THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 12, 191.
If
Adellna Patti's Own Story, Hitherto' Unpublished, of How She Sang "Home Sweet Home"
for the -First Time in Her, Life at ? Lincoln's Re quest How Teresa Carreno Shocked Her
Father at the Time ofHer First Visit to the Liricolns Lotta and Maggie Mtchell, Two
Other White- House Favorites Other Stage Folk Who Helped to Lift the Gloom Tempo
rarily From the President's Brow Mrs. Lincoln's Fondness for the Drama.
incota
P 4 nJi,
X )
I S' riv . K7- ' w w I. v.- - 7 - v , us
L'7 ! fr--r - ' ',, hv 1
v V , V ,. - . - W. .- - - : ; : -V v s " ' '1
V ; I ,
(iCT7iA'J5e. in i'i f '"' 1 -1 . " " . ,
actfk tlun li t.'i nin ho had en- '-4 -'-w I 1 : 4
J.,1 im mhlr Mb:tlnn. of dr- "VT i otrduillYrftwZi "V
miir art In U, lln rpr hoim al r" . ;- . ' ' '( r. -?iii4uSC,
WMfrH. At 11 O'unpm. a pl hoii j -.-1 R J.' . if - ' . 1 ' : ' ! -". , "sTV
lr,.ir.l t. ):r vtrifij of llxalrl.ul ri. .j , f " . ; V ' - ''! " VS. (
ri.n known no,!(. a "raudn. " ofam- ' ' i . X S , - 5v X t0
but IrrmH --.rirt- at that , ' 'V ' ;, .; ' : I V . ." Jr7 :. " -VX ?
tlnir.ohat a ai adv.rlUvd ail "a Ilvrly ' ' ' ' X, t "' i j J f 'lA V
an. I boauitrul xh'h:tl.m of itiimVI artWid" ." . ' . . ! J K C V
havin a "in. and at vartou. tiinri . , ' ' f f ; t " ' ' J V 5 l ri,
rturlne thai Winter Hrrt arid Sivnrl. ; T V 1 V. i 2 Jr .f VS
Kurui-an piano rtrtunxl then touring ' ' ' ' ' i jW J yt,
tli. I nlt.d ,-;tr. ave rrrltala In a pub- '. ' I " v . . '1 5jy ' XfiF- V : '
tail. HriMiw tnrw nior. proiiiinrnl ! . ' I i - ' t I " "6 t
pUrr. of iiuuivmrnl. tliere rn a CM- 1 I .' , lis " r ' ' ' " 4
mw iiiu.euin. an rxlilbitlon of Itrown's ' ' . ' 1. ' I - Jfc "
pj:r.:!ns uf lit heron of i'alu Alto. i ' . V V 1& yfT'- X S
!". Moiiifrrjf an. I ilurna Vims and ' . - - 1 '.' Y S
' I tor of ereentri.lt lea." and sundry leo I II: J r,sW '' 1- ' . - A ' i 1
THERE la arm litlna; at t.ulTt!e.
Ky. a onuiit Im for four yearn
i fellow pupil f Mary Ti.ld
who afterward berime tfie wife of
Abraham t.ln. t)!n f ilnUmr Minlrll
rbonl for nun U'lle. at that period
rPo.t Ui-lve ejuratlonal retab.
Iirtment of the kind In the aisle of
Kentnrk. AlthtvuB"! trl ken In yearn
l In h'r sih year thin old lady
ma never to bave fora-ntten inlMn(
ronneriM wltn her riiminlunihlD wlih
"After the IJn-ilna went to WiiMni
t"n to ll," the atld rerenlly. "I i
txt! amuaed and IndlKnanl oyer the
way anne ot the Ma- liewapapara went
on about Mary unfitnesa fur ma pual
'low of rir.t laily of th Und. ttome
them went fjkt aa to lnlmut tha
en waa aciumiiy lliilerale. H hy, llry
Tnflii tn one of the ery
B'rls la Mi4n. Mantelli'a ac hool an
mtwv. ft. - I th i.r... i.. . .
in. biaceat priaes. Kren. h waa the
l.nruac of tie xHoui. and Mary Todd
epoa. ii a. fluently a rid Ma.Ume her
e.r. fin. j unuuii:y bru-M In
verytntna- ie attempftl. In rhetnrlr.
nd hlftory .-.e wa alwav at the head
of th. rla- I don't tx'Urv. there
er bee n a ITeuni j if. before or
alrre. wli ha I a better edu. itlun than
Mary Todd. !he had real tat far
tudr. After eh. finlahed at t!.e Mad
m. a she tok a nupplementary ruurs
t th Ward Arademy. at Ul.nfloii.
