The Sunday Oregonian., January 01, 1911, SECTION FIVE, Page 3, Image 55

TIIE SU'DAr OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, JANUARY 1, 1911.
Three Dozen Events of Importance Have Befallen in the Initial
Honrs of Various Twelve-Months, With De'sousa's Discovery of
the Bio de Janeiro to Head the Record and Georgia's "Going Dry"
to End It.
BT WARWICK JAMES PRICE.
HISTORICAL coincidences are never
uninteresting. That John Adams,
Thomas Jefferson and James Mon
roe should all have died on the Fourth
of July, that the stamp act should have
been repealed on Washington's birth
day, that Charlemagne and William tho
Conqueror should both have been
crowned on Christmas, that General
"Fred" Grant should have arrived In
the world on Decoration Day such
happenings seem to gain a doubled
authority from the chance that brought
them to record on a day already
narked. The long annals of New
-rear's hold an even three dozen such
events, notable each In Its place, and
each something the more notable be
cause of the falling together of holi
day and Incident.
There la this to add concerning the
opening day of the year In thia con
nection: That several of Its hlstorlo
entries) have not come through the
mere doctrine of mathematical chances.
hot only because It was an obviously
desirable day for the doing of certain
things. Choice, not chance. In other
words, fixed upon January 1 for the
annual payment of beaver skins to the
monarrha of England by the then-proprietors
of Pennsylvania, for the first
Issue of London's world-known Times,
for the opening of that "Bank of the
United States" which set In motion the
financial snowball which has since
rolled up to a continent-wide system
with practically a billion dollars of
capital behtpd It
Banks and Beaver Skins.
It was 11 years ago today (17S3)
that this first bank came Into being,
the result of an act of Congress, passed
the Spring before, ursred and engi
neered by Alexander Hamilton, then
midway through his term as Secretary
of the Treasury In the Cabinet of Pres
ident Washington, and nothing stands
more to the man's credit than the tak
ing of this first step In placing the
central government of the land offi
cially behind Its National finances. The
capital of S10.OOA.noo was one-fifth
provided by the Federal treasury, the
rest being taken up by public subscrip
tion In 1100 shares. Thomas Willing,
of Philadelphia, was the first presi
dent of the Institution, which began
business- In that venerable Carpenter's
Hall, where the historic Continental
Congress had held Its earliest sesslona
Philadelphia, as our capital, was prop
erly headquarters, but there were
branches In New Tork. Baltimore and
Charleston.
The -City of Brotherly Love" figures
again In a New Tear's day event of
170. when, for the last time, agents of
the Pennsylvania "Proprietors'" deliv
ered at Windsor Castle two beaver
skins. In token less of fealty than In
the carrying out of a century-old cus
tom. William penn had covenanted
with the Stuart Charles, second of the
name, on this basis when his charter
was granted him In 1(89. and from 1SSJ
onward the pelts had been handed over
to the seven monarchs who uid suc
cessively reigned from London.
Between these two happenings, on
January 1. IT S3, the British capital re
ceived the first copies of the "Pally
Universal Register," destined Just three
years later to change Its name to "The
Times." under which caption It has
romn today to be probably the most
widely-read paper In the world. John
Walter (first of the four to bear the
name) founded that pioneer sheet,
with only the "Dally Courant" and "The
British Oaxette" then In the English
CRY OF HARD TIMES NOT HEARD
AT HOTELS AND LOBSTER PALACES
Governor White of New York Quits Office Unhappy, Pitiable Political Figure New Apartment-Houses Adopt
Many Novelties Magistrates Appeal for Abolition of Men's Night Courts,
BT LIXTD P. LO.VEROAX.
NEW YORK. Dec 31. (Special.)
Another blow to the cry of hard
times has been given by the ex
perience of local restaursnt proprietors,
who are convinced that this will be an
exceedingly happy New Year.
At every big eatlng-houae tables were
at a premium tonight, the majority of
the reservations having been made
weeks ahead. Only "big spenders" were
welcome, and the amount they expended
satisfied expectations.
New Year has always been the red
letter night In the lobster palaces. Why
men and women should select this as
the beat night on which to make pigs nf
themselves Is a question never satis
factorily answered.
Election night, which hss always been
a close second, was a distinct disap
pointment this year. Many boni faces
feared another "froat" was In sight, out
they have, been agreeably surprised. Al
though the receipts have not been maue
public, enough has been learned to war
rant the prediction that 1S11 will start
off with a good balance in the strong
box of hotel and restaurant men.
New Officers I nr tailed.
Tomorrow marks the time when the
new officials elected at the polls last
November, take office. As the state
law separates local and state elections,
and 1)10 was a "local year." the
changes only affect legislators and a few
Judges. In fact, the only Important city
change concerns John J. Dclany. elected
to the Supreme Court after having been
one defeated. Strange to say. the man
he licked will remain In office. Justice
Whitney having been shifted to another
unexpired term by Governor White on
his own last day In official puxttlon.
