10 ' THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAy, ronTI.AyP, 1TJGUST 27, 1911.
ll
lli . .
PENAL COLONY PROPOSED
AS CURE FOR CRIME EVIL
W. A. Cruick Cites Australia as Example of Moral Awakening of Felons.
Present Parole System Illogical Is His Belief.:
PORTLAND. Or, A us. IS. (To tha
Editor.) Thara U perhaps bo mora
profound. comprrhnt!r and lucid
xsmpUflcatlon of the duality of men
tal and moral characteristics and the
trrannr of flsad hablta than that pro
ented by Robert Louts Sterenson In
ti'.m book entitled "Or. Jekyll and ikT.
Jlyde." No one will question our pos
eealon of an absolutely definite phy
sical structure and there are equally
conclualT evidences going to prore
that we all possess a similarly definite
Intellectual and moral constitution.
each side demonstrating- Its existence
by manifestations, from time to time,
of mental and moral attribute.
prompting the Indlrldual to the per
formance of good or evil deeds.
GlTlns full consideration to the In
fluence of environment as a molding
factor of human character, still I think
we must recosrnlae the free moral
agency of every rational being and
tbat he Is given the power to differ
entiate between right and wrong, and
to choose and determine his course of
life. In short, he may elect to per
sonate the embodiment of wickedness,
as represented In tbe person of "Mr.
Hyde." or the noble, grand and benign
qualities of a "Dr. JekyU" as he wills.
If man Is not responsible for his acts,
then there can be no crime, unless It
be in depriving the so-called criminal
of his liberty.
Penally Follow Violation.
We find the "Lex Tallonla" of uni
versal application for violation of pri
mal law. as enacted by the genius and
wisdom of the original lawmaker,
there Is a penalty Inflicted for every
violation of his law. from the smallest
infrar(ion to the greatest, and from
the Infliction of these penalties there
Is no escape. The penalties also, will
be observed to correspond with the
enormities of the transgression.
I think a careful consideration of the
underlying philosophy of just punish
. ment for violation of law will prove
It to be conservative and an incentive
to human moral progress, as. for every
violation and Infliction of penalty, the
Individual so offending is vividly re
minded that such act on his part never
contributes to his own welfare nor
peace of mind and la less and less dis
posed to repeat it or continue in the
role of violator of this or other laws,
and thus It becomes a contribution to
bis progress.
Hope of Kscape Costly.
The writer "believes that the com
mission of a big percentage of vlola
tlona of both temporal and primal law
arises not so much from Inherent wick
edness of the perpetrator as from the
delusive Idea that somehow he will es
cape discovery and the infliction of the
penalty, hence, strict and certain en
forcement of the law haa a conserva
tive as well aa preventive effect. The
same man Is not usually disposed to
repeat a criminal act which works In
Jury to himself and if be does. It
proves positively the necessity of his
sequestration and punishment as a
protection of the Innocent members of
society.
Unbiased students of criminology
must admit that a reasonable certainty
of discovery, prosecution, conviction
and resulting punishment exercises a
deterrent effect on the criminally dis
posed. We recently read of 900 mur
ders committed in Chicago, with 1 per
cent cf convictions, and later we read
that the said city Is ao overwhelmed
with criminals that It is unsafe and In
many streets It Is absolutely dangerous
for residents to leave their homes after
rlchtfJL la not this a perfectly le
gitimate result of making a football
and farce of pretended enforcement of
law and the almost certainty afforded
criminals of escape from punishment?
Respect 'or Law Wants.
The "Indeterminate sentence" and
"parole" systems are used, more fre
quently trn otherwise, to emasculate
the law or all restraining Influence on
the criminal, and until a verdict of
guilty means Infliction of a definite and
certain punishment consistent with and
In keeping with the crime, we may look
wjth perfect assurance for a continued (
" Increase of criminals and crimes until
all respect for law will become a thing
of the past.
