THE SI
SULTAN AT MERCY
OF YOUNG TURKS
Invading Army Subdues Muti
neers in Barracks and Holds
Abdul Prisoner.
CONFLICT OPENS AT DAWN
Ylldli Kiosk Is Stronghold and Slief-
kot Fears Mines Abdul Will
Ketaln Crown, but Be
Stripped of Tower.
(Continued from First Page.)
overwhelming, and the Matchka garri
son soon surrendered.
Advance Under Deadly Fire.
Almost immediately the loyal soldiers
in the Tasch Kischla barracks on the
opposite hill opened a deadly Are, but.
notwithstanding that many of. them
fell., the Salonica troops did not hesi
tate in their advance. They moved
slowly , and cauti6usly. bringing up
their machine guns, which eventually
resulted in silencing the garrison.
trif.',We heavJ- losses on both sides.
w hlle this attack was proceeding an
other corps of Salonica Infantry en
countered a sudden attack frpm the ar
tillery in the Taxim barracks, but these
were supplied with, rifles only., Mukh
tar Bey. commander of the Salonica
rorccs, fell dead and many were killed
or wounded on the first assault.
Thousunds Killed and Wounded. ,
The fighting in the Stamboul quarter
"rourred , t the Porte, where the gar
r son refused to surrender, but after a
3 W of then were killed and more than
" were wounded. Then they -hoisted th.:
white flag and surrendered.
The troops who were made prisoners
were conveyed under strong escort to
Stamboul and interned In the War Office.
As they passed through the street of
Pera, which so lately had echoed their
gaiety, they looked sullen and dejected
and seemed to resent deeply their de
feat at the hands of fellow-Moslems.
The people on the streets were impressed
with the quick fate that had overtaken
the mutineers.
This conflict between Moslem and
Moslem has had a profound effect upon
the Turkish people and it is feared that
It may become the seed of further trou
ble. Officers Let Them Be Shot.
Questioned as to why they fired upon
the Salonica soldiers, one of the prison
ers replied that they had arms and would
be cowards to surrender without a shot
Had not their officers hidden the keys
to the storerooms where the guns and
ammunition were kept, they would have
made, the Macedonian troops dance to a
different tune. Apparently the officers
made no effort to hold the soldiers. The
Indifference of the officers was in re
venge for their recent persecution, when.
Is Is estimated, more than 160 officers
were murdered by the men.
A tourist party of 50 or 60 Americans
was at an early breakfast when the
boom of artillery shook the windows
of the Pera Palace Hotel. There was a
scurry to the windows, but thev wr
unable to see anything at their posi-
tlon. Ambassador Leishman sent them
VL "luo 11 was obliged to hoist
the white flag. There was stiff fight
ing at the Iplik-haneh barracks, where
" uiuuiiuui an frvm.n .
estl-
A round
it is be-
The private
UyDAY OREG0NIAX, PORTLAND. APRIL 25, 1909.
TURKEYSTRIVESTD
OVERTURN DESPOT
Constitution No Sooner Set Up
Than He Plots Again to
Regain Despotism.
TWO REFORM FACTIONS
Committee of Union and Progress
Represents "Young Turkey and
Favors Strong Central Gov
ernment for Empire.
CONSTANTINOPLE, April 24 (Spe
cial.) When Sultan Abdul rfamid II is
sued a proclamation last July reviving
the Committee of Union and Progress.
This is the working organization of the
Liberal, or Young Turk, party. The
president of tne Chamber, Ahmed Riza,
and most of the vice-presidents, ' secre
taries and quaestors are among their
members. The Union tnd Progress fac
tion believes - in the centralization of
power. Opposed to this faction is another
of decentralizers those who do not wish
government power centralized the Lib
eral Union element. Speaking broadly,
the governing Turkish element believes
in centralization and the non-Turkish
element in the Empire does not favor it.
. How Revolution Began.
