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TIIE SUNDAY- OREGOXTANV PORTLAND, NOVEMBER 6, 1910.
MEDICAL INSPECTION OF SCHOOLS
HAS DONE MUCH FOR STUDENTS
Reports of Imiwciori and Hum Show Great Number of Cases Where Defect in Children Were Called to Atten-
' Won of Parents and Proper Treatment Administered.
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WHEN the Inspection of Portland'
achoot children commenced with
the openlns of school thU Fall,
this practice started on Its third year.
When school Inspection was Inaugurated
two years ao. It was not hailed very
enthusiastically by the school authorities
and the eeral public, but the physi
cians who have the work In charce say
that thai year they hare the hearty co
operation of the Health Board, school
authorities and parents.
There are four Inspectors and one
school nurse who take care of this work.
There are H schools In the city, with
bout Il.oue school children, and each
Inspector ha In charge a certain number
of school. Each school Is Inspected
about once In fire weeks, the Inspectors
worklna the morning session of every
school day.
The children are lined p and with
their aleews rolled hlsh on their arms,
they pasa before the Inspectors. In the
higher arades each pupil Is Inspected In
dividually. The arm is examined for
eruption, and a careful general taspec
Uoa of the child for physical defects
aa to appearance, nutrition and other
ontward symptoms. There Is also an In
spection made of the throat, noting the
condition of the tonsils, etc.. and cul
tures sre taken where necessary.
A physical record card, giving name,
address. ae and defect, la. placed on
file In school, and when the trouble Is
corrected. It la so noted on the card.
An advisory card Is sent home to the
parents telling them of the supposed
trouble and asking to see their family
phvsk-laa and return the card, telling
what treatment. If any. was given.
Where a child Is suffering from a con
tagious disease, an exclusion card Is
Issued.
Reports show that In many ways hss
cltonl Inspection In Portland brought
about good results, probably not so much
In stamping out contagion aa assisting
the health department in controlling
epidemics.
In another way has school Inspection
done no tittle good, which no doubt
shows better results than any of the
work. It Is the elimination of vermin.
I,ast year. In a certain school there
were found US cases of this nature,
while this year in the same school there
were but it. When a child Is fmind with
this trouble. It Is sent hptne with a card
from the isspectlng physician. Instruct
ing the parents what to do In the way
of treatment. If the Instructions are not
heeded, the home Is visited by the school
nurse. Talks are also given by-Jhe phy
alclana te the pupils. Instructing them
ef the benefit of personal cleanliness and
rules to follow to ward off disease.
Knowing that they are to be. inspected
prompts children to be more particular
with regard to their personal appear
ance, and a marked change baa been no
ticed In this respect In many schools
since the Inspection started.
The medical Inspector never In any
case prescribes for a child while at
school, this being left entirely to the
parents.
alaay doctors In the city have offered
free services to neely chlWren. say the
Inspectors, among them being some of
the best specialists of the city, -and
the hospitals have given their help
when needed. They also say that they
have found the free dispensary a val
uable aid: that the Visiting Nurse As
sociation have been exceedingly help
ful, aa also have been members of the
Council of Jewish Women.
The duty of the school nurse Is to
give Individual attention to pupils In
regard to cleanliness. Inattentive pa
rents, home calls and talks with pa
rents. With the attention of the phy
sical ailments of the children, her work
does not end. Manv calls of the nurse
at the homes reveal the need of cloth
ing, shoes and schoolbooks. The cases
are called to the attention of the char
itable organisations of the city who
furnish the nothing, while the school
board supplies the books.
In speaking of her work. Slra Rachel
p. Chatto. the school nurse, said: -We
ajware go to the mother In the spirit
ef helpfulness rather than criticism,
try to make hex understand that
we share her Interest In the child's
welfare, and that aa women and moth
ers we stand on the same ground. W
are very often able to overcome a sus
picious attitude by telling; mothers that
other mothers' children have exactly
the same kind of troubles, and thereby
we create a common sympathy.
-The most serious defects which we
have to contend with are In the eyes.
ear. nose and throat. It is astonishing
to find how many children are affected
by troubles of this nature, which not
only aerloualy affect their health and
disposition, but greatly handicap their
work In school.
"Many a child who Is thought slow
and stupid. Is slow and stupid because
he or she cannot properly see the work
on the blackboard or In the books or
his hearing- la dulled, or g-rowtha In
the nose, called adenoids, has so dulled
perception that he cannot comprehend
the work required of him. We can
not expect a teacher, with her averafre
of 40 pupils, to be able to know why
each particular child does not do better
work; but the medical inspeotor knows
what a reddened eyelid or wrinkled
brow means. He understands that the
pinched, worried enpresatoii and habitu
ally open mouth Indicates the presence
of adenoids. He knows without belne
shown the report cards of that child
that his s,verages are low. It is not be
cause nature made the child stupid, but
because he cannot get more than half
of his share of fresh air and the pres
sure on the delicate nerves dull his
intellect.
