TIIE SUNDAY OREGOXIAy, PORTLAND. ATOIL 16, 1911. D
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I
IS
Director of Experimental Sta
tion Makes Important
Prediction.
ECONOMY MEANS RICHES
Dr. Jainn Wilhycombr. Who Has
Jlade Spti-Ul Study of Ways of
Making Milk Place Pay,
Show ltd urn JVom Plan.
Than Pr. James Wlthycombe. director
ef the experimental station. Oreitnn
.Asricultural College, there is no better
equipped farming expert In the state.
Kellevtr. that Oregon will ultimately be
a territory of small farms. Dr. Withy
combe Baa made a special and exhaustive
study of ways and means of maklnr a
small farm pay. The epitome of his
work was Included In a lecture delivered
recently at the T. M. C A, Portland. In
which he said:
-Mr purpose la to speak about the
posslbllltl of a small farm. OreKon
nxrl.ulture will be ultimately charact-r-fxed
by It small farms. Inteslvely cul
tivated. This Is due to a hospitable
-11 mate and a potential soil, readily re
sponsive to Intelligent methods of hus
bandry. The state, as a whole, and more
specially some sections, enjoy a very
-wid- ranee of crop production. This of
Itself makes It hishly adaptable for the
small, but prosperous rural home.
rctnmy Menu Prosperity.
Tninomlc production means prosper
ity. Thus when a few acres of soli are
made to yield abundantly It brings
comfort and contentment to the owner.
I nder more Intensive culture, which
should b the logical accompaniment of
the small farm, acrlcultural production
would le greatly ausmented. Tina will
mean not only prosperity for the Indi
vidual, but the community as well.
"AH aenlth practically originates In
the' soil, thus greater attention 'should
be clven to soil conservation and the
problems of crop production. Since our
National ea!th Is so closely related to
su.esf'il sericulture. It would seem
thnt greater eriort should oe mnue
ae.iu iint n l.irc-r projortin of our pop
ulation iih the fundamental, or at least
elementary, prim Iples of crop, produc
tion. Agriculture should b more gener
allv taiivht In the public schools of the
state. It Is a mistaken Idea that this
branch of Instruction Is suited for the
country boy only. The city boy should
know something of the farm and the
j.roM.nis of rural life. Often by reason
of health and Inclination thev desire to
rtiaxc In some branch of husbandry, but
se.. precluded on account of a total lack
of knowirdK of the most simple things
x-rtalning to tlx- farm. "Hack to tne
soil.' Is a popular slogan, but It Is dan
xerous to need without some prepara
tion to cope with rural conditions. The
work of tills association Is greatly to be
commended Inasmuch as It has not over
looked the Importance of the farm In lla
great scheme of Industrial education.
-There Is another unoccupied field for
agricultural Instruction of an Intensely
practical tj pe. This Is a field worthy
the consideration of the philanthropists.
'or example, a large body of land suit
able for small farm homes may be se
cured and upon this departments of
dairying-, poultry huslwvndry. orcharding,
truck gardening, and general farming
be maintained; the labor to be performed
by young men from the city who desire
to take up life upon the farm: these men
to receive a wage and board for their
work with the understanding that they
may secure ten or acres for a homo
wi:en they art ready to meet certain
definite requirements which should be
within the reach of any Industrious, fen
gal jour.jc man. Such a farm, und.w a
proper system, should be self-supporting
and Intensely educational In a practical
wy. It requires greater skill success
fully to manage a small farm than It
does a reasonably large one. Thus It
Is Imperative that before a city young
man undertakes to farm for himself, he
should have some practical knowledge
f the Industry.
The state has been wisely commit
ted to th policy of supporting dem
onstration farms and experiment sta
tions for which provision has already
been made for the support of six. It
vroulil iw well. ho ever. whenever
practical, for high school to be estab
lished within easv reach of those farms
In whlcH work In agriculture Is given.
These farms would then have the dual
purpose of demonstrating to the farmer
corrr t aystems of husbandry and be m
potent sotiree of Inspiration and edu
cation to the blab school students. So
far as possible the state and county
should co-operate In this work. Noth
ing will Improve a rural community
mora quickly In a financial and social
way than a general dissemination of
correct Information relating to agri
culture. To-hnUal knowledge Is power
only when It becomes diffused through
Industrial activities.
