THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN. rORTLAND. jlAV 13, 1913.
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rORTLAND. SVNDAY. MAY II. !'
MH A LACE FUR MAYOR.
The Oresor.lan will support Mr. H.
R. Albee tor Mayor of Portland. It
has no hesitation In commending; him
to the favorable consideration of the
voters of the city, and It will under
take from time to time to rive reasons
why in the present situation he Is to
be preferred to any other candidate !n
the field. No consideration but the
welfare of Portland ought to influence
any citUen or any newspaper In de
riding on a candidate for Mayor. On
that basis. The Oregonlan is for Mr.
Albee.
The need of Portland now. more
than at any previous time. Is for men
of character, stamina and experience
in public office. The responsibilities
Imposed upon a Mayor by the char
ter are large, varied and onerous; and
the duty of the people as a whole to
bury any minor difference that may
exist among themselves In the effort to
do the best that may be dono la clear.
The merit of Mr. Albee, Judged from
his character, his record and his pub
lic ridges, it Is impossible for The
Oregonlan or any one la Ignore; and
the promise his candidacy gives of
placing at the helm of the municipal
ity for four years a Just, Intelligent
and capable pilot is obvious.
- Mr. Albee Is a straightforward man,
with an admirable private history" and
an excellent . public record. He has
convictions and he stands by them.
He has duties, and he performs them.
He has Ideals, and he strives to live
up to them. . He has patriotism, and It
Inspire and guides him. He has
knowledge of public affairs, and he
would make it available to the com
munity. He has a kern sympathy with
his fellow men, atid he wou!d help
them. '
' The development of Mf. Albee from
an everyday business man into an im
portant force in our municipal affairs
has been a not exceptional phenome
non In the life of good American citi
zens. In a more or less conspicuous
way,, he has for several years been
Identified with various practical move
ments for the social uplift and for
political progress. He has not been
obtrusive In his opinions nor offen
sive In his actions; but he has stead
fastly supported the principles which
he favored and has been ready to re
spond to any appropriate call to pub
lic sen-ice. He Is no puritan, no fa
natic; but he has had a'keen under
standing of the dangers and vicissi
tudes which beset young and old In
every American city, and he has taken
a sensible and wholesome view of the
various reforms proposed to alleviate
them. He has not at any time ac
commodated his opinions to expedi
ency or personal profit; and he has
not sought desirable ends by impos
sible methods, nor Joined in any
scheme of Irrational denunciation for
mere purposes of agitation and ex
ploitation. He has a high and Just
conception of the dignity of the law
and the necessity of law-ohservance;
and he has an abiding aspiration to
require the lawless to obey the law
and the decency-defying and seml
crlmlnal elements to be subjected to
rational supervision and control. We
are sure that Mr. Albee as Mayor
would precipitate no so-called moral
crusade without- a practicable and
helpful solution for perplexing prob
lems or without a plan to fix
the responsibility for vice and for
social excesses where It belongs and
to lighten the burden upon the more
or less helpless victims of personal
misfortunes or 'of unhappy conditions.
He has a sane and sympathetic ap
preciation of things as they are. No
man or woman who obeys the law
need fear him as Mayor; and no one
who desires to know and obey it will
be turned away by him without kind
ness, charity and help.
Mr. Albee Is & sound business man.
who will have no great difficulty in
maintaining himself at the head of a
good business administration, and he
is enough of a politician of the right
sort to understand the bearing and
application of correct political prin
ciples to the affairs of the city. He
has been identified with the Progres
sive party; but he has already made it
clear that party politics will be given
no thought by him as a public offi
cer, so that party will not in any way
be served or promoted. The com
mission charter provides that party
designation shall be eliminated in all
candidacies under its "terms; and its
policy is that the public shall make
its selections of Mayor and Commis
sioners without reference to party
affiliations. . In that spirit Mr. Albee
has orfered his cnndldacy. and has
pledged himself to the public Interests.
In that spirit also The Oregonlan sup.
ports him and invites all eltizens to
Join In the effort to elect him.
The man who buys the collection
known as Mrs. Lincoln's "bitter let
ters" at auction In New York next
week will do his country patriotic ser
hv burn ins: the lot at' once. They
only reveal the worry and suffering.
of a hysterical woman. That her rea
son was not unsettled permanently
was not for lack of cause. At this
time, half a century after, her words
should be forgotten.
VX PREPAREDNESS.
Not a soldier must be moved, not a
warship maneuvered, not a single war
preparation made. The State Depart
ment doesn't wish It done, and since
the State Department Is playing the
leading role in the present controversy
with Japan, necessary orders have
been Issued by the War and Navy de
partments. Nothing even suggestive
of a preparatory mote must be made
during the negotiations with our some
what petulant neighbor across the Pa
cific. Evidently the presiding genius of
the State Department wishes to main
tain Democratic precedent and Demo
cratic military ideals to the very end.
Unpreparedness seems to be a sort of
hobby with the Democrats, and espe
cially with the small-navy-dove-of-Deace
variety, such as Mr. Bryan.
