8
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX. PORTLAND, JULY 31, 1910.
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PORTLAND, SUNDAY, JULY SI, 110.
A CENTURY OF PEACE.
It may be predicted confidently
that the projected celebration of the
centennial of the treaty of Ghent will
excite worldwide interest. The exist
ence of one hundred years of unbro
ken peace between two nations of the
first rank is so rare In the history of
the world that it deserves signal com
memoration. The treaty of Ghent, as
the reader will readily recall, con
cluded the war of 1812 between Great
Britain and the United States. Since
that time, although there have been
many occasions of debate between the
two countries, and peace has been
threatened more than once, actual war
never has broken out. The settle
ment of what la known as the Oregon
question was not free from hostile
sentiment, In the Middle West feel
ing ran high. In Oregon itself prep
arations, more or less indefinite, were
made for combat, but happily wise
negotiations brought a termination of
the difficulty without bloodshed. The
question of the fight to fisn on the
banks of Newfoundland has been one
of perennial difficulty between this
country and England. Negotiations
on the subject have not been wholly
free from bitterness, but it cannot be
said that the controversy has really
threatened International peace.
Besides the Oregon question there
have been other boundary disputes.
The line between the New England
States and Cana.ia was for a long
time uncertain. We have also seen
trouble arise over the delimitation of
the Alaskan purchase from Russia.
But these were mere clouds on the
horizon. Combined with more serious
occasions for difference they might
have disturbed the peaceful relations
between the United States 'and Eng
land, but taken by themselves they
yielded readily to diplomacy. On the
' other hand, conceding that actua.l war
fare has not existed between the two
nations since 1814, it would be far
'from the truth to say that friendship
1 has been the rule. Probably the con
, trary statement is nearer the truth.
' From the close of the Revolution to a
, time subsequent to the close of the
j Civil War upper class England cor
j flially hated the United States. It not
- nnly looked with envious eyes upon
'; us as a province lost to the mother
country by rebellion, but the princl
; pies underlying our constitution were
detested. The government of Great
, Britain was then much more aristo-
cratic in substance than It is now,
.nd the theory, of universal suffrage
with full political liberty which had
been adopted here seemed little short
3f barbaric anarchy across the water.
; British writers spoke of America with
' almost uniform contempt. When the
i beginnings of our literature were
noticed at all It was with inconsider
ate scorn. Travelers in the United
States, Dickens and Harriet Martineau,
for instance, could not say enough
about the crudity of American man-
: ners, the corruption of our politics.
i and the savagery of our Institutions.
In particular slavery furnished an
endless theme for reproach arid ridi
pule. The spectacle of a nation pro
claiming the principles of liberty in
its fundamental law and at the same
time maintaining human slavery was
: too inviting to the satirist to be neg
lected. v nen ma (ivu war DroKe out a
curious complication of feeling arose
In England. Dislike of our form of
government was as bitter there as it
had ever been, and since Lincoln per
sistently gave the world to understand
that we were fighting to maintain the
Union and not to destroy slavery, we
received at first not a spark of sym
pathy in the mother country. The
aristocrats would have been glad to
see me union perish. The historian
Freeman superciliously mentioned the
. "downfall of the American Republic"
In one of his unreadable monographs.
Gladstone Joined in the hue and cry
against us, and if he had had his way
England and France would have allied
themselves with the South. As for
the lower classes In England, they
knew a.nd cared little about this coun
try at the beginning of the war. The
Cessation of cotton Imports soon awak
ened them to Its Importance, however.
The mills at Manchester and other
manufacturing towns had to close, and
famine struck thousands of workmen.
Naturally they might have been ex
pected to turn against the North,
-which had blockaded the cotton ports,
but Henry Ward Beecher and his fel
low missionaries averted that calam
ity. They explained to the British
workmen that at the bottom the war
was for the abolition of slavery, and
the starving millhands with a loyalty
to principle which commands the rev
erent admiration of the world stead
fastly supported Lincoln and the
armies of liberty. Thus more than
half of England abandoned its tradi
itional hatred of the United States and
became our friend.
The conversion of the Tory element
came later and never was half so sin
cere. That happy consummation has
been wrought partly by International
, exigencies, partly by social forces.
England has seen the time more than
-once since 1860 when the friendship
of the United States was of the first
Importance to her, and forgetting old
prejudices she has learned to consult
her Interest and foster an alliance.
.The social factor has been even more
Interesting. The development of a
princely caste In this country under
the exploitation of our natural re
sources and the working of the pro
tective tariff naturally won the sym
pathy of the British aristocracy. Im
poverished families began to seek mil
lionaire brides In the land of dollars.