'" I r u lieliere fnr a moment that
Ury T"dJ Ui ked e. Juration.
"Sue i on of tue I-eminnton Todd.'
ronuimn trf. old ldy in a ton. wftirh
rnd li In-i.l y that n diacuaaloo of
tn. point n Decenary. "Hut h.
t In tho leaat U('( tsb on that r
Count Juat tv Jolly, companionable mrl
wltn a amil. for .rerrbody. is he wa
raai.y th life of th achooU alwaya
ready fur a stood tim. and wllllns to
oniribui. even more than h.r own
lt In promotinac It. bh. took a trat
Interest in oar .h l theatrloala and
waa always rromln.nt In them. Th
reminds m of my I nl thouaht when I
heard sha waa (ulDt to marry a poor
younc lawyer wh.m h. had met whlla
n a rlstt to ter aister In Prrln;f!eld.
Of tourn. w. KtrU at Madame Man-
trill a aa.d to iHmum our future bus
tunda. Urine down th. law pretty ax
pllntly a to what they would har. to
ba and what wa should expect of them.
Mary Todd stipulated ttiat ber choice
ahould b. willing and able to Vet her
as much of the theater as aha
wanted: beyond that, sh said, aha
didn t tipKl to be too particular.
To when I heard that Mary had
e!ioen a. strujcsllna young lawyer the
pla.in.st looking man In Spiinsfleld, her
atstar wrote rue t wondered how sh
waa coins; to mint; about tha thea-tor-aTolns;."
Mary Ldnvoln achieved her ambition:
tt was slow in comma-, but when sha
wect to Waehmit ton a.a the wits of th.
President of th. I'nited States th op
portunity which had mnnl so desir
able la the day of her cirlhood was
h.rs to accept If ah. would. Her 1
yttn of mirri J life in a country town
had nt dulled her taete for the drama
and. fortunately fr her. Jr. Lincoln
sympathised warmly wttn h.r In her
foedceas for the theater. Tiurlns their
fprlnrfleld life they were always lib
er aj patron of all the Itinerant shows
that came to town, and the man who
was workinar hH way t.y t.lo top with
an euercy that was heroic In Ita power
of endurance could alwaya spare time
to attend these rather infrequent en
tertainments, whlcti were all the way
from broadest farce to William hako.
speera.
attf.ik tlon lt tlie man ho bad en
Joe,J even rrinler exhibltlone of dra
matic 'l In the lllt opera hoim al
ripelMf eld. At li e input, a playhouee
detoir.l to the variet of IlKatrVal ex
preeatin known nowadays a. "raudn
rill;." but termed -variety at thut
lime. hat was advertteed as "a lively
and beautiful exhibition of model artmue"
u havinK a "m. and at varloue limrs
durlne that Wirier Hers and Sivort.
Kurui-an piano vtrtunel then tourlns;
the I Mted .-teli. save recitals in a pub
Itf I ail. Ilea'.iraa t.ieee more prominent
pUres of aruuevment. there were a Chi
neuie museum, an exhibition of Itrown's
p-i:r.:!nite of the heroeaj of i'aio Alio.
Krew-i. Mouterey and Ilurna Vl.ata and
i of rower "Ureek Slave.'- the perfor-
nience of on Ir. alentlne. "ilelln
ator of ercentrwttle.-- and sundry lec
ture, which were juat beginning to be
popular. There Is no reaaun to be
Ileve that romrn.m.ii Lincoln kept
himself aloof from any of the means
or counteracting the lonellneaa which
was due to the absence of his wife and
children and th unconcenlitl atmos
phere of Mrs. o'prlKKs' boardina--houe
In Imff I. re. u s Low. Capitol Hill.