There seems little probability of aJ
war with Japan. Still why should
the - duty of preparedness be re
nounced?. Do the Democrats wish to
remain consistent to the end, and in
event we are ever attacked leave us
hopelessly unfitted to meet the emer
gency? Why should we renounce the
right to maneuver or mobilize our
scattered fleet as a purely precau
tionary matter, should we see It?
Why should we fail to reinforce the
garrisons at Hawaii should it be
deemed of strategic expedience? Why
should we keep stored in arsenals am
munition and equipment manufac
tured for use at coast garrisons?
Even though we do not anticipate
trouble with Japan, it is foolish to an
nounce to the world that we will do
nothing to improve our pitifully un
prepared state. The subject need not
have been referred to at all. The
fact that It was probably came as a
subconscious expression of the Demo
cratic policy of un preparedness.
' YAPS IN" OFFICE.
We confess that we are unable to
accept the reasoning of our progres
sive friend In the state of Washington,
the Yakima Republic. The Republic
predicts that the new charter will re
sult in putting the "yaps" on guard in
official affairs to some extent "but that
the situation will be improved because
under the new system public officials
will be responsible to the people and
it will be easier to get rid of them if
they don't suit." The new system, we
are told, will not make the people any
better, but it will put fear-of the lord
Into the hearts of the office holders and
will make it easier for the people to
change things when they need fixing.-
We suspect that a people who will
elect a yap to office will be satisfied
with a yap administration. If the
charter will -not make such people any
better they will not try to get rid of
him. But If we are mistaken In trjls
suspicion we have adopted a cumber
some and costly mode of securing ef
ficiency In office, according to the Yak
ima Idea. If our contemporary's pre
diction be fulfilled we are doomed to
elect a few unfits, but as soon as they
demonstrate their unfitness the people
will arise in their might and recall
them. Thus two elections will be nec
essary and the public will have to suf
fer for all the discreditable things the
yap may accomplish while In office
before we shall have a proper set of
Commissioners. Our friend across the
lino can put more gloom Into an op
timistic article than anybody we can
think of at the moment.
But perhaps the Republic believes
that responsibility will cure a yap of
being a yap. If This be true, the public
is wasting a great amount of money
and endeavor in maintaining a. public
school system, in training young men
for particular vocations and In paying
in private enterprises high salaries to
employes who have had special train
ing and experience. The short cut to
perfect, service Is the placing of re
sponsibility on the individual which
is far too easy and simple to be true.
The flaw.in many propagandas for
reform In government is their failure
to recognize that the election of crooks
to office Is not the only fault that
must be corrected or prevented. We
may devise a form of government
which will cause the dishonest offi
cial to be afraid to do wrong, but re
sponsibility, publicity, recall provi
sions and the like will not cure a dull
wit. The real hope of commission
government Is that it will enlarge the
sense of responsibility of the people
also. It concentrates their Interests in
the hands of a few men. The people
must see that these men are equipped
for their duties, else the charter will
fall far short of the mark set for It
by Its ardent friends.
AS OTHER NATIONS SEE IT.
Those who are In a glow of enthusi
asm over the 100 years of peace be
tween the United States and Great
Britain, marked by the coming cen
tenary of the treaty of Ghent, and who
regard this celebration as the harbin
ger of universal arbitration, would do
well to take sober second thought.
They would be wise to consider why
the arbitration propaganda is confined
to the United States, Great Britain,
France and the smaller nations of Eu
rope and America, and why the other
great military powers are either In
different or treat the peace advocates
with derfclon.
The three chief nations which favor
arbitration have about all the territory
thev want! None of them desires to
seize territory from any other of the
three, or for that -matter from . any
other whatever. They have their
hands full, and will be content to keep
what they have. If they can induce
other nations to enter into arbitration
treaties, they can feel secure In their
possesions, for no tribunal w'ould be
likely to question existing titles and
take'terrltory from one nation to give
It to another.
But how will this strike the na
tions which have not secured all they
would like to have, with' boundaries
that are. In their minds, movable? Take
Germany for example. A nation of
abounding energy and prolific popula
tion, she only found herself as a nation
a little more than forty years ago. At
that time all the Juicy plums of terri
tory had already been picked up by
one of the great colonizing nations,
and the United States warned her
away from the American continent
with the Monroe doctrine. But Ger
many Is growing too big for her
clothes. Expansion in Europe is im
possible. Only by seizing and colon
izing; the waste and barbarous coun
tries can she find room for her surplus
people, Austria has greedy eyes on
the Balkan peninsula, particularly on
fhe Adriatic coast and on an outlet to
Salonlca. Italy would like to follow
up her conquest of Tripoli by attack
ing a few of the Aegean Islands.
Were not the Austro-German alli
ance deemed necessary to her safety,
Italy would like to seize Italia Irre
denta from Austria, nor has she for
given France for taking the Riviera.