American plutocrats Invaded Londqn
and won the respect of the British
nobles by their lavish display of
wealth. The interchange of visits bera
tween princely houses on either side
of the water cemented international
friendship until today the idea of
hostility between the United States
and England seems. Impossible In any
rank of society. The change has been
one of the imposing phenomena of
history. It shows in a wonderful way
how the highest moral principles
sometimes combine with the most
sordid, and selfish interests of social
classes to bring about the ends of
evolution. . -
PORTLAND'S PROBLEM.
If Judge Cleeton and Commissioner
Goddard shall succeed in solving the
vexatious bridge-draw problem, they
will have done a great thing for the
community. They say the state has
authority to regulate, and they are
going to exercise that authority. Un
doubtedly the river "interests" will
protest, and endeavor to bring down
the whole power of the Federal Gov
ernment on the heads of the temer
arious officials. Somebody may be
put In Jail, or threatened at least with
Jail, for defying the majesty of this
great Government. But we guess not.
The Government has a very poor
cause in this bridge controversy, and
tt will hardly go to extremes In Its
support.
Why should not the state or the city
be able to regulate river traffic over
a stream entirely within its legal
liimts, or rather over that part of the
stream within Its limits? Is the river
a highway of commerce more than the
bridges are highways of commerce?
Whose commerce? Portland's, all of
it. Therefore, if Portland desires to
adjust the conflicting interests that
center about Its own river, why should
It not? Let us see this business
through now.
SUICIDE.
Suicide is said to go In -waves. Cer
tainly It would seem that this wave
has been at full tide in this vicinity
during the past week. If so. Its ebb
is now due. Within the brief space
of five days, beginning with last Mon
day, eight persons in this city made
exit through the door of violence from
a life which, in their weakness and in
competence, they had found or made
a failure.
This record is a shocking one. It
is. moreover, inexplicable, since nei
ther poverty nor lack of opportunity
exists as an excuse for it.
The ages of these self-murderers
vary from that of extreme length of
years, all along through early and
middle life. In one case a man of
reputable pioneer parentage,, a hus
band and the father of children who
are yet to be brought up and placed
In life, so misused the heritage of a
good name and ample property that
had been his from an honorable, hard
working father and devoted mother
that he had for some months been
hovering upon the verge of Insanity
and had long lapsed in finances from
the condition of plenty in which he
was born and brought up. A pistol
shot In his own home, within hear
ing of his terrified wife and children,
ended the struggle, such as It was, for
him.
Domestic broils figure as the cause
that led up to most of these suicides.
Otherwise impotent anger and spite
were the leading incentives to the act.
The summing up is a pitiful one. The
basis of this pity is not that the world
or the community, or even the imme
diate family, has suffered loss through
the taking off of these despondent,
weak or desperate creatures. In point
of fact, no sutfh loss has been suffered.
The pity of it is that any human being
with an ordinary endowment of the
forces that, properly directed, lead to
happiness and plenty, should so dis
sipate or misdirect this endowment
bo utterly squander It, in fact as to
become bankrupt In all that makes
life worth living, according to his
own assessment of its benefits and
privileges, as denoted in his final act.
Covering, however, with Whittier's
gentle charity for the erratic natures
that make wreck of opportunity and
failure in life, we can only say with
him:
The outward, wayward life we see.
Its hidden Bpringa we may not know.1-..
TOT RA1I.HO.VL) STOCKS DECLINE.
The drastic liquidation In stocks
which caused so much uneasiness
early this week has been followed by
a steadier market with a considera
ble portion of the loss regained In the
advances of Wednesday, Thursday
and Friday. These advances, how
ever, were insufficient to bring the
values back to the high level of last
year. Union Pacific, even with the
advance from the low point, still
shows a loss of about $60 per share
from the high point reached last
year; other stocks are making a pro
portionately bad showing. One cause
for this weakness and lack of demand
Is traceable to the poor crop reports,
which, of course, mean diminished
earnings for the railroads, but the
principal factor In making railroad
stocks such unattractive investments
that they decline 160 per share is the
great increase in expenses of all kinds.
The railroads, in spite of the poor
crop reports, as a rule are doing more
business than ever before, but between
the upper and the nether millstones of
reduced rates and Increased expenses
dividends are being Jeopardized. . Net
earnings do not show gains at all pro
portionate to the gross earnings. The
current number of the New Tork Fi
nancial Chronicle contains in detail
the earnings statements of 725 rail
roads embracing 239,345 miles, or
about 97 per cent of the total mileage
of the country. These figures for the
month of May show an increase of
(31,983,394 tn gross earnings, while
net earnings have increased but $5.
226.827. As an illustration of the manner In
which increased expenses have played
havoc with Increased earnings, some
of the details of the O. R. & N. busi
ness for the eleven months ending
with May are interesting. For that
period the gross earnings of the local
road were 313,745,424, an increase of
$2,147,778 over the gross earnings for
the same period a year. ago. Increased
expenses, however, absorbed this In
crease In gross earnings to such an ex
tent that for the eleven months the
net earnings of $5,077,198 were $52,
020 less than for the same period In
the preceding season.