Orrjeon t.rrat Stale.
Tregon Is a magnificent state. rka
In opportunities and possibilities. At
present, however, there Is grave danger
of ovrr-productlon In some directions.
Tte virtues of much lend am extolled
for certain spectfi.- pr xluctlons which
really are of questionable adaptability.
This Is a serious mistake, and the re
action that In many rases will Inev
itably follow will be harmful to the
best Interests of the state. The pur
of this address, however. Is to
emphasise the small farm. As before
stated, t reon Is destined to be the
bom,, of the small farmer. Ten acres
will prhaps be the sn alio unit for
soinr time. Tills even appears as a
very small farm to many. Ktghtly man
seed. 19 acres of good typical land In
tte humid or Irrigated sections of the
state can be made to yle'd a good
living for a family. It may be hazard
ous, however, for one to undertake to
make a litlng upon IV acres of land
without a well-grounded knowledge of
loval conditions. A larger unit would
be better so that mistakes which are
liable to occur would not bring such
financial disaster. I'pon a small farm
a single mistake, or the failure of a
single crop, mav a'fevt seriously the
total Income. The success of any farm,
whether It b large or small, will de
pend largely upon the personal equa
tion of tae oaner or the one In charge.
Some men will make a phenomenal
success of tiie small farm while many
others will make dismal failures. It
la doubtful If a single crop production
will prove successful, but a little of
seteral things coming In rotation, or
products that bring In a constant rev
enue are better than the ordinary one
crop system. A few rows, poultry, and
some fruit and Vegetables should re
ceive the attention of the small farm
ers. Not only la the ronstsnt revenue
from this system an advantage, but It
also affords continuous employment and
the cows and xultry will supply much
vsluablo plant food for diferent
(jus- it eareclaiiy Important tiat
OREGQN
HOME
FORSMALLFARMS
the soil of a small farm be kept In
a high state of fertility.
"A spirit of co-operation should be
prevalent In a small-farm community.
This Is especially necessary In team
work. Kach small farmer should have
one rood general purpose horse, which
can do all the work except plowing;
and general preparation of the soli ror
crops. When plowing Is to be done, it
should be arranged to have the neigh
bor's harse assist In thla work. There
will be many Instances where co-operation
will be highly desirable. The
investment In a h.gh-class dairy sire
should be under community co-operation.
Thla same principle should enter
largely Into the general distribution of
crops. Organisation and co-operation
la the very life blood of a successful
rural community. Without this It ts
doubtful If the small farmer can possi
bly reach the highest attainment In civ
ilization and wealth. Co-operation In
social and Intellectual affairs Is highly
Important. In fact, this spirit should
thoroughly permeate every rural ac
tivity. "The class of farming undertaken
should be largely governed by soli
adaptability and local market condi
tions, although a few cons and some
poultry are practically Indispensable
for success. It la not to be expected
that all of the feed for the poultry and
other livestock Is to be grown upon the
farm. The grain and mill feed should
be purchased, but this must be Judi
ciously fed and fed only to stock that
will give maximum returns for food
consumed. The farm must also be
made to produce the largest possible
crops. Soiling must be practiced for
the coa-s and all by-products carefully
conserved and utilized. The small
farm must be made to grow steadily
richer rather than poorer. It la a good
maxim to follow upon the farm to keep
nothing; In the form of livestock but
what la growing In value or yielding a
revenue In aervloe or production. The
hens must be young and vigorous and
tha cows not old and declining-.
Ilffornt Raks.Xot. Practicable.
"It la Impracticable to establish any
definite rules for conducting the small
farm. Systems must be worked out
to meet local market conditions, adap
tability of soil and other problems of
Interest must be considered. In a gen
eral way one acre should be utilized
for the buildings. lawn and home gar
den: four acres should be devoted to
the arrowing of hay for the livestock.
For Western Oregon conditions this
hav should be mainly clover, four acres
of good clover should yield IS tons of
har and furnish one montn a pasture.
One acre of tree . fruits, comprising
eaxlv Fall and Winter varieties of ap
ples, Bartlett and Winter pears. If the
land la sandy, peaches may aiso oe in
cluded. One acre of small fruits and
vegetables; one acre of potatoes, two
acres for growing summer torage ana
Winter succulent feed for the cows.
