THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAX, PORTLAND, APRTL 24, 1910.
"Land of Opportunity"
Ten Years' War on Moslem Chieftain Generally Regarded as Failure
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I AO MiTT.T.ATfrJ treacherous, over-
tearing, 'cruel chieftain of the tor
Tiii ' rtert n Tifi ld ftitfmT of the
tenglteh, has, if recent foreign dispatches
fcre to be relied on, won .' triumphal vic-
tory over, the Brilisb. John Bull's red
oated soldiery are said to be evacuating
feomaJIla.nd, thus .bringing to an ,end a
mar of 10 years duration that has cost
(threat Britain millions of dollars . and
khousands of 'men's lives. , Within a. few
Wnonths, it Is believed, the British flag
ll fly-over but one port In that section
Vf Africa.. ' ,
The present disagreeable state of af
fairs is, of course, extremely discouraging
Ho the Britons. London newspapers voice
Jpublic sentiment as regards the situation
by announcing that "the outlook of Brit
ish rule in Sonraltl&nd is very dismal."
England's trouble with Mad Mullah, or
he is called by his followers Moham
ned Bui Abdullah, commenced- In 1893.
toiepatches told of an uprising In the in
ferior of Somallland. and a small troop of
'isoldJers were sent to arrest the crafty
tehieftaln. The wily Moslem led the red
icoats a. long chase acroBS the dreary des
iwrt, and finally defeated them in a sharp
'(decisive battle.
, For three 'years Mad Mullah fought
.iflesperately. Many ' times he' was cor
nered and it was though escape for the
Itfanatlc was impossible. His. knowledge
-of the desert and his influence with the
;neighboring tribes invariably, however,
'enabled him to elude arrest.
The principal reason why the. country
,-ias been so difficult to hold in the face
Itof Mad Mullah's opposition has been its
natural defenses and the Moslem's know
ledge of how to take advantage of them.
fJn the Summer Somaliland Is a pitiless
idesert; and the only water Is in wells 10
'or 15 miles apart.
In their pursuit of the chieftain the
British have had to carry their supplies
I overland, and at every well they were
I forced to fight for water,
i When Mad Mullah met defeat it was
pits usual practice to flee into the desert,
(riestroying walls as he went. .When the
kpursulng soldiers lost their way or ba
les m exhausted by heat and frantic with
thirst, he returned and butchered them.
' Throughout the long war Oreat Britain
fhas been encouraged by the friendly atti
rtude of other religious chiefs of the coun
Wry. It was hoped that with their aid
KMad Mullah would eventually- be taken
flnto custody and his devastating career
Ushecked.
I The fanatic, however, was a religious
Coealot of persuasive qualities. He began
(among his own tribe, and then reached
out to neighboring tribes preaching war
gfor the glory of Islam. His power in
creased rapidly, and his following as well.
iHis crusade with the help of the dervishes
extended over ell Somaliland.
. Friendly 6heJks, who had sworn fealty
to the British, soon became subjects of
tMad Mullah's wrath. Their flocks were
fctolfln, their fe.milles and tribeswomen
rer murdered, and before their protec
tors, the British soldiers, could reach the
Bcene. their foe would be far away into
fth deswt.
Mad Mullah, has broken truce after
truce, and Is regarded as one of the most
treacherous, foes with whom England has
ever dealt.
In 1906 England thought their troubles
had ended when, from Moslem church au
thorities at Mecca, came the announce
ment that the leaders of the sect con
sidered Mad Mullahr's crusade pre
sumptuous. Through these leaders a sort
of three-cornered treaty was - abrogated
between Italy, England and the desert
chief. The fanatic -promised faithfully at
that time to abstain from raiding In
either British or Italian territory.
He broke his truce within a few days.
and since that time the interior of the
country has been almost constantly in a
state of strife. When he was taxed with
bad faith he blamed his followers, arfd
said ho could not restrain them.
Great Britain, if she pulls down the
flag in Somaliland, will do so because of
the craft of this one dusky-skinned war
rior. The vast sums that Parliament has
authorized spending in the past have been
used with but one end in view, the
capturing of Mad Mullah.
It iff believed by the British that with
out the religious leader's influence the
various tribes would speedily become
friendly. Expedition after expedition has
been sent into Somililand ' in the past
two years. Brave officers and soldiers
have been killed without result. Mad
Mullah is as active as ever.
A few weeks ago the subject was again
discussed in Parliament. Some member
suggested building a railroad across the
desert, but this scheme was laughed at
when another member askedif it was ex
pected of Mad Mullah to be at the other
end waiting to give himself up.
John Dillon, in the House of Commons,
set the pace for the members of Parlia
ment by going into the war conditions in
detail. He described! the fearful cost the
campaign was entailing, and . showed,
without question, that during the 10 years
of battle the Moslems have had the bet
ter end of It. Soon after this representa
tives were sent to Somaliland to inves
tigate and after their report
decision to withdraw troops
country.