In other words, a remarkably heavy
Increase in business brought with It
no Increase in net pronts. The disap
pearance of this substantial Increase in
gross receipts is accounted for by
maintenance charges $449,028 greater
than for the same period In the pre
ceding season. For equipment $431,
627 more was needed this year than
last, and the transportation expendi
tures of $4,374,799 were more than
$1,150,000 greater than they were last
year. Even the expenses of the traffic
department Increased nearly $60,000.
The -big roads also make a poor show
ing. The Southern Pacific,- with an
increase of more than $13,000,000 In
gross earnings, shows a gain of less
than $6,000,000 in net. Northern Pa
cific gained more than. $5,000,000 In
gross and the net was more than $3,
000,000 less than a year ago. Union
Pacific, with $6,000,000 gain In gross,
shows less than $1,500,000 gain in net
earnings.
Among the few roads of the country
that make a good showing in net
gains, the 'Astoria & .Columbia River
shows up well with net earnings more
than $70,000 greater than for the
eleven months ending June 1 last
year. For the month of May this
road returned net earnings of $28,580,
compared with a deficit of $1611 for
May, 1909. From the figures on these
big roads it is easy to see that the
"higher cost -of living" as applied to
railroading is responsible for no small
share of the weakness that has per
vaded the stock market. No one cares
to invest in stocks whose earning pow
ers dwindle as the business increases.
THE COMING STOCK SHOW.
All hands must get together right
away on the livestock show, which be
gins five weeks hence.
There are a few discordant notes
over the question as to favoritism
toward horses over cattle. These
should be stilled. This is no time for
jealousies. Both Interests are so
large in the Pacific Northwest .that
everybody can afford to be unselfish.
It will pay In the end.
So far as the relations between
breeders of fine cattle and of blooded
horses on the one hand, and of the
livestock show on the other, are con
cerned, Portland is friendly to both;
indeed most friendly. In the face of
considerable loss the past two years,
the association, out of pure public
spirit, has again gone into the enter
prise, prepared to meet a third deficit.
They who profit by the animal breed
ing industries should, in these circum
stances, yield a bit for the general
good.
It is surely more to their direct in
terest that the show should be made
a permanent feature of the activities
cf the Pacific Northwest than it Is to
Portland's interests, or rather the in
terest of the handful of progressive
business men who support it with no
hope of individual gain, but who are
determined to go into their pockets
once more, and then again, rather
than see the livestock show aban
doned. Therefore, be it repeated, get to
gether. This is the crucial year. The
livestock show should not be aban
doned. As the country fills up a
mighty movement in that' direction is
now on it will be the great Autumn
-event for breeders of three states,
their friends and neighbors, and for
Portland. The whole region will be
the gainer.
AGRICI7LTI7RB Uf ALASKA.
We are told by Government agents
who know whereof they speak that
agriculture Is In its infancy in Alaska.
The surprising part of this statement
Is that agriculture in that far North
ern region exists at all. At the time
William H. Seward bought that vast,
almost mystical region for the United
States for a song, as compared with
its" proven value within the past,
twenty years, it was supposed that it
was valuable only to the extent of
Its fishing. Including Its sealing privi
leges. No thought of agriculture
within or near the Arctic Circle was
then entertained.
As an afterthought the possibility
of agriculture still excites wonder
bordering upon incredulity. When,
however, it is elaborated by the state
ment that the ground all over North
ern Alaska thaws to the depth of
about three feet In Summer; that
there are during the agricultural sea
son, I. e., from May 20 to Septem
ber 15, from sixteen to- twenty-four
hours of daylight, and mostly of warm
sunshine; and that the slowly receding
frost line below maintains all neces
sary moisture for the growth of
crops. Incredulity gives way to simple
surprise.
It Is evident that the ' generation
taught in its youth that Alaska was a
cold and sterile region, devoid of all
tender plant lite and covered with
snow and ice to an unknown depth
throughout almost the entire year,
must revise its view of the possibili
ties of agriculture In that far north
era peninsula. It must be acknowl
edged that this oldest of sciences,
though In Its infancy in the frozen
zone, has some convincing results to
its credit has furnished by the reports
of Government experts.
A virgin soil watered from below by
slowly melting Ice and brooded over
by warm sunshine from sixteen to
twenty-four hours a day for four
months of the year really 'ought to
respond generously to cultivation.
That It does so Is the testimony of
residents who eat home-grown let
tuce, radishes, celery, turnips, pota
toes, etc., and have for dessert rasp
berries the size of a' quarter . of a
dollar throughout the favored day
light season In the land of the mid
night sun. In the face of such evi
dence Incredulity must retire, though
wonder still remains.
