THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, DECEMBER 15, 1907.
11
"Oil, a word is a gem, or a stone, or a song,
Or a flame, or a two-edged sword;
Or a rose in bloom, or a sweet perfume,
b Or a drop of gall, is a word.
THE
shuttlx
4
FRANCES HODGSON
BURNETT.
Jay Cooke: Financier of the Civil War, by
Gills Pucton OberholWAr, Ph. D. U voli
$7. SO. Illuatrated. Caorce V. Jacobs A
Co., Philadelphia.
By its wealth of historical material con
cerning the Civil war period and the ex
tension of the Northern Pacific Railroad
to the Paclflo Coaat; Its pen portraits of
the (treat men of National reputation dur
iiij? the stormy days of '61 to "65, aye, and
even after that; Its calm review of finan
cial conditions; and its word-monument
of Jay Cooke, the doughty Philadelphia
banker who was probably the first of
America's great money kings those two
volumes stand pre-eminent among the
books of the year. The price charged for
the books Is not exorbitant, when one con
siders the great amount of material pre-
rented and reflecting National issues so
much so that one reading of the pases
by an alert young man represents quite
an era In his business education. Ameri
can librarians should see to It that this
'Important contribution to current .itera
ture Is represented on their sheives it
shouldn't bo passed by.
Jay Cooke was born August 10, 1821, In
what was Portland and later Sandus..y
City, In the wilds of Ohio, and he died in
February, 1906. But what an endless
chain of events was crowded Into that
spaco of time! Imagination falls to grasp
Its achievements. We younger Americans
have been accustomed to acclaim Lincoln
and Grant as the two chief saviors of this
country's integrity during the Civil ar,
but after reading these volumes, a third
name must be added that of Jay Cooke,
making a veritable trinity of heroes. The
Cooke light is made to shine with sur
prising brilliance, throughout the whole
1"4S pages, while the many pictures of
Jay Cooke and his several homes add
mure inun a local interest.
It is refreshing to note that Cooke was I
such an accomplished letter writer, man
of business, and lover of hard work. His
day was before the typewriting machine
had revolutionised the art of business correspondence,-
and it Is Instructive to close
ly examine the facsimiles of his bold, eas
ily read handwriting. His patriotism
glows with astonishing fervor, and while
his biographer admits that as a business
man Cooke didn't work for nothing in
soiling Government securities to carry on
the Civil War. yet Cooke took tremendous
risks and he docs not appear at this dis
tance of time to be the basilisk and evil
genius of finance pictured by his fierce
critics, the most active of whom was
the late George W. Childs. the editor of
the Philadelphia Ledger newspaper.
Cooke's uniform cheerfulness and self
rontalnedness were proverbial. Here is
one word picture of him as a money-handler
in his early days:
To the writer as a boy. Ja- 4'ooke was
a revelation. Nver before had he seen
one so deft In the business of handling
money, not yet since and he has seen
ihroutrh life almoat countless handlers of
money. Jay Cooke surpassed them all.
With lightning; rapidity, the notes passed
l)iroi(th his delicate Angers. There was
nothing mechanical about It. There was
no hesitancy, no pause apparently, no
thuuiM. or mental eft)ort. it was as a
smoothly tlowlns stream of noiseless water,
so equally and uninterruptedly did tha
operation of counting go on. There was no
counting over; one count was sufficient;
and It was so easily and gracefully done.
As he counted, he could talk also. He both
a'ked and answered questloas, brledly of
course, but the like I had never seen and
It astonished me.
Although he afterward had occasion ti
change his opinion, Cooke once had an
unfavorable estimate of newspaper men
the time he was connected with 13. W.
t lark & Co.'s bank. In these callow days
he wrote: "I see daily In Philadelphia tha
whole editorial corps, a. needy, half
starved. Improvident set, always short,
no credit, out at elbows, broken down in
almost every particular. All except Swain
and McMlchael are beggars."
January 1, 1861. the celebrated banking
firm of Jay Cooke & Co. was organized,
the members being Mr. Cooke and his
brother-in-law William G. Moorehead.
Then came the Civil War. and it seemed
as if Cooks had been specially propared
for the emergency, and into the breach he
stepped like a patriot to largely supply
the needed millions, from first to last.
His faith in the ultimate success of ti.e
North never faltered, and he raised loans
not only In this country but In Europe.
For instance, he induced Thomas Nelson,
the Scotch publisher, to Invest J50u,ooo in
war bonds.