Mad Mullah has decidedly made the
torrid section of Africa, that is washed
by the Gulf of Aden, Joo hot for the
British. It Is now the intention of the
government to retain posts at Gaila and
Bulhar for a. limited time, but-eventually
the British flag will fly over but one
post, Berbera. which Is to be provided
with a suitable coast defense.
All of the soldiers now in the interior
are to be ordered to the coast. Fanati
cism and Mad Mullah have won the long
fight.
A problem, however, with which the
British government is still wrestling is
."What shall be done with the tribes,
which, throughout the 10-years'- war
have continued friendly to the red coats?"
With the protetction of the soldiery re
moved it 4s feared Mad Mullah may
weak vengeance on these tribes.
The Sixth King's African Rifles, which
is a regiment composed largely of Som
alia, is to be disbanded. These are to be
given their arms for self protection.
The "Friendlies" are. however, to be
allowed to shift for themselves.
If these tribes were armed, it is argued,
as protection against the onslaughts of
Mad Mullah, that crafty personage would.
In all probability, seek to win them over
to his way of thinking. Should such a
state of affairs come to pass any Euro
pean power who becomes involved In a
quarrel with the religious enthusiast
would find him well supplied with the
VSinews of War."
Recent raids of Mad Mullah are attract
ing widespread attention in Europe. A
week or so ago 800 tribesmen in the in
terior supposed to be under British pro
tection, were murdered by the chieftain's
fanatical followers.
Prominent men have many times de
clared that the desert chief is a serious
menace to European interests in North
eastern Africa.
Judging from the present condition of
affairs they seem to be right.
JAPAN AMAZES EUROPE AT SPLENDOR
OF GARDENS SHOWN AT EXPOSITION
Royalties Give Aid in Making Event Success Progress of Orient Shown by Displays Everything from
Aborigines' Village to Latest Type of Dreadnought Shown.
ONDON, April 23. (Special.) All the
try of the East are to be packed into
the grounds of London's "White City"
this year. Japan's social and economic
development, ranging in scope from
the weaving of a beautiful fabric to
the latest Dreadnought, will be depict
ed, side by side with examples of Brit
ish achievement in commerce and art.
"The Land of the Rising Sun" is to
surpass the show she made in 1904 at
the St. Louis World's Fair, where an
area of 130,000 square feet was occu
pied by practical demonstrations of
her modern civilization. Nearly double
this area is now required to exemplify
her progress.
The keenest Interest has been taken
in this exhibition by . the Japanese,
from the Emperor down to the land
scape gardener. The Imperial Diet
granted 1,800,000 yen toward the cost
of the show. Count Hirokichl Mutsu,
the Japanese Government Commission-
;
t JAPANESE GARDEN, REPRODUCED WITH MARVELOUS 1
I FIDELITY IN JAPANESE EXHIBITION IN LONDOl-F. I
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SCBKE3 IS WORK OK MIKADO'S GARUDNEHS. 1
er, has been working hard at the or
ganization for many months, support
ed by Prince Arthur of Connaught, the
honorary president. King Edward will
himself perform the opening ceremony
early In May.
No tetter opportunity has been of
fered Westerners to enable them to
como lrto close touch with the far
Eastern nation that has caught the
secret of Western progress, while re
taining its artistic heritage. Strange
and beautiful sights will greet the eye.
Temples, fairy-like gardens, with or
namental waters and tea houses, have
been created. Graceful tendrils of
wistaria, with their heliotrope-colored
blossoms, cover the buildings. The
glow of azaleas and brilliant splashes
of color provided by native costumes
will brighten the scene, the whole at
mosphere being that of a spectacular
world, ' where ceremonial usage gov
erns everything, from the way to enter
a house to the correct cutting of finger
nails.
The first-thing to be seen on enter-lng-the
exhibition is the famous Tem
ple Gate of Nara,' the ancient capital
of Japan, with dark cedars and ancient
stone lanterns In the . locality. The
great. Daibutsu of Kajnakura has' also
been reproduced on a reduced scale In
another part of the- grounds. The orig
inal model of the god Amlra, over 800
years old, and 49 feet 7 inches high, is
a work of supreme art.
Japanese history can be taken in
tabloid form in the Great Hall, divid
ed into 12 sections, each containing an
historic tableau of life-size figures.
How things happened along from 25
centuries ago down to the present day.
Js pictorially represented. The first
tableau depicts a scene in 20th-century
Toklo, near the Imperial palace.
All the great art collections of Japan
have been laid under contribution for
the embellishment of these tableaux.
Exhibits Illustrating the growth and
expansion of the Japanese navy are an
important feature of the exhibition.
