OREGOXIA3T, PORTLAND, SEPTE5IB1TR
1903.
PORTLAND. OKEGOH.
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PORTLAND. BJUifDAY. SEPT. ST. . 1S08.
IOFT7LAR RTJLB THROUGH RKPRESEXX
ATIVK GOTEB"MIT.
"Shall tbe people rule?" Undoubt
edly. They do rule; not In our coun
try alone which In some ways Is the
most advanced of democracies' but in
most other countries whatever the
special designation of the form of gov.
eminent In Russia and Turkey only,
of great modern states, the people
cannot be said to rule. "Shall the
people rule?" is not at all a question
in the United States of America. But
how they shall rule, by what methods.
forms and measures, and to what ends.
Is the most vital of questions, and al
ways win be; for the course of life of
a nation presents no finalities.
But though In our country the peO'
pie rule, and always will rule for It
is not conceivable that they ever be
come so degenerate as to lose Interest
in government they realize, and they
have ordained that rule and govern
ment shall be directed and controlled
on certain large and defined principles,
established through forms, and guided
and held in check by constitutional
limitations. It is a common saying,
however, that "the people know what
they want; It Is the right of the ma.
Jority to declare." From every side
you hear about "the people's will,1
"the people's desire." But the people
have deliberately bound themselves,
for their own safety, and for preserva
tion of orderly government, to meth
ods and principles written in funda
mental laws; and for further security
have purposely and expressly made it
difficult to change those fundamental
laws. The whole system under which
we live is based on the idea and pur
pose that no majority shall at once
have Its way, in matters that concern
all, but must conform to constitutional
restrictions and limitations. We have
no unqualified democracy, that can
work its will as a majority may wish,
but a representative democracy; in
the words of the National Constitu
tion, "a republican form of govern
ment. Its leading methods are all pre
cisely denned. No attempt of a state,
of a political party, or of any body of
citizens, to supersede them, or to ad
minister the government upon & dif
ferent plan, or to substitute a new or
different method for one distinctly
prescribed, can have any validity
whatever; and , every "promise" or
"pledge" that may be made to do so
, Is void from the beginning. Such
promise or pledge no citizen or body
of citizens has a right to demand
none a right to give.
The people elect their representa
tives, and it is the duty of these rep
resentatives to act with care and de
liberation in the execution of their
trust. But while they are to consider
the wishes, the recommendations, the
petitions and requests of any portion
of their constituents who may ad
dress them, yet the Judgment and re
sponsibility rest with the represents
tlves. It is the very basis of the sys
tern. Senator Heyburn, of Idaho, is
taken to task by a faction in his state,
because he asserts that there is a lim
it to his duty to obey "Instructions'
from a portion of his constituents, or
even from a majority of the Legisla
ture of hla state. Whatever may be
his temporary loss of popularity. Sen.
ator Heyburn undoubtedly laid, down
the true principles of the representa
tive's action. All the writers and
statesmen of any note or authority will
be found to sustain his position
though we do not observe that he
quotes from any of them. Burke,
greatest of all. friend of liberty, cham
pion of America, exponent of the prin
ciples of democratic representative
government, without peer Burke re
fused. In certain grave matters to
obey "lnstruettlons" or "mandates."
"What sort of reason," he replied, "Is
that in which the determination pre
cedes the discussion, tn which one set
of men deliberate and another decide,
and where those who form the con
clusion are distant from those who
hear the arguments?" Proceeding, ha
said: "I did not obey your instructions.
No. I conformed to the Instructions
of truth and nature, and maintained
your Interest against your opinions
with a constancy that became me. A
representative worthy of you ought to
be a person of stability. I am to look,
indeed, to your opinions, but to such
opinions as you and I mnst have five
years hence. I was not to look to the
flash of the day. I knew that you
chose me. In my place, along with
others, to be a pillar of the state, and
not a weathercock on the top of the
edifice, exalted for my levity and ver
satility, and of no use but to indicate
the shiftlngs of every fashionable
gale."
The passages are Immortal, and
should be tha more valuable to Ameri
cans because Burke had refused to
obey "authoritative Instructions" from
his constituents, requiring him to sup
port the crown In the measures It was
pushing against the American colonies,
and at the same time against Ireland. Tha
measures that his constituents had de
manded were carried through Parlia
ment against his protest and hla vote.
In rendering his account he said:
"From war and blood we went back to
submission, and from submission
plunged back again to war and blood,
to desolate and be desolated without
measure, hope, or end. I am a royal
ist; I blushed for this degradation of
the crown. I am Whig; I blushed
for the dishonor of Parliament. I am
a true Englishman; I felt to the quick
for the disgrace of England I am a
man; I felt for the melancholy reverse
of human affairs In the fall of the first
power in the world."