White, by the way. is a pitiful politi
cal figure. After a lifetime In office,
he finally reached the goal of his ambi
tion only when his career was ended.
During his long term as a State Sena
tor, and later as Lieutenant-Governor.
Whit was universally regarded as a
rich and honest politician. But some
of the investigations of Superintendent
Hotchklss injured the reputation of an
Insurance company with which White
was connected, and at the time he was
promoted to the Executive Munelon
Horace White could not have been
elected poundmaster. He stands well
with the leaders of the organisation and
would have been nominated to succeed
himself had it not been for his insur
ance trouble. As It was. his name was
not mentioned In the convention, even
br the delegates from his home county,
Onondaga.
Hotels Adopt Novelties.
Something new in apartment houses la
going up In Manhattan nearly every
novelty became known th other day ,
field as competitors: -he printed It from
"types" composed of syllables, not let
ters, and he charged two-pence-ha'penny
for It; paying to the government
a duty on all advertisements and an
additional stamp tax of a penny for
every sheet. When "John the Second"
took charge. 18 years later. It had a
circulation of 1000 copies: "The Thun
derer" of the present (merely one of
nearly 10.000 journals Issued every
morning in the United Kingdom) cir
culates to the extent of nearly a thou
sand thousand.
A Wedding and a Great Novel.
Did Thomas Jefferson and Mistress
Ekelton set the New Tear's of 1772 for
their marriage because the day seemed
fittest of all the S65? Did George Eliot
begin "Homola" with the coming in
of 1862 fo ra like reason T
The young Virginia lawyer and mem
ber of the House of Burgesses (one day
to be our third President) was three
months less than 29, when he took to
wife Mrs. Martha Skelton, a beautiful
and childless widow some years his
Junior. "Montlcello" had Just been
made habitable, and there the two
happy ones went Immediately after the
ceremony. The next 12-month, on the
death of her father. Mrs. Jefferson In
herited 40.000 acres and 135 slaves.
Marian Evans, whom the world of
novel readers knows under her nom de
plume of "George Eliot." was nearly
43 when she started on "Romola."
"Amos Barton." published In "Black
woods" six years before, had Introduced
her to that world of letters In whlhe
she was to ' tmmortallxe her name.
"Adam Bede." "The Mill on the Floss"
and the perfect little "Silas Marner"
had come in "S, (0 and CI. and then,
on the first day of '(2. she penned the
opening paragraphs of that historical
story which purports to be a picture
of 15th century life In Florence but
Is In reality the story of the age-old
contest of the coward soul and the
noble one. "It quite lacks the 'atmos
phere' of mediaeval Italy," wrote Hugo
of It. "though as a great canvas of
things and places It Is almost photo
graphically correct." The latter part
of the great Frenchman's dictum could
not but have been true, for the author
ess, who had twice before visited the
sunny peninsula, now made a special
trip there to gather "local color." She
read, she says, 200 volumes, first and
last. In preparation for the tale, and
she adds: "I began It a young woman;
I finished It an old one," so that the
editors of "CornhlU" got It cheap for
135.000.
Some Black New Year's.
No odder, less happy New Tear's day
ever dawned than came over the little
South African town of Krugersdorp 15
years ago. Through all the twelve
month that had then Just closed the so
culled "Ultlanders" (that Is. not native
Dutch) who bad taken up mining ope
rations in the Transvaal had been driv
en from pillar to post by the high
handed measures of "Oom Paul" Km-
ger and his bearded cabinet, till at last,
at Christmas time, .they had sent an
appeal Tor aid oy torce or arms it
need be." to their English fellows In
Cape Colony. Dr. Leander Jameson took
up their causa, crossed the frontier
on the 29th. and on the first day of
189C met disastrous defeat at Krugers
dorp. Outnumbered and without sup
plies, the fighting was a forlorn hope,
and when a score had been killed and
more than twice as many wounded,
the little band of "Raiders" (scarce
600 all told) surrendered, and mere
marched prisoners to Pretoria. This
wm the text for the Kaiser's since
famous telegram of congratulation to
the venerable chief executive of the
Boer republic: this. too. was the text
for the bitter war which followed.
when the announcement was mads that
Senator Elihu Root had taken an apart
ment on Fifth avenue, now neating com
pletion, and where the rentals range
from $3000 to 145.000 a year.
The Senator's suite consists of 22
rooms and eight baths, which is cer
tainly enough for a small family. The
building Is fitted up with all the latest
Improvements. Including the following
novelties:
A wireless station on the roof, pow
erful enough to send messages many
miles out to sea; pneumatic tubes con
necting the various apartments with the
office; a new Invention whereby mes
sages written In one room will appear in
the office or vice versa In tho hand
writing of the original writer, and a
private detective force of eight men to
foil burglars and run down crooks.
Night Duty Is Disliked.
Tho local police Magistrates have de
cided to appeal to the Legislature In an
effort to secure the abolishment of the
Men's Night Court. They claim it Is
Inconvenient and unnecessary.
