v. v- : x
WHETS' ex-Prefldent Roosevelt et
sail for Africa on his quest for
big game, he will (Imply be fol
' lowing In the footsteps of several nota
ble Americans of today, whose hunting
prowess Is known in many of the big
game fields of the lan. Is that lie beyond
the bound of the United States. Indeed,
some of these predecessors of Mr. Roose
velt have records as hunters In most of
the world's big game fields, including
those of their native land.
W. T. Hornaday. recognized In two
hemispheres an America s leading oo
Inglcal garden authority and rreator. has
bagged big game and email in South
America. Florida. India. Ceylon, the Ma
lay Peninsula. Horneo. British Columbia.
Montana. Wyoming. Arizona and Mexico.
He has shot the Indian elephant, the
tiger, the Indian bison, the sambar deer,
the axis deer, the wild hog. the gazelle,
the black buck, the sloth bear, the sun
bear, the muntjac and the mugger In the
East Indies, and In America his rifle has
brought, to earth the bison, the antelope,
the mountain goat, the mountain sheep,
the mule deer, the white-tailed deer and
the puma truly a formidable bag of blc
game, and one of which any hunter, no
matter how exacting or strenuous he
might be. would undoubtedly be properly
proud.
Mr. Hornaday has been a hunter of and
a student of big game and small from
childhood, when, as a Hoosler lad. he
learned to shoot; and with the exception
of the few years that he was engaged In
the real estate business, he has spent all
bis grown-up yean. In going after and
making still and live collections of the
animals of the world, both great and
small. Most of his hunting expeditions
have been made with the express object
of making xoological collectioa. and on
some of these trips he has passed as much
m two and three years at a time In" the
heart of the Jungle, meotlng. It Is need
less to say. with enough adventure and
close shaves" to form the backbone of
an Interminable series of boys' books.
According to Mr. Hornaday himself, his
most hair-raising adventure and his near
est arproach to violent death in the Jun
gles befell him when he was In India
hunting elephants. On the day In ques
tion he tame unaware upon a rath
er large herd of elephants, but without
betraying his presence to the pachy
derms. As he stood watching the herd.
Ms attention was fixed by the playful
antics of a baby elephant. After romp
ing for orhe time about Its mother, the
little creature set out on an exploring
tour of the Jurgle. Mr. Hornaday. anx
ious to study the youngster further, fol
lowed it. noiselessly, as he supposed. But
he must have made some flight noise, for
before he had taken many steps In the
trail of the baby. Its maddened and ter
rified mother came crashing through the
Jungle and w:is all but upon him before
he realized his danger. Mr. Hornaday
frankly acknowledges that he never was
more scared in his life, but he stood his
ground-there was nothing else to do
and when the great beast was within 15
paces of him be let go with his rifle, fir
ing two zinc bullets in quick succession
Into the elephant's, skull. The effect was
elrtrtc. for with a suddenness equal to
that with which she had charged the
hunter, the mother turned at right an
gle and. shrieking and trumpeting In her
pain, crashed through the Jungle.
One of Mr. Hornaday' most Interesting
b:g game experiences in this country be
fell him when he was fortunate enough to
discover a herd of bison whose existence
was unknown to the settlors round about.
Mr. Hornaday at the time was making a
collection of bison for the Government,
and for tree months after he located the
precious herd-bison were mighty scarce
even then-he and his assistants spent
their time killing snd mounting the ani
mals. He returned to Washington with S3
mounted specimens and a live calf.
Leaving out of consideration Colonel W.
F. Cody. Mr. Hornaday probably has
more bison to his credit than any other
living well-known American. And these
bison are to Mr. Hornadiiy's credit, for
he killed them that future generations of
Americana may know what the great
game that once crowded our Western
plains looked like In the flesh.
averi Jr'rom an Klephant by a Ijlttle
Fox Terrk-r.
Another prominent big game hunter who
had a blood-curdling experience while
after elephants is William Astor Chanler.
who also has an enviable record as an
African explorer, ar.8 who did such good
work before Santiago that he was es
pecially con-mended in dispatches by Gen
eral Shafter. This Chanler. by the way.
is a brother of the Chanler who failed to
defeat Chsrles E. Hughes in the recent
gubernatorial race In New York.