Opposite page 623, Vol. I., is a facsimile
of the last check of J. Wilkes Booth on
Jay Cooke & Co., at Washington, D. c
for ,25. '
In May, 1S69, Cooke sent out his special
corps of experts to report upon the teas
Ibillty of his great Northern Pacific .vall
road project, and Thomas H. Canfleid
conducted the expedition from San Fran
cisco to this city:
Thoy went much of" the way In states
wairons, through wheat and fruit lands,
admiring the soli, the climate and the vari
ous products of a favored country. The
party came to Portland in the midst of the
Fourth of July ceremonies. They were
warmly received by the best citizens of
Oregon and assembled In the city. George
Francis Train was "the orator of the day."
C'anfleld and Kfcberts were assigned to seats
on the grand stand. Upon concluding his
speech. Train referred to them and they
were both called out by the crowd. "Had
any one told mo a month ago when I was
tn Portland. Me.," wrote Hoherts to Mr.
'Tooke, "that I would be making a speech
o several thousands of people on the
fourth of July In Portland, Or., I would
Hove thought him demented." ... On
he return trip to Portland, a portion of
he way was covered In a canoe propelled
Hy Indians, the party of six being increased
y Senator Corbett . and George Francis
Train and his secretary.
On page 16S. Vol. II, particulars are
given concerning the payment of money to
boom the Northern Pacific Railroad proj
ect, to the Philadelphia Press, and the
Washington (D. C.) Chronicle, John W.
Forney receiving "J4666.68 for the support
of both newspapers." General Horace
Porter, President Grant's private sec
You may hammer away on the anvil of thought,
And fashion your word with care,
But unless you are stirred to the depths, that word
Shall die on the empty air." -Selected.
ft."'
4
fi?
fcj
retary, is stated to hs.ve accepted a simi
lar offer "with alacrity."
On pages 548-0 particulars are furnished
of the sale of a three-quarters interest in
the Oregon steam Navigation Company
to the Northern Pacific Railroad, for
ti, 300,000 of which 76O,O0O was paid in
Northern Pacific bonds, $250,000 in earn
ings on the three-fourths share, while the
remaining toOO.OOO Involved cash transfers.
Jay Cooke closed the deal in New York.
In rapid succession are pictured the
panic of '73. the Jay Cooke failure, his
subsequent rehabilitation as a great finan
cier, his visit to this city and the closing
acts of a busy life. He ultimately be
came a f Isherman, and wore a broad
brimmed, light gray, soft felt hat over
his gentle face which was adorned by a
long white beard.
"None of your derbies for me," once
said Cooke, on a fishing trip, "you can't
stick fish-hooks In the brim."
Arizona. Nights, by Stewart Edward White.
Illustrated. The McClur, Company, New
Tork City and the J: K. Gill Company,
Portland
"Called him and shot htm in the
stomach!"
So says the Captain explaining the
lurid frontispiece, where one be-spurred
and red-handkerchlef-on-neck Westerner
is pictured shooting another. It's a fair
sample of the bang! of the book. But
the stories are so well told that they
make the quietest pulse heat faster and
stir up the pagan that exists In all of
us. No 'mtlk-and-water tales are they.
American to the bone.
. Many of the yarns told are complete
in themselves, and stand out clearly.
Cowboys. Indians and other children of
the Arizona desert are vividly pictured,
and notable among the pages are those
devoted to descriptions of corral-branding.
A rude but healthy humor Is apparent.
Foolish and unnecessary glamor - often
exists about what Is called the "charm"
of desert life. . Read this candid descrip
tion In "Arizona Nights":
Before him lay the desert, but a desert
suddenly and mlracuously changed, a des
ert he had never seen before. Mile after mile
it sn-ept away before him. hot. dry. suffo
cating, lifeless. The sparse vegetation was
gray with the alkali dust. The heat hunk
choking in the air like a curtain. A rattle
snake dragged Its loathsome length from
under a mesqulte. The dried carcass of a
steer whose parchment skin drew tight
across its bones, rattled in the breexe. Hera
and there rock rldgea showed with the ob
scurity of so many skeletons, expostng to
the hard, cruel sky the earth's nakedness.
Thirst, delirium, death, hovered paipable In
the wind; dreadful, unconquerable, ghastly.
The desert showed her teeth and lay in
wait like a fierce beast.