This crusade has not aroused publlo
sympathy to any great extent. Folic
Magistrates have an easy life and re
ceive good pay. their salaries being
$7000 earn, or 11000 a year more than
United States District Judges receive at
the present time. Furthermore, the em
ployes of Uncle Sam work week In and
week out. while the Police Magistrates
have a swing system that gives them
IS days on duty and ten days off In
succession, which makes their "off
time" amount to about 140 days a year.
When on duty they labor from A.
M. to 4:30 P. M.. with an hour or m
for lunch. The thing that Is troubling
them Is that each has to take a urn
at night duty.
Instead of curtailing their duties, a
suggestion has been mad that they be
Magistrates be given authority to act In
cases of petty larceny and minor as
sault. At present an they do for their
$7000 a year Is to hold prisoners for
the grand Jury In felony cases or for
special sessions when the offense Is a
misdemeanor. The result Is that spe
cial sessions calendar Is choked with a
mass of petty crime, and the Judges are
always months behind In their work.
Furthermore. If a man is going to be
fined S3 why Is It necessary to hold
two Judicial trials In the matter?
Hearst and Scouts at War.
The American Boy Scout Is no longer
marchtng to that stirring music of
"Hearst! Hearst! Hearst!" For the
scouts are now ambushed outside of
the newspaper reservation, and volleys
of poisoned arrows. In the shape of
charges and counter charges, are being
exchanged.
Hearst formed the organization, was
with its ghastly toll of life and money.
Dark New Year's, too, dawned for
Virginia's Norfolk and Manchuria's
Port Arthur In 1776 and 1905. In the
one case Murray, Earl of Dunmore,
George Ili a Governor of the "Colony,"
had Just been driven from Its shores by
a people infuriated at his dissolution
of their Assembly. As the twelve
month came in which was to see the
struggling land officially proclaim her
Independence, British vessels appeared
off Norfolk and. und'er Dunmore's or
ders, proceeded to burn the town.
A Russian Imperial court-martial has
decided that General Etoessel was a
cowardly Incompetent, and that Port
Arthur might have held out much
longer than It had when the year 1905
came In. but when the world, reading
the dally news of the far Eastern
conflict between the Japanese bulldog
HISTOBIO DOINGS OF NEW YEAR'S AS FOUR CENTURIES
HAVE PASSED.
THE UNITED STATUS.
1772 Marriage of Thomas Jefferson and Mistress Martha Skelton.
1776 Burning of Norfolk. Va, by the British under Earl Dunmore.
1777 Franklin authorized to negotiate a treaty with Spain.
1792 "Bank of the United States" opened In Carpenter s Hall, Pnlladel-
180 Importation of slaves In the United States prohibited by Congress.
1829 First "First Night" at the Walnut-street Theater, Philadelphia.
18S0 Birth of Paul Hamilton Hayne. at Charleston, South Carolina.
1831 William Lloyd Garrison first Issues "The Liberator, In Boston.
1832 Formation of the Boston Anti-Slavery Society; J. G. Whtttier. sec
retary. 1839 Birth of James Ryder Randall, at Baltimore. Maryland.
184S Opening of Stephen Glrard's College for Orphans, at Philadelphia.
1862 Mason and Slidell released by Secretary of State Seward s orders.
1863 President Lincoln Issues the (final) emancipation proclamation.
1879 The Federal Treasury Department resume specie payments.
1RS9 New York State adopts electrocution In place of hanging.
1898 Greater New York City comes into official life.
1903 The first cablegram sent from San Francisco to Honolulu.
1908 The commonwealth of Georgia adopts state-wide prohibition. .
THE BRITISH EMPIRE.
1767 Birth. In Oxfordshire, of Maria Edgeworth. the Irish novelist.
1780 Last delivery at Windsor of beaver pelts from Penn's descendants.
1785 London's Dally Universal Register appears: later the Times.
1801 Horatio Nelson raises his flag as Vlce-Admlral at Plymouth.
1818 Birth, at Liverpool, of the poet Arthur Hugh Clough.
1S62 George Eliot begins work on the novel Romola.
1877 Victoria proclaimed Empress of India, at Delhi, by Lord Lytton.
1877 Institution of the Order of the Empire of India. Mt.,
1886 Lord Dufferln announces Upper Burma annexed to Great Britain.
1896 Jameson's raiders defeated at Krugersdorp. South Africa.
1901 The Commonwealth of Australia proclaimed at Sydney. N. S. W.
AND THE REST OK THE WORLD.
1513 De Sousa, Portuguese navigator, discovers the Rio de Janeiro,
1515 Death of. Louis XII of France, and accession of Francis I.
1616 Death of Dias de Soils, the Spanish discoverer of Yucatan.
1873 The Emperor Mutsuhlto Introduces the European calendar in Japan.
1899 Queen Regent ChriaUna orders the Spanish evacuation of Cuba.
1901 The Hague Permanent Court of International Arbitration lnaugu-
1905 Stoessel offers to surrender Port Arthur to Nogl and Togo.
and the Russian bear, saw the dis
patches which told that stoessei nau
- -f w-' m Hav tti rHa an offer of
surrender to General Nogl, It declared
he had put up a gooa ngni. no nu
succeeded to the command of the be
leaguered city on April 13, when Mak
aroff went down on the Petropavlovsk,
during a sortie against Togo's ships.
