IS ' Jf.k' MEASURE
PSkwM -IZED MAN
" ;7T WOULD
'w ...... 1W t. if! . 1 IWV HOa, -..(. ' w;:. .; :..-.:;..-..' , , ... H W. - - mv ll x 'T i .
r L j . .-"Twer'
. . ' . - &", '. ;s- it v,, if III
the average for ,' and th.v have sliown an amazing fmilily I I I W r JLdnX " 'V ill
for progress. There are many talented v I Jo ' w v ' - 1
musicians among them. o that the Car- j- , & -r yit VtJ . 1
lislc Indian schoo! band is famous a ISU"iri itV, - 'V' J
over the country. Several Indians have f& fZ W " S ' ' f
(tone to Congress, and have taken places g Iflf '" 3 4 ' - - A- ' I 1
of .nnucnee in other warns. Vi ' , , VHf! V J
MENT SHOWS THAT UNCIVIL -'
IF GIVEN THE , OPPOi2TUNIrr
JBQUiL HIS WSTS
tS. sis V
Zy- J r i
mm-:
IE savages of the world round ie-
fenders recently intone the foremost
scientific, men of Europe.
Here noted scholars presented argu
ments to prove that In many cases the
aborigines of the world were not so far
behind elvlllred man In respect to natural
brain power as the world has been wont
to believe.
No less a savant than Principal Jev
or.s. -of the Durham University, speaking
to the lower culture section of the His
tory of Religions Congress. In London
advanced the remarkable proposition that
to exchange the environment of the s.iv
ag and the civilized man Of Europe,
mould demonstrate in a few generations
that the former would accustom his ways
himself to civilization Just as certainly as
the white man. surrounded only by wild
and savage, conditions, would lapse Into
the Ways of the aborigine.
Then came a sertts of astonishing
propositions.
I.. T. Hobhouse. Professor of Sociology
at lxndon University, compared the skull
of the Polynesian with that df an Kng
lishman. He admitted that the brain
reservoir of the savage was just as sreat
as that of the Briton, and he further con
ceded that the natural life of the savaga
spared him many of the weakening im
pulses that result from the rices -of the
man of civilization.
The only cause of the undoubted mental
superiority of the Englishman, he con
eluded, was because the latter profited
by the intellectual bequests of previous
generations, while the Polynesian
malned at the same mental level as his
remote ancestors.
This was quite an admission for an
Englishman to make, but It was east In
the shade by the retort of Profcssjr
Plechmann. a German savant, who told
how he had been studying the arts of
hjpnotism and suggestion, which are now
takina- a more potent place In the
medical beliefs of the modern world
The professor told how he had been
astounded to find that the savages of
many countries had. through their medl
cine men. long exercised these aria of
Influence and suggestion that have the
effect of curing a person of ills through
the brain rather than through the body.
Another expert sneered at the self
superior pose of the white man. and re
called how in England until the eight
ecnth century there was a belief
magic, and that not much more than a
century and a half ago persons suspect
ed of witchcraft were burned In many
civilized countries.
He argued that considering the supe
rior advantages of the white man's
countries, the progress made was far
from being great enough in comparison
to pennit the patronizing of the savage
in all parts of the world.
But the most wonderful of all the
arguments for the possibilities of the
savage were purely mathematical. They
represented the researches of Professor
Sol las. a noted German scholar.
He adduces the law of dimensions to
show that there is no reason why the
savage should not some day be the
equal of his white brother, provided
that brain capacity counts.
He even demonstrated that no im
measurable chasm exists between pre
historic man and the cultivated citizen
of today.
Professor Sollas made an exhaustive
series of measurements. The results
lie attained surprised him. for he ex
reeled to find the skull of the modern
man of education would demonstrate
beyond cavil that he enjoyed advan
tages with which the savage could nev
er hope to catch up. What he did find
was exactly the reverse.
He found that the men of the so
called Neanderthal race and the Poly
nesian or Australian type of blacks,
who really represent the lowest type
of man. are in reality of the same
family. -
The brain size in the two is virtually
equal.
In the earlier period of the paleo
lithic age. Professor Sollas deduces
that men who then inhabited Europe
had developed an average skull capac
ity of ? cut.rc inches. At the end of
the paleolithic period men had devel
oped their brain accommodation to 4z
cubic inches, which Is a size that is
only a shade below
today.
This rapidity in cerebral development
In that one period leads Professor Sol
las to believe that there must havo
been a considerable variation! in the
size of the prehistoric brain. He esti
mates that about 18 cubic inches each
way. This would give those early races
skulls with a minimum of 50 cubic
inches and a maximum of 94 cubic
Inches. The least intelligent men of
that day were about 50 per cent as well
gifted in mental possibilities as the
average man of today, while those who
had attained the limit of development
would have compared favorably in
brain capacity with the average man
of today.