Tbe Boy Electrician Illustrated. By Edwin
J. Houston, J. B. Ltppincott Co., Phila
delphia. Edwin J. Houston, Ph. D.. of Princeton
University, has hod an experience of
more than a quarter of a century in
school rooms In actual teaching of the
natural sciences. So he knows what he is
talking about, and writes so sensibly yet
so Interestingly that he is sure of a wide
audience, especially among , active,
healthy boys.
In the present novel Dr. Houston gives
the delightful experience of two Phila
delphia grammar school boys, who in
addition to their fondness for baseball,
swimming, and other athletic exercises
so common and natural to every day,
growing boys possessed A marked lik
ing for the natural sciences. These boys
did not -pcriiiit their marked scientific
powers to Ho dormant, but they fitted up
a laboratory, experimented with magnet
ism and electricity, took photographs of
lightning flashes, repeated Franklin's ex
periment 'of drawing electricity from the
clouds, constructed a private telegraph
line, etc. And what fun these two boys
had! What they did to improve their
leisure time and make themselves useful
members of society not "dude" society,
but the real thing can easily be depli
cated by other boys who try hard
enough.
What a pity this good book for youth
could not be placed into the grimy hands
of every street-corner gang of boys, and
a law passed to make them read it I
Cigarette-users and poolroom-loungers
who are rapidly being made Into hard
ened, young criminals through "tough"
associations, might be saved through ad
vice given in these printed pages.
Dny OA. By Henry Van Dyke. Illustrated.
1.50. Charles Scrlbner's Sons, New York
City.
Twelve pleasant discursive essays just
as a man would speak them with his
eyes closed, at peace with all mankind,
and under the influence of a good cigar
at the close of a busy day.
A holiday spirit is, apparent, includ
ing country excursions in this country.
Canada, and England; Ashing, shooting
and philosophizing. Several of the more
enjoyable essays are thoughtful talks
between the author and an elderly per
son known as his Uncle Peter. The bof k
Is dedicated to the author's "friend and
neighbor Grover Cleveland, whose years
of great work as a statesman have been
cherished by days of. good play as a
fisherman."
The most enjoyable story in the collec
tion is "Silverhorns," about the pursuit
of a giant moose in New Brunswick.
He had successfully evaded hunters
armed with up-to-date guns, but his
doom came when he calmly stood on a
railway track and defied an advancing
train:
Losh!" cried McLeod: "he's gaun' to fecht
us!" and he dropped the cord, grabbed the
levers, and threw the steam off and the
brakes on hard. The heavy train sltd groan
ing and jarring along tha track. The moose
never stirred. The Are smouldered in his
small, narrow eyes. His black crest was
bristling. As the engine bore down upon
him. not a rod away, he reared high in the
air. his antlers flashing In the blaze, and
struck full at the headlight with his Im
Ill k
4 .
X. ' itV
i i
-jpif If vl
Pl1 J hi
Kit "4
- wtaiAi -f'Tsi
. II! I
zlv' ranoBV orwv tTwrv
mense fore feet. There was a shattering of
glass, a crash, a heavy shock, and the
train slid on. through the darkness, lit only
by the moon. The moose was lying In the
ditch boslda the track, stone dead and
frightfully shattered. But the great head
and tbe vast,' spreading antlers were iatact.
Northwestern Fights and Fighters, by Cyrus
Townsend Beady. Illustrated $1-00. The
McClure Company, New York City.
For Western- people, and especially
those of Oregon, this well-written and
handBomely-illustrated volume of 373
pages has peculiar attraction. It tells
so much of, the winning; and keeping
of the Far West, in comparatively
modern times, 1876 to 1900, that the
reading of such a book is at once an
education and a duty.
The periods treated of are the Nez
Perce and Modoc Wars, the latter be
ing waged in the Winter of 1872-1873
in the lava beds of Oregon, when BO
Indians under the leadership of Kient
poos held their ground against- regular
soldiers witn such success that the In
dians were not captured until treach
ery played a part.
Mistakes in the management and
working detail of the military opera
tions are freely pointed out, while the
descriptions of the fights are thrilling,
making the reader glad that he now
lives in a more peaceful Oregon.
The battles are described by the offi
cers who engaged in them, and among:
the papers are noticed those' by Major
General O. O. Howard, Colonel James
Jackson and Colonel J. W. Redlngton,
the second of these writers being a
resident of this city.
The Natural History of the Ten Command
ments. -By Ernest Thompson fcieton. &0
cents. Charles Scrlbner's Sons, New Tork
City.