The Toung Turkish revolution began
with a mutiny of troops at Monastir,
Uskub, Salonica and other military cen
ters of Euiopean Turkey in the Summer
of 1908. The officers Joining the troops and
the movement having spread throughout
the army, the Sultan found himself power
lees and yielded to the demand for the
restoration of the constitution. But he
has been intriguing ever since to regain
absolute power . and has worked on the
Mahommedan fanaticism of the troops' to
win them over. The outcome was the
mutiny of the Constantinople garrison on
April 10. against an order for Implicit
obedience to orders, even though it in
volved firing on the priests and theolo
gical students. The cabinet and president
of the assembly were forced to resign,
and many officers of the army were as
sassinated. The Sultan prompt "forgave"
the mutineers, who had been instrumental
in overthrowing the Young Turks, no
doubt at his instigation.
This outbreak aroused the indignation
arrlv.H , , . v.c. ny
0 '"i.iim were quartered.
1 erhaps the most remarkable feature
of the attack on the city was the great
number of people of all nationalities
including many Europeans, who
thronged the streets outside the battle
zone. Everybody showed that confi
dence had been inspired by the disci
pline, valor and friendly courtesy of
the hjvadlng troops, particularly the
gendarmes of Salonica.
The number of mshdik.. -v.i.i.-
will -..-, v. .7" i""""y
- V Known, out it is
'.neu. lar into tne thousands.
mo laxim barracks alone,
lleved. 1000 or
h - -" UU Villa
ouses within the lln nt ,.f j
greatly. - w""c""
Abuse of White Flag.
One of the heaviest losses to the Par
liamentary forces occurred through the
SlehVf W ,hlte flaK by the besieged
Tasch Kischla Barracks. For more than
an hour the machine guns of the at
tacking party poured a hai: of shot into
the garrison and then the defenders
hoisted the white flag. Infantry moved
forward in the open and the gunfire was
suspended. AVhen these battalions were
Within 400 yards of the barracks the guns
behind the walls poured a deadly fire
Into ihem, J7 being killed and 80 wounded.
In one quarter some 6000 or 7000 troops
were engaged ln the conflict, but with
the terrific exchange of shots few non
combitants were killed.
Mutineers Die Fighting.
Half of thj Salonica chasseurs, who
were wrought from the country districts
several months ago and placed in the
ildiz Karrison by the Committee of
nlon and Progress, and who took a
prominent part In the recent mutiny, fell
fighting in or near the barracks, where
they iad murdered most of their officers
only 10 days ago. In the pockets of some
of the dead were found large sums of
money in gold, which, it is assumed
was part of the price of their loyalty.
The American Ambassador, Mr. Leish
man. declared that' the conduct of the
Americans during the fighting and while
he w.is arranslng to send them, off on a
steamer was fiplendld. They displayed
the ka-nest interest in the strange bat
tle , an-i every woman showed great
vim... ureru was no fainting nor
hysterics.
At noon the battle ceased and precau
tionary measures were taken immediately
by the victors to' insure the safety of the
residents. No disorders of any kind oc
curred during the afternoon and no loot
ing was permitted. General satisfaction
seem id to be fc:t at the swift change
from uncertainty to constitutional order.
Sultan Only Nominal Ruler.
Should the Sultan remain ln office, it
will be merely in a nominal way. His
allowance will be greatly restricted and
h will have no means for further agita
tion, should his mind turn again in this
direction. It Is credibly reported that
the Sultun had distributed within recent
days 2.000.000 Turkish to the troops.
The Question -of his deposition or his
execution can hardly be considered a
possibility. Me has teen tried, it is true,
and condemned ln the Committee of
Union and Pt ogress as untrustworthy,
but it is stated authoritatively that he
win be allowed to remain where he is for
the present.
Embassies Well Guarded.
retachments of military cadets, com
manded by officers of the Constitu
tionalists, are protecting the for
eign Embassies, and every possible meas
ure has been taken to prevent disturb
ances ln the city. Enver Bey, one of the
Young Turk leaders, has sent a company
of infantry to guard each legation.
Several Americans were wounded dur
ing the fighting, including Frederick
Moore and Harry G. Dwight. both corre
spondents, and -Alexander A, Gargoulo.
the first dragoman of the American Em
bassy. Mr. Moore's wife, who is an
Englishwoman, is caring for him at the
French hospital. Rifat Pasha,, the Min
ister of Foreign Affairs, inquired per
sonally of Ambassador Leishman regard
ing Mr. Moore's condition, and expressed
regret that an American Bhould have
been Injured.