Assuming that the newly discovered
pithecanthropes remains nepresent the
average type, that race would probably
vary between 43 and 73 cubic inches In
skull development. The latter figure
exceeds the minimum of the Australian
natives and closely approaches their
average, while the minimum of 43 cubic
inches comes very close to the maxi
mum or the antnropoia ape stuns.
Professor Sollas therefore argues that
the pithecanthropes and the Neander
thal men must be regarded as succes
sive links between tne animal worm
and the human race.
After thus dealing with primitive man.
the scholar continues to trace his investi
gations down to the present time, and
shows that tlie savage has in many cases
advanced in brain capacity.
But he has not yet had the proper con
ditions to put this raw material to use.
He has the brain, but it remains un
developed, a fallow field, which must be
reached by the powers of education be
fore he can ' deserve place with the
white man of modern times.
In the United States, the Indian, nat
urally one of the most primitive ana
ferocious of savages, has shown what
can be accomplished In the way of put
ting fertility Into these fields of gray
matter that have been going t waste
for centuries.
At the Carlisle Indian school and other
training establishments, a constantly in
creasing number of reasKlns are ix-uij,
cUucawd Into the ways of the white man, i
In all the new possessions of the Unit
ed States, where savage races are to be
found, notably the Tagaloes and the
Moros. evidences have been furnished to
investigators that they are far from
being hopeless from a mental standpoint.
All that is needed is the power of educa
tion. Kngland in its vast scope of Colonial
interests, furnishes many cases of the
lower races showing possibilities of de
velopment that liave astounded thjir
teachers. '
Among many of these primitive peo
ples are to be found really excellent
systems of government, where the power
is properly distributed and the products
of the land are so divided as to make
livelihood easy for all. The mental gifts
are not of a kind such as is shown and
valued in the new world, but the necro
mancers of many savage countries can
perform feats of skill which all the
brains of the Occident cannot explain.
For every act of ferocity that can be
charged against the savage there is ever
an explanation. The white men against
whom it was directed, went into his coun
try, with the Idea of stealing from the
original owner, and the savage who
fought to defend had to use only those
horrible moans of resistance which he
knew.
As civilization carries Itself further and
further into the remote homes of aborigi
nal man. and education gives opportuni
ties to those who never knew them, the
truth of the speeches made at the Lon
don Congress are destined to be verified.
The savage Is a better man, mentally,
than he has received credit for.
What New CJork Stands for in
Theatricals
No Other City in the Land Would Tolerate Stage
Rankness and Verbal Xastiness.
CHARLES
to write
gustedly.
New Tork Correspondent of the Wash
ington Star.
HARL.E3 EBADH the novelist, used
amusedly if somewhat dis-
of what he called the
'prurient prudery" of the British. AH
the same, "prurient prudery" is a heap
better than popular pruriency. That
sort of thing, as has often been set forth
in this correspondence, grows steadily ia
New York.
For example, a shop window display
must be exceedingly risque these days to
engage the attention of New Yorkers.
They don't call 'em "window dressers"
over here any more, by the way they're
"window undressers."
A dtetirwjuisiied French editor who re
cently visited New York declared that
Paris has much to learn from New York
In the matter of these extraordinary win
dow displays and he added, naively, that
Paris doesn't need to learn too much
of it.
Everybody knows, of course, that New
Yorkers will tolerate will, indeed, en
thusiastically applaud stage utterances
and a degre of stage rankness that no
other American city would think of
standing for. Most of ttie so-termed
musical comedies that leave New York
after long runs here, for road tours,
have to be severely clipped of their
verbal nastiness and the draping of the
women considerably amplified to suit
the decent censorship of what New
York theatrical folk call the "provin
cial" audiences.
As a matter of fact, not a few of the
plays that go out from New York have
to be subjected to this sort of pruning.
A noted romantic actor, once a stickler
for dramatic propriety, is now present
ing a play -here, some of the scenes' of
which are so close to the line of utter
Indecency tiiat they would inevitably
be hissed anywhere else than in New
York. Here, hbwever, these indecent
linen make the hit of the piece.
And it would seem, too, as if the
time were at hand when no new play
may hope for success in New York un
less It embraces at least one disrobing
scene. Some actresses are now lend
ing themselves to this sort of thing
who. a very few years ago, would have
resented even the thought of engaging
in such a prostitution of their art. One
recalls how,' not so long ago, these
"orange blossom" vulgarities were rig
idly confined to the variety shows
given at the stag theaters. But they're
on Broadway now all right.' and, ap
parently, on Broadway to stay.
It is just as well to leave it to the
sociological or the psychological stu
dent to discover the reason why the
theater-going women of New York are
even fonder of these wholly unneces
sary atrocities of pruriency for many
such scenes are introduced with
scarcely any bearing at all upon the
progress of the story than are the
men folks. That such Is the plain fact,
however, is not to be doubted by any
body who notes the great preponder
ance of women in attendance at the
aters where these exhibitions are given.