Chanler turned big game hunter and
African explorer at one and the same
tune when he was Just a short time past
his majorr.y. He had got well toward
his objective point, a plaoe near the equa
tor never before visited by white men.
when he had his never-to-be-forgotten ad
venture with a herd of elephants, coming
out of It with his life owing to the fact
that he had taken with him on his travels
a spunky little fox terrier that answrered
to the name of Felix.
Meeting with a band of natives who
were so short of food that they were on
the verge of starvation, the blacks prom
ised to show Chanler where there were
elephants if he would fill their stomachs.
This the wTilts man did. and true to
their word the natives supplied him with
guides and off the party started for the
haunts of the pachyderms. After a fruit
less Journey of several hours, the hunt
era suddenly came upon elephant trails
leading In all directions. From this point
on the huruVers crawled on their hands
and knees through a forest of brush and
thorn until they came near to a clearing
In which the game was feeding. At this
Interesting Juncture the natives beat a re
treat, leaving Chanler with only his .two
gun-bearers and his own guides as com
panions. Chanler, nothing daunted, wormed his
way to within 60 feet of the herd, then
fired. Before the smoke following the
speeding of his second bullet had cleared
away, he heard what he calls "a sicken
ing, crashing nolee and trumpeting." and
realized that an elephant was bearing
down upon him. Quick as a flash, he
reached for another gun. and then dis
covered that both his gun-bearers had
fled. He was alone with an unloaded
and useless gun and behind the wounded
elephant five other were tearing In his
direction.
Chanler took the only course that was
left open to him he Jumped Into the
mass of thorn bordering the trail, and
hurt himself so painfully that for a mo
ment he forgot all about the six mon
sters charging down upon him. But not
Felix, the dog'. Escaping from the native
who had run with him to. the rear, the
terrier had bounded back to his master's
side, and as the leader of the elephants
came abreast of Chanler. Felix sprang
through the air, landed on the pachy
derm and bit It viciously. Clearly fright
ened by the onslaught of this" unlooked
for and mysterious enemy, the elephant
sheered suddenly away from Chanler's
uncomfortable post and made off Into the
Jungle, the other elephant following.
One can Imagine the feelings of the little
dog's owner when later Felix disap
peared forever down the cruel maw of a
crocodile.
At another time Chanler had a close
shave from being badly mangled, to say
the least, by a rhinoceros. He waa stalk
ing this game, when he suddenly heard,
not ) feet In front of him, the snort of a
rhino. 'In a moment." says Chanler,
"1 heard the dull thud of his feet, but the
grass was so high and thick that I could
catch no' glimpse of the animal, yet all
the time he was coming in my direction.
Soon he reached the trail not 30 feet be
hind wnere I stood. I had my rifle ready,
but could not use It. as my boy, Sururu,
was between me and the onrushlng ani
mal. In an instant he caught Sururu
and with horror I saw him fling the
boy's body through the air, and I had
Just sufficient time to throw myself to
one side into the bush ere he thundered
past me Into the long grass and dis
appeared." Fortunately, the black boy escaped
fatal injury, this being due to the fact
that the beast' horn was Impeded In
Its progress Into the lad's flesh by
striking against a nickel framed watch
and a nickel framed compass which were
In a pocket of Chanler's coat that the
boy was wearing.
Chanler gained quite a reputation
among the natives as a hunter of hip
pos and rhinos, and several time als
skill in landing these species of African
big game kept his expedition from be
coming foodless in the fastnesses of the
Park Continent. On his first trip Into
the African big game regions, Chanler
was accompanied by his brother Wln
throp. who. also. Is no mean big game
hunter; and on his second trip he had
aa his sole white companion a Lieutenant
THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN. PORTLAND, NOYE3IBER 23, I90S.
MM)
WHO
e-J? . STF.
V
In the Austrian army, who
injured by a hippopotamus.
Caspar Whitney a Worldwide Hun
ter of Bis Game.
Like Director Hornaday. of the New
York Zoological Society. Caspar Whitney
has hunted big game In many quarters
of the world; and, again, like Hornaday,
he has been an ardent sportsman most
of his life. Indeed, after he had taken
the entrance examinations for Harvard
back in 1S76, he decided to go traveling
instead of to college, and ever since then
he has headed once every so often for
some one of the world's big game fields.