On this same subject of "obeying
Instructions" It may be well here an
now to quote from other great think
era and writers. The following Is from
John Stuart Mill's "Representative
Government:"
If It b an object to possess representa
tives tn any Intellectual respect superior
to averag electors. - it mnst bo counted
upon that the representatlv will sometimes
differ In opinion from the majority of his
constituents, and that wren he does, his
opinion will be the oft en est risht of tha
two. It follow that th electors will not
do wisely If they Insist on absolute con
formity to their opinions aa the condition
of hi retaining his seat.
To the same effect passages might
be cited from Sir Henry Maine, Jeremy
Bentham and many more. The fol
lowing Is from Waiter Bagehot:
Constituency government Is th prcis
epposlt of Parliamentary government
la th government of immoderate persons
far from th seen of action. Instead of th
government of moderate rereon close
th oen of action.
Tet these writers would not have
"the constituent's deference to the
representative's superior knowledge.
arising from his position and sources
of Information go to the length of self-
annihilation"; which la right, too, for
there Is a Just and proper mean which
representatives of the people will no
disregard. But for a portion of the
representative's constituency, most of
whom are opposed to htm, anyway, in
politics or on principle, to make de-
mands upon him that would annlhl
late free will in his Judgment would
be to make a farce of representative.
or republican or constitutional gov
ernment..
tt SHALL THE LIVESTOCK SHOW FAIL?
The Country Club Fair and Live
stock Show for 1908 Is over. It Is use
less to say that results were satisfac
tory. They were not. There was
present, indeed, every element of
success but attendance. The exhlbl
tlon of stock was superb, the races
were excellent, and ail arrangements
for the entertainment, instruction and
convenience of the public were ad
mirable. But public Interest for some
reason was lacking. It should not
have been.
It Is inconceivable that the people
of Portland Intend by their neglect
of this Oregon Institution that It shall
faiL It must not fail. It is an enter
prise that goes to the very life of the
livestock industry In Oregon and the
Pacific Northwest. It is the means.
the best available means, of showing
the world what Oregon has In fine
horses, fine cattle, fine sheep and
pedigreed stock of various kinds. It
Is an evidence of the Interest Oregon
has in the livestock Industry. If we
are to have no livestock show then
Indeed, we might almost as well have
no livestock. But we have the live
stock, and Oregon must' have the
show.
The company of Portland citizens
who have undertaken to make this
exhibition an annual feature of Port
land's industrial activities deserve and
should have the cordial support of
every citizen of Portland and of Ore
gon. They have already paid out for
this enterprise a very large amount of
money, and up to this time have had
Insufficient returns. They must be en
couraged to proceed and to carry out
their original plans. . The people of
Portland should make it manifest now
that they want this livestock exhibi
tion to be held every year In Port
land, and means should be devised to
Insure a large attendance.
The Oregonlan has undertaken to
promote a plan by which there shall
be taken now by the people of Port
land and vicinity a large number of
season tickets, at o eacn, lor tne
livestock show. In 1909. If these should
be sold now they will in a measure
guarantee the success of next year's
fair and show.
"TUB SIMMONS OF THE SOUTH."
Mr. Richard H. Edmonds, editor of
the Manufacturers' Record, of Balti
more, addressed the Southern Society
of Boston last Spring, bearing in his
speech "The Summons of the South"
to her wandering sons and daughters.
The burden of this message was:
Come home; the South needs you."
This address, remarkable for the
strength, directness and reasonable
ness of the plea, has lately been print
ed in pamphlet form and Is being
widely distributed.
Mr. Edmonds tens his fellow-coun
trymen that If they will but "come
home," untold wealth awaits them,
providing they will seek It with any
thing like the courage and Intelligence
that they show in the pursuit of gain
ful occupations In the North and
West, In support of this statement he
has compiled figures that are some
what startling, setting forth the extent
and variety of the sources that wait
development In the South. He quotes
from the reports of the United States
Geological Survey, showing a total of
known Iron ore supplies In the South
to be 10,000,000,000 tons, or about five
times as much as the known ore sup
plies of the Lake Superior region
nearly as much, indeed, as the known
ore supplies of that region and of the
whole of Europe combined. Supple
mental to this statement he predicts
that In thirty yea a single genera
tion the present known supplies of
the Lake Superior region will be ex
hausted, giving the South practically
a monopoly of the iron Industry, un-
ess other sources of supply are In the
meantime discovered.