One acre of this should be planted to
corn Jo be fed green after the clover
pasture Is done. The remaining acre
should be planted one-half to kale and
a fourth to mangels and a fourth to
Winter rye and vetch for early Spring
cutting. This series of crops should
furnish, nnder good cultural methods,
sufficient green feed and hay for four
cow and one horse for one year.
-The gross returns from this sys
tem of farming should be approximate
ly aa follows:
Grons Returns Shown.
"Butter fat. 1100' pounds at 31 cents
per pound. t-SiZ; 21.000 pounds of skim
milk at 10 cents per hundredweight.
$11. This Is estimating the food value
for poultry, hogs or calves. Ksk from
iOO henrs. 1000 dozen at SSc rer dozen,
50; potatoes. $100: fruit. f'n: vege
tables. $iS: total gross Income $1409.
'Expenditures Feed for poultry,
t:uo: rive and one-half tons of grain
and mill feed for horse and cows at $:
per ton. I1S4; four tons of straw at
per ton. ISO. Total cost of feed and
bedding. IJ74. tbua leaving a balance
on the right side of the ledger of 1035.
From this, of course, should be de
ducted the cost of seed, depreciation In
value of horse and cows, spray mate
rial, repairs to buildings and fences,
blacksmithlng. Interest upon the In
vestment, taxes, eti-. which would ag
gregate about tl5. This would leave
a net balance of $70. It is understood
that the owner and his family does all
of th labor on the farm. This Is not
a large Income, but Indicates that a
good living may be made upon 10 acres
of land when well managed. The cost
of living upon a small farm will be ap
preciably less thsn In the city. Wood
will cost less, water Is free, and the
home garden will supply all the vege-
tablea for the family. I
"It should be definitely understood
at the outset, however, that the small
er the farm unit the greater skill Is
required for its successful operation.
Aleo that single-crop production, as a
general rule, la not the best system to
follow upon a small acreage. This, of
course, will depend mora or less upon
local conditions. For example: If the
lend Is peculiarly adapted for such spe.
clal cropa as onions, horseradish, as
paragus or celery. It may be advisable
to make the growing of these a special
ty. The one great objection, however,
to thus special crops Is the want of
general distribution of labor require
ments upon the farm. Systems that re
quire more or less constsnt labor are
better. This also Insures, as before
stated, a steady return. The income
should be constant from month to
month upon the small farm.
"The small-farm community has many
advantages over more sparsely settled
agricultural districts. Social opportu
nities are much better. The problem
of good roads Is more easily solved.
Country life under such conditions
more nearly represents urban life. It
combines the opportunity to enjoy the
health and vigor of rural life and the
social and educational advantages of
the city. The small farm Is destined to
solve the problems of country life. .1
Is here we shall find our sturdy. Intel
ligent and patriotic citizenship."
GREAT AREA RECLAIMED
fifty Square Mile in Central Ore
Con to lie Irrigated.
The building of the Oregon Trunk anJ
Ieschutes Railways Into Central Ore
gon has eimrred the development of that
section of the state, hitherto retarded by
lack of tranaiairtatlon facilities. Many
large development plans have been un
dertaken, among the principal of them
being that of the Ueschute Iaind Com
pany, the iortland branch office of
which Is at 1."-61T Henry building.
Thla company Is putting 50 square
miles of territory, more than ai.ooo
acres, under water In the Southern Les
chutna Valley.
The right to water this land was ob
tained from the Federal tiovernmcnt
and the State of Oregon under the pro-vt.-iona
of the Carey act.
The townslte of I -a line, the present
area of which Is 1:.'" acres. Is situated
on the property. Koth the Oregon Trunk
and Deschutes Hallways, according to
present plans, will pass through this
town, which Is In the center of the
tract, leaving no part of the area more
than" three miles from a railway. The
lines a projected will parallel each
other within loo yards.
To place wuter on this land It Is nec
essary to build about 60 miles of main
canal and 100 miles of laterals. Water
la to be delivered to the highest point
on each selection. The water Is being
obtained from Crescent fSjike and tl-e
east fork of the Deschutes River and
Is conveved to the area to be Irrigated
by gravity. Water will be delivered to
10.000 acres this Summer and to the
rest of the tract by the Fall of 1S12, the
ptuowtcta say.
