THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN. PORTLAND. SEPTEMBER 24. 1911.
12
DEVELOPMENT OF MANUFACTURING
- SCIENCE LESSENS PRICE OF CARS
'
I. H. Bose Points Out Mrrelou Adanc That Eu Been Made in Factories Since Automobile Was More of
a Dream Than a Reality.
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IT It tntvrrstlnir to note, not only the
chmnic In drslsn and principle of
automobile, but especially to the
procrea and rapid advancement In the.
method! of manufacturing-, cars U H.
Boae. manager of the E-M-F North
west companies.
"Ten years aa-o. when automobiles
wero more of a dream than a fact to
the manufacturer." he says, "the prob
lem of manufacturing was a secondary
consideration, the principal point being
tu build a car that would run. The
natter of cosl. weltrhL material, com
fort, economy of operation, received
little o no consideration.
"A od example f thta pioneer
manufacturing la the Havnea-Apperson
Company of Kokomo. Ind.. one of the
Urst Arms to publish themselves as au
tomobile manufacturers. Their first
. m . iruttuiits mwi. (nan yi u v
machine at a time was In 101. when I
they breuKht out their twin-cylinder
phaeton, which caused quite a sense.-
lion entirely irom tae racl that It
would run aa much as to miles on a
country road without stopping.
Small raltawil l'e4.
This, at that time, was the one foal
which eery deairner and producer had
tn Tlew. the manufacturing methods
eelna merely a matter -,of-?act ' prop
osition. Their building had only
guch equipment as would be found In
D ordinary marhtne shop of that day;
and each Individual part was made by
(vast asa filled to lu parucolar place.
As a result, should any part break, the
only way to repair It was to have a
new one made from " the original a
thought not being given to such a
thing as parts being; Interchangeable.
"In fact, at that time w.hen this
wonderful piece of mechanism had just
started to devejop. new Ideas were so
numerous very seldom were two cars
built exactly alike.
"Materials used In these cars were
selected, not from rigid, practical, and
scientific tests and analysis, as they
are today, but merely from precedent
as to what would stand such strain as
given by- a locomotive or steam en
gine. . The necessity for special grades
of steel. Iron, and aluminum had not
at that- time become a problem, any
more than had quiet operation, speed
and comfort. -Develepaaeat
Is Rapid.
."The subsequent development of the
automobile and the automobile in
dustry Is a history within Itself, and
especially the development of automo
bile manufacturing, rising as It ha In
a few short years from a dream, or a
fancy. to- be enjoyed - only? by - the
wealthy as a novelty, to where It
stands today, the seventh manufactur
ing Industry tn Importance tn the
world, even more common co the aver
age home than the coach and horses IS
years ago. and . a positive necessity In
buslnesa. Not since the dsy that the
automobile demonstrated that It could
do things' have the manufacturer
been able to supply the demand; and
this Is Impossible for the ' 6iiderful
developments of manufacturing meth
ods and facilities.
"When this development. reached the
stage to where some manufacturers
were building aa high as 600 cars ; a
year.- and a little later when one or
two firms turned out 1000. the general
Impression was that the climax had
been reached. But this proved, onjjt to
be the dawn of a new era.
tp to this time the price of an au
tomobile was such that only the
wealthy could afford them, and the
cost of operation made them imprac
tical for business.
"Few people, however, except those
directly connected with -the manufac
turing of automobiles, have ever real
ized that the real development has
come not In the automobile, but In the
methods of manufacturing. The use
of Jig and automatic machinery had
not. been attempted; and herein is
found the secret of the vast reduction
In cost of manufacturing, and naturally
the price. Other featurea were the
economies of purchasing the raw ma
terial in enormous quantities, and es
pecially In building every part of the
car In the one factory. Instead of .pay
ing a profit to accessory manufacturers
for building gears, axles, bearings and
other parts.
"Step Into a modern automobile fac
tory today, and fltst you will see acres
of plglron piled six and eight feet
high, the raw material from which the
cars are made. Next you will see the
foundries. Immense Institutions la
There is just one conclusive test of a motor
car, and it is a simple test. Anybody can make it.
Find out the price of a' car, then find out what
service that car is giving owners of one, two, and
three years' standing. Not only how it ran during
the first three months' use, but how it runs TO-"
DAY., Then measure up your price and service
. and get the answer.