KKRIOT78 WATER SHORTAGE.
There is no uncertain sound in the
demand that comes for water from
the Mount Scott district. It is as
harsh as the crackle from hundreds
of dry throats can make it. This cry
is at once a protest and a demand; an
arraignment of the private water sys
stem which has failed to furnish the
supply called for in its franchise, and
for which under supply it never fails
to collect full price; a demand for the
revocation of this company's franchise
by the County Court, and a plea for
laying mains throughout the district
that will carry Bull Run water ade
quate to the needs of a water-defrauded
populous suburban district.
This Is the district that, under prom
ise of relief from water shortage, was
but last year, by popular vote, taken
into the city.
Clearly, there is a great deal In
this presentment or there is nothing.
It is altogether unlikely that so strong
an Indictment would or could have
been made on false premises. The
homes throughout a wide section can
readily be called upon for proof of
the allegations set forth by the Citi
zens League of the drouth-stricken
district. These conditions should not
be without remedy. The private wa
ter company arraigned may be doing
all that lies in its power and plant to
supply the water which it Is under
guarantee to furnish." If so, its best
clearly falls short of the needs with
which It is striving.' In any case, the
water-defrauded people are entitled to
relief, and this relief the Clt Water
Commission Is in duty bound to fur
nish at city water rates flat or ac
cording to measure and tax.
Public sympathy, is, as it should
be, with the citizens of the district in
which this serious shortage of water
prevails. The private water systems
have evidently engaged to do more
than their facilities will permit them
to do. Quite naturally, they are loath
to abandon the field. They are said,
by exasperated citizens who suffer
from this failure, to be holding out
for a purohase price from the city
that is out of all proportion to their
value. In point of fact, the city does
not need the service pipes and pumps
and wells and whatnot of which these
plants are made up. The system thus
composed is but a makeshift and a
poor one at that, during the Summer
months when water is most needed.
If acquired, even by gift, it would
have to be supplanted by mains con
nected with the .Bull Run system at
the earliest possible date. Certainly
before another Summer put the fam
ily rain-barrel out of commission. Not
only the convenience and the actual
necessities of the people In the af
fected district are behind this de
mand for water; their health and
property are seriously menaced by a
scant- water supply. In this view re
lief cannot come too soon; if delayed
until next week the delay is too long;
if It extends over next month it will
be intolerable.
MAKING MAPS.
The new plan of map-making which
Mr. B. J. S. Cahill, of San Francisco,
bas devised is interesting, because tt
portrays the entire surface of the
earth with something like accuracy.
Some of the maps in common use rep
resent continents and oceans without
much distortion; others, like Merca
tor's, give very incorrect notions of
the forms and comparative areas of
.the regions jthey cover. The earth's
surface being nearly spherical, can
not be laid out on a flat area. Math
ematicians express this annoying fact
by saying that it is not developable.
A developable surface la made up of
straight lines, which may all be par
allel to each other, as on a cylinder,
or all meet in a point, as on a cone,
pr meet one after the other along a
curved line called the edge of regres
sion. Such a surface can be unrolled
or developed so that it will precisely
cover a flat area. But a spherical sur
face is different. Any attempt to flat
ten it down tears or stretches it. Boys
who have attempted to cover a yarn
ball know this very well. The cover,
do the best 'they can, never will fit
without stretching some parts of It.
The best way to proceed Is to cut
the leather which is to make the cover
for the ball Into gores, and if there is
enough of them they can be pulled
together . without much distortion.
This is the principle which Mr. Cahill
has Ingeniously -applied in making his
new species of map, though instead
of fitting a cover to a sphere he has
of course flattened the sphere down
upon the outspread ' cover; but it
comes to the same thing. Mr. Cahill
divides the" earth's surface, running
from pole to pole, into a number of
gores, Just as if he were about to fit
them on a huge baseball. These long,
doubly-curving pieces he makes touch
one another about half way between
the equator and the north pole. Then
by distorting them a little as he moves
away from the point of contact, he
manages to get a map which shows
the land of the continents about in
Its right proportions. This is a great
Improvement on some of the older
maps, particularly Mercator's, which
has been in use for more than three
centuries. It was originally devised
for the use of navigators, and has
been of the greatest benefit to them,
but it has also crept Into schoolbooks,
and there it only serves to give young
people a woefully false notion of the
comparative size of countries. Thus
It makes Greenland nearly fas large
as South America and shows Alaska
as If it were fully half as large as
the whole United States.
