THE SUNDAY--OREGOXI AX,. PORTLAND, FEBRUARY 2, 1908.
7
crown- PRINCE
IS REACTIONARY
Incurred Hatred of People by
Advocating Despotic
Rule.
BANISHED BY HIS FATHER
Returned From Colonial Tour Willi
Exaggerated Idea of Ability and
Aggravated Crisis by Op
posing the Liberals.
LISBON. Feb 1. (Special.) Luis
Philippe, Duke of Braganza, tlio Crown
Prince of Portugal, was born in Lisbon
In J8S7, the son of King Carlos. In
another month he would havo been 21
years of age, the customary legal ma
jority, which, however, in the case of
European royalty is usually at 18 years.
His mother Is Queen Marie Amelie, a
princess of France, who was married
to King- Carlos in May, 1SS6.
Throughout his boyhood he was ex.
trcmely precocious, and, being excep
tionally good-looking, high.spirited
and accomplished, was much spoiled.
J I is companions and associates were
recruited principally from the houses
of the old aristrocracy of Portugal,
which are all ultra-conservative and
therefore, opposed to the pending
regime of reform and liberalism.
Head Turned by Adulation.
It was partly with the object of re
moving him from the influence of his
associates and the political consequences
which might follow that, early lasl Sum
mer, ho was sent on a species of royal
progress through the colonial possessions
of Portugal in Africa, his father being
of the opinion that the trip would at the
lame time broaden his mind and encour
age those of his subjects who were en
deavoring to promote the welfare of the
Portuguese crown and nation in remote
dependencies. .
In the last-named respect the trip was
a great success and served to give rise
to a pronounced revival of colonial en
terprise jn Portugal. Hut the enthusiasm
witli which the Crown Prince was re
ceived at every place he visited, the adu
lation to which he was subjected and the
importance accorded to his every act and
utterance in all the cities and settle
ments sufficed completely to turn his
head and to imbue him with the convic
tion that he was gifted by Providence
with qualities of statesmanship which
his father had only acquired after nearly
20 years of experience on the throne of
Portugal.
Hanlshcd for Giving- Bad Advice.
It was natural, therefore, that the
Crown Prince on his return from Africa
should have lent a ready ear to his
former conservative friends when they
urged him to point out to his father the
error of his ways. The Crown Prince
went to the length of telling his father,
it is understood, that the latter was en
dangering the existence of the dynasty.
Hon Carlos realized that the difficulties
with which he and his Government had
to contend were calculated to be in
creased by the hold which his foes had
succeeded in establishing upon the sym
pathies of the heir-apparent, in whose
favor they recommended he should
abdicate.
As a result he took the most efficacious
method to remove him out of harm's
way last November by sending him In
quasi-banishment from the court and the
capital to the royal residence at Villa
Viciosa, an isolated place 100 miles away.
At tho time King Carlos declared that
his son was turning Portugal into a hot
bed of Republicans and Anarchists and
endangering the monarchy. The Incident
created the greatest sensation.
MOST HISTORIC MURDERS
Rotable Rulers and Others Who
Have Died by Violence, a
Paul, Czar of Russia, by nobles,
March 24. lSifl.
Spencer Percival, Premier of Eng
land, by Bellingham, May 11, 1812.
August Kotzebue, German. dramatist,
for political motives, by Earl Sand,
March 23, 1S19.
Charles, Due de Berrl, father of the
Comte de Chambord), February 13,
1S20.
Cap d'Istria, Count, Greek statesman
(torture), October 9, 18:11.
Denis Affre, Archbishop of Paris,
June 27, 1818.
Jlossi, Comte Pellegrino, Roman
statesman, November 13, 1S48.
Frederick William IV. of Prussia, at
tempt by Sofelage, May 22, 1850.
Francis Joseph of Austria, attempt
by L'Benyl, February 18, 1S53.
Ferdinand. Charles III., Duke of Par
ma. March 27, 1S54.
Daniel, Prince of Montenegro, Au
gust 13, 1860.