It Is well to bear in mind that the
person to be reformed must do the re
forming for himself no one can do it
for him: and to make the effort rea
sonably successful one should marshal
all the various Influences to his aid
which can be of assistance, and. all
ih.iriTinr . aside, the certainty of
nromnt and certain Infliction of penal
ties haa a marked restraining Influemce
and cannot be dispensed with.
Method Sot PractWal.
Putting a criminal on his honor only
can hardly be expected to succeed when
the same effort, by such means. Is so
often attended with failure when tried
nn nersons outside of penal insula
iinna The advocates of reform of
criminals, by simply putting them on
their "honor" would not for a moment,
If conducting a bank, pass out their
monev to applicants with no other oona
or security than that tbe borrower
pledge his honor. Neither would the
dealer In dry goods or groceries trust
to the honor alone of their patrons. If
this be true of those outside of prisons.
It la hard to see wherein me criminal
class has a more-valid claim on our
confidence, especially the more con
firmed of the criminal class, who may
be said to have become confirmed in
the "criminal habit."
Acute and sporadic reforms are easy
and common, especially in tne com,
gray dawn of the morning after." but
with the habitual criminal, maae so oy
past associations until ha has come to
regard, organized society as his enemy,
the type of reform which gives him a
soul anchorage and refuge from himself
and keeps him safe until deatn, is very
little In evidence. The reason In part
Is found In the fact that on gaining his
freedom, he feels that every hand Is
raised agalast him.- He Is subjected to
a constant feeling of humiliation and
defeat. He has become- a stranger to
outside conditions. He feels himself
comparatively alone and friendless.
Conditions Bring; Reaction.
Is It In the least strange then, that
he gravlate by immutable) law, to those
who have passed througn a similar ex
perience- and who give him a welcome
greeting and are not ashamed of htm,
and will divide anything they possess
vith him? Thus. Impelled by tnese
feelings and emotions, he passea out of
the prison gales and after a ume Des
ultory wandering drifts wun aimon
perfect cortalnty back to ine oia naunu
and associates, becomes promptly re
Infected with the virus of crime.
He can, with rare exceptions, tell you
truthfully "he had no other place to
go. Ills pieagea nuuur
naueht. as the mighty current running
against him. proves too much for his
fallible naturo. viewed m the ngnt
and knowledge of poor, frail, erring hu
man nature, the picture Is Indeed a sor
rowful one. and leads one to ask If In
the day of final reckoning, perfection
la exacted, who 01 us snail see salva
tion?
England Meets Problem.
It will be seen that the writer doubts
the efficiency of and ultimate auccees
of a reformatory effort which depends
on putting the criminal class simply on
Its "honor," however wortny ana cnar
Itable the purpose of Its advocates. It
does not seem to present the broad and
comprehensive grasp of the Issue which
gives hope of success, oven to a umuea
extent.
In our groping efforts to seK out
some kind of humane disposal of our
ever-Increasing criminal class. It might
be well to remember how England
made Australia a dumping ground for
its criminals, more for relief from
criminal congestion than otherwise, but
nevertheless, out of that enterprise, one
of the brightest Jewels of England's
crown has arisen, which some day may
outstrip the mother country.
Wo have the Philippine islands to
'throw away." What England has
done. America can do. and more, it
you wish to reconstruct the ne"er-do-we-11."
of whatever type, give him ma
terial personal Interests, glva him
acres, a home and family. If you please.
which bring a realization of responsi
bility, make them feel that they are
factors In the world's economy, and out
of a criminal colony w may. Ilka Eng
land, grow a great stae and a great
people. W. A. cusiCK-
PIONEER ZEAL KEYNOTE
OF FIRST STATE FAIR
John Minto, Member of Original Committee to Advance Movement, Tells
of Obstacles Encountered by rounders.