Mercator made his map by imagin
ing that the earth was surrounded by
a cylinder touching all round the
equator and having its generating
lines parallel with the axis. By gener
ating lines are meant those straight
lines which can be drawn up and
down along the surface of any cylin
der. Mercator placed his Imaginary
eye at the earth's center and located
every point at that spot on his map
where the line of sight through the
earth's surface hit the cylinder. He
then unrolled his cylinder, or devel
oped It, and the trick was done. It
was a very excellent trick, too, when
applied to Its proper purpose, but not
or school children. There are several
other methods of flattening the earth
down upon a surface, which is then
unrolled, if necessary. Into a map. Of
course It is of no use whatever to
flatten, or project. It upon a surface
which is not developable, for the
problem is Just as difficult then as It
was In the first place. Three of these
methods were invented by the Greeks,
to whom we owe the beginnings of
almost everything In science and phil
osophy. Hipparchus invented what
he called the orthographic and stereo
graphic projections, while Thales gave
us the gnomic projection. The ortho
graphic method projects the earth's
surface directly down upon a. flat
sheet by parallel lines. It does very
well for the map of a hemisphere,
since it gives the central parts pretty
correctly. It throws the edges all out
of shape, however. In using the ster
eographlc method a person is sup
posed to stand at some spot on the
earth s surface and look down through
it at a vast sheet of paper. Each spot
Is located on the sheet where his line
of sight strikes it. This projection has
the merit of showing places in their
relative situation, but it distorts tb,e
areas.
In the gnomic projection the eye Is
at the center of the earth. Otherwise
it Is like the stereographic. These
three methods give the map directly.
They differ from the method of Mer
cator, who first projected the earth's
surface on a developable surface and
then unrolled it- The best modern
maps follow Mercator's example, but
Instead of his cylinder a- cone is used
The peak, or apex, of the cone stands
at the pole of the earth, while its base
line may be at any parallel latitude.
The eye is supposed to be at the mid
dle of the base of the cone and each
spot on the earth falls at the end of
the line of sight. Just as In other pro
jections. In this way the enlargement
of the polar regions is avoided. A fur
ther improvement is obtained by using
many cones. The first one is followed
a short distance, then It Is discarded
and a new one applied, and so on all
tne way to tne poie. Thus a devel
opable surface is obtained which con
forms almost accurately to the earth.
and when It Is unrolled the map does
not show much distortion, though, of
course, it does show some. This is
called the poiyconlc projection, be
cause It uses many cones. It has been
widely adopted for the representation
of large land areas, but now it may
give way to Mr. Cahill's method,
which. In some respects, appears to
be more accurate.
PORTLAND'S fTTlRE.
With comparatively unimproved
real estate well removed from the
business center of the city selling at
more than $1100 per front foot, there
Is not much evidence of midsummer
dullness in Portland. From time to
time some of the pessimists, who, like
the poor, are always with. us. emit an
ominous whine to the effect that hard
times are approaching and that the
city is growing too fast. These pre
dictions, however, all emanate from
the same sources which in 1905
warned people to beware of the
slump after the Lewis and Clark fair.
Real estate values In an old-established
city like Portland are governed
by legitimate supply and demand.
Probably 90 per cent of all of the
large transactions that have been re
ported In this city in the past year
have been made for investment pur
poses by men who either had immedi
ate use for the property for them
selves or for tenants for whom they
would build.
We also hear at times that business
is likely to be overdone in Portland.
This statement cannot be substanti
ated unless we admit that the farmers
In the 250,000 square miles of ter
ritory ' tributary to Portland are
growing too much wheat; barley, oats,
livestock, wool, fruit, hops, etc. . We
must also admit that the fishermen
on the lower river and along the
coast are catching too many fish;
that our sawmills are cutting too
much lumber and that every industry
and calling that is creating . new
wealth from our latent resources is
overdone. The city is merely the
great clearing-house for these prod
ucts; the staff necessary to carry on
the work must be increased as the
business of the country increases.
Our farmers were making money
and were increasing the output of
wheat when it sold for 50 cents and
60 cents per bushel. Accordingly it
seems reasonable that they are going
to continue In the business and even
increase it with wheat around $1 per
bushel. - City business and city real
estate prices can never do more than
reflect conditions of the country on
which the city draws for support.
There will accordingly-be no pause of
consequence in . the upward move
ment' of Portland until the world
ceases buying the great food staples
and building material which Oregon
produces In such Immense quantities
that there is always an enormous bal
ance of trade in our favor, whether
we sell abroad or to less favored
states in this country. There is no
occasion for timidity or fear as to the
future of the city so long as develop
ment of the supporting country con
tinues at its present gait. .
TEACHERS AS APPLE GROWERS.