Abraham Lincoln. President of the
United States, at Ford's Theater, Wash
ington, by John Wilkes Booth, on the
evening of April 14: died April 15, 1865.
Michael, Prince of Servia, June 10,
1868.
Prime Marshal of Spain, December 25;
died December 30. 1870.
George S. Darboy, Archbishop of Paris,
by Communists, May 24, 1871.
Richard. Earl of Mayo, Governor-General
of India, by Shere Ale, a convict,
in Andaman Island, February 8, 1872.
Abdul Aziz, Sultan of Turkey, June 4,
J STB.
Hussein 'Avni and other Turkish Min
isters, by Hassan, a Circassian officer,
June 15, 1870.
William I of Prussia and Germany, at
tempts by Oscar Becker July 18. 1861: by
HoOcl. May 11, 1S78; by Dr. Nobiling. June
2. 1S7S.
Mesmet All. Pasha, by Albanians, Sep
tember 7. 1878.
Alexander II, of Russia, attempts by
Karnkozow, at St. Petersburg. April 16.
I: by Berezo'wski, at Paris, February 6.
1S67; by Alexander Solovleff. April 14,
1870; by undermining a railway train De
cember 1. 1879; by explosion of Winter
Palace. St. Petersburg, February 17. 1880:
killed by explosion of a bomb thrown by
a man who was himself killed, St. Peters
burg. 2 P. M.. March 13. 1881.
James A. Garfield. Piesident of the
United States, shot by Charles Jules Gul
teau. Washington, July 2, 1881; died from
his wounds September 19. 1S81; Guiteau
convicted of murder in the first degree
January 26. 1882: sentenced February 2;
hanged on June 30, 1S82.
Marie Francois Carnot, President of
France, stabbed mortally at Lyons by
Cesaer Santo, an anarchist, Sunday, June
24. 1894.
Stanislaus Stambouloff. ex-Premier of
Bulgaria, killed by four persons armed
witli revolvers and knives, July 25, 18U5.
Nazir-ed-DIn. Shah of Persia, May 1,
1896: he was entering a shrine near his
palace. The man who shot him down was
disguised as a woman, and is believed
to have been the tool of a band of con
spirators, lie was caught anu suffered
the most horrible death that Persian in
genuity could invent.
Antonio Canovas del Castillo, prime
minister of Spain, shot to death, by
Michael Angollllo, alias Golli, an Italian
anarchist, at Santa Agueda, Spain, while
going to the baths, August 8. 1897.
Juan Idiarte Borda, President of Uru
guay, August 25, 1897. at Montevideo by
Avenillo Arredondo, officer In Uruguayan
army.
Jcbe Maria Reyna Barrios, President of
Guatemala, at Guatemala City, February
8, ISI'S, by Oscar Solinger.
Empress Elizabeth of Austria, stabbed
J
In the heart by Laochine, a French
Italian anarchist, at Geneva, Swltz- j
land. while going from her I
hotel to a boat, September 10, 1898. i
William Goebel, Democratic claimant
to the Governorship of Kentucky, shot J
by a person unkown Tuesday, January '
30. 1900, vhlle on his way to the statei
capitol in Frankfort. Ky.
Humbert, King of Italy, shot to
death July 29, 1900, at Monza, Italy, by
Angelo Bresci.
William McKinley, President f the
United States, shot at Buffalo, Septem
ber 6. 1901, by Leon Czolgosz, an an
archist. King Alexander and Queen Draga. of
Servia, . assassinated by revolutionists,
June 10. 1903.
General Bobrikoff, Governor of Fin
land, assassinated by revolutionists, J.une
17, 1904.
Viotsheskoff Constantinovich von
Plehve. Russian Minister of the Interior,
assassinated July 2S, 1904, by revolution
ists. Grand Duko Sergius, of Russia, assas
sinated February 17, 1905, by revolution
ists. '
QUEEN WHO LOVES P
AM F.LI E STUDIED MEDIC1XE TO
REDUCE CARLOS' FAT.