Mr. Moore was wounded while watch
ing the operations through a field glass.
By his side stood a Greek taking pho
tographs. The two men probably at.
traded the attention of the Turkish
marksmen. The bullet that passed
through Mr. Moore's neck killed a native
behind him.
Desperate Fight of Mutineers.
A fine view was had of the fight ai
Tasch Kischla Barracks from the root
garden of the German -Embassy. rr.
von Miguel, consellor of the Embassy,
and the military and naval attaches were
among those who witnessed the wnoie
light. The Yildiz Kiosk was about 200
yards distant and the barracks not more
than 500 yards. One side of the bar
racks was almost blown away. Not less
than 500 of the garrison finally retreatfcd
by the rear gates, dragging machine guns
wun mem. They fought ln the Turkish
SLT'S rillAL..PLACE F EEFUGE WHICH IS BESIEGED BY REVOLUTIONISTS.
rt-rpTjigH fitly!!,,
wllii tin ill nil
f
"I
1 J?A
YILDIZ KIOSK, TURKISH ROYAL PALACE.
to a steamer about to leave Constanti
nople under the protection of a guard
of soldiers supplied-him - by the local
commander. M. he . Ambassador then
visited the leading hotels where' Ameri
cans were stopping, i to reassure them
that their part of the oity was secure,
and . that they were in no danger.
' Among the Americans in Constantin
ople were: Rear-Admiral Coly M. Ches
ter, retired, and Mrs. Chester; Arthur
-nester, of New York, the Admiral's son,
ana jurs.
Arthur Chester; Fmnlr Car-
penter and Miss Carpenter, Miss Mary patrfnf,Ln. "w ,th,
Lee. daughter of Robert S. Lee. and Ju- . """otism. as Western na
the almost forgotten constitution of 1876
it was generally believed in the world
outside of Mohammedanism that he did
so in response to the feeling that it was
inevitable to do so that unless he Insti
tuted reforms, reforms would sweep him
out of existence, at least in a political
sense.
The Young Turk movement is the lib
eral movement. Not all its supporters are
young; many of them are bid and whtte-
naarea. DUt all are voune lr th
oi cesirlng new things, fnr
nius Morgan, or New York.
Admiral Chester expressed the opin
ion that Schefket Pasha had handled
his forces ln an admirable manner.
As soon as it was definitely known that
the fighting was at an end, the streets of
the city became thronged with people
eager to get the latest news. Pickets from
the corps under the command of Niazi
Bey, hero of the revolt at Resna last
July, entered Pera at lfl:30 A. M. and
were loudly cheered by the people.
Police patrols at 11 o'clock were visiting
the shops, assuring the occupants that
they had nothing to fear and inviting
them to open.
sense
Turkey.
atlons know It.
MOORE MAN OF ADVENTURE
Made Good as Newspaper Man, Then
Went to Balkans.
NEW ORLEANS, April 24. Fred K
Moore Is a New Orleans man. A few
years ago ne made his way to New York
City on a tugboat from the Crescent City,
determined to "make good" in news
paper work. After working for the big
New York papers in that city and in
Washington he went abroad, where he
had many exciting adventures in the
Balkans. Later he Joined the Associated
Press staff for a time and, aftei" resign
ing, began the writing of books descrip
tive of his travels.
graveyard that fronts the Embassy un-
PROBE SULTANS BEHAVIOR
Sheik-el-Islam Will Decide Whether
Ruler Did Right or Wrong.
fv BERLIN. April- 24. The Turkish em
Ibassy received the following Hic,ii,
Constantinople tonight:
"The second and third army corps have
taken possession of all the barracks. Op
position was offered in only a few cases
which necessitated the use of force. Com
plete quiet and security reign in the
city."
A dispatch to' the Tageblatt from
Salonica says It Is learned authoritatively
that the deposition pf the Sultan in prin
ciple has not been decided upon.