A number of teachers in the public
schools of Portland and elsewhere in
the Pacific Northwest have invested
their savings in small acreage tracts
In this vicinity, with the view. It Is
said, of becoming' associated apple
growers. Considering the price of the
acreage bought, the cost of putting
the land under cultivation and buying
trees and properly caring for them un
til they begin to bear, the venture is
a brave one. This Is especially true In
view" of the fact that the women buy
ers will not be able to do any of
the worTc themselves, but must hire
everything done.
Still the hope that induces a toiler
on a salary to undertake an enterprise
of this kind in a small way "s by no
means a forlorn one. As the years
go on, this acreage will increase in
value and the apple trees, If judicious
ly selected, properly set and cared for,
will, in ten years, be an asset that
will lighten the prospect which every
teacher faces, of being in due time
dropped from the roll as out of date
with new fads and methods in educa
tion that are growing in favor, but
with which the practical, sober-minded
teacher is not in sympathy.
The prospect of outdated usefulness
is appalling to a wage-earner, whose
dally necessities absorb all, or nearly
all, the returns of his or her labor.
This is especially true of persons of
thrifty nature. . To these the small
Investment made during the earning
period is the one assurance of comfort
In the evening of life. A well-cultivated
area of a few acres is perhaps the
ideal surety in such cases. It carries
a promise of maintenance in a simple,
Independent way.
Encouraging in connection with this
venture of teachers Is the experience
of Professor J. L. Dumas, ex-president
of the Washington Horticultural So
ciety and' for many years a teacher.
To a "liking for a good, mellow apple"
he accredits the rare good fortune that
bas taken him from the ranks of
poorly-paid pedagogues and made him
a retired apple-grower. Unable to
find apples suited to his taste in past
years, he conceived the idea of raising
them. He accordingly invested $3000,
the savings of twenty years In school
teaching, in 140 acres of apple land
near Dayton, Wash. Some twenty
years later he sold his orchard for
$150,000, having in the meantime prof
ited to the extent of $125,000 from the
sale of apples grown on the land. Rel
ative success with a five-acre tract of
good apple land contiguous to a grow
ing market would settle the question
of support in retirement whether
from age, inclination or dismissal, for
many a teacher who wonders what she
will do to maintain herself when the
time that Is surely coming comes.
NO ALLIES AND NO FLEET.
The British admiralty is preparing
to increase the naval fleet In the Pa
cific, presumably to vbe in readiness
for anything which might happen In
those history-making political move
ments by Japan and Russia. The
United States with a formidable fleet
of first-class battleships, which are
kept on dress-parade on the Atlantic
station, where they are not needed,
has on the Pacific a couple of old
monitors and a few light cruisers
which are slightly ornamental, but a
long way from being useful In the
event of war. Undoubtedly the
knowledge of our weakness on this
side of the world has afforded a rea
son for the mild contempt which Ja
pan and Russia have been showing
for the United States. This country,
by reason of its geographical posi
tion and also by reason of Its Far
Eastern possessions, should be the
Ledominating power on the Pacific.
With, a shore line reaching for
thousands of miles along this side of
the Pacific, and with additional
thousands of miles of shore line
among our island possessions, this
country certainly has Interests that
demand better protection than we
have been giving them with our use
less Pacific squadron. We may
awaken to the necessity of protecting
our interests after it is too late. De
spite our geographical position and
the ease with which wa could enforce
our demands, we will continue to get
turned down as we were on the Chi
nese loan, until we make some show
of guarding our interests and Insist
ing on their recognition. The tone of
the British press since the recent Jap-
anese-Russian agreement Is distinct
ly favorable to Japan, and there does
not appear to be much protest against
Russian aggression in Manchuria, the
natural Inference being that so long
as Russia is occupied In Manchuria
she will not be prowling around the
British preserves in India.
It is thus apparent that while the
United States with good loyal allies
might get an "even break" in the
event of trouble on the Pacific, even
though we had no naval fleet of con
sequence, It Is quite certain that with
no allies and no fleet we would find
ourselves in a state of splendid isola
tion, with other powers either Indif
ferent or hostile toward us. Mean
while, our fleet of splendid battle
ships Is kept reasonably well em
ployed In social duties on the Atlantlo
station where they may never be
needed for any more serious work.
Germany has turned a deaf ear to
tile entreaties of Madriz for interven
tion in the Nicaraguan trouble. Th-s
importance of a recent polite answer
to one of the numerous notes of Ma
driz to Emperor William was so mag
nified until for a time it' looked as
though Germany really had Intentions
of taking a hand in the trouble. S
ber second thought, or some other
influence, seems to have changed the
view of Germany, and Madriz will
now be obliged to continue the fight
without assistance. News from the
s-at of war shows a fair degree of
impartiality. One day we hear of a
sweeping victory for the government
forces, and the next day the triumph
ant revolutionists are annihilating the
government forces. As Germany has
disclaimed any intention of mixing in
the fight, no complications would fol
low the possible effort of the United
States to apply drastic measures and
put an end to this tiresome squabble
that is hampering trade and laying
waste a rich country.