But this is not all. The South has
62,000 square miles of coal deposits.
nearly 50 per cent more than the" en
tire coal area of Europe. These beds.
on account of their proximity to the
ore, can be and Indeed are now being
worked with unusual profit The South
has also a seemingly exhaustless sup
ply of petroleum, and to crown all it
possesses water power of vast poten
tiality In streams that flow down the
eastern slopes of the Appalachian
ranges.
As to agricultural products, a total
of $700,000,000 worth of cotton a year
has been produced for the last five
years. So much or tnis great staple is
shipped to Europe that as pointed out
by Mr. Edmonds, If It were possible
to gather annually every ounce of gold
mined on earth and pour It into tha
South, the sum would still fall short
by 1100,000,000 of paying Europe's
Indebtedness to that section for cot
ton."
In agricultural products other than
cotton, the South is shown to be strik
ingly productive. Besides the 800,-
000,000 bushels of grain annually pro
duced, the culture of fruits and vege
tables Is enormously profitable. Citrus
fruits in Florida yield $500 an acre,
onions In Texas yield $1000, and rice
growing makes land in Louisiana
worth $100 an acre, whloh twenty
years ago could have been bought for
23 cents.
So runs the marvelous story, as told
by Mr. Edmonds, of actual achieve
ments and reasonable possibilities In
development In the South. It Is a fair
story, and one that should make the
hearts of loyal Southerners swell with
pride and cause those who sojourn In
other parts of the country to turn
their Bteps homeward. Calling aloud
to the army of absentees, Mr. Edmonds
savs:
The Sooth call to yon; It calls with deep'
earnestness, come home. It promises you
a wider field for capital, for muscle, and
for brain than any other equal area on
earth, and It calls you not only by season
of what It otters In material possibilities.
but because tn shaping Its destiny It neede
the hearty co -operation of those who,
broadened by travel and study and tha In
termingling with the people of other sec
tions, are the better prepared to help formu
late and oarry to fruition th policies which
make for ethical and religious, as well aa
for material advancement
Come heme.
Such are the industrial attractions
and the riches awaiting development
In the South as assessed by one of her
broad-minded, loyal sons. Such the
material evidence of the utter ground
lessness of the old contention that
without slaves to work the land the In
dustrial life of the South would cease.
Surely there is no excuse for homesick
Southerners to pine in Northern lati
tudes, or dwell, 111 content, on bleak
Western areas, when the sunny South
land calls to them in tones so elo
quent of prosperity and power.
TUB WEEKLY PAYDAY.
The most satisfactory conditions
result when the worklngman is paid
once a week. Tears ago the Typo
graphical Union, at once the most
progressive and most conservative
body of organized labor, insisted on
having the weekly payday recognized
In Its scale, and the result has been
satisfactory to employe and employer.
Waiting until the end of the month,
and then a week or two more for the
clerical force to catch up, necessitates
a store account and the account at
the store leads to extravagance. Goods
are bought because going into debt is
easy, whereas on the other hand the
ordinary person with cash in hand
Is disposed to ponder for it Is human
nature with most of us to hang on to
the coin and many an unnecessary
article Is not bought for the reason
the buyer mentally reckons the cash
may not hold out To be sure, there
are reckless spenders, buff they are
few compared with the frugal many.
Then, too, the dollar that revolves Is
worth half a dozen that make a sin
gle appearance but to vanish. Cash
gets the bargains, also, and the dol
lar goes farther. The weekly payday
means an even financial flow of life.
while pay on the 10th or the 15th or
the 20th brings affluence for a few
days and a distressing relapse and
financial gloom the weeks that fol
low. The sharks reap the benefit The
change might cost the average em
ployer a trifle extra for bookkeeping,
but the Improvement he would find
In the spirit of his corps would repay
the cost
WHY FORAKER FOUGHT TAFT.
The bitter hostility displayed by
Senator Foraker in his efforts to de
feat Secretary Taft for the Presidential
nomination until quite recently has
been unexplalnable. Taft as a friend
of Roosevelt and generally regarded
as the logical legatee of the Roosevelt
policies, was, of course, in a measure
distasteful to Foraker, but this fact
alone was Insufficient to warrant the
Ohio Senator In displaying such ex
treme rancor and bitterness as were
noticeable In his attacks on Taft
This pronounced hostility was not
clear at the time it was much in evi
dence, but It has ail been made clear
by the recent exposure of the Foraker
connection with Standard Oil. Smart
ing under the merited punishment ad
ministered by Roosevelt, it was but
natural that the great oil trust should
be antagonistic to the President or any
of his friends who might be placed In
position to carry out the reforms
which he had undertaken.