Fourteen years later, when the Lin
rains went to lire In the White llou
the public entertainment feature had
aiade a distinct advance, se veral new
places of arnuarrne-tt had been opened
and the time had arrived when every
thing beet In the muelral and dramatis
wy found It way to th National Cap
ital. It was then, for th first time In
their lire, that the Llncclns were able
to see and hear many of the famous ac
tor and etna-era of the time, an oppor
tunity which they accepted at full
ralue. cot only by f rro.ien t Ina- the play
houses and halls In which the celebri
ties appeared, but by eitendlr.a- to man
of thee fooWlajht favorites the coveted
noapitallty or th White House.
Some of thus who were aa truly per
sona grata at the Presidential man
sion a moet of the more or leas dis
tinguished Individual who crossed Ita
threshold during the Lincoln trnsncv
are still In the flesh, and th warmth of
th welcome they received, the unaf
fected geniality of their host, and the
matronly charm of their hostess have
never pas.aed from their memories.
Adrllna rttl at the? White Hoa.
On who cherlahe her recollection r
tne uncoinr friendly Interest In her aa
one of her moet precious treasures Is
Adellna Pattl. Baroness Cederatrom. To
a iciiow singer, also retired, an Ameri
can woman wno knows her wen iy,
empress aowager or grand opera told
the story of her first vi.it to th. u-hn.
xiouea.
was a yonnar rtrl. a vrr
girl." she said, "when Mr. Lincoln saw
me for the first time. Let me see: it
muai neve Dean la ISiJ or ldit that I
made t"Jt first concert tour with
Maurice Ktrakosch and Ole Bull. Ten.
was in UiJ and I waa lu.t la
ft age. Tou see. I don't fiht .hr nr
roor. ve gar a concert In
ashlngtoa. and It aa kisiuiiui th.
air. uncoin was In th city on nrofea.
lonal business. He wanted ta heae tha
great Norwegian violinist, and that la
now ne Happened to hear ma sine-
i aon i rememoer what It waa. bur l
-aa prooaoiy something Tery colora
r.ttore warm had taught me
omrtnmg to Show off an Infant
prodigy, you know. Mr. Lincoln heard
me that night and I made quite an Im
pression on him. When he return.
hi home at Springfield he had not
oraotten me. Kven th memory m
....... . . - ...... j v. v '
,.u... wonoerxui playing hadn't effaced
poor little me entirely, and If you had
When Lincoln Va a Congreaman.
H
ever heard that wizard of the rlolln you
would appreciate what a compliment It
irtlst had don. hi a..
r. unrein opportunity to cultivate '" remeraoereo me when
the drama at cloa rarma had been
rather less restricted than that of his
wife. In November. I5;. he went to
Washington as Concrrisman from his
district, and althouxb the Washington
of taat date waa but a faint outline of
th lit! pe rial rity of today. It offered
considerably more In tr way of amuse
ment than did Sprmcftrld or any of the
county seats of th. rlrrutl on which
Mr. Lincoln traveled In the practlr of
his profession. His wifa did not accom
pany him to Washington, th burden of
family car. making It Imperative for
her ta remain In the new home which
Lincoln bad acquired la Kr rlnaf leld.
Tneatrtcal aUlra at the National capi
tal were I! I la a decidedly primitive
eaMldl'lon. The Adelphl Theater waa
opnHl that Winter, and th plays that
w.rw preaa.r.fe.1 tfeere. trd!ocr and
poorly acted as they were, arfordeJ great
he
Lincoln
o( num. ann spoge or me to hi wife
and predicted that I was going to have
a career. So. you see. my queer little
vocal pvroiechnica must have Im
pressed Mm.
"How do I know all this? Mr. Lin
coln told me. but not at that time. I
didn't meet him then and didn't know
for some time afterward that such a
person existed. It waa not until he
had been In the White House more than
a year that I found out be had heard
me sing nine years before that time.
During these nine year a great many
Important thing had happened. Mr.
Lincoln had been President for mora
than a year and t too. had experienced
some eventful changes. Contrary to
the predictions of erme of tbe noted
musical experts of the day. my voice
had not said rood'tiy to me. but had de
veloped Into something worth while.
In IIS, Ettore Barlll he waa th
teacher, you know, who made xne what
I turned out to be declared I was ready
for grand opera, and. although I waa
not quit 1 I actually made my operatlo
debut to America at the old Academy
of Music In New York. I really achieved
quite a triumph on that occasion, due
In part to my youth and to th fact that
I wast practically a New York girl. I
remember that one of the noted news
paper critics said that a real Gllda had
arrived. The opera was our old friend
"Rlgolctto," and I suppose I did fairly
well for a girl, but the London and
Pari folks were very skeptical.