Russia has never placed a limit to her
ambition for more territory; she will
take all she can grab. The 3alkaii
states have Just begun to feel their
strength, and will be content with
nothing short of what they can con
fitipr .Tartan Ik Drobably only resting
and recuperating before taking more
of China. Yuan Shi vai may equip
the Chinese Republic to re-take Man
churia from Russia and Japan, and
Mongolia from Russia.
As a last resort, there Is but one
means by which these nations can gain
their desire: that Is war. If the peace
loving nations rebuke them for such
barbarism, they may reasonably re
tort: "How did you get your territory,
except by w-ar? You ask us to con
firm title to all you hold and to end
for ever the game of grab by which
you got rich. You propose to play
v.. xhonihnv e-ame. 'havers Is keep
ers. " These nations which have so
far been left out in the game of grab
n.iuh tn r-anou.- It at the first favor
able opportunity. They regard acqui
sition of certain territory as a mat
ter of vital interest, gathering under
the national flag of all people of their
nationality as a point of national
honor.
Arbitration of all international dis
putes Is a beautiful Ideal for the world
to set before itself, but it cannot be
realized until all nations have got
what they want and no nation has
what some other nation is determined
t.ifA Tn thA meantime wise states
men will strive persistently for peace
while Keeping reaoy tor war.
ALL HOLIDAYS OX MONDAY.
A novel proposition has found favor
in New York to celebrate all holidays
on the Monday nearest the date set by
law. Thus, Memorial day would be
celebrated on Monday, June 2, instead
of Friday, May 30, and Independence
day on Monday, July 7, Instead of Fri
day, July 4.. The particular objection
Is to holidays on .Friday, which are
followed by a day or half a day's
work on Saturday before an idle Sun
day. The Boot & Shoe Recorder puts
the argument for the change thus:
Some day the aheer common aanaa of thl
Idea will compel Its general adoption. Ninety-nine
people In a hundred would prefer
to have their extra, day of real and recrea
tion combined with Sunday'e rest, and. In
rase of Saturday noon closing, with the
Saturday afternoon added to the contlnn
ou period. Thla la particularly true In the
cltlea and town where the tendency la very
itront toward following- the aenilble English
fashion of setting out Into the country or
to the seashore for the wek-end.
Which does a sleepy man tho most good,
eight hours' contlnuoua sleep or sixteen half
hours with Intervening half hour of
waking?
As the custom of taking a Saturday
half-holiday la becoming general, this
Dronosed change would give two and
a half days' clear rest, similar to that
which the English take at the week
ends when bank holidays occur. This
would greatly encourage holiday pic
nics and excursions, such as are tne
rage in the Old Country" at holiday
times. It would promote rational out
door enjoyment.
We have long been open to the re
proach that we are slaves to money
making, and do not. allow ourselves
time to .enjoy the money we make.
The growing prevalence of the Satur
day half-holiday has done much to
free us from this reproach, but we
can well afford to go farther in the
same direction by promoting the week
end vacation. Then, there may be
fewer cases of nervous breakdown
through Incessant pursuit ef wealth as
an end rather than as a means to an
end the enjoyment of life In comfort
of mind and body.
WHAT IS A MAJORITY?
Several persons have heretofore
Informed The Oregonlan with alarm
that there Is a wicked jokerin the
paragraph "h" of section 23 of the
commission charter. This paragraph
Is in that part of the document which
sets forth the preferential plan of vot
ing for candidates. It reads as fol
lows: (h) When the word majority Is used in
thla section It shall mean the smallest num
ber In excess of one-half of tha quotient
obtained by dividing the total number of
first-choice votes for any office by the num
ber of otflcea to ba elected thereto.
The meaning of this section ought
to be clear to the person who reads It
carefully. It contains no mare's nest
But more as to that later. Here is
how an alarmed correspondent inter
prets it;
Take 1000 first-choice votes, divide by
four and you liave a quotient of 230. Dlvlda
thla quotient by two. split It In half, add
one whole number and you iav 128, and
this 128 conatltutea what the new charter
la pleased to call a "majority." and these
few votes will elect a Commissioner, regard
less of tha second and third-choice votes cast
for his opponent.
Some candidate might receive 124 first
choice votes and 800 second-choice votes,
making U2 votes, and still ba defeated by
a gangster polling 126 first-choice votes. If
you bava any doubts about this statement,
read the last paragraph of section 23.
Let there ba light. Turn on the calcium.
Tell the people where they may locate, tha
Senegamblan. Enough of bunk and bam
boozle. The trouble encountered by the
writer of the foregoing and many oth
ers who read a similar meaning into
the paragraph is that they do not dis
tinguish between the words "votes"
and "voters." This correspondent
takes 1000 first-choice votes for the
basts of his example, and presumably
he Is thinking of Commissioners. But
there are four. Commissioners to be
elected, and every voter is supposed to
vote for four. One thousand first
choice votes therefore represent the
ballots of only 250 voters, and a ma
jority of 250 is 126. No candidate
could receive 800 second-choice votes,
as the correspondent asserts, because
only 250 voters cast ballots and no
voter can register more than one
choice for a single candidate. The
hypothetical candidate ,who gets 124
first-choice votes from a total of 250
voters could not possibly receive more
than 126 second-choice votes because
the 124 who give him their first-choice
votes could not give him their second
choice votes. There would be only
126 qualified to vote for him on sec
ond choice, in the illustration pre
sented by the correspondent.