'The voice is Jacob's voice, but the
hands are the hands of Esau." It
was Foraker 'that charged up and
down the State of Ohio, putting forth
mighty effort to defeat Mr. Taft for
the nomination, but It was the Stand
ard Oil that supplied the motive and
expected to profit by his defeat and
the elevation of one of its own pup
pets. In the light of recent disclos
ures of Standard OH tactics, it Is not
at all difficult to trace the programme
of that lawbreaklng trust Baffled in
Its attempt to secure one of its own
hirelings for the head of the Republi
can ticket, it was more fortunate with
the Democrats, and we find the Bryan
campaign In charge of a man whose
direct connection with Standard OH
and its devious methods is established
beyond the possibility of a doubt
Now that the relations of Foraker
and Standard Oil have been exposed,
the opposition to Taft as a possible
successor of Roosevelt pledged to
carry out the work begun by the foe of
the trusts, Is so easily understood tlfat
it cannot prove otherwise than benefi
cial to Mr. Taft. The antagonism of
Standard Oil in this campaign is a far
greater asset than Its friendship. Had
Mr. Taft been satisfactory to the em--plovers
of Governor Haskell, the
Foraker opposition to his nomination
would never have appeared.
BUFFALO BOX.
There has been a man In Portland
for two days who Is a living example
of the power at advertising. His
best-known name Is "Buffalo Bill." It
is a long stretch of time from the lithe
scout of old .General Reynolds' Third
Cavalry at Fort McPherson in West
ern Nebraska, clad In dilapidated hat
and fringed buckskins. In the very
early '70s to the prosperous owner of
a great show in 1903. Ned Buntllne
began it when ,he made Bill outwit
old Spotted Tail and Red Cloud, on
paper to be sure, but h put Bill in
the limelight by recovering the for
lorn maiden from the redskin and the
hero has remained In the brightness
ever since. Everybody wants to see
the man the papers tell of, but the
fact that they want to see him a sec
ond time shows there must be some
thing to him. And there is. He is
the last of a vanishing race of Bills,
and because he remains it must be
that he Is genuine, while the other
ones were counterfeits in other
words, bad bills. Tet, despite that
he has .hobnobbed with Emperors and
been hail fellow with Kings, if it were
ot for the combination of newspaper
and merit, his show might lack pat
ronage. At Tacoma the report got
out that BUI was not with the show.
and the traction company hauled
empty cars back and forth. BUI was
there, however, and satisfied his pat
rons of his presence by scalping his
press agent. Hence the truth of the
opening sentence.
ACTCM3T.
One of Bryanf s prettiest poems de
scribes the death of the flowers in Au
tumn. It is the one which begins with
the lovely line, "The melancholy days
are come, the saddest of the year,"
and goes on through many verses to
bewail the tragic end of everything
beautiful in Nature. Toward the close
the poet describes the first frost He
sings how the goldenrod blooms on
the hill and the aster by the brook,
latest and bravest of the flowers, till
the frost falls "from the clear, cold
heaven as falls the plague on men, and
the beauty of their smile Is gone from
upland, glade and glen."
Bryanf s poem is charming, but It
shows how little attention poets pay to
truth. The flowers do not die In Au
tumn. No vegetation dies. What Is
done Is to clear away the rubbish of
a finished season and get things ready
for the next one. The old leaves fall,
not because death has seized them,
but because life is pushing behind
them in young buds, and the flower
stalks of Summer do not wither until
they have treasured up their store of
life in seeds. If there Is one season of
the year which more than all the oth
ers overflows with expectation and
hope, it is Autumn.
It Is Nature's chosen time to sweep
away the rubbish of the past and in
troduce the future. Wiser than men,
she does not permit herself to be ham
pered by what was done long ago. She
submits to no rule of the dead hand,
but, when one generation of leaves
and blossoms, has done Its work, away
It goes to make room for the next one.
But we human beings lapse Into dumb
reverence before the deeds of other
generations and are prone to think
that the work of blooming and ripen
ing has been done once for all in the
long ago. Nature has no reverence.
In her scheme each Summer's growth
must live Its own life as if It had no
predecessor. All she asks of the past
Is to pass on its vital principle unim
paired, and she commands the present
to do with it what it will. So It Is
everywhere. When we" seek in the
world truth Instead of delusion, we
discover ever new grounds of hope and
nothing which moves us to despair.
Hope-Is the child of knowledge, de
spair belongs to the brood of Ignor
ance. DELETERIOUS gTXSHXNK.