- The Colonel sits silent in his tent
awaiting the return of Chief Scout
Pinchot, who has wandered far into
the bad lands of the insurgents. But
while the mighty hunter endures the
agony of silence and refuses to remove
the padlock from Hps that were never
still before, the Roosevelt ear is to
the ground. Within the past few davs
I has heard strange rumblings. There
was the dear boy Jimmle, of Ohio,
whom the Colonel presented with an
important Cabinet job for no other
reason than that "Jimmie wanted the
place." Jimmie still wanted a place
and his ex-chief wanted him to have
It; but the people said "Nay, nay."
If that, wasn't enough to provoke
silence, along comes the news that
the Republicans oi Herkimer County,
New "V'ork, in spite of their instruc
tions to nominate "my nephew" Rob
inson for Congress, have, sent an ant'
Roblnson delegation to the . conven
tion. What's all this stuff we hear about
impure ice cream cones and seizure
of them by the Government? If they
are deleterious, the fact should have
. widest publicity. If only a few manu
j facturers are guilty of putting out
names and the reason why their prod
ucts are condemned. Ice cream In
cones enters largely into innocent
gustatory Joys of children at this sea
son of the year. It is one of the, few
sweet things for youngsters that may
be classed as good food. Its subdi
vision into 5-cent quantities puts it
within the reach of the laboring peo
ple. There never should be a doubt
In the parents' minds as to the whole
s jmentss of the cream or of the pack
age containing It. Let us hope the
health authorities will see that im
pure cones are never marketed In
Portland.
Portland's importance as the com
mercial center of the Pacific North
west is once more Illustrated by the
choice of this city as headquarters for
the new fruitgrowers' exchange, em
bracing the States of Oregon, Wash
ington, Idaho and Montana.
Unfortunately, Senator Crane's tour
as the Western scout' for President
Taft will end at Seattle. He should
have been booked to Oregon City,
where he could have sounded senti
ment In Oregon by an interview with
TTRen. t
It is not strange that the first move
ment for a monument to Mark Twain
should come from the American col
ony at Heidelberg. Exile strengthens
and vivifies national love and prise;
the great American humorist Inspired
both.
T. R., Jr., who has become a resi
dent of San Francisco, occupies Ru
dolph Spreckels' house in an exclusive
neighborhood. He certainly has no
political aspirations. If he had, he
would get closer to Mayor McCarthy.
Up to July 29 the registration in
Multnomah County showed: Repub
licans, 13,201; Democrats, 2382. Does
any one doubt that at least 2000 more
Democrats swore falsely in order to
vote in the Republican primaries?
A little dry goods store, conductad
by the late John Wilson in IS56,
grown to a magnificent modern de
partment store covering an entire
block fairly represents the progress
of Portland in half a century.
It will not do for the new bunch In
the Commercial Club's publicity de
partment to overlook advertising Port
land a's the finest Summer resort in
the United States.
A man can be President and be in
hard luck. " Mr. Taft will soon have
to appoint three men to -positions to
which he aspired the supreme bench.
July, 1910, goes on record as me
teorologically the pleasantest month in
the history of Western Oregon.
Secretary Wilson saw something
good at Hood River yesterday.
There are no, bristles on Governor
Llnd. of Minnesota.
COMMENT OX THE CAMP.VIQX.
Stand Loyally by t Ticket.
The Dalles' Optimist.
Upon the whole, the ticket nominated
is an excellent one, and behooves as
all to stand loyally by It- If we do
so. we can, two years hence lift up our
hands to high heaven, as the editor of
The Optimist said on the platform of
the assembly, and "thank God that a
Democrat is without hope In the state
of Oregon."
Bowerman Will Be Supported.
Falls City News.
Jay Bowerman is a man of sturdy
character, conscientious, brave and fear
W?., he Porformance of his duties.
While there were many aspirants for the
recommendation of the assembly the
campaign of Mr. Bowerman will be not
able on account of the most loval sup
port that will be accorded him by the
wyjiauia.
A Fascinating Game.
Belllngham (Wash.) Herald.
Even iinriA, .a . .
. o uubi-i primary sys-
i, Pltlcal convention, which has
. . u" Dut maKe a noise and
pass harmless resolutions, is still not
without some of the old fascination
I. l"l Jl r TiSrm ai1 w t 1 a. ....
LTZ ? J . t me cnier political
event of the biennial period. Politics
is nnr an . .
" . r- viuimiius as ii once was,
but it Is arm o . .i '
".. luLoicsiuij game
for candidates to play at.
! of Better Government.
Roseburg Leader.
The men suggested are the choice of
those 1200 men. are men who believe
In the Republican party, and no doubt
JTu $ " thelr d"ty if elected to office.