A month later and Port Arthur was
ti n shan hill was taken in
another week. - and August brought
the first of the general assaults, wnicn
culminated on tho final day of 1904.
tha mnrmw fttoessel sent a white
flag to the besiegers, and January 2
witnessed the actual surrender. n
was, indeed, an auspicious holiday for
Japan but Russia has entered It a
black debit on her history's ledger.
Civil War Days Memories.
When the first sunrise of 1863 broke
Into the orison chamber of Mason and
Slidell, In Fort Warren, on Boston har
bor. It may not have portended to them
their release, but before noon they
were again free men and Lincoln had
again given another evidence of that
made the first president, turned over
a liberal cash donation, and went to
Europe. He left the control In the
hands of a faithful follower, James
Frederick McGrath, who had been in
his employ for 15 years. No one ever
expected McGrath would become a mu
tineer, but It seems to be what hap
pened. For shortly after Hearst re
turned from abroad he resigned or was
thrown out as president. Accounts dif
fer as to thia McGrath lost his Job on
the Daily American, and that paper
began to pan the Scouts In style.
Hearst claims that the other officers
collected money by ways and means
which he could nor permit. McGrath
declares his former patron wanted to
make the Scouts a political annex of
the Independence League, and when his
ambitions were frowned upon, became
"disloyal."
There has been much waste of pa
per ammunition in this tight, the only
thing clear being that Hearst would
now be scalped by the Boy Scouts If
they could capture him.
Travelers Dodge Discomfort. a
The new station on Seventh avenue
has been a source of disappointment to
the officers of the Pennsylvania Rail
road. Instead of booming business it
seems to have retarded It. The pas
senger receipts have fallen off, and
the road's rival between New York and
Philadelphia and Washington has seem
ingly benefited, for It never hauled
so many passengers as it is doing to
day. There are several explanations given,
but the real reason seems to be that
the new station, while in Manhattan,
la practically Inaccessible, and passen
gers prefer the old ferry route.
The station is fully half a mile from
tho subway, nearly three long blocks to
the L, and the only trolley line that
passes the door is not a trunk line. The
result Is that people simply dodge dis
comfort by going elsewhere.
The bulk of the commuters are down
town. In the vicinity of the ferries or
the McAdoo tunnel. The new depot
has been a drawback to them, as the
bulk of the trains do not now go
through Jersey City, and the passen
gers must put up with Inferior service,
or else ride away up town and walk.
So, naturally, they commute some other
way If they can.
Of course In time the Peansylvania
will have proper terminals on the New
Tork side, or rather proper connections.
When that day arrives the lost busi
ness will probably return, but in the
meantime the officials, are much dis
couraged over conditions.
Mayor Gavnor, it Is reported. Is los
ing patience with the Board of Educa
tion, and something may be expected
to drop within a few dsys.
The Board's appropriation was cut ,
far-seeing statesmanship which saved
the land he served. He was harshly
criticised then, but seen in the pro
spective of time, his act brought a for
tunate ending of what had, for a time,
promised to be a vastly Important
happening. JefTerson Davis had decid
ed to send representatives of the Con
federacy to London and Paris, and had
named James Mason, of Virginia, and
John Slidell. of Louisiana. In mid
October they had made their way from
Charleston to Havana, and early In
November had sailed from that port on
the British steamer Trent, bound for
Liverpool. The next morning the Fed
eral sloop San Jacinto appeared, and
the two Commissioners were captured
and sent North, while the Trent went
on her way to spread news of the
Union Jack violated and to strain al
most to the breaking point the already
growing ill-feeling between England
and the people of the Northern states.
The Ministry demanded of Washington
the Immediate release of the prisoners,
and Lincoln complied with the "ulti
matum,"' recognizing that it was no
time for the United States to enter
upon a second conflict. Secretary of
State Seward sent orders to Boston
during the night of December 30, 1861;
Fort Warren opened her doors to Ma
son and Slidell New Year's morning.
An even twelvemonth later saw the
Issue of the final emancipation procla
mation, to which the document of Sep
tember 22, 1862, had been preliminary,
a 100-day warning as It were, that all
slaves In the seceding commonwealths
were to be set free. Lincoln's right to
put forth this paper has been chal
lenged, but It is fitly to be regarded
as a war measure, weakening the ene
my by taking from them the labor
which grew the crops by which their
armies were supported. This, however,
is a "technical" explanation. As a mat
ter of historic fact the proclamation
gave a second official cause to the tl
tanlo war then raging here; disunion
and slavery were to be equally op-
and it was ordered to find out how best
the money could be saved. The Board
named a committee to inspect the field,
but all these experts decided was that
the school system now was so perfect
it could not be curtailed, and they re
fused to make recommendations.