Princess of Exiled French Hour lions
Who Cares for Hospitals and
Opposes Tight-Lacing.
LISBON, Feb. 1. (Special.) Her
Majesty, Amelie, Queen of Portugal, is
the oldest child of the late Comte de
Paris and the elder sister of the
Due d'Orleans. She was born at Twick
enham, September 28, 1865. and was
educated in England, although she
spent some time every year in France
and Spain with the relatives of her
father and mother.
Prior to her marriage to King Carlos
she was looked upon in many respects
as an English princess, as. after her
father's banishment from France she
spent a great part of her time with
her purents in England. She was the
favorite grand-child of her maternal
gr;ind mother. the late Duchess de
Montpensier, the youngest sister of the
ex-Queen Isabella of Spain. It was
through the Duchess that a marriage
was arranged between King Carlos and
Queen Amelie.
Love at First Sight.
When King 4'arlos was 22 years of age,
ho made a visit to the court of England
that decided not only his -fate but i..at of
Princess Anielic. He fell In love with
the latter at first sight, and his suit was
aided by his aunt. Queen Victoria of
England. At the time of her betrothal
Princess Amelie was 20 years of age and
a remarkably handsome girl with slight,
graceful figure and great powers of fas
cination. The marriage took place at Lisbon, May
22, 1886. with great rejoicings, and the
royal pair settled down to a quiet life
in Portugal, enlivened only by visits to
France, Spain. England. In 1887 Crown
Prince Luis Phillipe was born, and No
vember IS, 1889, a second son came. Tho
latter fell heir tb the titles of Duke of
Sxony and Duke of Beja, in addition
to 14 Christian names.
Only Royal Doctor.
For years Queen Amelie was considered
one of the most talented women in the
European nobility. She. is the only royal
doctor of medicine in Europe, having
taken up the study or anatomy and
pathology in the hope of being able to
reduce King Carlos' corpulence. When
one court physician advised his Majesty
to eat less, the King dismissed him.
It was then that the Queen, having re
ceived. her diploma, began to practice her
profession by planning a diet for Dora
Carlos. The latter, however, could not
always abide by his wife's advice in
matters of diet, and on a number of oc
casions visited foreign courts, where the
dinners in his honor were certain to be
ample.
Words for Sick Poor.
Since her marriage, one of Queen
Amelie's greatest interests has been in
working for the improvement of the
hospitals In Portugal and in founding
nursing establishments -for the benefit
of the sick poor. She has maintained
a dispensary and hospital for the sick
children of the poor at her own ex
pense. She is an enemy to tight lacing, and
has preached to the ladies of her court
against this habit. When tho Roent
gen rays were discovered, she was one
of the first to apply the discovery to
a practical purpose. She photographed,
with the aid of the rays, a tight-laced
woman and was then able to demon
strate the dangers of the practice.
Since her agitation on this subject
there has been a marked decrease In
tight-lacing in Portugal.
RESULT POLITICAL TROUBLE
French Papers Ascribe Portugal
Tragedy to Disturbance.
PARIS. Feb. 2. A special dispatch to
the Matin from Lisbon says that five
regiciies were killed after they had mur
dered King Carlos and the Crown Prince.
The news of the killing of the King of
Portugal and the Crown Prince was re
ceived here with feelings of combined
consternation and sorrow. Evidently the
strictest censorship prevailed at Lisbon,
for it was fully six hours before a sin
gle message was alowed to pass. What
is happening in Portugal is not definitely
known, although the last dispatches re
ceived here say that calm followed the
assassination.
The newspapers here express great
sympathy for the Queen, who is French
and whom the Gaulois describes as thes
embodiment of all that is good. The
general view, as voiced by the papers, is
that the tragedy is the sequel of the po
litical situation and the sure result of
an effort to proclaim a republic.
Maxfleld at Newberg.