At, the outset, Mr. Seton displays the
Ten Commandments which by the way
Wall street recently discovered and
shows that they materially apply to tha
animal world. Instances are given where
animals respect rights of property In ma
terials and places, where certain rules of
marriage invariably govern them, etc.
The opinion is expressed that while man
is concerned with all the commandments,
that animals need only concern them
selves with the last six.
Stories said to be true are told of
weaker animals, while being pursued by
stronger rivals, ruining to human beings
for protection; and from this Mr. Scton
deduces:
When animals are in terrible trouble,
when they are face to face with despair
and death, thence Is then revealed in them
an instinct, deep-laid, and deeper laid as
the animal is higher which prompts them
In their extremity to throw themselves on
the mercy of some other power, not know
ing Indeed whether It be friendly or not,
but very sure that It is supelor. ., ,
A splendid treatise on humane philos
ophy one which ought to be read as part
of a necessary education.
The Suburban Whirl, by Mary Stew-Rrt Cut
ting. Illustrated. The McClure Company,
New York City.
B:tter than any other American writer,
Mrs. Cutting has caught the real home
atmosphere of happy, married life in the
stories she sends out, and the housewife
who is so fortunate as to come in her
leisure moments under so potent a spell,
is blessed. -
Mrs. Cutting's husbands and wives of
fancy really exist in the big world, and
are human enough to have lovable
faults. They arc all people who work
for their own living, and not one is a
tiresome Pittsburg millionaire. The hus
bands have a salaried position in the
city, the wives are old-fashioned enough
to do the moat of their own housekeep
ing; there are babies, and pretty unpre
tentious suburban homes wltsi plenty of
love and comfort In them and Mrs. Cut
ting's picture is complete. This book
contains these four stories: "The Sub
urban Whirl," "The Measure," "On the
Ridge." and "Mrs. Tremley."
Bachelors and old maids who love
boarding-houses and hate children are
warned away. Married folks, please take
notice.
Tbe Romance of an Old-Tirae Shipmaster.
by Ralph D. Paine. $1.25. The Outing Pub
lishing Company, New York City.
Turbine engines and steel hulls were
only dreamt of by poets and enthusiasts
from 17P6 to 1S13, the days when Captain
John Willard Russell, mariner, of Bris
tol, R. I., sailed the seas, one of his voy
ages being as a slaver.
Mr. Paine says that he has dug from
the depths of an old sea chest, the letters
and sea-journals of this Captain Russell
and has fashioned thara into a book. Be
this as it may for sometimes Mr. i'ayne
is an able romancer the letters have the
twang of the salt water about them and
the real swell of the tide. Best of all
they read well, and breathe a tenderness
and piety that one rarely meets with in
yarns of the sea. Captain Russell's love
letters to Nancy Smith are exquisite and
show that he' was a pious, good man. His
life was a short but busy one, for he
died in his 44th year.
The Angel of Forgiveness, by Rosa Nou
chette Carey. J. B. Llpplnoott A Co.,
Phlladalphla.
A placid English, domestic story written
in Miss Carey's wholesome style, and
specially suited for young girls. The
early experiences are given of Githe Dar
nell, school girl, fiancee, and wife. Episco
pal church and home atmospheres are
skillfully mirrored.
A Rose of the Old Regime. By Folger Mc
Klnsey. Doxey Book Shop Company, Bal
timore, Md.
How often has it been remarked that we
Americans are too busily engaged in busi
ness pursuits and especially in makings
money, to dabble In verse making for the
glory of American poetry. But there are
some of us who make the venture, and
one of the foremost knights in the tour
nament is Mr. McKlnsey, who is better
known in Eastern cities as "The Bents
town Bard." . .
The McKlnsey poetry is essentially hu
man and sings of the horns. It is not up
roariously funny nor an. undertaker's de
light. It reaches a happy medium and
dompels an audience because of native
worth. The poems really form e.n Impor
tant contribution to American verse, in
their honest homespun. They are selected
from poems written for an editorial page
department of the Baltimore Sun news
papet. .
Dainty - humor is sometimes apparent.
For Instance, in "Stick Candy Days":
I want to go back to the stlck-oandy days.
Before they made bonbons of choc' late and
glaze;
I want to go back to the dear little shop
Where the little old lady sold ginger.-beer
pop, .
And made little cookies with raisins that
went
Like lightning because they were two for
. a cent !
Some Neglected Aspects of War. By Cap
tain A. T. Mahan. Price, 11.50. Little,
Brown & Co.. Boston.