"In talking with mothers, we find
that proper treatment for these abnor
mal conditions hss not been given be
cause of intentional neglect on the part
of the parents. Sometimes we are told
by parents that these troubles are Just
habit or that the children are too young
to wear glasses. We kindly tell the
mother that children do not form hab
its contrary to nature'a laws without
some cause for it.
If we fall to convince the parent
that something- can be done for the
child in order that It can enjoy the
happy, free life of childhood, she must
expect to have a second-rate child, and
the child who becomes accustomed to
doing second rate work In school Is
satisfied to occupy a second rate posi
tion in life."
Also- the nurse being In close touch
with he home lives of the children, Is
able to give the teachers and principals
an Idea of the particular conditions of
certain casesand It Is her duty to ex
plain to the anxious parent that John
ny or Harry Is not naturally atupid
and that treatment In time will give
the child a chance to take his place
among normal children.
In the cases were children have hen
unable to pay for medical or dental
services, wherever possible, the nurse
has followed the cases up and seen that
such children received attention.
As a result of the advisory cards dur
ing the two years, the following has
been done: Four hundred and twelve
cases of tonsils and adenoids have been
operated on: 1S45 children have re
ceived dental attention: 110 cases of
defective vision have been corrected.
In addition to this, the school nurse
has reported the following cases which
hsve been cared for by charity: Glasses
fitted, 21; tonsils and adenoids, 7;
teeth," 100.
A large number of miscellaneous
cases which have received treatment
are not Included In this.
During- the month of October, li.169
pupils were examined, out of which
number 57 defects were found.
. Since the school Inspection com
menced many pathetic and interesting
cases have come under the observance
of the Inspectors and nurse, and In
stances where a little life has been
benefited. A special case was that of
a 6-year-old boy, who was dumb and
almost desf but seemed to be otherwise
bright. When the inspector and nurse
discovered the case they had the little
fellow examined by a specialist, who
found the trouble to be enlarged ton
sils and adenoids. He was operated on
and placed In 'the school for the deaf
and dumb. The child soon Improved,
his hearing was entirely restored, and
he was soon able to apeak, and there Is
no doubt but that he will continue to
Improve.
Another case discovered by the in
spectors was a little girl, found to be
suffering from a double curvature of
the spine. On the advice of a special
ist, her seat in school was modified
through the manual training depart
ment; certain changea In her clothing
and manner of living were made, and
although it Is too soon yet to look for
great results, yet her general health
has already greatly improved.
Such cases as these are often allowed
to exist, not receiving medical atten
tion, without Intentional neglect on the
part of the parent, but probably be
cause the father and mother are Ignor
ant of the condition of the child and It
Is the part of the school Inspector to
locate these troubles and see that some
remedy Is applied.
FRENCH ARE VERY SLOW IN JOINING t
THE TOWN -PLANNING MOVEMENT
People Who Only Know Paria Since Reforming Hand of Baron Haussman Carved Out Ita Boulevards Are
Surprised at Poor Showing- Made at International Conference.
PARIS, Nov. E. (Ppeclal.) Among
the sharp Impressions left on the
minds of delegates to the Inter
national Conference on Town-Planning,
Just held In London, was the lead
achieved by England and Germany la
modern urban development, compared
with other Countries. To those who
only know Pkrls since the reforming
hand of Baron Haussmann carved out
Its boulevards, the absence of France
"the aoul of Europe" from the front
rank of town-planners waa a surprise.
But any American who has stayed In
France long enough to know something
of Its home life will not hesitate to
say that the French are far behind the
Anglo-Saxon In their conception of
modern comfort. Many of the labor
saving devices that the average Amer
ican family la accustomed to such as
telephones and dumb waiters In apart
ments and running hot and cold water
are only found among the wealthiest
Parisians.
This national IndlfSerence to modern
conveniences explains why the French
are seldom In the vanguard of any
movement that tends to Improve the
material well being of the masses.
"LJberty. equality, fraternity. doea not
get down to bard practice all the time.
That explains why the first garden city
In France was founded a score of years
after- such communities were a well
rerognlsed factor In the life of Kng
land, for example.
But today there are signs of Im
provement, for though at present there
Is only one garden city In actual ex
istence In France, two more are be
ing planned and constructedPerhaps
It Is even an exaggeration to call the
workman's community of ISO at
Dourges a garden city. And' yet these
cottages were the first to be patterned
after those In the English garden
cities and villages.