"in May. 1H.U I made my London de
but as Amlna in "La- Somnambula." a
role that leaves no doubt concerning
one'? vocal ability, you know. Well, I
won out. as the sporting folks say, and
the following year I came back to Amer
ica and sang In several large cltiea. It
was In the Fall of that year, lssi that
I met Mr. Lincoln and hi wife and wag
received by them at the While House.
rattl Meet the Frealdcnt.
"We were giving three performanceai
at the Capital. It was the first night of
our engagement and I was singing
Amlna. Some time during the progress
of the opera some one remarked that
President Lincoln waa in the house, but
was en ' absorbed In my own affairs
and In those of the doleful heroine that
paid Utile attention to anything else.
and when Maurice StraJcoech came and
asked ma If I would like to meet the
President I had forgotten all about hi
presence In the theater.
Ol.. I don't know,' I answered rather
indl Keren tly1 was very young, you
know, and considerably spoiled by my
good fortune. 'Ia It absolutely neces
sary r
'It would be something unheard of
to decline especially since he has ex
pressed a wllllngneea to meet you. my
Impresario returned seriously.
very well, tnen.' I said, see n there
wa no help for It and believing that
my manager regarded the matter from
a purely business viewpoint. Come on.'
I added quickly- 'Let have it over as
soon as possible.
"I waa dressed for the sleep-walking
even not a costume, you will admit. In
which to meet strangers and I picked
up the first thing at hand it happened
to be a bis broadcloth cloak, the prop
erty of Mr. 9trakosch and wrapped
myself in it. Thus accnutered. we made
our way to the back of the President's
box.
"Judge of my surnritae when a tall.
dark man standing alone in the shadow
who has set the whole world talking
about ber wonderful singing.'
Then the President entered tho room.
He greeted us cordially and again made
mention of the great change in me since
the Ole Bull concert. 'I shall always
regret, Mary, that you were not with
me at that time,' he said, turning to
his wife.
" 1. too, have regretted it,' she said.
" 'Huch a self-possessed little woman
and with such a voice,' he went on.
"By this time I was actually blushing
. . w . . . . . '
"t"T "'CPP lorwarai j w ,tm rery yoUng. you know
u. jou nave cnangea a great aeai
since I saw you last. I don't believe I
hould bave recognised you.'
"Of course I could only star and won
der, but he went right on and told me
all about seeing me with Ole Bull, in
ii&i. The entire length of that first
meeting couldn't have exceeded five or
six minutes, but the President waa en
perfectly charming that it seemed aa if
I had known him alwavex and when I
left him I had received an Invitation to
call next day at the White House to
meet Mrs. Lincoln. I noticed as I went
on again that the President wan not In
his box. Later on. Mr. Strakosch told
me that he had been seen very seldom
at place of amusement ulnce the death
of Ills little boy, Willie, which had oc
curred the previous Winter and that
Mrs. Lincoln had not yet reappeared in
public
Pattl Sings for Lincoln.
'The following afternoon my manager
took me up to the White House and we
were received by Mrs. Lincoln In one of
the big parlors. The President's wife
waa a handsome woman, almost regal
In her deep black and expansive crino
line, only an outline of white at her
throat and wrist. Her manner, too,
was most gracious, without a particle
of reserve er stiffness.
"My dear. It Is very kind of you to
come to aee us,' sh said, taking both
my hands in hers and smiling in my
face. 'I have wanted to see you to see
the young girl who has done so much, j
and so. without waiting to be asked, I
volunteered to sing for Mrs. Lincoln.
"'Thank you. so much, my dear,' she
said. 'I have been wondering how I
could manage it without seeming pre
sumptuous.' "I drew off my gloves and went to the
piano. First Mrs. Strakosch accom
panied me in a couple of rather florid
things we both knew, and then I sang,
to my own accompaniment, "The Last
Rose of Summer,' which I should have
to repeat a few hours later, the opera
for that evening being "Marts." When
I had finished the last long-drawn-out
note of the song, I turned to have a look
'at my audience. Mrs. Lincoln had risen
from her seat and was standing at a
window in the back part of the room,
with her back toward me. Of course, I
couldn't see her face, but J knew she
was weeping the melanchoj strains of
the ballad had recalled the sense of de
privation and set her heart aching with
renewed bitterness. I reproached myself
that I had made such an awkward
choice, and was about to attempt to
remedy my mistake by ending the per
formance with a rollicking bolero when
Mr. Lincoln, who had been sitting mo
tionless on a sofa near by, bis eyes
shaded by his left hand, asked without
removing his fingers from his face:
" "Will you please sing "Home, Sweet
Home?""