A picturesque quarrel Is raging
among the New Tork doctors over a
nice point in what they elegantly call
"phthisiotherapy." Who would ever
guess that this barbarous combination
of silent and misapplied letters signi
fies nothing more wonderful than "the
treatment of tuberculosis"? The point
In dispute relates to the Influence of
sunshine on the sufferer. When it was
discovered some years ago that the
germ of tuberculosis throve and
waxed fat in dark chambers, every
body rushed to the seemingly obvious
conclusion that the more sunlight a
consumptive could have the better It
would be for him. Dr. Renault in
Robert Herrick's new novel, fell a vic
tim to this mistake, and, in pursu
ance of the delusion, hied him away to
Colorado when he found his lungs dis
appearing from the attacks of the ba
cilli. But Colorado, with all its sun
shine, did him no good, and he finally
found his cure by living in the open
air, Summer and Winter, in Vermont
Pertinently to the New Tork shindy
among the medical luminaries, it is
cited that consumptive soldiers In our
Philippine army almost invariably per
ish. In spite of the tropical sun which
bathes them perpetually In Its beams.
Dr. Woods Hutchinson has an enter.
tainlng discourse on consumption in a
late Saturday Evening Post where he
points out that sunshine is not the
whole thing In the treatment of that
dread disease by any means. Rest
and freedom from worry play an Im
portant part in "phthisiotherapy,"
while abundant food, well cooked, is
perhaps the most weighty factor of all.
The patient must Indeed sun himself,
but he must stuff himself also, and
the more he stuffs the faster he will
recover. Dr. Fletchers theory -or pro
longing life by starvation may be all
very well for those who need no physi
cian; but it Is anathema for consump
tives. What they need above all
things is to keep the furnace well
stokeg with the best of fuel. The
Oregonlan has more than once before
remarked upon the common delusion
that a human being cannot have too
much sunshine for his good, pointing
out how singularly the cloudless cli
mate of Southern California has af
fected Its Inhabitants. If there is a
mania under heaven that does not
find votaries in that falsely enchant
ing region, it would be a comfort to
learn what it Is.
The simple truth is that too much
sunshine' is good neither for the mind
nor the body of human beings who
have not been made immune to its de
structive influence; and even when
physical immunity has been acquired
it Is by no means certain that the In
telligence does not still suffer. To be
sure, Greece nas a ciouaiess say xor
much of the year, particularly Attica,
where the Hellenic stock burst into Its
perfect bloom. The Athenians are de
scribed by their poets as "ever deli
cately marching through most pellucid
air," and their mental alertness is
contrasted with the dullness of the
Thebans, whose sky was often over
cast. But while the bloom of the
Hellenic intellect was Incomparably
brilliant it was also transient Per
haps their sunshine acted upon them
like strong drink, which first illumin
ates the Intelligence and then kills it
Why may we not find the key to the
evanescence of the successive empires
which have risen and fallen in the de
lectable plain between the Euphrates
and Tigris, in the everlasting glare of
light which beats down upon the land?
No breed of men seemed to be capable
of enduring the stress of that fatal
sunshine for long without losing Its
Initial energy. It Is one of the com
monplaces of history that the Roman
stock, which began its career with an
overplus of virility, presently sank Into
Impotence and had to be recruited
from the cloudy north. Is not the
reason clear enough from what has
been said above? At first the Romans
were shepherds who found shelter in
shady woods from the lethal splendor
of the Italian sun, but when they mi
grated to the city the light wrought its
full effedt upon their unprotected
heads, and this most able of human
breeds sank Into decay. This theory
becomes all the more probable when
we remember that the Romans did not
wear hats.
The astuteness of the Mahommedahs
Is shown not alone in their being the
only sect in the world besides the Jews
to adopt monotheism, but as well by
their wise custom of protecting their
skulls from the malignant sun of Asia
by thick turbans. May we not dis
cover in this custom a feason why the
Arabians have continued through all
the ages since Job to be intellectually
as well as physically alert? Every
traveler speaks of their manliness as
well as their indefatigable activity,
which do not seem to suffer at all
from the' blinding glare of the desert
Bun. But 1t is the Jews who perhaps
furnish the most convincing proof of
eur thesis that human beings must bo
protected from too much sunshine or
it will injure them. Nobody, we ap
prehend, will think of disputing the
statement that the Jews are, upon the
whole, the most virile, persistent In
telligent and capable stock that has
ever appeared upon the earth. Wher
ever they are permitted to compete
with other breeds upon terms which
are even half fair they triumph, no
matter whether the competition Is In
tellectual or physical, or merely flnan
cial. The secret of this amazing fit
ness for life may undoubtedly be found
In the apparently insignificant fact
that the orthodox Jews always wear
their hats, both Indoors and out In
deed It is said that the protection of
the head from too much light is one
of their articles of religious faith, as
It la in a metaphorical sense with all
creeds: but the Jews do It In reality,
the others only figuratively. What
sunshine will do to the human being
when It has its fell way with him may
be seen In Africa. Whether Southern
California will ever evolve a race of
men similar to the inhabitants of
Guinea and Soudan It would, of course,
be rash to predict;, all one can say now
Is that the signs are ominous.