The present Intention of the Board
seems to be to run along on their orig
inal figures until their cash allotment
Is exhausted. Chen fold their arms and
say to the Board of Estimate. "We are
all out of money. - Unless you give us
some more we will be obliged to close
down the schools. And what will the
parents and children say?"
Public Wrath Is Feared.
The Board of Estimate clearly recog
nizes that in such a case the vials of
publ'c wrath would be emptied on
their heads, and naturally the indi
vidual members do not like It. So they
have appealed to the Mayor, and he
has promised to stir up the educational
officials. Down to date his pleadings
have been ignored and he Is now
threatening to take severe measures If
necessary. In the meantime, the Board
of Education stands pat.
Alderman Nlcoll. who Is trying to
bring about a reduction in the taxlcab
and cab fares in the city is going
around making speeches in favor of his
ordinance, and has aroused much pub
llo sentiment.
One cause for the high rates, he
points out. Is the large rentals ex
acted by hotel and restaurant owners
for the stand privilege. For example,
he declares that the Hotel Plaza is
paid 325.000 a year and that other re
sorts derive revenues almost equally
large. The result is that while In Lon
don It costs 16 cents to be driven a mile,
$1 a mile is the charge In New York
in many cases.
Th Alderman favors the adoption
of the London system, and placing the
vehicles under the control of the Com
missioner of Police or some other prom
inent city officer.
YOUNG TURKS TYRANNY HIT
Albanians Protest to Civilized Eu
rope; Outrages Charged.
ATHENS, Dec. 31. (Special.) The
central committee of Albanian students
has published a warm appeal to civil
ized Europe against the tyranny of the
Young Turks, which is, they say, much
greater than under the ex-Sultan Abdul
Hamld. They protest against the sup
pression of Journals and schools, the
exiling of alt persons suspected of lib
eral opinions, and "the monstrous and
murderous outrages" on the Albanian
peasants.
The committee is not Important In it
self, but the appeal Is a symptom of
the growing disposltoln of Albanians to
revolt from Turkey.
The report published in the Parts
Matin that an alliance had been con
cluded between Italy and Austria by
which Montenegro and Albania were to
fall in the Italian sphere of Interest and
Macedonia in the Austrian ia utterly
discredited her.
posed, and it was this which made
friends for the Federal cause abroid,
where secession meant nothing, but
where the rights of men meant much.
It may be added that the. date on
the famous paper, "January 1, 1863,"
fell as a coincidence with another and
similar governmental broadside; for on
January 1, 1808, Congress had prohib
ited the Importation of slaves Into the
United States.
Closely connected with .that trying
period In our nation's life, as well as
with New Year's events, fall the names
of two brilliant Southern writers, who
arrived In this world on that holiday
In the years 1830 and 1839 Paul H.
Hayne and James R. Randall. The
first named, whose glowing verse, rich
with the wealth and warmth of. the
Southland, has earned for him the
name of "Laureate of the South," had
turned from the law to letters under
Lthe inspiration of Slmms and Timrod,
and his brilliancy in those earner
years was of large promise. Then
came the war, and the South Carolina
estates melted from easy competency
to debt, and Hayne died at 66, worn
out by tho Journalistic work by which
both ends had been made to barely
touch. Randall, a son of Baltimore. Is
one of the "single poem men"; not that
he did not set much to paper that
was worthy and will live, but that his
"Maryland, My Maryland," the "Mar
seillaise of the Confederacy," stands
with Pike's "Dixie" at the forefront
of Confederate melodies.
Another Son and a Daughter of the
' Day.
Arthur Hugh Clough is the third
son of the annual festival, and a third
poet. Born in Liverpool, January 1,
1819, he filled his short life with beau
ty and kindness. Having written this,
the highest praise of the man has been
given, for when he passed on, In Flor
ence, early In his forties, he left verse
which shows him to have stood ever
In the porch, never the Inner temple
of the muses. "Dear, delicate fellow,"
said Matthew Arnold of him, "he came
to us at a time when all men's thoughts
were disturbed, and he had neither the
strength to believe nor the courage to
disbelieve."
More than half a century before
Clough's birth, on the New Year's of
1767, a girl baby was ushered Into life
at Black Bourton, Oxfordshire, born
"to a long succession of stepmothers,"
Dr. Nlcoll aptly puts It, but, as well
(on the authority of Lord Jeffrey) "to
o more good than any other writer,
male or female, of her generation."
This was Maria Edgeworth, the Irish
novelist. We of today like our read
ing more highly spiced than Is hers,
we call for less of the essence of sound
common sense and for pictures of life
farther removed from the ordinary
but Scott and Tourgenleff were the
avowed disciples of this eighteenth
century storyteller, and her name be
longs clearly among the assets of the
day which stood witness to her arri
val here.
Recalling Garrison and Glrard.
A number of these New Year's day
happenings, as has been pointed out,
are to be charged -up to the thought
that the first of the year was an es
pecially fit time for this or that or the
other to befall. In that way It was on
January 1. 1829, that the Walnut-street
Theater was opened in Philadelphia,
destined . to play so large a part In
American dramatic history. It was,
again, in that way -that William Lloyd
Garrison began the Liberator with the
issue for January 1, 24 months later.