Lest the matter still be not clear
to some. The Oregonlan will state it
in another way. It Is probable that
50,000 men and women will vote in the
coming election. If no voters neglect to
vote first choice for four Commission
ers .there will be cast 200,000 first
choice votes. Dividing 200.000 by four
4the number of officers to be elected)
gives a quotient of 50,000. The smallest
number in excess of one half of 60,000
Is 25,001. If this estimate of the vote
to be cast Is correct, no candidate for
Commissioner can be elected on first
choice unless he receives 25,001 votes.
He who receives that number of first
choice votes will be the first choice
of an actual, not an arbitrary, ma
jority of the men and women voting.
If four Commissioners do not receive,
each, 25,001 or more first-choice votes,
then' the second-choice votes will be
added to the first-choice votes. Those
who then have the highest number I
combined votes in excess of 2M01, i
any, will be elected. If there-are none,
the third-choice votes will be added to
first . and second-choice votes. The
four who then, have the highest num
ber of combined votes over 25,001 will
be elected. If still there are none,
the four candidates having the highest
number of combined, votes in other
words the largest pluralities counting
first, second and third choice will be
the successful ones.
... A MATTER OF DEFINITION.
It would be interesting to know ex
actly what Dr. Mark A. Matthews, of
Seattle, understands by the doctrine of
the "deity of Christ," of which he has
made so much at the Atlanta Assem
bly of the Presbyterian Church. A
TTAat IllO n ' TtOnnlfk hplleVft in the di
vlnity of the Savior who do not be
lieve in his "deity." Others believe
in his "deity" who deny that he ever
lived on earth. Professor William
Wenlamln Smith, the famous author
of "Ecce Deus," believes in the deity
nf tn lord. but he denies his his
toric reality. In his opinion, Jesus
was a heathen god, like Jupiter or
Osiris, who .never inhabited a material
body any more than these mythical
persons did.
The expression, "deity or ennst
has two radically different meanings,
both well known in the. learned world.
In one sense it means, as we have in
dicated, that he was a mere creation
of the myth-making faculty. In 'the
other It means that he was the sec
ond person of the Christian Trinity,
"very man and very God." Dr. Mat
thews is lamentably vague as to which
of these significations he favors. His
remarks would have been far more
edifying if he had defined his posi
tion in' a more scholarly manner.
As it stands, he leaves us the full
right to suppose that he -takes sides
with Professor William Benjamin
Smith and holds, with the ancient
Gnostic heretics, that Jesus never ap
peared on earth, except as a figment
of the imrination.
Tn that rase of course Dr. Matthews
denies the divinity of the Lord. The
phrase "divinity of Jesus" has no
i-nonnino- unless we acceDt his historic
reality and admit that he actually
wore human flesh. That sucn is ur.
Matthews' position . becomes all the
mnra nrnhahle when we read from his
Hps that the denial o the deity of
Christ is prima racle eviaence mat
a man has not been regenerated."' To
avnlflin this remark rationally we
seem obliged i to assume that Dr.
Matthews looks upon "regeneration
as part of the ancient ritualistic cere
mony connected with a mythical deity.
Unless a person accepts that particu
lar deity, Osiris. Jupiter, or what not,
he would naturally not perform the
ritual of his worship. No doubt this
tenet is part of the "supernatural
equipment" which Dr. Matthews
claims to have.
ON EARLY MARRIAGE.
Pursuing the same trend of thought
as in some of his former speeches
President Lowell, of Harvard, told tne
Chicago Harvard Club not long ago
that it was best for men to marry
young. He added that as a rule the
modern college holds Its students too
long, sending them out into active life
sometimes years after they ought to
i.avA hoon at wnrk with families about
them. "It is well neither for a young
man nor for the community,- saia
n,- T-11 . "that he be forced to
wait until he is 28 years or more of
age before he can think of marriage.
Present college requirements impose
this condition in too many cases. The
"thnrniich nrerjaration" has
substituted education for life and has
drained students of much of their ini
tiative before they take their places
among men. Dr. Loweu opines wiai
17 l-i about right for en
tering college. Beginning later than
that a youth finds his course encroacn
ing upon the years which he ought to
use to establish himself in business
or a profession. The president of
Harvard adds the curious statement
that a man "who is sent to college at
40 will go to the dogs."
This provokes comment knowing, as
TnBLTiv H n cases of men in advanced life
who have entered college and made
brilliant records. In fact mere are
good grounds for challenging Dr.
Lowell's further statement that "the
younger a man begins the better stu
dent he makes." It might be argued
Kof a oortaln maturltv helps a per
son to understand the university
branches. Knowledge or tne woria
ronimntoa ttio inasterv of strong books.