GRANGE! TAXRS. .
. The exhibits at the Milwaukie
Grange. Fair this week have made
creditable showing of the industry and
skill of the members of that organlza
tlon, as well as of the products of their
fields, orchards and gardens. The so
cial feature of the fair, like that of
Grange gatherings generally, was
strong point. To the Grange through
out the Willamette Valley the credit
of banishing isolation from farm life
Is at least primarily due. Before the
trolley line, before the rural free de
livery, before good roads in the mod
ern sense were thought of before the
railroad era even this force was
working in earnest neighborly fashion
to bring the farmer folk in touch with
each other In a social, hospitable way.
Women Joined with men In this work,
and boys and girls entered the lodge
room as members as soon as they were
old enough.
The result has been told in many
neighborly gatherings, in not a few
suitable marriages,-and in much hos
pttable entertaining and feasting. The
Grange Fair Is a later development of
the movement, and the effort that
dominates It is praiseworthy. A num
ber of fairs similar to that held at
Milwaukie this week are scheduled in
this vicinity In October. At each of
these ' the fat of the land will be
brought out, exhibited with Just pride
and partaken of with wholesome rel
lsh. Speechmaklng and music lend
variety and charm to these meetings,
and the ever-popular "baby show"
furnishes a fitting finale to the festi
val. The Oregonlan bespeaks for
these fairs, one and all, a full attend
ance, and, recalling the pleasures of
past festivals of similar nature, feels
Justified in promising all who attend
the "good time" for which everybody
is looking.
THE ' STUDY OF ADOLESCENCE.
Boys have been boys since the world
began; they will continue to be boys
while it lasts. Misunderstood, often
misjudged, with a faculty of being In
the wrong place and blundering to get
out of It the average boy stumbles
through the years between 1 and 18,
a nuisance to everybody but his
mother and often her despair. Why,
it has been asked, is a boy at this
period of his Ufe clumsy, a bungler,
careless In his manners? Why does
he, shirk his work? Why Is he whim
sical, bashful, often obstinate and pro
fane, always chafing at restraint?
Until recently no one has taken the
trouble to answer these questions.
Parents of boys have managed to live
through this period, and later, in the
pride of the achievements of their sons
as men and citizens, have forgotten
the anxieties and vexations of these
transition years from boyhood to man
hoqd, or remember them only to be
thankful that the boy came out all
right and "made a man of himself."
Now, however, we find men of prom
inence in the educational world giving
time and thought to the study of ado
lescence. The results of their obser
vations must prove Interesting not
only to parents, but to the community
of which boys everywhere form a
large, active and not infrequently a
perplexing part Dr. G. Stanley Hall,
who Is one of the best authorities on
the growing boy, gave an article on
the subject through Appleton's Maga
zine that looks with rare insight into
the idiosyncrasies of the adolescent
period. "The boy's character from 14
to 18 is ill balanced," says Dr. Hall,
"because his body is." He is having a
lot of trouble in the matter of self
adjustment. What can he do when
his large muscles and Joints grow
faster than his fingers and lips?
When his lengthening bones stretch
the unaccommodating flesh into
"growing pains"? When the heart
and arteries grow unequally, causing
palpitations? When the column of
blood must rise nine inches ln three
or four years and forty-four pounds
of added tissue must tax the undevel
oped digestive apparatus? When he
is conscious of his manly stature, of
his treatment abroad as a man, as a
child at home, and ot his outgrown
mental equipment?
Discerning parents of adolescent
boys will ponder these .questions care
fully and find in Nature the solution of
a problem tne Buoueuea oi wnicn
have long perplexed and baffled them.
With statistics of Indisputable ac
curacy showing us the rapidity with
which we are nearlng the end of our
supply of magnificent timber, the fear
ful waste by forest fires continues. The
big tract that is now burning in Cali
fornia, based on cruisers' estimates,
will be figured as a loss of from 60
cents to 60 cents per thousand feet,
and in some of the remote districts at
less. Even at these figures, the amount
is running up to enormous proportions,
but It is Insignificant In comparison
with the actual loss that must legiti
mately be charged up against the dis
aster. Every thousand feet of timber
destroyed, regardless of whether its
stumpage value is 60 cents or $1,
vniH if it rpmflinprt rreen until it
snouia oe reacneu u iua muw,
sent an addition to, the wealth of the
country of from $S to $30, according
to the quality of the lumber Into which
It was converted. This sum would be
distributed through many channels,
and, on Its roundabout route from the
woods to the consumer, would be a
most important factor in the trade of
the Pacific Coast. .