Probably the underlying reason for
the Immunity, not to say the popularity,
with which this sort of nastiness is re
ceived and greeted In New York is that
New York is hardly an American city
at all.
A Westerner, a man with a well-developed
sense of humor, too, sat through a
New York musical comedy the other even
ing wkhout being able to muster up a
solitary, single laugh from careful atten
tion to the hopeless drivel of which the
piece was made up.
All around him the New Yorkers were
rocking In their seats with noisy, almost
Hvsterieal; mirth. Every cheap, rancid
sally of the "Why does the chicken cross
the road?" variety wrought these New
Yorkers to ecstacies of laughter and ap
plause. Jokes that were careworn when
Texas Sittings and the Burlington Hawk
eye were new and novel publications
drove these New Yorkers to a veritable
distraction of hilarity. The Westerner be
gan to fear that there was something the
matter with him, he felt so much like a
deaths head at the feast a Barmecide
feast, say.
"Now I wonder why this is thus?" he
Inquired, anxious for. enlightenment, of
his New. York entertainer after the show.
"What caused them to laugh so? I am
not, I hope, destitute of a sense of hu
mor. If I - see or hear anything worth
laughing at. why. you can hear me two
blocks. But there wasn't a spark of fun
in that show. The Jokes that were not
merely childish plays upon words were
older than Noah's first disastrous vin
tage. "The dialogue was utterly witless,
pointless. Mellowed by a good dinner, and
with a receptive spirit, I went into that
theater eager to be amused. I am not
blase. But I didn't get a laugh for my
self. Is there anything the matter with
me? And, if not. then what the dickens
ailed all those people what made them
laugh so hard?"
"Simplest thing in life." replied the
New Yorker, with sardonic candor.
About three-fourths of the people in that
theater speak and think in a language
that is not English. It wasn't an Ameri
can audience at all. Very many of these
people had merely an elemental knowl
edge of the English language. Therefore
any sort of a silly joke, any sort of a
piffling play upon words, being entirely
new to them, amused them, made them
laugh. Nothing could be easier to ex
plain. Supposing, for instance, you your
self were living in Germany and just
picking up the language. You would, of
course, be wholly unfamiliar' with the
stock of German jokes and puns. Conse
quently, the most Idiotic sort of a Ger
man alleged funny show unquestionably
would cause you to shriek with laughter,
as these people did tonight. The twist
upon words, the new point of near-humorous
view, would be funny to vou in
such circumstances."
There was a good deal in that analysis
of the . laughter of a New York theater
audience. And a similar sort of analysis,
otherwise applied, would account for the
amount of public nastiness that is tol
erated in New ork. And the final word
of such an analysis would be that New
York simply Is no longer an American,
city at all.
Changes in the Smith Xame.
John Smith plain John Smith is
not very high-sounding; it does not
suggest aristocracy; it is not the name
of any hero in die-away novels; and
yet It is good, Strong and honest.
Transferred to- other languages it
seems to climb the ladder of respecta
bility. Thus in Latin it is Johannes
Smithus; the Italian smoothes It olt
into Giovanni Smithi; the Spaniards
render it Juan Smithus, the Dutchman
adopts it as Hans Schmidt; the French
flatten It out into Jean Sineet; and the
Russian sneezes and barks Jonloff
Smlttowksi. When John Smith gels
Into the tea trade in Canton he be
comes Jovan Shiinmit; if he clambers
about Mount Hecla the Icelanders say
he is .lahne Smithson; if he trades
among the Tuscaroras he becomes Ton
QaSmittia; in Poland he is known a
Ivan Schmittiwelskl; should he wander
among the Welsh mountains they talk
of Jihon Schmidd; when he goes to
Mexico he is hooked as Jontli F'Smitti;
if of classic turn he lingers among
Greek ruins he turns to 'Ion Smikton;
and in Turkey he is utterly disguised
as Yoe Seef.
How Annoying!
Chicago New.
Just now I find my troubled mind
Is running in new channels.
I'll have to buy a blip aupply,
I see, of Winter flannels.
I also note an overcoat -
is something that I'm needing.
For (hence these tears! upon last yr'S
The mothlets have been feeding.
My spirit wilts. It seems that quilts
And blankets miut be bought now.
I've let them go too long. I know.
But they demand som thought now.
The furnace grate, that cannot wait,
Reflection most unpleasing!
We can't expire for want of flrf.
And now we're almost freezing.
And coal! Dear me! I fail to ee
At all how I can make it; (
It's hard and yet I've got to get
A ton or two, plague take It!
My bank account a small amount
Won' t meet it altogether.
it's sure enough coutouiidcd toush.
This sudden change of weather.
1