The Leader has no objections to otter.
It looks to this paper as the dawn of
better days for Oregon and the North
west, since it promises less of an
archism and other socialistic tenden
cies, less of attacks upon personal lib
erty and better government, state and
county.
The Party Ticket,
Astorian.
There were manv nnt.Kl. ( . . .
- j - - -. Hi - . 1 1 1. kUHl
assembly, whose fine ambitions and in
dispensable plaims were plain to all men
there; but some had to be disappointed;
all could not win out; those that did
moir successes, took tnem at the
hands of the whole assemblv, every
thing was done openly, freely, in prop
er time, under the fixed rule of the
hour; and the ticket, as it is now pre
sented for final and cumulative action
at the nolla. I .. .
- vva uiubi
stand by It, forgetting everything save
oi uuausumg victory tnat snail
restore our party to power, place and
pride once more.
No Dire Results.
Gervals Star.
The assembly has brought none of
the dire results predicted by the oppo
sition. No one Is worrying about any
of the candidates except the opposition
and we always have them with us under
and through all conditions. It is pre
dicted that the entire ticket will be
elected and that, too. by large major
ities. The campaign up to and includ
ing the direct primary will be vigorous
and active. No honest effort will be
left undone to successfully nominate
each and every assembly candidate on
the state ticket. Local conditions are
different, and while a large number
wii; win out. yet a number may fall
of election for county offices. It is
unquestionably a splendid state ticket.
Insincere Lamentation.
Eugene Register.
There is a mirhty insincere note in
the Salem Journal's assembly lamenta
tion. Suppose, for Instance, that Bow
erman, Smith. WIthycombe. Ackerman
and Moores had come before the people
at the primaries without going Into the
assembly, would all five of them have
been nominated as candidates' for Gov
ernor or would not the result have been
the same only one of the five being
chosen? Then why this howl from the
Journal? Does it hope to make the
people believe that the res"" would
have been any different without an as
sembly? But we must have this over
flow of political rot hushed up from
now until the campaign is over. The
people must be misled if possible.
Open and Above Herd.
Washington County News.
Open and above board is the meaning
of assembly if we understand it right.
Instead of politicians' promising each
different candidate for the same office
that they will support them, and lying
to all but one, the Republicans meet in
mass meeting and nominate who they
think .are the best fitted men for the
office. Then at the primary they vote
for said candidates. Each candidate
must file his notice of candidacy same
as1 before whether nominated by assem
bly or petition but those who receive
the assembly nomination enter the
primary with the guarantee that they
will receive the support of those who
participated In the mass meetings.
Assembly la Believed to Be r 'shr.
La Grande Observer.
It was not a meetlng-of "bosses" or
would-be "bosses." Neither was it a
meeting where everything was "cut and
dried" as some would make believe.
The temporary and permanent organ
izations plainly show that no slate-
maker was responsible for the events
of the assembly. The electors
of the state will have the opportunity
of passing on the work of the assembly
either endorsing it as a whole, in
part, or rejecting it entirely. What
ever the outcome may be It will not re
move from the minds of many Repub
licans that assemblies of political par
ties are right and it is our opinion that
they will prevail in the future, even
though the entire ticket headed by Jay
Bowerman Is defeated this Fall.
Political Charlatanry.
Eugene Register.
The insincerity of anti-assembly organs
is clearly shown in their berating of a
delegated Republican assembly coming up
strong from the people of the whole
state and suggesting a ticket, whereas
they laud the action of a self-appointed
assembly of lawyers who meet without
consideration from the masses and frame
up a supreme bench ticket to their own
liking. It is the old etory of straining
at a gnat and swallowing a camel.
It was a bunch of Oregon lawyers who
"repudiated the demands of the people"
and not the Republican assembly, and any
paper In the state, standing pat on the
action of those lawyers who absolutely
ignored the rights of the masses, is a
positive repudiator of the direct primary
law in all that it means and stands for,
and makes itself the laughing stock of
every sensible voter in the state. Such
a paper shows its willingness to enter
into any kind of a game to beat the Re
publican party even to stultifying itself
by the rankest kind oi violation of the
provisions of the direct primary law in
order to do it a law euch paper holds up
to the electorate as their only means of
political salvation, then turns right
around apd stands in with a bunch to
flagrantly and openly violate every pro
vision of that law with the sole am
bition of downing the Republicans.
This campaign ought to serve the noble
purpose of exposing political charlatanry
In this state and show it to the masses
who really stand for clean politics and
the good of the people.
Developing- Literary stars.
Kansas City Times.
- Chief Griffin has armed each police
man with a lead pencil. There's no
telling how many Jack London and
George Ades and Upton Slnclairs and
Mr. Dooleys this innovation may de
velop 'in the force