During the six years beginning with 1SS0
he spent practically all his time hunting
and exploring.
Mr. Whitney has the distinction of
being the first American of note to hunt
In Slam and Burmah. going there after
big game that he might get out of the
beaten paths made by big game hunters
in India and Africa. In Siam he laid low
several specimens of the native buffalo,
despite the fact that the dense under
gTowth of the Jungles made hunting, even
to an expert like Mr. Whitney, akin to
pot luck. In Burmah he got buffalo and
a panther, while in Sumatra, where he
next ventured before turning his face
homeward, he had the satisfaction of
putting a bullet behind the ear of an
elephant that was charging on him and
beholding the great brute fall dead. Whit
ney's big game trophies make a formida
ble loological collection of themselves.
To Mr. Whitney I am Indebted for an
authoritative definition of the word
"hunter." A hunter Is a man who goes
out for the love of sport, who loves the
wilderness, and who spends a good deal
of time hunting. A hunter la an alto
gether different creature from a shooter.
A shooter, according to Mr. Whitney, Is
a man who goes out for a week or two in
his vacation to see how much game he
can bag. He simply fires a bullet and
hopes and prays that It will hit some
thing. Under these definitions a good
many well-known Americans, who donbt
leFS consider themselves In the hunter
class, are nothing more than shooters.
The Greatest Amatenr Big Game
Hunter.
An American who has hunted big game
m every clime and country of the world
who. In fact. Is probably entitled to be
heralded as the greatest amateur big
game hunter In the world Is John R.
Bradley, of New York City. Wherever
big game roams over the face of the
earth, there Mr. Bradley has been on its
trail, and as he Is a millionaire several
times over he never has to think twice
about the needed funds when he feels
the hunting fever coming on him.
About the only species of big game
known to he modern world that Mr.
Bradley, has not yet placed In his bag Is
the polar bear. Some months ago he. In
company of Dr. Frederick A. Cook, the
Arctic explorer, went North In search of
polar bears and other Arctic game. But
before a bear had been secured Mr. Brad
ley asked his companion if he would not
like to make a dash for the Pole. Dr.
Cook re plied In the affirmative, his host
turned over his yacht to him, and the
doctor set about his polar preparations,
while Mr. Bradley returned home. Some
day, however, Mr. Bradley means to bag
at least one polar bear, even If he has
to go to the pole Itself to get It.
In one hunting day Mr. Bradley has
been charged by a rhinoceros and con
fronted by a lioness at close quarters.
As the rhino charged him from a dis
tance of less than a hundred yards, Mr.
Bradley pumped lead Into or rather
against Its sides as fast as his gun
would work. But on the brute came, until
a bullet struck it in a leg, when It halted
In its charge for a moment, thus giving
Its enemy time to get Into a safer po
sition, from which he sent a bullet into
the animal's brain.
The rhinoceros had barely been cut up
and distributed among the natives when
Mr. Bradley, on his way back to the head
of his caravan, found himself facing a
lioness, which had emerged from the Jun
gle only a few yards ahead of him. Brad-
Irak
WQDT EAME XT?
jq-:;Ji m. tVI' :
was badly I . - 1
T ? V
$ ; te,
i .ft
ley raised his. gun to fire to his dismay
an empty shell prevented its working. As
quickly as he could under the circum
stances he set matters right, but before
he could fire the lioness took to her heels
and was swallowed from view by the
jungle.
Mr. Bradley's home is decorated large
ly with the trophies of his hunting ex
peditions. Skins of all sorts are strewn
about the floors and the furniture, and
not a little of the furniture Itself has
been manufactured out of such trophies
as horns and tusks secured In every big
game field In Africa and Asia, from the
Cape of Good Hope to the bleak steppes
of Siberia.
While In the arctic fastnesses Explorer
Robert E. Peary frequently goes after
big game, not only that he and his men
may have sport, but also that they may
have full larders. Walrus, polar bear,
reindeer this the big game that Peary
knows best and of which his rifle, since
he has been searching after the Pole,
has brought down numerous specimens.