The more ample the "apperceptive
nidus" in a student s Drain tne mure
easily he will acquire new knowledge.
But "it is not our purpose to discuss
these topics at present. We prefer to
make a few comments upon Dr. Low
ir. a;ivirA tn vniine men to marry
early. It was addressed to persons In
easy circumstances, who are not mteiy
to be harassed by the question of
bread-winning and who when they
marry need not confront thesposslbil
lty of plunging a beloved wife into
misery" and bringing children into a
wretched environmnt. Too fre
quently distinguished thinkers of a
philanthropic turn likeDr. Lowell di
late upon marriage as if It concerned
nobody but the husband. His ad
vantage and happiness are enlarged
upon, his prospects are canvassed
upon all (Sides, his welfare is magnified
without much regard to other deeply
Interested persons. This is natural
enough In men whose habits of life
almost necessarily make them think
and speak as If the world contained no
iit -m.als and as If the family con-
sisted
of the father alone, tne wire
-hiiron helner mere phantoms
and
wavering about in a fanciful back
ground. Dr. Lowell has never lectured to
anyl
rbody but men. His books, which
e extremely learned, are aaaressea
statesmen. When he thinks of a col
to
lege
it is as a collection of young men.
j-iuM his wife Is more or less real
No
to
him, but of women in general his
notions are probably nebulous. He
has learned from the poets that such
creatures exist, but he classes them
with Calypso and the Sirens, or with
mer
rmalds as half fabulous at least-
The
truth of the matter is that mar
other individuals nuite
r
iage
.ttoii.,- a a thA vniinfi- man. There
as
is
the wife to be thought of and there
are
the children, unless we are so
extremely modern and French that we
can omit the latter altogether. Before
advising a youth to commit matrimony
soon as his physical development
makes
!S it practlcaDle it is weu to asK
how it will affect the other persons
who must share his fate Beyond
question the happiest marriages, as a
rule
le, are those contracted inen pom
parties
es are in . the bloom or youtn.
monv Vinnrtv ones are contracted
SU11
in
later life. Every homily upon this
pert
plexing subject ougnt to contain
, -n-nrnlne that no man should per-
th
su
ade a woman to marry him unless
I he
has a reasonable prospect or sup-
porting her and their children in de
cent comfort.
Thi AnM not mean, of course, that
a nnnr vonne man should never take
a wife. If he has good health and a
good trade or profession he should
marrr forthwith and take the conse
quences.. The risks are those which a
brave man feels called upon to run.
We must" not be too cowardly in the
face of the whips and scorns of time,
but neither should we be recklessly
imnmrtpnt. There is a middle course.
Dr. Lowell's, students are almost in
variably well-to-do . or at any rate
Into the world thoroughly
equipped for their struggle. Their
circumstances are radically aniereni
from those of a young man without
nv -Winltn training for life and with
no bread-winning equipment to de
pend upon. No doubt the question oi
early marriage reduces itself finally
to that of sensible schooling. Make
a youth a capable bread winner and
by that very fact he is made a. good
husband and father; x
The fear of "dragging a beautiful
and tender woman into the struggle
of life" is overworked. A true woman
nrefPTi to helD her husband win his
way, as Brieux teaches In his "Femme
Seul." He makes the lovable heroine
Imnlore the cowardly hero to wed her
In spite of poverty and let her share
the battle with him. The Dest way
for men to defend themselves against
woman's industrial competition is to
marry them and give them homes to
live In. But the latter clause is vital.
TTni... o i-fli hnmA Is sriven the mar
riage is predestined to failure. It Is
woman" naturally shuns exertion. She
does nothinir of the kind. Women
love effort as ardently as men. Se
clusion and a pampered life are as
innQtii..! fnr thpm a for the other
sex. The deep need of their being
urges them to exert their faculties and
If this need cannot be gratified in one
orav it will he in another. What is
essential for the welfare of women
is a home to which they can retreat
for the duties of motherhood. Unless
a man, young or old, feels confident
that he can supply this prime requisite
he is improvident to think of marriage.
CARL 8CHT7RZ' MONUMENT.
The monument to Carl Schurz,
which has Just been dedicated in New
York, stands on Mornlngside Drive, not
far from the building of Columbia
University and the Cathedral of St.
John the Divine. It commemorates one
of tho most devoted and useful men
who ever came from Europe to the
United States. Carl Schurz was exiled
from Germany with many other
friends of humanity In the revolution
ary days of 1848. After some time
spent in France and England vainly
seeking those free conditions which
were denied him in his own country,
he came to America, arriving in 1852,
when the excitement was fiercest over
the repeal of the Missouri Compromise
and the apparent ascendancy of the
Southern slave oligarchy in the coun
sels of the Nation. Born with an in
vincible love of liberty, Carl Schurz
could see no reason for granting It to
men of one color and denying it to
those of another. In a letter to one
of his friends in the old country he ex
pressed his astonishment at finding in
the United States "a party that calls
itself Democratic and is at the same
time the main prop of the Institution
of slavery." But this was not the only
circumstance that made him wonder.