COAST MOOD CAY
Portland's Festive Rose Per
fumes Whole West. .
WIDE PUBLICITY IS GIVEN
Carnival Management Swamped
With Requests for Information
About Programme and Demand
for Pointers on Plans.
From Vancouver, B. C, on the north
and Loa Angeles on the south, and
from as far east as Massachusetts and
throughout the Intervening territory,
daily newspapers, weekly journals,
monthly ma purines, trade papers, fruit,
flower, garden and nursery publica
tions have been besieging the pub
licity department of the Kose Festival
for special articles and illustrations re
garding the next annual celebration.
The field covered. In fact. Is much
wider than this, for Information and
literature are desired relating to the
history of the local floral celebration,
the annual competitive rose exhibitions
and the general development of rose
culture In Portland.
The demand for such matter, all of
which the festival management con
siders is excellent exploitation for the
city, has been such that headquarters
has been entirely unable to supply it
and is literally swamped.
This season la the first year in
which the call for such matter has
reached what could be called a general
demand throughout the country and
for the first time the cities of the
Coast have begun to take special in
terest In the Portland annual fete.
Vancouver Will Celebrate.
Vancouver makes its appeal because
a big vivlc floral celebration with ap
propriate parades Is being planned for
that city this Summer and Its leaders
desire to get pointers from Portland.
Seattle has shown special interest
also for the reason that it is working
out an annual season of gaiety to be
known as tne "Golden Potlatch" and
Its publicity managers have thrown
open the columns of the Town Crier,
of that city, the official organ of the
Seattle Chamber of Commerce, which
Is backing the "Potlatch." The Se
attle dailies are boosting; the Rose
Show that will be held there and have
offered to give generous space to the
celebration here so as to arouse the
"Seattle spirit" to a greater pitch of
rivalry.
Tacoma is also planning to hold a
similar exhibition and Is being sup
plied with full data concerning the
Portland festival.
Los Angeles and Pasadena, which for
years have been noted for the rose and
floral tournaments, are planning to
send a largo ppeclal excursion of busi
ness men to Portland for the Kose
Festival and to the Southern papers
are eager to give their reaoers some
idea of the class of ntertalnment that
may be expected when they arrive
here.
The floral, garden and outdoor pub
lications in various parts of the coun
try are chiefly Interested In learning
how the "Kose City" idea has devel
oped. They want special articles
showing Illustrations of the most at
tractive Portland gardens, hedges, bor
ders; Information regarding culture,
varieties, climatic conditions and the
annual exhibits as well as the decora
tion effects In the principal parades of
the festWaL
Inquiries Are Numerous.
From the inquiries that have already
been received and that have been
answered with articles and illustra
tions, it Is estimated that a circula
tion of close to 2.000,000 copies of the
different publications will be covered,
and all of It without a cent of outlay
to the festival.
In addition to this, country papers
In Wyoming, Montana. Idaho and East
ern Oregon are conducting voting con
tests for sending parties of popular
young women to the Kose Festival
and these different sections are being
flooded with news Items and litera
ture about the Kose Festival on a
scale that money could not buy.
More than 800 young womon are In
cluded in the contests which have al
ready been arranged for and under
way and all of these have become
urgent boosters for the Portland carni
val in their campaigns for votes in
those newspaper contests.
"We have never even approached the
volume of free publicity that we are
gettingthls year," remarked President
Ralph W. Hoyt. yesterday. "Nearly
every day we are receiving requests
for information and data not only con
cerning the festival, but about attrac
tive side-trips that the prospective
visitors may tako while they are our
guests."
"Cut out the dope! I'se Nature's
cure! It is oregnn Herbs' for kidney
and bladder trouble. Guaranteed at
Plummer's. Third and Madison.
ROOMY HOUSE ON PORTLAND HEIGHTS BUILT IN SETTING
rv 'A K "
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.-V, .fc 2 --
H i i -
home: op hert
I :
HEIGHTS HOUSE ROOMY
NEW HOSIB OF HENRY C. PRUD
, HOMME COMPLETED.
Beautiful Residence Situated In Set
ting of Native Trees Finish
Is Elegant.