Peary haa also hunted big game In the
Maine woods and elsewhere in this coun
try; Indeed, he cultivated his love of
hunting when, as a youngster and a
young man. he spent a great deal of hls
spare time tramping through the great
woods of the Pine Tree State.
A. Donaldson Smith, the Philadelphlan
who several years ago attracted the at
tention of the geographical world by his
Important exploration work in Africa,
has to his credit one or more specimens
of all the familiar species of African big
game. General A. W. Greeley's rifle has
been heard not only In the big game
fields of this country, but elsewhere on
the continent, as well; and. of course.
Colonel W. T. Cody, known to young
America a "Buffalo Bill," Is a familiar
figure on many a big game field, though
he has done most of his hunting on this
continent and in this country. Of late
years. Colonel Cody has limited his
hunting practically to the Big Horn
Basin, in Wyoming, where he has a
ranch of some 20,000 acre. Here he
spends his Winters, leading his guests
in expeditions after the game of the
region, bear, mountain lion, deer, elk,
etc.
Glfford Plnchot, of the Federal for
estry service, and a confidant of Presi
dent Roosevelt; with gun in hand has
tramped through the forests of the far
Northwest for weeks at a stretch, and(
every species of big. game indigenous to
these forests has fallen before the crack
of his weapon. He, however, is yet to
hunt abroad. The same is also true of
Owen Wlster, the novelist, who has quite
a reputation in certain parts of the West
as a big game hunter. He has killed
every kind of big game known In the
Rocky Mountain country except the
mountain lion. Somehow or other, -whenever
he has taken aim at a mountain
lion, the bullet haa sped wide of its
mark.
Two of England's best-known big game
hunters are Baden-Powell, the hero of
Mafeklng, and Lord Desborough, who
was at the head of the Olympic games
held In London last Summer. Baden-
Powell can shoot as easily and accurate
ly with his left hand as with his right,
and many a ferocious animal has he laid
low In Africa and India. Lord Desbor
ough, besides hunting In India and Af
rica, the two big game fields most fa
vored by Englishmen, has shot in the
Rocky Mountains. With him, as with
all true hunters, he hunts that he may be
in the open and escape for a time from
the conventionalities of civilization.
When he was in India at the Durbar,
the Prince of Wales turned big game
hunter on several occasions, and his
party had the satisfaction of bagging
tigers, leopards and other fine specimens
of Indian big game. Sir Harry Johnstone,
who discovered the okapl, is another en
thusiastic big game hunter who owes al
legiance to King Edward.
STUDENTS TAKING UP COMMERCE AS A STUDY
rra r.lw.mM Are Kow Teach lnK the Principles of Business to Students Who Work oy Day.
BUSINESS college Is not the
same thing as the business de
nartment of a university. The
A
university adjunct attempts to realize
the Ideal of extra Instruction to men
already at work who want to improve
on their standing in the commercial world,
says the New York Sun.
It alms to teach them how to do
their work better and how to rise to
greater heights. Instilling Into 'the
mind of a man the principles of com
mercial law. how to make contracts
and how to sell goods, the sciences of
accounting and investigating are part
of the university business department.
It is a step above the business school,
which teaches rather mora llmltedly
Dookkeeping. stenography, typewriting
and other things to Introduce a man
Into business.
The business branch of university
work is comparatively a new thing.
The first of all was the Wharton
School of Commerce and Finance at
the University of Pennsylvania.
That had its earliest beginnings in
1881. The members of other faculties
In the university objected to the estab
lishment of it. believing among other
things that It would cheapen the uni
versity name.
So the Wharton bequest was kept,
but the Wharton commerce school lan
guished for almost a dozen years. It
was not until 1S93 that It began to
amount to something. It did not, how
ever, take up accounting, reckoned one
of the most important parts of the
work such a school may do.
In 1890 the University of Chicago
announced that courses in business in
struction would be a part of the work
hereafter, but the courses were not
seriously undertaken and they amount
ed really to very little.
The second business department In
the country actually to do something
was that at the University of Wiscon
sin, which began operations in 1897.
Then came, almost together, the schools
at New York University and Dart
mouth. The local school was founded at the
request of the certified public account
ants, and for that reason accounting
forms a very Important part of its
work, very likely the most important.