NEWBERG. Or.. Feb'. 1. In the local
oratorical contest here last night to de
termine who should represent Pacific
College in the State Oratorical contest at
Monmouth, first place was won by Harry
Maxfield, a member of the senior class,
who spoke on "Educational Emancipa
tion." There were six contestants, the
others being Alice Hayes, whose subject
was, "A Nation's True Wealth"; Beuiah
Spaulding. "How Long Shall King Alco
hol Reign"; Roy Mills. "The Triumph of
Altruism"; Laura Hammer, "The Bar
nacles of Our Ship of State"; Haines
Burgess, "The Fruits of Progress."
On "San Juan Hill," bounded by West
Slxty-nrst and Sixty-second streets. Amster
dam and West End avenues, in New York
City, is a block that ha 6173 Inhabitants.
It la the most populous blork In the world.
Perfect fitting glasses fl at Metzger's.
CARLOS ID MS
HEIR MURDERED
(Continued From First Page.)
youth all the skilled physicians that
could" be found in Lisbon.
The last bulletin from the bedside of
Prince Manuel states that at present there
is no danger of complications from the
wounds. The greatest fear is of the pos
sibility of blood-poisoning later.
Queen Amelie Is Regent.
Among the first to be called- into the
critical situation created by the assassina
tion was Premier Franco, the dictator
of the kingdom. Franco was protected
by a squadron of cavalrymen as he
hastened to the palace, and there he con
ferred with the Queen and high officials
of state on what Immediate action should
be taken. It is understood that Queen
Amelie will be Regent during the minority
of Prince Manuel, who is now in his 19th
year.
If the assassins were inspired in air
way by the Republicans, there was no
evidence after the King and his son were
6lain that the Republicans intended im
mediately to follow up the advantage
their cause found in th6 death of the two
highest personages in the stale. The
only striking i sequence to the tragedy
was the complete and bewildering si
lence in which Lisbon is enwrapped.
The details of the murders show that
they were cunningly arranged.
The fact that the royal family was
returning from Villa Viciosa had been
King Carlos I, of Portugal. Who
Was AsMMHinated With His Son
Yesterday.
made public in advance, and the author
ities had arranged what they considered
an effective guard along the route which
the royal carriage was to take.
Sudden Crack of Carbines.
The -trip from Villa Viciosa was with
out incident. The King and his ' family
returned at the end of a day of the
greatest excitement in the city on acr
count of the wholesale arrests and the
continual' discovery of new depots of
arms and bombs. A great throng was
grouped about the Barreiro railroad sta-.
tion and the neighboring streets when
the members of tho royal family disem
barked for the purpose of driving across
the Tagus into the limits of Lisbon. The
carriages awaited them before the land
ing stage, and the King and Queen and
the two Princes entered the leading car
riage, which started immediately, wheel
ing into the Praco de Commercio.
Suddenly the sharp crack o a car
bine startled the assemblage. Then
the air was filled with a succession of
sharp reports and the King was seen to
jump up and reach for his throat, t,hen
to drop back' on the cushions. The
Crown Prince almost simultaneously
was seen to collapse and fall toward
the side of the carriage, while the
Queen, driven to a frenzy, was seeking
to save the Crown Prince and the In
fant Manuel by shielding them with
her body.
A great hush fell upon the crowd,
which for the moment did not com
prehend that a swift tragedy had be
fallen the nation. Then loud cries of
anger burst forth, coupled with the
shrieks of women and screams of
frightened children and the commotion
and the roar of the populace, suddenly
thrown into rage and fear.
Assassins Shot in Flight.
Near the royal carriage a small group
Of silent men had quietly awaited its
approach. Then at a muttered word from
one of them, they swiftly threw back
their cloaks across their shoulders and
raised their carbines, which the cloaks
had concealed, and quickly fired ' again
and again in the direction of the royal
family. Ir seemed as, though a score- of
shots were fired and all in an instant,
and before the startled onlookers could
move the men had turned and were mad
ly fighting their way through the crowd
in an endeavor to reach an open space
and make their escape. '
It was upon this scene that the. multi
tude looked, when quick sounding
shots had - told of violence. The royal
escort instantly .galloped, in the direction
of the assassins and pursued them down
the street, firing repeatedly and bringing
to the earth two of the regicides, rid
dling them with, bullets. The people on
all sides drew back - aa the assassins
dashed away from the carriage, bran
dishing their weapons. , They cleared the
way before them, but a portion of the
crowd followed the soldiers in pursuit
and succeeded in capturing three- of . the
men who had escaped the bullets
Tragic Scene in Carriage.
