, tne wire raurucieu hci
husband. Assuming the population of the United
States to be 100,000, uuu, one man out of
every 40 ones his means of livelihood and
usefulness in some degree to Sdisoo. -