The steamship Nebraskan, of the
American-Hawaiian line, 'is in port as
the pioneer of a regular line which
gives Portland a fast and excellent
freight service between this city and
the Atlantic seaboard, and also to Eu
ropean ports. This line. In connection
with the Tehuantepec Railroad, can
deliver New Tork freight in Portland
ir less than thirty days after It leaves
New Tork, and from European ports
In from forty-two to forty-five days.
On the Initial voyage the steamer
brought in 1000 tons weight and meas
urement and her outward ship
ment la about 600 tons, the busi
ness for a starter being quite satisfac
tory to the agents. The maintenance
of this regular service is of great im
portance to Portland, as It leaves our
merchants Independent of the rail
roads on an Immense business that
can be handled to as good advantage
by water as by rail. More than ever
before are Portland Jobbers In posi
tion to treat with indifference the at
tempts to establish Jobbing centers
without the. advantage of the ocean
route for cheap movement of freight
A cable from Le Mans, France, says
that the friends of WUbur Wright are
urging him to fly across the English
channel. The water, of course, (offers
some advantages In case the machine
should lose headway and the laws of
gravity assert themselves. Mr. Wright
however, should not forget that the
water In the English Channel Is in
many places so deep that he could not
wade out and drag the machine after
him. For this reason, he will prob
ably decline tc make the attempt at
this time.
The Argentine, which by all past
performances should have ceased ship
ping wheat a month ago, is sttll dump
ing It on the world's markets at the
rate of about 1,000,000 bushels per
week, with the end of the season not
yet In sight. Fortunately for the fairly
large American crop, the Southern
country Is about the only competitor
this year, and, as a result, prices are
full and strong around $1 per bushel.
"Why Isn't T. M. Stevens under ar
rest for bigamy?" asks the Spectator.
Probably because the District Attorney
is too busy getting the papers ready
for arrest and Indictment of the man
who may sell you an apple or popcorn,
or black your shoes, on this bright and
beautiful Sunday. Crime must he
suppressed. The moral, social and re
ligious interests of the city have first
claim.
There Is no objection to Senator
Gore's Oklahoma policy Oklahoma
guaranteeing the ( deposits of her
banks. What New Tork objects to
and Oregon objects to Is a system
which would require them or their
banks to guaranty the banks of Okla
homa. We don't know about Okla
homa except that In general It's a
cowboy, Indian and wildcat country.
It la somewhat embarrassing to Mr.
Bryan to find that Governor Haskell,
of Oklahoma, who wrote at Jbryans
Hlriatlon tha Denver Dlatform. and
was the one man whom Bryan could
trust h treasurer of the Democratic
National Committee, (Haskell's ac
cess to the Standard Oil barrel making
thin Imnortantl should have been
smoked out and forced to resign.
Any promise and pledge, and every
promise and pledge, that violates the
Constitution and contravenes public
policy on the lines established by the
Constitution, is void. It has no valid
ity from the beginning, and binds no
body neither "him that gives nor him
that takes."
"Who is The Oregonlan supporting
for President?" asks a reader who
carps and carks and gibes and sneers
and girds and flouts, and is mean and
malignant generally. Well, everyone
can guess for himself. The Oregonlan
thinks It is not supporting Bryan.
"Will you please answer this ques
tion?" writes a reader of The Ore
gonlan. "If the Presidency belongs to
Roosevelt why shouian t ne oequeatn
it to Taft?" We think this question
should have been addressed to Senator
Bourne.
fanrHrlata Ch'afln claims to have
shaken hands with half a million per
sons during his campaign tour. But
Mr. Bryan can give Mr. Chafln a lit
tle Inside Information on the subject
of handshakers as vote-getters.
ThA unundance- of a most abund
ant season has been checked by the
untimely arrival of Jack Frost. Still
there Is plenty ana to spare or tne
products of fields, gardens and orch
ards. Tn anil tL ha.nana or a package of
nnnrnrn In Portland on Sunday is aw
ful. But there Is no time perhaps no
need to push indictments against
bigamists or bank swindlers. .
The Democratic committee doesn't
even appear to have tried to help
Haskell get his foot out of his mouth
before they consigned him to Okla
homa. Two Wheeler County men who stole
$30 horse paid $1200 lawyer's fees.
and will eo to the penitentiary also.
This is a big price for a scrub animal.
Haskell should also sue the Demo
cratic National Committee for cruel
and unusual punishment They sent
him back to Oklahoma.