Captain Mahan's chief fame as a I1t
eratus lies 4n the fact that he once wrote
that tremendous success, "The Influence
of Sea Power Upon History," and ever
since the name of Mahan. has been a
shining star when placed on a book or In
a magazine.
In this hook Captain Mahan presents
four arguments for necessary war, dem
onstrating the righteous part it has often
played in modern civilization, and show
ing that at least under present conditions'
the futility of replacing It by any other
agency. - His arguments are intellectual
and are of the usual able Mahan order of
things, but it is as well to bear in mind
that they have already appeared as mag
azine articles. To these Mahan articles
have been, added, strange to say,
two outside contributions. "The Pow
er That Makes for Peace." py Henry S.
Prichett. formerly president of the Mas
sachusetts' Institute of Technology, and
a discursion on "The Capture of Private
Property at Sea," by Julian Corbett, a
well-known English authority . on naval
subjects.
The price of $1.50 seems excessive, for
value received.
Maglo Casements. Edited by Kate Douglas
Wiggln and Nora Archibald Smith. The
McClure company. New York City.
The first fairy book for children Issued
by these authors met with such a hearty
response that this, the second of the se
ries has Just left the printers. A wealth
of new stories has been discovered since,
those In "The Fairy Ring," were selected,
and the new gems add lustre to the older
Jewel.
The volume can't be recommended be
cause of its wealth of illustration It is
rather severely plain, Its clief . attrac
tion rather being simplicity, and stories,
stories' from Scandinavian. French, Ger
man, " English, Russian. Hungarian,
South African, Japanese, North American
Indian, Roumanian, Neapolitan and Hin
du sources. The book has been called
"Magic -Casements," because of the fam
ous line of John Keats: "Magic case
ments opening on the foam of perilous
seas In faery lands forlorn." Happy are
the child owners of such story treasures.
Men Who Sell Things. By Walter D. Moody.
A. C. McClurg & Co., Chicago,
Did you ever try to sell goods on the
road? The writer has. and knows how
difficult it is. A true salesman is born,
or he eo everlastingly trains himself to
sell goods that he approaches high-water
mark with his number one rival. It Is
also admitted that no book alone will
ever make a salesman, but good advice
will greatly help him and that is what
Is contained in this book.
' Mr. Moody has had more than 20 years'
experience as traveling salesman. Eu
ropean buyer, sales manager and em
ployer, i His many adventures are un
usually Interesting from a business point
of view. May they' give inspiration to all
young, temporarily discouraged salesmen!
Words of Liberty, by Myra Kelly. Illus
trated. The McClure Company. New York
City and the J. K. Gill Company, Port
land. Myra Kelly has achieved interna
tional recognition for the fidelity with
which she has pictured types of every
day life among Hebrew school children
in the East Side of New York City, and
the present book contains eight crisp,
enjoyable stories of the kind Indicated.
They possess marked human interest.
Just the sort to attract the attention of
helpful, educated people and hold it.
The style is refreshingly natural, so
much so that it would seem .that Miss
Kelly were actually present giving a
friendly talk.
Early American Humorists. Small, May
nard & Co., Boston.
Two dainty little volumes which can be
conveniently knpt in one's coat pocket
without ' their presence being discovered.
Crisp selections, told In clear type, are
given from the. best writings of Wash
ington Irving. William Austin, W. T.
Thompson. Fredorio 9. Cozzins, Artemus
Ward, Petroleum V. Nasby, The Dan
bury Newsman, Josh Billings, Widow
Bedott, N. P. Willis and others. In short
such readings are presented, In compact
form that might otherwise repose in the
dust of some forgotten garret, valuable
American readings of which the present
generation is strangely ignorant.
Character Portraits From Dickens. Selected
by Charles Welsh. Small. Maynard A Co..
. Boston.
Young people, those who are Just enter
ing into a knowledge-of the larger world
of books, complain that the one obstacle
to their becoming better acquainted with
Dickens is because ' he has written so
voluminously. This little volume will
help them to really know their Dickens.
Over 150 word portraits from Dickens are
given, selected from 1500 characters por
trayed by hlm.v Prefaced to each por
trait Is a brief note indicating the place
the individual occupies in the story from
which the portrait ,1s taken.
Life's Ideals. By Rev. William Dickie. D.
L) Jennings & Graham, Cincinnati.