Meanwhile an unhappy scene was In
progress at the royal carriage, where
King Carlos lay already dead, the Crown
Prince unconscious and breathing his last
and the Infant Manuel with blood stream
ing from his mouth, leaning over the
slain father and his dying brother. The
Queen, who had miraculously escaped
unwounded from the veritable rain of
bullets, was kneeling beside her husband
and son. The excitement in the vicinity
of the: tragedy threatened to become
serious, and the soldiers quickly sur
rounded the carriage, which was driven
to the Marine Arsenal nearby.
The King and Crown Prince were then
tenderly carried Into the building, while
a surgeon, one of the spectators, hastily
did all possible to save their lives, but
his efforts were without avail, for the
King w.as dead and the Prince expired
within a few moments.
. Pursuit of Regicides.
Francisco Figueira, an orderly who was
walking near the royal carriage at the
time of the outrage, drew his revolver
and killed one of the regicides and the
police sprang, at the otlvrs. They turned
rapidly and fled, the police pursuing them
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and killing one of them near the Town
Hall. Both of the bodies were carried into
the Town Hall, but have not yet been
identified. It is believed, however, that
one of the men is a Spaniard and the
other a Frenchman. The weapons that
they used were repeating carbines of five
chambers.
Outward Calm in City.
The Ministers of State held a council
and ordered the most rigorous precautions
throughout the city. On the surface the
city tonight appeared to be calm, the
silence that prevailed being remarkable,
and there was hardly a sgn of life. The
square surrounding the Naval Arsenal,
however, tb Town Hall and the Bank of
Portugal are occupied by troops.
STRUGGLING WITH DICTATOR
Events Leading to Assassination.
Pretender Slay Take Throne.
Carlos L was born September 23,
1S63, the son of King Luiz I., and his
Queen, Maria Pia. He married Marie
Amelie, daughter of Philippe, Due d'Or
leans, on May 22, 1886. He succeeded
to the throne October 19, 1889.'
The Crown Prince, Luiz Philippe,
Due of Braganza, was born March 21,
1887.
While there had been considerable
disruption in political affairs for a
long time, the strained relations be
tween King Carlos and Parliament
were brought to a head only on March
1 last by the dissolution of the cham
bers. State counsellors addressed a
letter to the King protesting against
the state of absolutism which result
from the dissolution, and they declared
that the King and the country had
been placed in a dangerous position.
Establishment of Dictator.
The crisis in the political situation
arose .from the fact that the cabinet,
which represented exclusively the new
liberal group, found its programme of
reform obstructed by both the old 'Con
servative and Progressive parties and
decided to ak for the dissolution of
Parliament in order to bring about the
promulgation of a number of measures
by means of decrees. The cabinet was
of the opinion that, thus having estab
lished its determination radically to
reorganize the affairs of the country,
it could appeal with the fullest con
fidence to the people in a general elec
tion. The opposition attacked the King for
dissolving Parliament, declaring this to
be an unconstitutional step. Senor
Franco, the Premier,, published a de
cree dissolving the chamber and stated
that after seven months of parlia
mentary strife he haji iound it Im
possible to govern with a Parliament
and to carry out his executive and leg
islative programme which included a
policy of social and economic reforms
and efficient party control of the ad
ministration. In this he established a
veritable dictatorship and since then
has governed with an Iron hand.
Plots of Republicans.