SALEM. Or., Aug. !- (To the Ed
itor.) The writer was a member
of tbe Marion County Agricultural
Society la 115s; also a member and ex
hibitor before the Oregon Poraologlcal
Foclety. the merging of which with the
Ftate Agricultural Society, formed the
basis for the first State Fair held on the
east bank of the Clackamas In 1SL.
George Collier Robblns was the first
elected president, who. resigning, waa
succeeded by Simeon Francis, who de
livered the first address.
The first fair was begun In doubt, but
closed as a success, but the less than
a dozen who had prepared for it were
convinced that Its locality was not the
best, and three counties of the Wil
lamette Valley were left to prepare for
tbe second State Fair. They were Tarn,
tni. Lln and Marlon. The members of
the Marlon County Society waited till
they were Informed that nothing could
be dona for the fair In IS In Linn or
Tamhtll Counties. Major Joseph Ma
gone canvassed the then village of Sa
lem for subscriptions one dsy and re
ceived signatures for over 11700. It
was a good showing of public spirit,
and we of the Marlon County Society,
only 40 members paying tl a year In
membership fees, appointed a commit
tee to prepare grounds for the fair.
Committees Are Xamed.
Louis Byrnes, John Minto and Charles
Swegle were appointed on the commit
tee, and Chester N. Terry was secre
tary. Eighty acres of land was secured
and enclosed by an eight-foot fence, a
pavilion and ahow pens constructed, and
a good fair was heio. How It was done
I cannot now say. but am sure a better
spirit never pervaded any community
than that which existed at the first
State Fair. It waa a pleasure to work
with such men.
I do not know what others did. but I
waa signed for $1200 for lumber. Some
of It waa hauled from David Newsom's
sawmill at the north end- of Howell's
Prairie.
The fair was held and accounts re
corded and the Marion County Society
bad Jo against It. with 49 members
with tl a year membership fees: a
meeting was called and a committee
named to sell the grounds and Improve,
menla for the sum of the debt If It
could. R. C. Geer waa chairman, and I
think Charles Swei'le and the writer
served on this committee. I desired to
avoid a sale if possible, and made a
alight attempt at a second subscription.
making a first assay- with George H.
Jones, of the Salem Sash Door Fac
tory. He said.. "No. Mr. Mlnto. we gave
liberally before, but I'll tell you what I
would be willing to do. Make It a
county Interest to be held for fairs and
militia musters, and we will willingly
pay our share of the tax." I rode home
nursing Mr. Jones' plan, almost sure
Mr. Geer would make no written report.
Iteport Wins Approval.
1 tried that night and wrote the fol
lowing report: .
"To the Officers and Members of the
Marlon County Agricultural Society:
"Tour committee finds parties willing
to buy tbe grounds and Improvements
on which the last State Fair was held,
for the sum of the present indebted
ness on condition that fares continue to
be held there, and the owners of tha
grounds have control of the gate fees,
but this, in the Judgment of yqjir com
mittee. Is not the best means of dis
posal. We would recommend an appeal
to the County Court for the simple busi
ness reason that If 60 farmers have to
leave this county to attend tha State
Fair In another county, at the coat of
110 each, $500 Is taken out of circula
tion of this locality. If S00 farmers
come to Salem and spend as much. 15000
Is left here." This is a low estimate of
course.
The County Court listened to reason
and paid $3000 of the debt, leaving $600
to be paid by friends of the proposition.
S100 of which was paid by tha Ladd
Bush Bank, and on the third or fourth
year the County Court of Marlon Coun
ty presented the fair grounds to the
State Agricultural Society on condition
that a iUate Fair be held on them con
secutively for IS years.
Linn County had Its full quota of
public-spirited men: they bought and
Inclosed ground and held County Fairs.
They sent James H. Douthlt and John
Barrow as members of tha board of di
rectors; they found the condition of 15
annual State Fairs at Salem legally
binding and became steady friends of
the State Agricultural Society.
JOHN MINTO.