Like most of the British, agglomera
tions, this garden village In the ex
treme north of Franca waa constructed
by an Industrial company for the sole
use of Its employes. Jt Is the property
of the Dourges Mining Company, which
embarked on this new venture shortly
after the Courrieres disaster five years
ago. when so many miners were killed.
Perhapa that catastrophe made the
company feel that the Ufa of a miner
was ao fraught with hardships and
perils that the least It could do was to
offer attractive homes and surroundings
ot Its employes during the time they
spent above ground.
Anyway, the gaily-decorated, two
storied brlrk houses have been ao ap
preciated by the men that now plans
are being drawn up for too more cot
tages to be built In groups of three.
Kach group, like the original one, will
have Ita broad walks lined with trees.
Its open squares and Ita playgrounds
for the children.
What promises to be a much more
pretentious garden village In the mat
ter of architecture la being planned by
the Pommery brothers, the great cham
pagne merchants of Reims. The vll
Imge will adjoin their vast worka on
the outskirts of the city and will cover
over arrea. Each acre will be cut
up Into four lots, to be separated from
each other by wire fenoes. Over these
the workmen will be erpected to grow
roses and clinging vines. There wl.f be
three types of cottages for the tenants
to chose from. They will be let to
the Pommery workmen only, at very
low figures.
The Pommery brothers' main reason
for establishing a garden village la
because they wish their employes to
be near the works. At prest. they live
In the poor quarters of Reims, where
the surroundings are unwholesome
from every point of view.
In fact. It was to keep the men away
from the low company and low resorts
of the Reims slums that the Marquise
de Pollgnao the daughter of one of
the Pommery a gave i. 000, 000 francs
for the creation of a park of sports
near the champagne works. It ls.afe
to say that no company In the world
has given Its employes such extensive
and perfectly equipped recreation
grounds. Very few cities In France
have parka that compare with It in
the careful detail of arrangement.
There Is a track for foot races, sur
rounded by a natural amphitheater that
seats 36.000 people, a course for cross
golf, a stadium for athletic competi
tions and open air plays, tennis courts,
croquet grounds,' a football field, a
bowling green and swings.
Each particular ground or field has
shelters both for men and women, and
charming rustic seats are hidden among
the clumps of trees. The park is sit
uated on a high slope, that commands
a view of the famous Reims aviation
grounds. The "garden village is within
a stone's throw of It. Becauss the
Pommery employes are so well provid
ed for In the matter of recreation
grounds, the workman's village will
have no large open squares or parks
they would seem superfluous.
The garden village at Dourges and
the - prospective one at Reims, being
groups of cottages put up by industrial
companies for their employes, are not
regulated by socialistic notions. Such
Is not the case of the third garden
village, under construction at Fongam
bault. Although the community will
owe Ita existence to the liberality of
a well-known Parle Ian philanthropist.
Judge Ueorges Bonjean, It Is to be run
on strictly co-operative principles. Af
ter Judge Bonjean finishes his work
of organisation and construction, the
village Is to be turned over to the
tenants all engaged In the trade of
button making.
At present. SO cottages are being put
up. each in its own garden. These
are to be in a vast lnclosure, which
will Include, besldco the garden homes,
a common dnilng-room. a public square
with two bandstands, a concert halL
a common nursery and playground. Not
only will all the material supplies
food, clothing and . so forth be fur
nished on a co-operative basis, but the
button-making trade will be carried on
In the same way. There will be no
question of employer and employe la
this Utopian community. All will have
an equal share In the returns from
the common labor.
According to Judge Bonjean's. calcu
lations, the cost ot each cottage will
be J..00. This Is considerably less than
has been expended st Dourges. where
each house cost 1900. M. Redont, th
architect of the Pommery village, esti-
mates that there each dwelling will
amount to 12000. Before drawing up
his plans, M. Redont spent some time
In England, studying the different grar
den cities there. He WM accompanied
by M. Georges Benolt-Levy, the gen
eral aecretary of the French Garden
City Association, by whose tireless
propaganda of books, pamphlets and
lectures the Garden City Movement has
forced an entering wedge Into French
life.
Although Judge Bonjean's community
will be the first workmen's village to
be run on purely socialistic lines, hie
venture has -a worthy forerunner in
the Harmel wool' factory at Val-des-Bols,
near Reims called the model fac
tory of France. . There for over 20 years
the workmen have co-operated with
the employers, not only in the direction
of local affairs, but In the firm's rela
tions with the outside market. How
ever, this does not mean that all the
workers have a share in the profits.