He was quite as much astonished to
see the anti-slavery party "basing all
Its arguments on the authority of the
Bible." This, to Carl Schurz' mind.
Indicated "an Incredible state of men
tal dependence." He and the Euro
pean spirits who thought and acted
with him had theoretical notions of
liberty far beyond anything actually
realized at that time in the United
States. They dreamed of the com
plete emancipation of the mind as well
as the body. Freedom In religion was
as dear to them as in politics. "Can
this be my ideal?" he wrote when he
had seen the contradictions in our Na
tional life and dwelt upon the infu
sions of baseness which marred the
practice of liberty. In the end he be
came reconciled to the imperfections
which he saw in the United States. He
reasoned sensibly that liberty must
bring out the bad qualities of man as
well as the good, and that it is folly
to expect perfect Institutions anywhere
as long as human nature ltseir is
faulty. "The ideal is not relized," he
wrote, "but it would be foolish to force
the Ideal In spite of the people. All
forces, all weaknesses, all the good,
all th bad, are seen In full operation.
The struggle of principles goes on
apace. External liberty reveals the
foes that must be conquered before
Inner liberty is secured."
Into this struggle Carl Schurz threw
himself with all his energy. He fought
In the war on the side of the North
won Lincoln's friendship and com
manded the right wing of the Union
troops on the first day at Gettysburg.
When the war was over he took a
hand in politics and was one of the
ablest of the opponents of public cor
ruption In the dark days when It al
most seemed as if victory had de
moralized the whole Nation. He was
honored even by his enemies, but his
best friends regarded him as somewhat
impractical. His standards were high
and -he preferred to fall rather tnan
lower them. The doctrine that politics
is a series of compromises found .no
disciple in Carl Schurz. He was one
of the few men who gain considerable
worldly success without concession to
evil in any form. It cannot be said
of him that he ever sacrificed his
principles for- his own sake or any
body else's and yet he made himself
a power In the government of the
country for many years, tils mam po.
lltical support came from the West
where his fellow exiles from Germany
had settled with thousands of their
less ardent countrymen. These im
migrants were highly intelligent and
well educated. They brought from
Germany the best traditions of life
and thought and Impressed them upon
the commonwealths where they took
up their residence. Wisconsin, Mis
souri. HUnots and other states of the
West owe to these German immigrants
the strongest of their impulses which
have directed their development to
ward democratic institutions, free
higher education and liberal ideas in
religion. They .contributed many sol
diers to the cause of 'the Union and
have sent many a sound statesman to
Washington in the course of the last
half century. But none of the other
German immigrants or their children
have quite measured up to the great
ness of Carl Schurz. They themselves
confess it proudly, for he was one of
the world's foremost men.
His best service to the United States
lay in resolute loyalty to his ideals.
When many statesmen were inclined
to trade principle for partisan ad
vantage he set principle first and sac
rificed everything else for its sake.
When public offices were looked upon
as the fitting rewards of partisan fa
naticism he enlisted in the campaign
for civil service reform and fought for
it devotedly until the victory was won.
When there were comparatively few
men in public life who held the wel
fare of the country above the success
of their party Carl Schurz forsook Viis
party and staked his career upon the
right of political revolt. We think
of him as one of that sturdy race
which includes such men as Luther,
John Bunyan and Benjamin Franklin.
They valued their freedom of thought
and . action above everything else and
were ready to forego all earthly ad
vantages rather han submit to in
tellectual chains.
, As times grow perilous and the
country turns to the past for worthy
examples to guide its future action
the figure of Carl Schurz impresses
us by its moral grandeur and teaches
the highest lessons of patriotism. His
great abilities were given unreservedly
to the service of the people. His con
science was as active in public life as
his intellect. Perhaps the best pre
cept we can draw frbm his noble ca
reer is that the same principles of
truth and rectitude which make a man
a loyal friend and good citizen in pri
vate life make him a safe counsellor
and a sound statesman In public life.
The long years of success which at
tended Carl Schurz and the potent
influence he wielded prove that a man
may be of the highest usefulness to
his country without pandering either
to the ignorant poor or the unprin
cipled rich.
The Pine Islers are chafing at Cuban
domination. They -ay there are over
4000 of them Americans and that
their -numbers increase every , month,
while there are only about 1000 Cu
bans, many of th-m negroes. They
reply to the taunt that they are ex
empt from taxation by saying they
have no part in the government,
though they own 90 per cent of the
land, and -when they want roads and
bridges they build them. They also
support schools by voluntary contribu
tions. But life under Cuban rule on
Pine Isle must have attractions for
Americans, or so many would not go
there and stay there.