Secretary of the State Agricultural So
ciety for the two most successful
fairs of the first decade of Its history.
tWrltten from memory.)
' All the Earmarks.
London Punch.
Commander What's his character
apart from this leave-taking?
Petty Officer Well. sir. this man 'e
goes ashore when e likes: 'e comes off
when 'e likes: e uses 'orrlble language
when 'e's spoken to: In fact, from 'la
general behavior ' might be a orflcerl
The Place Where Your Credit Is Always
Good
Our Long Credit System proves of great benefit to young people just starting in married life, and also to
the man with family who comes from a distant part of the country to make Portland his home. A few
dollars as a first payment enables him to fit up a home of his own and escape the heavy expense of the
hotel or boarding house. - Many of our most valued customers began with us in a small way, and as they
prospered they purchased again and again. LOWEST PRICES EASIEST TERMS TO ALL
L , r
This Complete
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for Only . . . .
It Includes Brass Bed, Quartered Oak Dresser, Chiffonier, Rocktr and Chair
Made Like
I . JJ J . the Cuts
I ji
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UUViv t,.Auv a. -a .-.-- . j- ""O CJ
drawers, like cut; wood knobs; quarter-sawed oak in either polish or wax infinish, topped with a""
French bevel plate oval mirror 24x20 inches. Chiffonier of same high-grade material to match,
with French plate oval mirror. A splendid Simmons Brass Bed, like the cut. A Nurse or Sewing
Rocker and Chair of oak and made just like the cuts shown here. -
This Complete Outfit Worth
$73 Will Be Sold for
itsat
SdrT.rt $ 1 7.75
. a. i- - m..... i I 1 L I.- f..l. S
a- ' - ie
No. 25 A Davenport of full size, constructed of best
Eastern oak, upholstered in high-grade velour in
brown, green or red colors; biscuit tufted, strong and
durable steel spring construction. A real $27.50
value. A shipment of them on special $1 7 7C
sale at pl .O
Carpet Remnant Rugs 85c
One hundred Carpet Samples,
of lengths varying from 1 yard,
3.14 yards to V2 yards; no two
alike; in Body Brussels, Tap
estry Brussels and Velvets;
values of $1.00 to $2.00. Your
choice Monday at only, QC
each... OOC
V' iiV.TliiliaaVtVii mS
TP s FB
iaDestrv Brussels
al
Extra Soecia
Oriental Designs Three Patterns
$15 Value 9xlOr6 Size
50
Monday we shall place on sale a shipment of Tapestry
Brussels All-Wool Rugs, 9x10.6 feet in size; three dis
tinct patterns, all in the Oriental design; rugs worth
$15.00, going at the above low. price. Another sample
of the values we are offering during these Summer
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Many other styles and sizes going very cheaply.
Come and investigate and youll be convinced.
See These Big Values
RugS i
$1.50 and $1.75 Lace (O
Curtains, Special, Only
Se
A very attractive bargain for Monday and Tuesday in Ara
bian Lace Curtains. Three patterns from 'which to choose.
They are three yards long and of different widths. Regular
$1.50 and $1.75 values, Monday and Tuesday, pair.
A BIO
LEASER
FOR
MONDAY
AND
TUESDAY
mm:
PS!
; a n it i j
Jelly Glasses at 24c
Another shipment of Jelly Glasses, 35c per dozen values,
offered for Monday and Tuesday at this price, Q yl
per dozen a jl
These glasses are of the regulation size and are tin-capped.
The East Side
gain
Solid Oak
Buffets at
$ 1 7.50
No. 821. A big value in Buffets. Solid oak, built nearly like
the cut, on the same square lines ; one latere drawer, two small
drawers and a large cupboard; case 20x42 inches in size,
topped with a French
bevel plate mirror 36x8
inches. Regular $25.00
value, special
$17.50
EAST BURNSIDE STREET AND UNION AVENUE