His attempt at abolition newspaper
publishfng, in Baltimore, with tho saddler-reformer
Lundy, . had been a fail
ure from every point of view, but now
he had begun over again In Boston, and
his virile weekly lived out its useful
life that Is, it lasted 35 years, passing
only with the disappearance of the so
c'al evil which it so fearlessly com
bated. Its history Is best summed up
in saying that It lived fully up to those
burning words of its initial number: "I
will be as harsh as truth and as un
compromising as Justice, and I will be
heard."
Just a year later and Boston saw
formed the first anti-slavery society to
AUDIENCE OF OVER 100,000 DELIGHTED
PEOPLE HEAR TETRAZZINI'S SINGING
Big Advertisement for Singer Proves Equally Good for San Francisco's Climate Merchants Determine to Prose
cute Kleptomaniacs Panama Exposition Engineers Busy on Plans.
SAN FRANCISCO, Cal., Dec. 31.
That the open-air singing of Lulsa
Tetrazzlnl in front of the Chronlc'.o
building last Saturday night with fully
100,000 people as an audience, was the
big affair of the week, no one can
doubt. . It was a wonderful affair, no
matter from which angle you view it.
It was a big advertisement for the sin
ger, of course, but It also proved to be
Just as much of a publicity event for
San Francisco in its claim of having
I the best weather in the world.
Numberless word-pictures have been
painted of this event. It was one of
those spectacles worthy of the efforts
of the cleverest newswrlters of the
Coast and the papers here presented
the story In good style. Of course,
there were curious little asides which
the public at large did not altogether
understand but In the bigness of the
event, all that was forgotten.
Newspapers Are Enviou9.
The Daily Chronicle and, incidentally.
Charles De Young, manager of the
paper, was responsible for, the sing
ing. He It was who went to Tetrazzlnl
and her manager. Doc. Leahy, and ar
ranged the details. When the Daily
Call and Daily Examiner heard of
what was to happen, their anger knew
no bounds.
Rivalry between the morning papers
of San iranclsco is intense ana wnen
the opponents of the Chronicle, were
told the news, they first refused to be
lieve It. Then, when convinced It was
to take place, they Insisted that Tet
razzlnl was to sing from a platform
erected at Lotta's Fountain. All through
the week, San Francisco was treated
to conflicting reports that came so fast
that the public became Interested.
Lotta's Fountain is only a few feet
away from the Chron(cle business of
fice, but, all the same, the dispute cre
ated a lot of talk.
So far as that event was concerned,
Tetrazzlnl did sing from a stand erect
ed close to the Chronicle office. Prior
to that, she was entertained in the pri
vate offices of M. H. De Young, on the
second floor of the Chronicle building.
But all these little disputes didn't
amount to much.
The wonderful part of it all was the
crowd that gathered for the music and
the applause that greeted the singer.
She was fairly swept off her feet as
she ascended the platform and was
greeted by the cheers of the tens of
thousands of men, women and children.
Long before 8:30 o'clock, the hour
set for the idlva to sing, the streets
were crowded with people. Market
street, from Second to Fourth, was a
Jam. Third, Kearny. Geary and some
of the more Insignificant alleys, were
thronged with people, who listened to
the orchestra and the vested choir un
til It was time for the operatic star to
put In an appearance.
It was an orderly, crowd, on easily
The Birth of London's "Times," the Marriage of Thomas Jeffer
son, "George Eliot's" Beginning of "Romola," Dr. Jameson's
Surrender ,and the Accession of That Picturesque and Capable
Francis I, Are a Few of the Other Items on the Roll.
arise In the country a cloud on the
horizon no larger than a man's hand,
yet presaging a coming hurricane. Dr.
Channlng and Theodore Parker and
Emerson were members of the group,
and the secretary was one J. G. Whit
tier, a mere youth of 28, youngest dele
gate (from New Hampshire) to the con
ference from which the movement
sprung.
The opening day of 1848 marked the
birth of Girard College, or, if it. be bet
ter to consider that famous institution
as having been born in the last will
and testament of old Stephen Glrard,
then '48 stood sponsor at Its christen
ing. The cabin boy who had become
America's richest philanthropist de
vised many charities in the eccentric
document which dictated the disposal
of his fortune, but none was odder (nor
more admirably useful) than that which
called Into being that college "for poor
white male orphans," from Pennsylva
nia or Louisiana or New York City.
Tho main building, a marble temple In
the Grecian style, surrounded with
elaborate Corinthian columns, was 15
years In the building, before that open
ing at the threshold of "48. Today It
has become the center of a veritable
town, where nearly 1600 small citizens
of the future are so taught and trained
that the future may be the better for
them.
Following the Equator.