After, an examination of witnesses .con
cerning the complicity of the Sultan, the
Sheik-el-Islam will be ordered to issue a
sacred edict, setting forth whether the
Sultan has. proved himself unworthy to
occupy the throne because of his having
broken the religious law, which resulted
in the killing of Believers and injury to
Islamic principles.
MOORE'S WOUND IS SLIGHT
Correspondent Doing Well Gun
boat Ordered to Scene. .
WASHINGTON, April 24 Dispatches
from Ambassador Leishman this after
noon say the wound sustained by the
American correspondent, Fred Moore, is
not considered dangerous. Moore is rest
ing comfortably at the French hospital
Secretary of the Navy Meyer today
cabled the commander of the United
States gunboat Scorpion, now at Naples
to have his repairs finished at the earliest
possible date, so that he might be able
to proceed to Constantinople.
Taft Among Philosophers.
PHILADELPHIA. April 24. The annual
meeting of the Philosophical Society to
day elected President Taft and Francis
ajarwm, a son or cnarles Darwin, tr.
memDersnip.
A NEW TRAIN DE LUXE
Commencing May 2 the Canadian To.
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between Portland and St. Paul. This
will be the finest train operated in the
est.
passionate devotion to the state because
It represents national feeling and indi
vidual welfare, hardly exists ln Turkey.
Devotion to the Sultan has existed
through mixed motives, of which fear
and expediency would seem to be the
chief.
Reform Farty in. Control.
But there is a large element nf Tm-ta,.
that knows the rest of the world is bet-
8CLTAN AND HIS KMTIRE.
Abdul Hamld II was bom Septem
ber 22. 1842. and became Sultan
August 81, 1876, on the deposition of
his brother, Murad V.
The throne of Turkey does not de
scend to the eldest son of the
Sultan, but to the senior male de
scendant of the first Ottoman. The
present heir apparent is Prince
Mohamed Rechard EtTendl, who was
born November 8, 1844.
The Turkish Empire under the di
rect rule of the Sultan has a popu
lation of 24,813,700 and an area, of
1.1 56. BOO square miles.
ter off ln many respects, and desires to
secure for the nation certain reforms.
That Turkey is as yet prepared poorly
for constitutional government is gen
erally admitted. But on the principle
that the only way to learn how to swim
is first to flounder, the Young Turk ele
ment has advocated and brought about
imuuuueaiary elections, at which the first
National Assembly under the new consti
tution, that which met last December,
was elected.
Much has bee.n
counts of recent Turkish happenings of
of the rest of the army and the Young
Turks, with headquarters at Salonica,
took control of the troops at provincial
centers and Btarted the movement to
restore the Young Turk Cabinet by
seizing the capital and gaining control
of the person pf the Sultan. This
movement succeeded today through the
utter defeat of the troops which ad
hered to the Sultan and the siege of
his palace.
Where Tewflk Pasha, the newest
Grand ' Vizier, stands as regards the
great European powers is uncertain, bur
It may be taken for granted that he is
not neutral, for the influence of Great
Britain has been bitterly opposed to
that of Germany in Turkey for a num
ber of years and practically all the
leaders of Turkish politics favor one
nation or the other.
Jealousy of Great Powers.
It is. of course, well known to stu
dents of modern European politics that
but for the jealousy of the powers of
Europe. Turkey would long ago have
been conquered by Russia and made
part of the Czar s domain. Not only
has each of the other powers been jeal
ous of Russia, but Great Britain, Ger
many, France, Austria and the lesser
nations have shown distrust each
of the other's motive as regards the
Sultan's realm. Thus the status quo
has been maintained and in the future
as in the past, it may be counted certain
that each of the powers will be opposed
to any Interference with Turkish af
fairs that would give any advantage to
another power.
WHO SHALL SHARE IN EMPIRE?
Britain and Russia Rivals for Tur
kish Domains.
CHICAGO. April 24. (Special.)
Turkey for many years has been the
bete nolr of European governments,
because her name symbolizes that en
during bugbear of Old World chan
cellories the Eastern question. What
nations are to divide the territory of
Turkey ln Europe, should the Ottoman
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These are three of the chief questions
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