THE SUXDAT OKEGOXIAX. PORTLAND, SEPTEMBER 17, 1911.
PluZZLING
AizmrmmN treaties a&h
II V JM6 STEP ' TOWARD PEACE.
Compacts Among Great Britain, France and the
United States Most Important Political Move in
World's History and One That Gives Big Impetus to
Idea of Universal Peace Other Great Powers Ex
pected to Join the Peaceful Procession and Effec
tively Muzzle the Dogs of Warfare.
WHEN' Great Britain and the
United 8tatee and Franca and
tha United fltataa cunt together
la tha alanine of treaties that ara to
to away with war there transpired
tha greatest political araat In tha his
tory of tha world alnca tlma began.
Tha American Qorernment which la
to say tha American people now hae
before It tha moat Important matter
that has ever fallen to the lot of a
nation to deliberate ant nee Mo upon.
It ! deliberating upon tha ratification
of the great peace treatir th- affect
not merely Haelf alne. but p w wry
nation In tha world upon a govern
mental baala entirely different from
what baa been tha custom of tha past
Ireidentally. tha decision upon the
present treatlea determlnee whether or
not tha taxation of the world ahall ba
reduced to per cent, for that propor
tion of all moneys paid Into govern
ments around the world roes to war
purposes, and would ba eared If war
were abolished.
And (o It Is stated that tha signing
of these treatlea August S by the rep
resentatives of three great nations and
their prospectlTe acceptance by tha
Senate Is tha greatest event In history.
Oreat Britain haa had her Magna
Charter tha United States has bad Its
Terlaratlon of Independence. Rome has
known tha tail of Caesar and Napoleon
haa been overcome at Waterloo. But
thesa ware events that affected but a
elngla nation or cluster of nations.
Their results were that certain reglona
ware ruled thua and so that might
otherwise have been ruled differently,
better or worse.
Creates Event la R let err.
But here comet an event that Is a
concrete, definite, monstrous stride to
ward International peace. Hera are
three of tha greatest and most pro
gressiva natlona In the world coming
out Into the open and declaring that
they will arbitrate all differences that
may arise between them. There are
a multitude of other natlona at their
back awaiting an opportunity to do tha
same thing. Hera Is a taking off. of
the mask of diplomacy and a corrOng
Into the open of actual aceercpHsh
ment. Here la a demonstration of the
actual feeling of modern nations con
trolled by modem Intelligence. The
cat Is oat of the bag. The world warns
peace. It Is ready to chain tts ! c
of war. "Uve branches are at a pre
mium and the dove of peace Is the
great International bird.
For tha ratification of these treaties
ran mean no less. Three of the great
est and mt warlike of the nations
of the world herewith come forth and
stipulate that as between them there
shall be no war. They demonstrate to
the waiting world the possibility of
making such trestle. They show the
accomplished fart. They confess to the I
e vfl reJen Kgf?a7asaasaaaasanaana . SOWi 1 " N N :59
is! ' rfe-j- - . -si i
I Sawi" l it . . ... . ,
preponderating demand for arbitration.
In their wake come yet other nations
of equal Importance - and standing.
Japan, the dominant warlike nation of
the Far East, comes forward and Indi
cates that she, too, would like to sign
such a treaty with the l'nltd States.
Militant Germany, the most pugnacious
of tha European nations, makes over
tures to the Vnltrd States indicating
that her only deterrent In entering a
similar arbitration acreement Is In the
detail of a legislative check which
the American Senate Insists upon and
which would still allow arbitration to
be optional with the United State,
while Germany was absolutely bound.
Pack of these come a horde of such
states as tha Netherlands. Italy, and
the great, progressive republics of
South America. Practically tha whole
world Is waiting an opportunity to
enter a peace compact with the United
States. So spontaneous and so nearly
unanimous la this International peace
enthusiasm that there Is no question of
the forca of the pesce wsve submerg
ing any stubborn nation that should
undertake to stand out against It. If
there should be a difference between
any two nations that have compacta
with the United States and have thua
pledged themselves to the peace idea,
yet which have no agreement aa be
tween themselves, there would ba no
question of their arbitrating their dif
ferences. Within a decade, if the pres
ent tendency continues, any nation
that should refuse arbitration would
be discredited among Its fellows.
Great AeeosBpllahaaeat Easy.
Tet this great accomplishment haa
been brought about almost aa aimply
as might an engagement to dinner aa
between you and me. The beginning
of It all was on March 23. 1910. when
the American Peace and Arbitration
League of New York entertained Presi
dent Taft at dinner. The President
made a little talk- after dinner. In tha
course of which he said:
I do not sea why questions of honor
may not be submitted to a. tribunal
supposed to be composed of men of
honor, who understand questions of na
tional honor, to abide by their decision,
as well as other questions of difference
arising between nations."