Nothing the matter with the late
Country Club Fair and Stock Show,
nos even the weather. Only the at
tendance. Well, if Chamberlain should be
elected Senator, why, of course, tfcere
is the recall- ,
SILHOUETTES
BY ARTHUR A. GREENE.
Among the other sacrifices a young
man must make to win a girl's heart
is to lose hi own head.
e e
A Fall Foma
This Is about
The last call
For open-work hose
And airy
Clothes.
It's the pall
That puts the
Kibosh
On all
Summer
Fol-de-roL
Including
Spooning on the porch.
Baseball
And heat
Prostrations.
Old Sol
Will soon
Take a long
Vacation
And leave
The earth
To Pluvlus,
The ooal man,
The umbrella
And ail
The other
Penalties) of
Fall.
Those who never hope
troubled by disappointments.
e e
Abeenoe makes the heart grow
fonder. It also frequently gets senti
mental letter-writers Into trouble,
see
After 85 a man should have oon
quered his natural passion for red
neckties.
I think the President is getting Just
too peevish for any uee. He might
let Just a few of the boys take some
of Mr. Archbold'a things home with
them.
Hi Reverie.
The songs are sung.
The torles told;
I am sitting alone
And my heart Is cold.
The olub has grown Quiet,
They've all gone home.
My bachelor' dinner wag a great suc
cess. There was nothing to mar
Nor disturb It unless
But how could they know
When we drank "to the bride"
I was thinking of you and the night
you died?
The songs are sung.
The stories told;
I am sitting alone
And my heart Is cold.
The club has grown quiet.
They've all gone home.
e . .
Among my acquaintances Is a man
who Is so conceited he contemplates!
Incorporating and selling stock la
himself.
e e e
I note with a poignant regret that
almost amounts to misery that In Sa
lem amateur violinists are still per
mitted to play the intermezzo from
"Cavalleria Rustlcana."
Those who continually pick the
bone of contention make but a lean
living.
e e e
Men who look like Bryan and know
It' are becoming almost as numerous as
McKinley "doubles" used to be.
e e
Took It Literally.
One day during the Spring term of
the Mount Tabor School one of the bad
"Bills" was handing out some obnoxi
ous conduct and the teacher, Mies Hale
(that Isn't her name), told him sharp-'
ly: "William, leave the room!" BUI
walked to the door and was command
ed: "William, go back and get your'
books!" Bill got the books and re-'
turned as far as the door, when the '
teacher again .' arrested him with:
"William, come back and take your
seat!" Bill went to his "'situation,"
dropped on his knees and began to
unscrew the legs of his bench from
the floor. "William, what are you do
ing?" "Well," drawled Bill, "you told
me to take my seat" Bill stayed in
after school. (Contributed.)
The New Bryan.
New York Sun.
A number of the Southern newspa
pers of the conservative kind are now
speaking of "the New Bryan" and re
galing themselves with ardent but In
expensive speculations as to the re
sults If he had been as moderate and
reasonable In 1896 and 1900 as ha Is
today. It does not seem to occur to
them that he Is cautious Just now be
cause the public are weary and afraid
of the ideas he advanced 12 yeare ago.
Apparently they do not reflect that he
has merely adjusted his utterance to
the current breeze without having
abandoned a single one of his original
incendiary convictions.
The campaign is Just opening, how
ever. We may get a better light on
Bryan later.
Supposing he help to Illuminate the
New Mr. Bryan by answering this
plain question of Mr. Taft:
"If you were rresiaent ana an exi
gency should arrive in which you
were to be called upon to exercise
your discretion affirmatively to main
tain the parity between gold and sil
ver, what would you do?"
Progress of the Campaign.
New York Sun.
Mr. Bryan puts up his mascot mule
for presentation to the Democrat most
instrumental In effecting the largest
percentage gain in the precinct vote
in the United States, and the State of
Columbia, a C asks for a subscription
to the Democratic campaign to tha re
frain: "Blow the bugle, beat the drum
Let the campaign money come.
For Bryan and Kern are running some,
While -Proxy' Taft Is bum, bum, bum."
Thus Bryan's comicality is Infectious.
Tbe Humorous Spectator.
The Spectator (Portland).
The Spectator is thinking of offer
ing a prize for the best essay on "Why
Senator Bourne Thinks Taft Should Be
Elected." Second money will go to the
stenographer who makes a fuU report
of Governor Chamberlain's speech urg
ing Statement No. Oners to vote for
Bryan.
Just What. .
New Tork Evening Post
William R. Hearst the politician, is j
depriving W. R. Hearst, the editor, of
the best "beats" of th year.