Henry C. Prudhomme haa Just com
pleted an attractive residence on Port
land Heights, ' situated at the Junction
of Montgomery and Upper Drives. The
site Is a beautifully secluded eipot on the
west slope of the 'heights. This district
Is always cool In Summer, and protected
from the east winds in Winter. It to
surrounded by a grove of native trees,
wild cherry, dogwood, maple, alder, hem
lock and fir.
The house waa designed with especial
reference to extensive entertaining and
contains 13 large, well-lighted rooms.
The reception hall, opening from a wide
porch. Is by i feet, with a novel
double staircase plan, surrounding a
massive preesed brick fireplace. The
walla are In sepia, with a heavy molded
cove celling. Doors from the rear open
to a large view porch. Above this is a
bllltard-room and den, or ball room, of
the same dimensions, paneled to the
height of seven feet, with a cathedral
beamed ceiling and large rustic fire
place. The room Is lighted by 12 ease
ment windows, with window seats the
full length of two sides of the room.
Walls, celling and beams are all liard
finish. In a deep mahogany brown. This
color scheme le also maintained In the
3
o. pruuhomme, Montgomery axd
- -rI -
r
Buckingham Heights
1 20 Opportunities
Don't fail to visit Buckingham Heights today. We pay
your fare both ways. It is on the West Side,. 18 minutes
from Front and Jefferson on the Oregon Electric. Located
at Ryan Station. Come to our office for free tickets. We
have put the prices as low as we possibly can in order to
sell out the entire tract in one day if possible. Those who
are fortunate enough to obtain one of these lots will
always remember with pleasure the Easter Sunday they
picked out their home site. . .
Buckingham Heights is one of the prettiest locations you
have ever seen. You will admit that when you see it.
Trains leave Front and Jefferson at 10:20 A. M., 12:10,
2:10, 3:30 P. M. Come to the office for tickets 10 minutes
before train time. Don't be a slave to the landlord ajiy
longer. Get one of these lots and be free and happy. They
are priced at from $350 to $500. 10 per cent down and 2
per cent per month. Build your home right away. Live
in a tent while your home is being built. We will show
you how you can build your home and have it cost you less
than you are now paying for rent. You will be only
eighteen minutes from town, too. You will be on the West
Side, with no bridges to cross. To be sure of there being a
lot for you you had better take the morning train, or, at
latest, the first one in the afternoon. Free tickets at office.
THE WEST SIDE COMPANY
Madison Building, Third and Madison. '
dining-room, 20 by 20 feet, in size, which
Is on the lower floor. The paneling here
Is all of selected veneered fir. There is
an elaborate buffet and fireplace, and a
screened dining porch, which, together
with the dining-room proper, will seat
40 at table.
The kitchen is a marvel of conveni
ence, of ample size with tiled sink, clos
ets, store-room, wine cellar ana pantry,
bins, drawers and lockers. There are
six large bedrooms, besides two sleeping
porches with separate dressing-rooms.
The bedrooms have lavatories and full-
length mirrors. There are two bath
rnnmn three toilets, wood, coal and
clothes chutea, wood lifts and many
other modern building wrinkles.
This section is being rapidly improved
with an unusually fine class of Homes.
SHEKIDAX, OR., PAVES STREETS
Next Enterprise of Lively Town in
Valley Will Be Building City Hall
SHERIDAN, Or., April 15. The City
Council has voted to bond the city for
paving, and the work Is being pushed
to the fullest In laying 14 blocks. The
contract calls for the completion of the
work by early Summer, and when com
pleted Sheridan will have the finest
streets In the Valley. The paving Is of
concrete and the work is being done
under O. K. Gross, a local contractor.
Bridge and Main streets will be
paved entirely, and the adjoining side
streets will receive a portion of the im
provement. In the past three months
there has been considerable adverse
comment on the condition of Sheridan's
main thoroughfares, and unsigned and
anonymous letters in the local paper
deploring the condition of the streets,
have awakened the citizens to action.
In addition to the big contract for
paving, Sheridan is to have a new City
Hall.
OF NATURAL TREES.
upper drives.
NEW HOTELS PROMISED
WESTERN MOUNT HOOD SCENE
OF IMPROVEMENTS.
Elijah Coalman to Build on Site
Bought From O..C. Yocuni Sal
mon River Project Under Way.