"Strakosch gave me to understand In
an undertone that he was unfamiliar
with the air, but, fortunately for me. I
knew It well enough, although I had
never sung it. I didn't know the words,
though, and while I was wondering how
I should manage it, the President rose I
from his seat, went quickly to a small
stand at the foot of the piano, took
from it a small music book, with a
vivid green cover, and placed It on the
piano rack, opened to the music of
"Home. Sweet Home.' Then he returned
to his seat without a word and resumed
his former posture.
"Well, I sang the song the very best
I could do it. and when Mr. Lincoln
thanked me his voice was husky and his
eyes were full of tears. By that time I
was so wrought up over the situation
myself that 1 actually blubbered when
we were taking leave of the recently
bereaved parents.
"As we were being driven back to our
hotel. Strakosch congratulated me on
the success of my first visit to the
White House.
"'I won't look at it in that way!' I
declared indignantly. 'There are other
things in life besides business.'
" 'I quite agree with you," he admit
ted soberly. 'I give you my word of
honor that I had some difficulty In
subduing my emotion while you were
doing that folk song. The way I suc
ceeded was by picturing to myself tho
hit you might make with it as a posi
tively final encore.
"I gave him an indignant look, but I
saw he was perfectly serious. 1 re
pudlated his suggestion mentally, but I
sang the homely old song that very
nlcrht at the opera, and I have been
singing it ever since. How many times.
I wonder?'
SI inc. Teresa Carreno and Her First
Visit at the Lincolns'.
Late In the Fall of 1863, soon after
the Llncolna had returned from their
Bummer sojourn at the Soldiers' Home
and were settled again in the Whlto
House, the President and his wife and
Tad the elder son, Robert, was a
senior at Harvard went to hear an
other infant prodigy, that time a little
pianist from Venezuela who : was as
tounding the musicians and delighting
even the unmusical by her wonderful
technique and skillful interpretation of
the best classical compositions.
This diminutive artist, who figured
on the playbills of those days as Little
Teresa and Is still a living refutation of
the assertion that prodigies do not de
velop Into mature excellence, appealed
stronelv to the tender maternal sym- j
pathy so prominent in the character of
Mrs. Lincoln, and 'the President him
self was scarcely less attracted toward
the clever little musician who after
ward became Mine. Teresa Carreno.
Mme, Carreno still preserves a very
lively recollection of an afternoon spent
at the WThite House, to which she was
taken by h'er father in response to a
pressing invitation from the President
and Mrs. Lincoln.
"I was a capricious little minx." she
said. In relating the episode, "not a day
older than 9 and with a will that was
considerably stronger than my physical
appearance, which was that of a child
even younger. I simply tyranniaea over
my people and waa fully alive to tne
fact teat my alleged genius was per
mitted to override every other consid
eration. I must have been an uncanny
little creature, for I seemed to realize
that I was the breadwinner and that I
was entitled to special treatment on
that account.
"Now to show you how much of a lit
tle terror I was in those days, let me
tell you how I domineered over my poor
fathe-. who was an excellent amateur
pianist. Up to the time of my first ap
pearance in concert in New York I had
had no other teacher, and my father
had taught me only the most classical
music Bach, a number of movements
from tl,e Beethoven sonatas, some Scar
latti, but mostly 'The Well Tempered
Clavichord.' It happened that Louis
Gottschalk, then at the height of his
popularity as a concert pianist and com.
poser, was in the hall and heard me
play. He was so Interested In my per
formance that be called , on my father
next day and volunteered to instruct
me. ,
"Of course, Gottschalk was a very
brilliant player, but my father detested
his compositions and wanted me to i
keep on with Bach and Clementi. He
warned me, with tears in his eyes, that
no one could become a real artist with
out a proper foundation in Bach. From
sheer perverseness, I believe, I decided
right then and there to study with the
American pianist. I yegan.to play his
pieces at all my concerts and he taught
me to do. them as exactly like himself
as possible.