The opening of the Hawaiian cable
was inaugurated on the New Year's of
1903, five years after the Islands' an
nexation; and Just ten years ago today,
going farther down Into the big Pa
cific, the Commonwealth of Australia
was officially proclaimed at Sydney,
where had been held the first of the
many conferences between the repre
sentatives of the seven colonies, which
at last brought to fruitage the seed en
shrined in their motto: "One People;
One Destiny!" Edmund Barton was
the first Premier of the new-forged
link in Great Britain's world-encircling
chain of Imperial rule, with Alfred
Deak'n first Attorney-General.
New Year's day, 1S77, broke over the
British Indian peninsula, reaching down
from tho ancient continent where all the
nations have been cradled, with just that
striking contrast of glory and sorrow as
so often is characteristic of the Orient.
Famine was darkening vast areas of the
land, but in the north, on the historic
"ridge" which overlooks the old Mogul
capital of Delhi, British officials and na
tive potentates were gathered splendidly
to hear Viceroy Lord Lytton (known to
us of the Occident as the "Owen Mere
dith," who wrote the ultra-sentimental
"Luclle,") proclaim Victoria Empress of
India. The ceremonial was further
marked by the creation of "The Order of
the Empire of India," the late King Ed
ward VU, then Prince of Wales, and only
a twelvemonth earlier a visitor at Cal
cutta and Madras, being the first Royal
Knight to receive the decoration.
Ten years later that oddly charming
land which Kipling has made famous
with his "On the Road to Mandalay,"
Upper Burma, was declared annexed to
Great Britain by Lord Dufferln's procla
mation, which meant that as many people
as now dweU In the commonwealth of
Missouri came under the English Raj,
with her flag newly unfurled over nearly
87,500 square miles another state of Vir
ginia. By Calendar Sequence.
Of like sort with the gorgeous Delhi
durbar, in that they, too, followed on
various New Year's days as results of
measures earlier enacted Into law, were
the Spanish evacuation of Cuba, U years
ago today, when Castellanos marched out
the troops of Queen Christina (Regent in
behalf of Alfonso, then but 13,) while
General Brooks raised the Stars and
Stripes In Havana; and the official or-
handled by the police. Not one serious
accident occurred, despite the fact that
for more than three hours 100,000 peo
ple stood In the streets and occupied
windows of the surrounding buildings.
Tetrazzlnl sang two songs, one of
them being "The Last Rose of Sum
mer," and her high notes were so clear
she could be heard a block and a half
from the Chronicle building, where she
stood. As a Christmas eve affair, noth
ing has ever equaled It.
Christmas business done by the San
Francisco retailers was the heaviest for
years, the stores being crowded day and
night. Some larger stores report record
breaking sales and expensive purchases.
The express companies, also, say they
have handled more Christmas packages
this year than in any previous time in
the history of San Francisco. The pos
tal authorities forwarded a much larger
sum In money orders than last year, in
dicating that the citizens have been gen
erous to relatives and friends both at
home and abroad.
Merchants Tire of Theft.
' The decision of San Francisco store
keepers to prosecute hereafter all people
caught stealing goods in their stores, re
gardless of their . position In life and
whether they consider themselves affl'et
ed with kleptomania or not, is of more
than passing interest.
Shoplifting has grown to large propor
tions, one large retail dealer estimating
yesterday that it amounts to fully $80,000
a year in 135 of the big retail establish
ments, despite watchfulness on the part
of clerks and house detectives.
In the hol'day season the shoplifters
do their more thriving business because
of the crowded condition of the stores.
The owners are tired of tears and plead
ings of culprits and their friends. A
policy of forgiveness and secrecy has
been thoroughly tried and it has been
found it does not greatly decrease the
number of thieves.
From now on the kleptomaniacs must
plead in court.
A prominent firm of engineers has
made an exhaustive study of both Goat
Island and the- San Francisco waterfront
as sites for the Panama Pacific Exposi
tion, at the request of Influential parties.
If Congress acts in favor of this city
for tho exposition the report will soon be
made public.
The engineers prefer the waterfront to
Goat Island. It is estimated that 't will
cost $10,000,000 to properly level and bulk
head the island. After the fair that
money would be lost, because, in the
opinion of the engineers, the railroads
will not pay that sum for improvements
to use the island as a passenger terminal.
The use of the island would only effect
a saving of Ave minutes' time, a result
which would not warrant so great a
financial outlay by the companies.
By the use of the waterfront, the en
gineers assert, at least $6,000,000 or $7,000.-
000 can be put into permanent improve-
ganization of the Permanent Arbitration
Court at The Hague. The latter (1901) fol
lowed the convention signed at the close
of the previous July by the representa
tives of 41 world powers, and before an
other New Year's had come round it had
decided the first of the many cases with
which today associates its name the
so-called "Pious Fund" dispute in which
the United States and Mexico were in
volved. January 1, 1873, Japan began to put into
use the European calendar, one of the
progressive steps taken by her young
Diet under the guidance of the 21-year-old
Emperor, Mutsuhlto, then for six
years holder of the power wrested from,
the Shoguns at his accession. Another
six years and (1879) this country resumed
its specie payments, a financial move by
which John Sherman, then Secretary of
Treasury, wrote his name permanently
with those of the great financiers of all
time. January 1, 1SS9, New York State
led the way since followed by New Jer
sey, Massachusetts, Ohio, North Carolina
and Virginia In the substitution of elec
trocution for hanging, and the initial
hours of 1598 saw the "Greater New
York" come into official municipal being,
with R. A. VanWyke first mayor. What
had been a city of about 2,000.000 inhabi
tants, jumped over night to 3,350,000,
thanks to tho consolidation of what had
been five boroughs and it has added an
other mtllion and a half since then. ?