Reports emanating from many parts
of. Portugal through Madrid within the
last few months have indicated that
trouble was brewing for Portugal, and
that revolutionists were at work. Aft
er numerous minor risings had been
put down, the police on January 23
came upon a widespread plot to over
throw the monarchy and proclaim Por
tugaf a republic. The plot was organ
ized by a small group of advanced re
publicans and the original intention
was to assassinate Premier Franco" and
depend upon the secret republican and
labor organizations, armed with bombs
and revolvers, to complete the work of
revolution in the country.
' But the police raided the meeting
place of the conspirators and made a
number of arrests, seizing ' quantities
of bombs and other weapons, and since
then other raids- have been made in
Lisbon, with the result that the po
lice believed they had the revolution
aries well in hand. Each day, how
ever, brought new evidences of the
ramifications of the plot to remove the
heads of the state. The treaty with
England, however, not only provides
for assistance from that country In
event of foreign invasion of Portugal,
but is also designed to safeguard the
crown against any demonstrations from
revolutionists.
Don Miguel May Claim Crown.
" Dora Miguel de Braganza, head of the
house of the line of Braganza, which
formerly reigned over Portugal, the
pretender to the throne, is likely to
come to the front again because of the
death of King Carlos and the' Crown
Prince. The father of Dora Miguel
was the late King Miguel I., Duke of
Braganza, who seized the throne from
his niece, Huen Maria II.. daughter of
Emperor Pedro I. of Brazil, and was
King of Portugal from 1828 to 1834, at
which latter date Huen Maria .was re
stored to the throne. There have been
numerous rumors of a rebellion with
the object of placing Dom Miguel on
the throne, but recently these were
not given serious consideration.
Last Juno Dom Miguel, through the
medium of the newspapers of Vienna,
announced his readiness to fill any va
cancy on the Portugal throne arising
from the dispute in that country.
It was long ago stated that the result
of the political crisis in Portugal might
not only determine whether a new and
prin
Ja
World
Derbys
Soft Felts '
Crushers
Buff
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better order of administration would pre
vail, but whether monarchical rule should
not give way to a republican form of
government. The Republicans believed
that Franco, by exposing the practices of
tho monarchist parties, administered a
severe blow to the prestige of the King
and the monarchy from which they could
never recover and had made a republic a
probability.
The Republicans had Franco's avow
al that the country for years had been
the football of the monarchist parties,
with the sole object of distributing
graft to their "clients," the scandal of
the advances made secretly from the
public treasury to the royal family and
an admission of the unnecessary man
ner in which these advances have been
liquidated by decree.
Cannot Keep His Promises.
No one, however, was more severe
In his criticism of the practice of ad
vanced money to the royal family than
Franco himself, and he pledged him
self to make It impossible in the fu
ture for the King to obtain anything
beyond the royal allowance and to in
troduce a system of public accountabil
ity that would defeat the destination
of every dollar that left the treasury.
He kept his promise, but he had also
to pay back debts of the King, which
amounted to a large sum and which
he liquidated by decree.
Premier Franco promised also to hold
the elections at an early date, if the
conditions in the country would permit,
but the recent revolutionary tactics of
the opposition led him within the month
to repressive measures and to set aside,
for the present at least, the idea of hold
ing elections.
His life had been more than : once
threatened and lately he has been com
pelled to sleep in a different house every
n.ight and to go about protected by a
guard.
Previous Attempts to Kill.
In April. 1906, an attempt was made on
King Carlos' life as he was being driven
through Lisbon, but it met with complete
failure. On January 18, 1896, an anarch
ist artist made an attempt on the King's
life while the latter was issuing from the
palace in an open cartage for' a drive.
The anarchist threw a heavy stone, which
narrowly missed the King's head, but hit
the aide-de-camp riding with him, in
juring him severely.
Warned by King Edward. .
On her return from a visit to London
early in December, Queen Amelie took
back a letter to King Carlos from King
Edward, in which . the British King gave
it as his opinion that the dictatorship
injured the crown, and recommended a
return to the constitution.
PORTUGAL AND ITS HISTORY
Limited 'Monarchy Established After
Many Struggles.
Portugal is the Lusitania of the Romans
and forms the western part of the Spanish
peninsula. It . was conquered toy the Ro
mans in the time of. Augustus and by the
Alans and Visigoths in the 5th century.