The Amos Tuck School of Administra
tion and Finance at Dartmouth was be
gun In the neighborhood of 1900, too.
The school at the University of Illi
nois was founded through the efforts
of Edmund J. James, president of the
university. Professor James was for
merly In the faculty of the Wharton
School, which also had In It the dean
of the New York University School,
Joseph French Johnson. The best work
of the Illinois school began this year.
Michigan and Harvard were next to
fall Into line. The latter school began
work this year. It is called the Gradu
ate School of Business Administration
and Is not as close to the working
person as are some of the others. The
very pre-requisite of a bachelor's de
gree Is bound to separate It from the
"masses."
One of the most promising schools of
the year Is that at Northwestern Uni
versity, opened only a few months ago.
This Is In the city of Chicago, not in
Evanston, and Its night courses, It is
But the most noted of all the British
big game hunters Is Frederick C. Selous,
who. from 1871 to 1S90, Inclusive 20 years
spent every day of his life hunting big
game In Africa. He was only 19 when he
asked permission of the dusky King of
Matabeleland to hunt elephants In his
domains, and was laughingly told that he
was barely old enough to hunt antelopes.
But he secured the coveted permission,
and soon thereafter began to show the
Matabele ruler that, boy though he was,
he knew how to lay low the elephant
better than any other man that had yet
set foot on Africa.
Mr. Selous did not return to England
until 1892. and the same year found him
back in the Dark Continent. In fact,
since he first went to Africa he has spent
precious little time In England, for hunt-
believed, will soon be the biggest of all.
Night courses in Philadelphia have
attracted about 500 students..Outside of
the colleges named Vermont has a small
business course, founded through the
efforts of John H. Converse, of Phila
delphia; the University of Cincinnati
has a small evening school, and the
University of Colorado also ha estab
lished evening courses.
It is explained that almost all the
colleges have some courses which are
likely to be of value to the man in busi
ness, and these are called, vaguely,
business courses. The universities now
have set out after the establishment of
business departments, because day after
day the sentiment in favor of them
grows. There will be a school present
ly at Tufts College, a bequest having
been left for it.
In this city the New York University
School has grown from 60 students to
nearly 1000. At the present time there
are more than the building can accom
modate with comfort.
The students have to carry chairs
from one lecture-room to another, so
hampered are they for seats. As has
been set forth, the chief thing at the
New York University is the course for ac
countants. It was the first university
to pay particular attention to this de
partment. New York University, says Dean
Johnson, makes Its especial appeal to
the young men in the city who have
jobs but who want to better them
selves. For that reason the bulk of
the work is done in the evening.
While the school attracts men who
are college graduates In some cases, in
the main the students are of the city
stores or industries. The young men
in Insurance office who want to help
themselves along come to the school
and get the theoretical and practical
work in insurance. They are taken
around by an expert who teaches them
how to Inspect buildings In order that
they may Know what sort of risk each
building is. They laarn the sort of
thing they will need In actual business.
The school does not demand anything
more than that the prospective student
should have had a proper high school
education. Dean Johnson has in his
care the looking over of the prospective
students, and he depends chiey upon
his judgment for his decision.
Dean Johnson was telling the other
day of taking his daughter to a large
college to arrange for her entrance
there. According to his description It
took four hours of hard work and trot
ting about to consult various persons
before she could get in.
"Nothing of that sort here,', he said.
"If a young man comes In here It
needn't take him 15 minutes to arrange
all the details. This is a business school
and we try to do thing in a business
like way."
The N. Y. U. school doesn't want the
sort of person who comes to It only be
cause he believes he can get a job when
he gets out through the agency of the
school. The department does that sort
of thing, but doesn't want the man who
regards it as an employment agency.
Dean Johnson told about a man of 40
who came to see him and told him his
story.
"He was a telegraph operator," he
said, "but wanted to get out of that Into
something better. So he took up the
course in accounting and graduated.