"Quality at their Price." Here is the secret of
the wonderful sales of E-M-F "30" and Flanders
"20" cars. We have said it often "Quality and
Price." We will continue to say it over and over aga'n.
. We know beyond the shadow of a doubt that
no cars more efficient than the E-M-F "30" and
Flanders "20" are built anywhere. That isn't pre
sumption. It is the certain provable truth, for the
very good reason that .the extent and economy of
our manufacturing resources have been developed
to an unequalled degree. No other factories ap
proach ours.
i. -1 . -
As an inevitable result of this our cars on the
road have made a surpassing record. In the ac
complishments of utility, economy and endurance
they have made new standards of value. Forget
their low price for a moment. Price is no indica
tion of quality, only service can be that. Look at
the achievements of these cars, the enthusiasm of
their owners. The general conviction that here is the
last word in automobile value, the car embodying
the maximum of quality. And with these circum
stances in mind the happy conviction must come
to every automobilist that these cars will continue
to be as they are today the most sought for auto
mobiles in the world.
E-M-F Northwest Co,
L. F. ROSE, Manager
Chapman and Alder Sts;
Main 5969 Phones A 2436
themselves, where this iron Is melted,
steel forglngs and castings are made
row after row of forging hammers
and castings basins, each one making
but one individual -part, and turning
them out In the rough by the hundreds.
"From here you are taken to the
machine rooms, where the forglngs
and castings are brought from the
foundry to be finished. Here you would
naturally expect to find hundreds of
men employed, but . Instead you find
but one man to every six or ten ma
chines. In this department, you will
find machines which do their work en
tirely without the aid of man. except
to place the raw material.
"From this point the machines cut.
else, shape, and even deliver on to an
automatic carrier the finished part, and
are not only many times faster in their
operation than a mechanic, but are ab
solutely accurate, dependable. and
economical. Other machines handle
from six to 40 duplicate parts at one
time, drilling all the holes in a, trans
mission r crank csse, or dressing ail
four sides of a cylinder casAg at one
operation. One could spend days In
this one department and marvel at the
wonderful work of these machines.
"In .the different" departments
throughout, one finds the same wonder
ful machines and labor-saving devices,
until yon reach the painting and up
holsterlpg departments. Here, of
course, labor is employed in large
numbers. '
"The same plan Is followed through
the entire factory. Whether It be man
or machine, each one has but one par
ticular operation to perform. Even In
the final assembly of the car, the men
work In crews. The first crew sets up
the frame, another puts in the as
sembled motor, another the assembled
rear axle and so on till the car la
complete."
Official to Be Appointed.
Frank Fretwell, secretary of the Pa
cific Highway Association, after fin
ishing the work of . slgn-posUag " the
route of the highway through Oregon,
continued on to San Francisco. - While
In the Exposition City he will appoint
a Northern California vice-president
for the highway association.
V Auto Men Entertained. '
A. J. Edwards, Oregon distributer of
the Ford, entertained a score of auto
mobile and newspaper men at his home
last week. It was an informal affair
and all enjoyed a rousing time.
Factory Man on Coast.
D. L. Bolton, factory representative
of the E-M-F Company, passed through
Portland last week on his way to San
Francisco. His stay in Portland was
brief.
Hotel Bosses Shipped.
M. C. Dickinson, of the Oregon Ho
tel, has received word that the three
automobile busses he ordered are now
on their way -to the Coast- Two will
be used for the Oregon Hotel and the
other will be sent to the Seattle Hotel,
New Warner Manager Here.
James Moultrup, formerly of the Los
Angeles branch of the Warner Instru
ment Company, has come to this city to
take charge of the Socal branch. He
succeeds H. I Worthen, who has- gone
fo Sau Diego to manage that branch.
H. L. Keats Takes Trip.
H. L. Keats, of the Keats Auto Com
pany, took a business trip over his
Northwestern territory last week. He
will visit Seattle, Tacoma, .Vancouver
and Victoria. Business is reported ex
cellent in Victoria.
New Car Due Soon.
The Speedwell limousine ordered by
E. H. Holman Is expected here very
shortly. It will contain all the latest
equipment and several special features
ordered by the purchaser.