"As my father and I were going to
the White House that morning, he im
plored me to play something severely
classical If Mr. Lincoln should invite
nie to try the piano. He had an id".i
that Bach would be-suitable lor such
an occasion, and although T did not
agree with him. I said not.hliis. resolv
ing mentally to do aa 1 liked perhsp.i
decline to play at all.
"The President and his family re
ceived us so informally and tliey were
all so very nice to me that I almost
forgot to be cranky under the sp.-ll
of their friendly welcome. Jly self
consciousness all returned, however,
when Mrs. Lincoln asked me If I would
like to try the While House grand
piano. At once 1 assumed the most
critical attitude toward everything
the stool was unsuitable, tho pedal.i
were beyond reach, and, when I had
run my fingers over the keyboard, tho
action was too hard. My poor fatiier
suggested that a Bach 'Invention' would
make me more familiar with the action.
"That was quite enough to inspire
me to instant rebellion. Without an
other word, I struck out Into Gott
schalk's funeral "Marchc de Nuit,' and
after I had finished modulated into
'The Last Hope' and ended with 'Tho
Dying Poet." I knew my father was
in despair and it stimulated me to ex
tra effort. I think I never played with,
more sentiment. Then what do you
think I did? I jumped off the piano
stool and declared that I would play
no more that the piano was too badly
out of tune to be used.
"My unhapps' fatlior looked as if he)
would swoon, but Mr. Lincoln patted
me on the cheek and a.ked me if I
could play 'The Mocking Bird' with,
variations. I knew the air and I did
n't hesitate over the variations. The
whim to do it seized me and I returned
to the piano, gave out the theme, and
then went off in a series of impromptu
variations that threatened to go on
forever. When I stopped it was from
sheer exhaustion.
"Mr. Lincoln declared that it was ex
cellent, but my father thoutiht I had
disgraced myself and he never ceased
to apologize in his broken English.
until we were out of hoaring."
Lotta and Mnsrsrie Mitchell White
House Visitors.
It was during tho latter part of the
Lincolns' o. i tipuncy of the White IIousw
that Charlotte Crahtree, the theatrical
Idol of the '60's, was at the apogee of
her fame. It is Impossible for any one
who is not a survivor of the last gen
eration of theater-goers to realize th
universal admiration and esteem in
which this admirable young comedienne
was held by the American public. Her
qUccess was duo almost entirely to her
personal worth and charm, for the
pleces'in which she became famous pos
sessed small literary merit. Born with
the true dramatic Instinct, she began
her stage caree' at the age of 10 and
her early sobriquet of Little Lotta con
tinued to be a term of endearment un
til her retirement, in 1891.
Miss Crabtree she never married de
spite the fact that she might have had
the pick among a host of eligibles for
the choosing is still a vivacious and
fe-y attractive woman in her 64th year,
a mistress of a large fortune of her
own "jpbuildlng and yet in possession
of much of the personal magnetism
which made her so irresistible in her
younger days. Her memory is a pre
cious storehouse filled with the record
of her social and dramatic triumph?,
and there is nothing In it more sacred
to her than her recollections of many
pleasant hours spent in companionship
with the Llncolns at the White House.
Maggie Mitchell, too who, as Mrs.
Charles Abbott, is still living at El
beron, N. J. was a prime favorite at
the White House, as she was every
where else, for she had captured tho
American public With her dainty im
personation of "Fanchon the Cricket,"
and her equally interesting succes
sors "Mignon," "Lorlo," "Nan," and
.'Jane Eyre."
In 1862 Kate Bateman achieved a re
markable success in such legitimately
tragic roles as Julia, Pauline, Juliet
and Lady Macbeth, and In 1S64 tlrn
Llncolns saw her as Leah the For--
saken. a most realistic impersonation
that appealed powerfully to President
Lincoln. Miss Bateman, who was of a
Baltimore theatrical family, was a
young woman of great intellectual en
dowment and personal charm and was
a social favorite In the most select
circles at the capital. She met the
Lincolns frequently and visited them
at the White House.
Another surviving famous actress
who came to know President and Mrs.
(Concluded on Page 4.)