It shared with Spain the misrule of the
Gothic kings until their monarchy .was
overthrown by the Moors, early in the
8th century.
After four centuries of Moorish rule,
the Castilians reconquered Northern Port
ugal and set over it as Count, Henry the
Younger of Burgundy, a descendant of
the French kings. He continued the con
quest of the country from the Moors and
his son completed the work by the middle
of the 12th century. The independence
of the country was gained in 1143 by the
victory of a picked body of Portuguese
knights over an equal number from Cas
tile in a tournament.
The house of Burgundy ruled the coun
try for 440 years and gave Portugal some
of her greatest kings. At first they were
occupied in struggles against ti.e Moors,
and against Spanish attacks on the na
tion's independence, but by the beginning
of the 14th century King Dlniz was able
to turn attention to agriculture, manufac
7 i!; i
SPRING STYLES
-Renowned Hat
NOW ON DISPLAY
KNOX'
&
311 MORRISON, OPPOSITE POSTOFFIGE
tures, navigation and commerce. In the
15th and early 16th centuries the nation
was devoted to maritime exploration and
colonial conquest. It traced the coast of
Africa, discovered the Cape of Good
Hope and the route to India, established
colonies in Africa, India and the Malay
Islands, discovered and colonized Brazil.
With the extinction of toe Burgnndian
line, in 1580. the country wa-s reconquered
by Philip II of Spain and endured his
tyranny for 60 years. Then John,. Duke
of Braganza. led a revolution, drove out '
tho Spaniards and was proclaimed King
John IV, thus founding the house of Bra- j
ganza. 1 lie independence or me country
was maintained after 1703 by the guaran
tee of Great Britain.
When Napoleon ocenpied the country.
In 1S07. the royal family tied to Brazil,
and after his downfall, popular dissatis
faction with Its absence, led to a revo
lution in favor of constitutional monarchy
and an invitation to the King. John Vf.
to return home, which he did In 1820.
Two years later Brazil revolted and elect
ed John's son, Pedro, Emperor. Tho ab
solutist party again gained control In
1823 apd after John died. In 1826, Emperor
Dom Pedro abdicated as King of Port
ugal in favor of his daughter, Maria, on
condition that she marry her uncle, Dom
Miguel. The latter headed a successful
revolution for unlimited sovereignty and
became King in 1S28, but three years later
Dom Pedro resigned the throne of Bra
zil, returned to Portugal, overthrew Dom
Miguel and in 1833 restored the crown to
Maria. A revolution in 1836 restored the
constitution of 18i0, but another six years
later restored the absolute monarchy. On
the death of Maria, in 1S53. Ferdinand of
Saxe-Coburg, as regent for her son, Pedro
V. again put the government on a con
stitutional basis and it 'has so continued
until the dictatorship of France was es
tablished. The successors of Pedro V
made -many reforms and In 1568 slavery
was abolished in all Portuguese dependen
cies. The present King, Carlos I, ascended
the throne in 1SS9 and a month later saw
the extinction of monarchy in Brazil.
The reign of Carlos has been marked by
many troubles, social, political, colonial
and financial and there was danger of a
rupture with Great Britain on account of
the importation of arms to the Transvaal
through Portuguese East . Africa during
the Boer War.
' The constitution recognizes four powers
the legislative, executive, judicial and
moderating, the last being the royal pre
rogative. The parliament consists of a
Chamber of Peers and a Chamber of Dep
uties. The peers are nominated by the
King and are hereditary, but under a law
of 1885 the 'hereditary peerages are being
gradually abolished. The sovereign also
appoints the president and vice-president
of the Chamber of Deputies. Men over
21 years of age who can read anu write
and pay a little over 50 cents a year .In
taxes. The revenue is about J55.000.000 a
year and has long been exceeded by the
expenses and the National debt is over
WOO.OOO.OW.
HIS LAST DESPOTIC DECREE
King Gave Cabinet Absolute Power
Just Before Assassination.