Just two years ago today Georgia "went
dry"! Nor is comment needed.
"By Chance."
Five happenings remain to mention,
and happenings in true sense they were,
purest chance governing their entering
on the New Year's ledger. In the earliest
dawn of 1513, Martino Alfonso de Sousa,
the first mariner to hold a captaincy
from Portugal, coasting along the shores
of a continent scarcely touched as yet
by Old World adventurers, sighted the
mouth of a mighty river which he
promptly named "Rio de Janiro" "The
January River." Three years later, an
other 16th century navigator ended his
days with the breaking of a New Year;
Diaz de Soils, the discoverer of Yucatan,
dying aboard his tiny ship January 1,
1516.
Only two deaths are chargeable to this
festival time; de Solis and that of Louis
XII of France, who had, in hlq old age,
married the madcap sister of England's
eighth Henry, Mary Tudor. He
breathed his last in the great palaco of
the Tournelles, Paris, when what might
have been the 17th year of his reign was
but a few hours old, and instanter ther
opened the important reign of Francis
I. This Francis d'Angouleme, then
scarce turned his 20th year tall and
handsome, brave and athletic and pleasure-loving
was the monarch of whom
Bayard's "Loyal Servlteur" wrote: VH.
was as fair a Prince as ever in tho
world; never had there been in France
a King who so rejoicid the noblesse."
The New Year's of 1810 saw Horatio
Nelson, with St. Vincent and the Nile
behind him and fatal Trafalgar only four
years off, first hoisting his flag as Viee
Admiral of the Blue, aboard the San
Josef, at Plymouth. The New Year's of
1777 had witnessed Franklin's receipt of
authority from his government to nego
tiate a treaty with Spain, on terms as
favorable, if that were possible, as ho
had Just wrested from the French, dur
ing his triumphal stay at Paris.
. Fichte once said: "The day that opens
for us another year is best used in be
ginning that year aright, but one wastes
no time, in spite of his, by a backward
look or two, not only to balance "ols
own books, as it were, but also to take
due note of what memorable men and
women have accomplished In the years
that were theirs. So shall he at once
inform his mind and raise examples to
his future effort." And the sentences
might well stand text to what has here
been written.
ments that can be used by the Harbor
Commission for shipping interests for
many years.
The engineers advocate a chain of eteel
and concrete buildings somewhat after
the style of the new Pacific Mail docks,
stretching all the way from Telegraph
Hill to Rlncon Hill. Many decorative
features are proposed in this sweep of
territory, including a great tower to rep
resent "Liberty Enlightening the World."
East street, which runs along the water
front, will be radically changed and beau
tified. "Bill" Lange Out of Job,
The death of William Glselman, trus
tee for 18 years of the famous Hastings
estate, means that his son-in-law, "Bill"
Lange, is now out of a fat Job. Because
of Glsel man's death, five sets of heirs
were called upon to get another trustee.
In making a trust of his estate, the late
Judge S. C. Hastings had a clause put
in to the effect that if his heirs failed
to agree upon a trustee the selection
should devolve upon the Chief Justice of
the Supreme Court of California.
The heirs were far apart and Chief
Justice Beatty was appealed to by the
heirs to make a choice. He refused to
have anything to do with the row, and
finally Mrs. Clara Darling, eldest of tho
heirs, petitioned Presiding Judge Van
Nostrand, of the Superior Court, to ap
point William Watson, a bank examiner
under State Superintendent of Banks
Anderson. He was appointed, which
means Lange will have to hunt for some
other berth.
Huge Deal Involves Millions.
The recent acquisition by Francis M.
Smith, of Oakland, of Frank C. Haven's
holdings in the Realty Syndicate, the
Oakland traction and the Key Route,
constitutes one of the biggest financial
deals consummated in California in
many a day.
It was a huge deal involving mil
lions, - although Just how many mil
lions no one seems to know. It has
given Smith control of the three cor
porations and will enable him to exe
cute plans which have been maturing
in his mind for a long time.
Smith Intends to develop the Key
Route holdings on the Western water
front of Alameda County, where the
company recently received a franchise
from the City of Oakland. Wharves,
piers and slips of the most modern
type are to be constructed and a deep-
water harbor, equal to any on the
Coast, is projected.
A few days before Lillian Russell
leftSan Francisco, she was seen in an
art store carrying what she declared
to be the smallest Japanese spaniel in
the world. She bought It of Thomas
H. Stevenson, a well-known florist, and
paid him $1000 for the little beauty.
As she left the store, she put her pet
doggy, in her .overcoat uojcaei.