Here was the President of the
United States taking a stand In favor
of arbitrating that thing that had
heretofore been regarded as answer
able only with the mailed fist. No on
at tha banquet caught the great signi
ficance of this utterance, and It la
doubtful If the President knew tha Im
portance of tha thing which be waa
saytng. The newspapers printed It
without calling forth any editorial
comment. Finally It waa read by An
drew Carnegie, who happened at the
time to be In Colorado. He realised
the momentous Importance of thla open
dtoucr of arbitration, even aa to
matters of national honor. Ha wired I
his congratulations to the President, I
and. through the New Tork Peace So
ciety, had the speech reprinted and
broadcasted. The whole world woke
no to the fact that something big bad
transpired under lta very nose without
Its knowing of It.
Then, on December 17 last, before tha
American Society for tha Judicial Set
tlement of International Disputes, the
President went a atep further and made
an open bid to tha nations of the world
to enter a treaty with this country to
arbitrate any possible difference, He
aid: , "
"If we can negotiate and put
through private agreemente. with aome
other nation to abide by the adjudica
tion of International arbitration courts
In every Issue which cannot be aettled
by negotiations, no matter what It In
volves whether honor, territory . or
money, we ahall have made a long atep
forward by demonstrating" that It Is
possible for two natlona, at least, to
establish between them the same sys
tem which through the process of law,
has existed between Indlvlduala under
government"
Greeted Wits' World Acclaim.
- Thla time every diner at the banquet
rose and cheered. The presa through
out the world next morning gave It
prominence.
Almost Immediately Earl Grey, the
Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs
of Great Britain, announced that the
mother country would be proud to ac
cept the offer of President Taft and
enter into auch an agreement with the
United States.
I.- . fnllnm ault- Then, to
the aurprlae of all. hesitating Germany
began to nibble at the bait. The en
lightened opinion of mankind bad in
the meantime witn one accoro given
universal praise to the leadership of
President Taft. The peace aoclettea
were In a frensy of activity. Mass
meetlnrs of Indorsement were held In
England and America, and edltorlala
if , T I ' ' - i
-f 1 ' i 1
Cp, - V , ,i - is , - x
?n.'wPoPrrir "d n "loJdfsarseri
the world. . .rhf Kut lDlclnz. I between the United Sta-tes and the
ina DrODOIeUI Ile, wvaa uut.vi - " " "
other nations to make the drafting""!
thla the greatest of treaties, a reality.
Great Britain, France, the United
States, all the world, knew Just what
was needed. In a few short months,
under the guidance of the American
State Department, the agreements were
written, and, presto, August 3 they
were formally signed.
The treaties begin by laying down
the practice of arbitrating all matters
that are capable of arbitration, the Jus
tice In which may be determined by the
application of the principles of law and
equity. If the citizens of one country
set Are to the property of those of an
other the damage may be assessed In
accordance with law, and penalties at
tached.' So may indemnities be col
lected in the case of such matters aa
the recent slaughter of Chinese in Mex
ico. Such matters may be settled
through diplomatic circles, but when
diplomacy falls there is the resort to
arbitration. Such cases go automati
cally to the permanent court of arbi
tration established at The Hague, or to
some similar court that may be settled
upon. The Justice in these matters
may be reached through an interpre
tation of the law.
But this may not reach the matteri
of National honor and vital interest. If
the people of one nation spat in the
face of the diplomatic representative
of another or pulled down its flag,
which things miffht easily happen in
times of riot, international law might
have no precedent under which the dif
ference might be settled, and the na
tions might be thrust into war because
some hoodlums were unmannerly. The
new-treaties provide for meeting these
emergencies.
The International Grand Jury.
Here it 13 that a new thing in' Inter
national affairs comes Into being. To
handle such delicate matters a Joint
high commission of inquiry is provided.
To this commission is referred dlffer-
" (Concluded on Page 7.)
The Bull-Frog and the Goon
SUNG BY EDDIE LEONARD
set
bia mind a work- ing, my da -tie I am shirking. Til show Sno
oing hard aa ev - er, aa if noth-ing oonld aov-er, tin - ci one
riow frocr-ries woo. .
.... Bftid"letus woo.'
: poeo rail.
Words by FELIX F. FEIST
Moderaio,
Music by JOS. S." NATHAN
CHORUS.
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O- .-i c N c s ' i i a I 1 m m . 1 - I
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2. Tha Frog-giea both grew frightened, Aa hia anna "round her tightened, ttound tsu -
hia Hon - ey
hia Bon - ey
rr - i
Sitg" tha lit - tie tiu'. ter Bull -Frog, mg the La - dy Frog - gie too,....
7) c- chunk , ca- H-j 4-gl
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n , - ar
lt
Then theylond-ly aang . to - geth - er and their eyes went goo - goo - goo,
lli Kiss
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Owl in fu - ry flew;
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A lorir a brook they wan - dared, and
Ua. atiU kept on
lov uig, aaa
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1
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thera no - on a loc, 1,T chance he aaw tna woo-idS, T ; c"
So? to hU aar-pnae, Tte aame two lit - Uo frog-gie, there nght be fore hia eye Were
Copyrifht by Le Ftlst
Used bjr permlsalon Murray Muslo Co, J.ew Tork.
luaad good bye, thtn' he aaid "Oh my!........... rm go -tag too." too.'
Fo.256.
Wie BoH-Froe and tha Cooa