The co-operation in the matter of
management waa brought about In 188S
by the institution of a "Factory Coun
cil" composed of simple workmen. No
toremen or overseers are allowed to
be members. These workmen are chos
en by their fellows and they meet
every fortnight with their employers
to discuss not only ' the financial In
terests of the firm but all that relates
to the dally well-being- of the men. It
Is this "Factory Council" which super
vises the working- of that admirable
Founded
1850
'
Kohler & Chase
SEE PAGE 11, SGCTIO 3.
THE DEAF
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Thousands In use. Call or write for
particulars. STOI.f; ELECTROPHONE
(O. 229 Lumbermen Bldg., HI th- and
Stark Streets. PORTLAND, OR.
SALE STARTS TODAY
lO Per Cent Discount From List Price TODAY ONLY
WHERE THE PRICE OF A
if (50x100) HOMESITE IN-
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(On the North Slope of Mount Tabor.)
MONTAVILLA CARS TO EAST 69TH AND GLISAN.
FREE
With every lot, one complete s.et architects' plans for bunga
lows worth from $1250 to $5000. Your choice from the most
practical selection" of bungalows in Portland.
Umbdenstock & Larson Company
286 OAK STREET
GROUND FLOOR HENRY BUILDING
Institution, the "Family Savings Bank."
This bank was started by M. Leon
Harmel for the purpose of assuring
to all the workmen's families a mini
mum salary, and its operations are
very Interesting;.
The Individual coat of living- Is 12
cents a day at Val des Bois. Therefore
a couple with 12 children would re
quire f23.62 for a fortnight's . liveli
hood. Suppose the father earns 90 cents
a day, one boy 20 cents and another
40 their total earnings for 14. days
would be $21 that is $2.2 less than
the minimum cost of living. This deficit
Is made up to them from the Family
Savings Bank. Of course, the amount
of the earnings Is very apt to vary
greatly the workmen being paid by
the piece for different fortnights, bo
that as a general rule the salaries are
considerably above the minimum cost
of living. It is needless to say that
the capital of this bank is a gift on
the part of the firm, although its va
rious payments are decided on each
fortnight by the "Factory Council."
This socialism,- in nature; If not In
name, has had the happiest of results.
The factory hands men and women,
come into constant and close contact
with their employers, and so the fric
tion between capital and labor that Is
due to ignorance is removed. The
greatest proof of this success ta the
affection all the factory families have
for the head of the firm, M. Leon
Harmel, or the "good father," as he
has been called by his vast family for
many years.
Aside from the workmen's co-operation
in the firm's management, much
of the material supplies are furnished
by workmen's co-operative eocietles.
There is a co-operative, bakery and
butcher shop and a common laundry
for the women and a school for the
children. On the factory grounds Is
an assembly hall, where the men hold
meetings, give concerts and theatrical
performances and play billiards.
Although the houses cannot compare
with the attractive cottages at Dourges
or the English garden villages, still
each family has Its home and its own
plot ofground. It Is doubtful if any
country In the world has a happier
community.
The Lakevlew-New Pine Creek Elec
tric Company began work repairing the
telephone line between Adel and Blush,
about 20 miles. A switchboard will be
installed at Adel for the use of branch
lines.
Severs Man's Head.
Tralr
8EATTLB, Nov. 5. N. C. Fauldlng. a
mechanic of Santa Barbara, Cal., where
his wife and four children live, com
mitted suicide today by throwing him
self under the wheels of a freight
train. His head was severed from the
body.
Telephone Line Being Repaired.
LAKTSVTEW. Or., Nov. 5. (Special.)
PIANO FREE
See Ad., Page 4,' Section 1.
Olmsfceo.
Park
" The streetcar service to OLMSTED PARK which you
have waited so patiently for is at last in operation and the
cars pass the tract.
OLMSTED PARK comprises all that is beautiful in.
streets, boulevards and environment.
OLMSTED PARK stands alone a 'grand example of all
that is, or can be desirable in homesite property. :
OLMSTED PARK cannot in justice be compared with
other residence properties. Its location and views are ideal,
to say the least. It is better than other property close by
which has sold at prices 40 per cent higher .than the prices
we are asking today, all improvements included. You can
not find a more desirable or beautiful location for a home, a
district where building restrictions insure an exclusive resi
dence district of better homes and better environment.
Three-fourths of OLMSTED PARK is restricted to lOOx
100.
PRICES are very reasonable and include cement side
walks, graded streets, curbs and Bull Eun water.
Pay 10 per cent down on the purchase price of a lot and
we will help you build your home. You pay the balance
as rent. - '.
Go-QperativeRealtyCo.
520 Railway Exchange
Phones: Marshall 2248 A 1274
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