Three hundred years ago Will Adams,
a Britisher from the county of Kent,
was teaching the Japs how to build
ships. Today she possesses 93 ships
of the newest stype, with a total ton
nage of 370,000, and her power In the
Pacific has enabled her ally. Great
Britain, to reduce the size of her China
station squadron. . By means of mod
els, diagrams and in other ways visi
tors can gain a good idea of how the
great achievement in the way of navy
building came about.
Japanese art is represented on a
hitherto unprecedented scale. Contribu
tions from national and private collec
tions, as well as from the principal
temples, are on show in a gallery
shared by a representative series of
works by British artists. In addition to
paintings, sculpture, architecture and
models, the Japanese exhibits include
metal work, arms and armor, textile
fabrics, needlework, pottery and lac-
Japan eee t
rranced Y
Count Hirokklehl Mutnu,
Commissioner, Mho Has
. Wonderful Japan-Brit it4t Exposition
in IiOndon.
'APOSUIOU A
This is the accepted slogan for Oregon, and
according to records of sales of farm lands made
in the last few years, investors and home
seekers show their faith in the prediction.
A tract of 2000 acres, located most favorably
in the line of rapid development in the Willam
ettet Valley, 30 miles east of Portland, 15 miles
from Gresham, is offered for sale by the Port
land Railway, Light & Power Company at a low
price per acre on favorable terms.
A projected railroad line is to pass through
or near this tr&ct, a county road already furnish
ing means of entry and exit for vehicles, includ
ing automobiles. '
In the'wooded portion 22,000,000 feet of good
saw timber stand ready for the woodsman's ax,
and the timber at present prices would go far
toward paying for the entire tract. There is a
lumber mill within three miles in operation.
There axe fully 900 acres of level or gently
sloping farming land, available when cleared,
and from 700 to 800 acres of fine grazing land
now waiting the farmer or dairyman.
Two good-sized creeks, with numerous tribu
taries, furnish an abundance of water.
The tract will be disposed of as a whole,
though a new comer could subdivide to great
advantage.
For terms and full particulars call on or ad
dress Land Department, Room (523, Electric
Building, Portland.
Portland Railway, Light & Power Co.
quer work. Side by side will appear
the creations of the past and of the
present day, affording an opportunlty
of comparison between the one and the
other. Every object shown comes from
Japan and no loans have been used from
collectors or dealers.
Although no clamor has been raised
as yet by Japanese women for the
vote, woman's influence has, of course,
been affected by the advent of Western
Ideas. One of the most Instructive sec
tions is devoted to women's work. What
Japanese ladies are doing in connection
with the Red Cross Society of Japan
win be demonstrated, as well as th
attention paid to female education;
while by means of the exhibits visitor
may get some Idea of the work of the
daughters of Nippon In the household,
and in the practical organization of
charity.
Demonstrations in the art of floral
decoration, fine samples of lace work,
gold and silver ornamentation, em
broideries and brocades, together with
richly wrought costumes will delight
feminine sightseers.
Another interesting feature to be
shown is the production of silk from
the cocoon to the graceful fabric and
pictorial representations of Japan as
she appears in each of the four seasons.
Among the shows is a Japanese Fair
with craftsmen at work, a village of
Formosans, the once famous head hunt
ers, and also .a village of the Ainu,
Japan's original Inhabitants, who still,
retain the primitive habits and customs
of their ancestors. Japanese theaters
will present plays according to the
Oriental style.
Deft Japanese workmen have been
busy for weeks preparing the gardens
and structures, bringing about a trans
formation scene, which for quaint and
beautiful effects can hardly be sur
passed. Queen Alexandra visited the
Gardens the other day and was so
pleased she sent for the head gardener.
When he came he was so nonplussed
at being in the Royal presence he for
got all his English and stammered in
Japanese till Count Mutsu came to his
aid.
East and West meet at the "White
City, in spite of Kipling's assertion
that the junction is impossible. Visi
tors will find themselves in the midst
of a cosmopolitan crowd, as they wan
der about the spacious grounds and
in and out of the various side shows.
Making tracks for. the Mountain Rail
way from the Formosan village, the
globetrotter may rub shoulders with
as motley a crowd as ever assembled
together in one place.
Having taken part in a quaint East
ern tea ceremony and had the memory
wafted away by an aerial excursion In
the Flip-flap, a long English drink, can
be enjoyed before a dizzy trip on the
Spiral Toboggan, or a peep into the
Cave of the Children's Ghosts a
splash of pathetic Japanese local color.
Evils in Masks.
There is no rose
Without Its cruel thorn.
No pleasure glows
Without some grief to fill us.
In words of bliss
There still lurk, tones of scorn
In every kiss
Hides some doggoned bacillus!
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