"He got a Job and held It for about
three months. I met him In the street
ing with him Is not only a pleasure, but C
business, and by It he has made his living
all these years. Just as John R. Bradley
Is probably the world's greatest amateur
hunter of big and small game, so Mr. Se
lous is probably the world's greatest pro
fessional hunter of big game and small
principally big game, however. For years
he has held the record for elephant
killed by an individual In hunting; a few
years ago the number was 80 odd. Buf
falo and antelope he has killed by the
hundred, literally. He has had more hair
breadth escaoea from death while hunt
fng""tnan"he has years, 66; but despite his
lifelong strenuous existence and the in
numerable hardships he has suffered, he
Is as spry as a three-year-old and as fond
of hunting today as when he began it, a
slim youth of 19.
Of the members of royalty who claim
to hunt from time to time, old Trince
Luitpold, the regent of Bavaria. Is the
only one who really hunts. The rest
shoot, and, at that, shoot at game that Is
driven right up under their guns by the
beaters of their hunting preserves.
But Luitpold, who is now 87 and still
vigorous. Insists on real hunting when he
takes his gun In hand, and without the
assistance of beaters and other game re
tainers he scrambles over fls Alps in
quest "of chamois and eagles, and fre
quently with a good measure of success.
He is a Jolly old hunter, too. and doesn't
care a hang about court etiquette when
he is afield. Emperor William and vari
ous other crowned heads pretend that
they also don't want to be bothered by
court etiquette when they hunt-beg par
don, shoot. Which is probably .true: but
It Is equally true that they have a hunt
ing etiquette that is as formidable, al
most, as the etiquette with which they
usually surround themselves.
(Copyright. 1908, by the Associated Liter
ary Press.)
one day and he told me he had been
laid off on account of lack of work. I
knew what that meant, because the poor
workers are always the first laid off.
"He got another place and lasted only
a few months there. But he was game.
He came back to us and told me that
his brother, an Insurance man up In tha
state, told him if he'd study insurance
he'd find a place for him.
"So he went to work and completed
that course. I haven't heard from him
since, but I believe he caught on well.
He had the patience and the pluck, even
though he was 40.
"We get them all ages, but most of
our students are younger than that, of
course. We had one young man who
came In here. He was working for an
Insurance company.
"He took the night courses and studied
hard. After he had been out a while hs
dropped in to say he had been promoted
and was getting more salary. Some
months later he came in to say that h
was secretary to the president of the
company, opened that man' letter and
answered most of them himself. Just
leaving them for the president's signa
ture, was getting J3500 and was to marry
the prettiest girl In Brooklyn.
"Well, I told him 3500 a year and
the prettiest girl In Brooklyn was a
pretty fine combination for a young man
not 30 years old, and he said It wm, and
that what's more he'd be president one
of these days. There' nothing to stop
a young fellow like that.
"What we have chiefly to do Is to In
struct the young men in the actual me
chanics of the business. We can't teach
them tact if they haven't It born in
them, so of course we cannot guarantee
them success in life.
"The best that a department of this
sort can do is to give them a thorough
grounding In what commercial law. prin
ciples of railroad work, finance, politi
cal economy and the writing of business
English. German and Spanish they can
get from our teachers. Financial and
commercial newspaper work, adverti
Ing all that sort of thing we teach as
well as they can be taught.
"It take nerve to work in the school.
With a young fellow who is working In
the day time it needs courage to give
over his nights to study. That's what
he has to do from the end of September
to the beginning of June. He has to
quit thinking of going around with
girls to dances and so on, and he ha
to buckle down to keep even with his
classes.
"There are men who aren't missing
any chances and .they don't want any
one in the class to hold them back.
However, if a fellow has the nerve to
give up the social side while he is tak
ing his two years in the business school
he ought to amount to something."
Dean Johnson comes from the middle
West. He went to Harvard and after
being graduated In 1878 started to work
as a reporter on the Chicago Tribune.
He took up financial work and was for
a time financial editor of the paper.
In 1893 he decided he would do some
thing else and went to the Wharton
School to teach newspaper work, which
college prospectuses call Journalism.
When the N. Y. U. school was opened
he 'came to New York and took charge
of it He looks like a good man to
size up folks, whl ;h his task calls for.
The Calcutta conntable or "parawallah."
& he Is called has an apparatus attached to
his shoulder to aupport
aa umbrella over hi
head.