LISBON, Feb. 1. A decree was gazetted
today giving the cabnet unlimited power
to repress revolutionary agitation in
Portugal. This decree is framed on the
lines of the bill recently introduced in
the Spanish Cortes, but it is more sweep
ing and arbitrary.
It empowers the cabinet to expel from
the kingdom or exile to the colonies
members of all associations- that are
deemed inimical to the state or that are
conducting a campaign against public
security; It suspends parliamentary im
munity and It compares all persons sen
tenced for political agitation to criminals
and deprives them of their civil rights,
titles, decorations, etc. The decree is
retroactive to January 21.
The decree provides that suspects shall
be tried within two days of their arrest.
prm
Silk Hats
Opera Hats
Tuxedo Hats
Pendleton
No appeal from the sentence passed will
bo entertained.
ROOSEVELT VOICES SORROW
American Minister Cables Official
News of Aa'sasslnation.
WASHINGTON", Feb. 1. -Official news
of the assassination of King Carlos and
tho Crown Prince of Portugal, was re
ceived here late tonight through a cable
gram from Minister Bryan at Lisbon,
whivh conveyed the simple announcement
of the commission of the crime. Presi
dent Roosevelt was at once notified by
Acting Secretary of Ktatc Bacon and ex
pressed his deep sorrow. He tomorrow
will send his formal expressions of grief
to the royal family.
Government officials and members of
the diplomatic corps were shocked at the
news, and on every hand were heard
words of sorrow over the tragic ending ol
Portugal's monarch and heir of the
throne.
Italy Sends Condolence.
ROME, Feb. 1. The news of the assas
sination of King Carlos and the Crown
Prince of Portugal, at -Lisbon, created a
tremendous sensation In Rome, both al
the Quirinal and the Vatican. King Vic
tor Emmanuel at once telegraphed to the
Queen of Portugal, who Is his consin,
his most profound sorrow and expressed
his warmest sympathy.
TO WIND JP QUICKLY
A Four Per Cent Extra Discount or
What's Left.
Only eighteen instruments altogether
remain of nearly 125 more or less used
pianos and organs which were offered
so greatly under price at the com
mencement of this sale.
We art determined to dispose of
each one of the remaining instruments,
even though it is necessary to extend
the sale for two or three days longer.
Since the assortment is not so com
plete as heretofore, we are going to
make an extra inducement, a discount
of four per cent on special sale price
of any of these instruments.
A superb llallet Ac Davis remains: we
will take one-third Its original value.
A magnificent mahogtiny colonial
style Kimball, the $:7.' style, now Sit.TS.
A Decker piano, cost $500 when new,
now $210.
A Steinway piano, like new; usual
price $45j to $500. now $21-x.
We will take $15 or $20 cash and $10
a month.
A New England piano, $105.
A Conovif upright. $110, and" a
Kranfch i Bach upright, $9(.
A superb Stock square, $75.
A magnificent Lindeman. $54.
A Gardner piano, good tone, $12, and.
think of It, a Pearson square piano, a
rattling good one, in playable shape,
$18.
All of tiiese last named pianos may
be obtained for $5 or $ cash and $:!
or $4 monthly, if you like.
An Angelus for $110.
A Cecllian for $100, and a genuine
Pianola for $162, all accompanied with
plenty of music rolls.
These can be had for $6 or $S a
month, and will surelv solve the "silent
piano" problem in your home.
ORGANS, TOO.
A good little Bridgeport organ goes
for $28.50.
A flue quarter-sawed $125 style Kim
ball goes for $54.
Then there is a beautiful little self
playing organ, a lot of music rolls go
with it we t hall close this out at $68.
$6 down and $3 a month buys an
organ.
Any of these used pianos and organs
and piano players may be returned to
us at any time within two years and
full price paid -will be allowed toward
purchase of any new instrument de
sired. Remember the above prices are sub
ject to four per cent if you make votir
selection within the next three iiav.
Filers Piano House, 351 Washington
street. ,