In the "v'estern Oregon and Mount
Hood district there will soon be two
hotels. One will contain 50 rooms, will
be erected at Government Camp by
Elijah Coalman, who recently bought
the Mountain Hotel and 120 acres from
O. C. Yocum. who had conducted the
hotel the past 20 years. The other Is
now under construction on Salmon-River,
half a mile from the Mount Hood
wagon road, by Kern & Routledge, of
the Mount Hood Hotel Company, who
bought 160 acres for $5000 for that
purpose.
Mr., Coalman will leave for Govern
ment Camp this month to begrin the
erection of the new hotel building,
which he estimates will cost J15.00U.
The lumber will be sawed on the
ground by .the small mill which was
operated by Mr. Yocum and which
stands 200 feet from the new hotel site.
Work will be pressed as rapidly as pos
sible, but the old hotel will be used
until the new one has been finished.
Material for the hotel building for the
Mount Hood Hotel Company, to be built
on Salmon River, is now being sawed
near the site of the building-, and the
owners expect to have the buildinir
ready for this season. They will erect
a 40-room modern hotel., which will
cost $20,000. The owners bought lbO
acres to provide ample grounds for the
hotel and to develop a settlement about
the grounds. ;
Part of the land about the Khodo- !
dendron Tavern, on Zigzag River, near
the tollgate. has been platted and will
be sold in acreage to people who want ,
sites for Summer homes. Several Port
land people have already bought. Own
ers of the tavern, Rowe & Holden, have
not yet decided what they will do with
the hotel, but have announced that if
they do not sell or lease it they will
run It themsedves. as they have done
since it was built three years ago.
Considerable improvements have been
made at Welch's, and the Maulden Ho
tels, which are the told resorts on Sal
mon River soutn or me jnount hoou
wagon road. Besides these there are
several smaller places, including the
Sharon place.
The work that was done on tne Mount
Hood wagon road last year, under the -L'.-
rectlon of E. H. Wemme. of the Portland
Automobile Club, has vastly improved
the road, so it is considered certain
that It will be a popular road for auto
mobile parties this year. The fires
which shortened the season last year
and drove many people home are not
likely to occur again this season.
Large Investments in land have Deen
made between Sandy and Mount Hood
the past year. It is estimated that be
tween 3000 and 4000 acres have been
bought by outside Investors, who see
In the district rreat possibilities for
fruit growing. The farms around Fir-
land and Clierryvlile and rartlier out
have largely been subdivided and sold
in five and 10-acre tracts.
East Talking of Portland.
"fhe East Is all talking of Portland,"
said G. W. Brenner, who returned last
week from a two weeks' trip. "Wher
ever I went it was tne same, in a Ho
tel or train or any public place the
subject of Portland was sure to be
brought up within a few minutes.
Whenever I announced that I was from
this city it was certain that I would
become the center of an eager crowd
of questioners. It is surprising1 how
much they know about Portland and
other Pacific Cast cities in the East.,.
It is everywhere acknowledged, how
ever, that tills city is the one most en-v
titled to consideration. I was able to
interest a number of manufacturers in
Portland, and was successful in indue- '
ing two men to come to Oregon to buy
timber land."
llcrmiston Realty Moves.
HERMISTON", Or., March 23. (Special.
One of the. best evidences of the sta
bility of this city and project Is to he
found among the business men. There
are now r2 business houses here. Of
this number there are but five' proprii
tors who do not own real property either
In the city or country. A number of ,
clerks in the stores have also purchased
tracts of land In the reclamation serv
ice practically every employe has some
thins. Served
By
en
of Experience
MR. BUILDER:
Don't let boy salesmen sp-k-tt
your lighting fixtures,
nor don't let him charge you
exorbitant prices. Let ex
perienced men offer you sug
gestions and make prices.
We Know How.
M. J. WALSH CO.
311 Stark Street.
Lighting Fixtures, Floor and
AVall Tile, Kleetrical
Contracting.
We Have li e e n KHtablished In
1'nrtlnnd for Twenty - Six Yeara
Painting
Paper-hanging
Decorating and
Calsomining
ESTIMATION Fl KMSIIKn AND
WORK (ilARAM'EEll.
H. P. CHRISTENSEN CO.
Main l.s:i PHOF.S A 4711
Tenth nnd Davis Streets.