Governor Sulzer is fighting the
Barnes and Murphy machines at all
points. He has Instigated Indictment
of some of their underlings in connec
tion with scandals in the prison and
Tiighway departments. ' He is starting
a backfire on opponents of the direct
primary bill by stirring up their con
stituents to send telegrams denouncing
their course. He also matches the list
of men who refused to confirm John
Mitchell as State Labor Commissioner
with the list of those who indorsed his
choice. There will be the liveliest po
litical war in New York State this year
and the Governor will enjoy himself
swatting the machines.
Henry Watterson has been tripped
up as wanting in that peculiarly Ken
tucklan quality gallantry to a woman.
Challenged to debate woman suffrage
with Mrs. Philip Snowden, he replied
In the Courier-Journal:
I can tmajrlne no greater waste of time
than a battered old man and a silly old
woman bandying words across a broom
stick.
The Louisville Herald thereupon re.
minded him that Mrs. Snowden was
generally regarded as a singularly
gifted woman and had not yet reached
her 30th year. Now what has the
Colonel to say for himself?
New York City feels safer, now that
four of its principal guardians of the
peace have been sentenced to jail.
Were the whole police force ' behind
prison bars, the Gothamites might feel
so secure that they would not even
lock their doors at night. What a
topsy-turvy government It Is -which
hires men to rob the people on the
pretext of guarding them against rob
bers. "Philadelphia Is the Nation's best shop
ping place." according to the Public Ledger.
Can an Alderman be bought at a greater
bargain in the Quarker City than a legisla
tor at- Harrisburg? Louisville Courier
Journal. That sort of thing Is not done in
Pennsylvania; the Keystone State has
gone to Armageddon to battle for the
Lord.
"Sixty ways to cook mutton" are
noted in -a booklet just issued by the
Department of Agriculture. Congress
has also given a little demonstration
in how to do the wool industry to a
nice brown turn.
The method of scoring ball games
may be changed. We trust some sys
tem will be hit on that will enable
the Portland team to score a bit more
conspicuously.
The Pall Mall Gazette Is right In
assuming the white race will be a unit
In the event of hostilities; but there
will not be hostilities. Japan knows
her foe before she picks It.
Still, it might be that aside from
the merits of the case, Japan is look
ing for trouble. Well, we always were
a more or less accommodating people.
Anything on the subject of weather
is threadbare, to be sure; yet these
gently falling showers now assure
roses in plenty when they are wanted.
It is possible, of course, that the
warship and cannon trust is endeav
oring to drum up a little business. '
But just reflect. We are getting it
all now, and are certain of no bad
weather at Rose Festival time.
No wonder we are reluctant in rec
ognizing Mexico's present government.
It is beaten beyond recognition.
Are Mr. Bryan's efforts really for
the benefit of mankind or has he an
eye on a Xobel prize?
London's ineligibles to suffrage are
causing far more trduble tnan our in
eligibles to citizenship.
A Cuban aviator having flown from
Cuba" to Florida, man takes rank as
a migratory bird.
With the wheat supply cornered we
may learn anon that bread has gone
bi-planing.
Cincinnati ' escaped from the tor
nadoes only to fall into the maws of
he strike.
And now the French are irritated by
our tariff. Hava we a friend left in
the world?
Vice-President Marshall ruled that
he was out of order. So that's what
alls him.
New York Is to have the largest
church in the world. New York needs
it,
Topical Verse
Tho Loafer.
You kin always tell a loafer. If there's loaf
In' the crew;
You kin always tell a loafer 'cause ha has
so much to do;
When the men are In the maintop he la
IU8K1I1 Wn J'".
On the drive ne's alwaya looking lor a
cnance away m mnu,
In tha woods the smallest timber Is tha
tinU'tri UK Will liliu,
In the yard the twelve-by-twenty Is tha
Klnu ne uitihhu. .
He will fuss an- ho will fiddle huntln" up
tne soiifoi. .
Life Is one eternal treadmill fer tha. take-lt-
easv cnai.-
Yea, It takes a lot of trouble sklppln labor.
uay by day:
Fer a fellah has to figger how to dodga It
On the"diVve eVm the timber. In the. mill
er IB the yard. .
You kin always tell a loafer 'causa ha
- u-.-tt-ir. n Moomln' hard.
Douglas .Malloch. in American Lumber
man.
Simplified Simplicity.
My wife and me ain't never even tasted of
champagne;
I never seen no forty-dollar hat on bairy
Jane; , . ' '
1 never do no shavln', but Just let ray
whiskers grow.
And we alwaya walk to meetln . rain or
shine or mud or mow;
The wife she does our cookln' and we never
make no fuss; '
Fer simplicity I wundcr If . the Wilsons can
Our daughters make their dresses and
they use but little silk;
Ain't one of them that .powders; now and
then they help to milk; .
They've not been ott to college wastln
time at big expense
And they don't need no assistance when
they have to climb a fence;
I always shine at Kaster In my -weddln-
Btoveptpe hat;
Fer simplicity I wonder If the Wilsons can
beat that?
There 'ain't a single feller round about
these parts. I'll bet..
That wouldn't like to marry in our little
fam'ly set; .......
I have got a thousand acres of the rlnest
land In sight.
And the banks are .always ready to cash
any checks I write;
My knife. I don't mind saying, comes In
handy 'when I eat;
Fer simplicity I wonder if the Wilsons have
us beat?
Klser. In Chicago . Record-Herald.
The Little Sod Shanty.
The. little sod shanty that stood on th
plain . .
Has gone with the prairie dog's vanished
domain.
Is gone with the antelope's light-footed
traad, '
And peasant-bull houses have risen In
stead. '
The biting wind strayed through the
shanty's one room.
And one glassless window brought light
to Its gloom. '.vi.
The water dtipped-drlpped, when it hap
pened to rain,
Through the little sod shanty that stood
on the plain.
But the country-bred men In those days,
I am told.
To whom life meant more than a passion
for goldj ..
They were roiiKh. they were tough, they
were sometimes profane "
But they didn't rate manhood by barter
and gain. .
And how they stood on their own feet In
alT hell's despite.
And they died In their boots If they thought
they were right!
There were women who lived In those
davs, I am told,
Who suffered privation and hunger ana
Along wlth.' their husbands, because they
believed
In the dream that the . next generation
achieved
So. though It haa vanished, it rose not 'n
The liVt'e sod shanty that stood on the
plain. Kansas City. Star.
The Tempter.
When you're strlvln' to remember
All the resolutions fine ... .-
That you mat! w-hen old December,. r-
Waa Jes' stepplll' out o' line.
When the first of January
Made yu talk reforms- anew ...
An' tho first of February
Made you try an extra few .v.,..
Along comes a May day a-peekln thrown
tht fence . .
A-sayin', "It's a play-day an' the sport IS
, sure immense."
When with serious Intentions
To the future you give thought
And you ponder on conventions
An' tho things the platforms tsught.
When you inako a f iereo endeavor
From all folly to refrain
And declare you'll never, never
Waste a precious hour again .,
Along comes a May day a-slngln' of a
"Oh. life Is In Its hcydey au' you d better
stroll along." . , .
Chlesao Record-Herald.
Away From the Tag-er.
With hopeful hint the farmer's boy
Leaned on his hoe and said;
The fish Is bltln' fiercest klnd.
Down by tho mill pond's head.
"Don't be afeerd." the farmer said.
Dropping a seed or two.
Jen keep on klverln' "taters. son,
N' the fish they won't bite you!
New York Sua.
The Lure of Sap-Time.
I Join in the throng of the crowded streeti
We are slaves In search of pelf;
I am sorry for the fettered gang,
I am sorry for myself.
Just
Because
I know a place up-country. '
In God's great out-of-doors..
A quiet sheltered corner
On which the springtime pours
The wine of warmth and magic.
And well I know the sun
Haa kissed the grove of maples.
And sap begins to run.
There are sounds and sights that niones
bring.
They are good to hear and to see,
But they're city siuhts and city sounds,
And right now they've no charm for me
Just
, Because
I want to see the biuehlrds
And watch a sap-snow fall.
To see the pussy willows.
And hear the robin's rail;
To see the frisky chipmunks,
As oft before I've done,
I w-ant to be up-country
Whon the sap begins to run.
I sit' in the seats of the mighty.
And rather my share of the nest.
"r wlary of toll that brings treasure,
Kttll, now 1 am filled with unrest.
Just
Because
I want to see tlie P:,b""hm.k.
And smell the woort-flre smok e.
To watch the boiling kf les.
And see the old home folk.
I'm hungry for hot
. And 'the !lmple. home.y fun
That's sure to be up-eonntry
AriT.n the san begins to run.
When the sap commercial.
Wind o' the South.
wind o' the South, come whisper now
The , "ell that shakes the blossom-bough.
The Sell that wakes the waiting leaves
until they dance In wondrous weaves
o? Jewel-green against the blue.
And show to us a world mada new.
wind o' the South, come now and call
The vines upon the crumbling, wall
t-ntil they pulse with spring's own blood
And open many a swelling hud
And fill e.ch gray and empty spsee
With restful strands of curving grace.
wind o" the South, come breathe again
Above the earth's old wintry stain.
Until he eager blades of grass
Leap up to greet us as we puss. .
1 et Spring's rich carpet be outrolled.
Starred with the dandelion's gold.
Wind o' the South, come o'er -.the miles
With promise of the Summer whiles;
Come wake the silent, sleeping trees.
And blow reveille for the be.s.
And waft to us the rare perfume
Caught. from soinu regal, rose In bloom.
Wind o' the South, come bring your son
For which we harken overlong.
Come singing gently, singing low. .
The dreaming strains our hearts would
know.
Until the vibrant world shall be
Attuned to your glad m'g9 Totu
Belinda.
Belinda's waist is small; .
Belinda's form ts neat; , .
And oh. the fine Krench clock that shows
Above Belinda's feet!
But oh, Belinda's face!
I do not mean to mock.
Yet if you saw It you would swear
Twouid surely stop a clock!
Exchange,