Dr. Dickie is minister of - Dowanhill
United Free Church, Glasgow, Scotland,
and is the author of many admirable
books of advice concerning the ethics of
Christian and social living. The ten chap
ters in this book of 247 pages are equally
addressed to young men and to those
farther along the Journey of life who have
not yet lost their high Ideals. The best
chapters for lessons concerning the
formation of character are those on "The
Ethics of Work" " and "The Love of
Books."
Practical Farming, by W. F. Maasey. $1.S0.
The Outing Publishing Company, New
York City. . ." t
Books on agriculture are many, hut
there Is always room for one more, espe
cially when such a practical farmer as
Mr. Massey writes on scientific farming.
He has not only written for scientists, but
tillers of the soil and has stated his mes
sage in so simple and natural a manner
that he will have no danger in being mis
understood. Mr. Massey, who comes
from Philadelphia, has a book of S23
pages. '
J. M. QUENTIN.
IN LIBRARY AND WORKSHOP.
It is of Miss Gale's new book that the
story Is told that a little girl to whom one
of Its chapters had been read, described ft
as "a lovely book" the name of It Is "Billy
S. and the Terror." Miss Gale's readers
usually know It as "The Loves of Pelleaa
and Etarre."
The title of Owen Wister's book. "The
Seven Ages . of Washington." promises
marked originality In the treatment of this
subject. Mr. Wlster- has aimed to sum
up comprehensively ' the qualities that made
Washington what ha was, and to trace
his influence on the institutions of this
country. '
i
Miss Margaret Lynn, assistant professor
of English in the University of Kansas, has
edited a volume of representative English
poems of the 18th century which is to be
published under tha title "Specimens of
Eighteenth Century Verse." The volume
U well furnished with notes and other helps
for classroom work.
C Lawrence Gomme's "Governance of
London," Is a study of the various Influences
which account for the unique position oc
cupied by London. It deals with many
phases of the history of London as a Roman.
Anglo-Saxon and charter city, and will sug
gest a "line of Inquiry which has hitherto
been neglected ,by historians.
Mary Caroline Crawford's new book, "Old
New England Inns." just Issued by L. C
Page A Co.. baa a wealth of Illustrations,
and shows that in the past quite' a number
of Important historical occurrences In this
country had their being in inns or hotels
along tha Atlantic sea. coast Inns possess
ing convenient rooms somewhat akin to
modern high-class saloons,
Professor John Bates Clark's "Essentials
of Economic Theory." which is to be pub
lished shortly, deals with what he has
called "Economic Dynamlca." The changes
through which Industrial society is passing,
and tho evolution in the wants of the indi
vidual consumer whom industry has to
serve, are here treated rather than those
so-called "natural" laws which were tha
themes of the older economists.
These books were received through the
courtesy of the J. K. Gill Co.: "Tha Boy
Electrician," "The Royal Foes," The Free
Lances." "Kilo," . "John O' Jamestown,"
"Great Writers," "The Suburban Whirl,"
"Northwestern Fights and Fighters," "The
Angel of Forgiveness," "Jack, the Young
Trapper," "The Natural History of the Ten
Commandments," "Words of Liberty,"'
"Father and Son" and "Days Off."
The third annual edition for 1908 of the
"Planetary Daily Guide." issued by the
Portland School of Astrology, 608 Fourth
street, has been received. It la worth study
as an open sesame to a peculiarly fascinat
ing subject a method by -which believers
may learn to what particular planetary In
fluence they are in sympathy. The little
book is worth while, whether or not one be
lieves In astrology. ,
' '
The laureate of green fields and running
brooks, James Whitcomb Riley, has written
a long poem entitled "Boys of the Old
Glee Club." which will soon be Issued. It
Is written in the famous Riley dialect, and
presents such village characters as the title
suggests shoemakers, storekeepers, farm
ers, whose gift for song used to thrill the
"gathering" at "sociables, G. A. R.'s, cam
paign meetln's," and tha ilka.
'A note has been issued by the publishers
of Hallle Ermlnie Rivers' novel. "Satan
Sanderson." In which it is stated that the
City- of Anlston, mentioned in Its pages. Is
presumably Portland. Or., whose citizens
will no doubt recognize the lonely white
house in the. aspens, the wide square with
the courthouse facing it, and on- another
side the chapel on whose communion table
the Rev. Henry Sanderson played hla game
of poken for Hugh Stlres' soul." Some one's
Imagination will work overtime to see all
this. Do you?
When "Dodo" appeared some 14 years ago
It was greeted with consternation and de
light. It was so unlike anything to be ex
pected from the son of an archbishop. But
a good deal of water has flowed under the
bridges since then, and E. F. Benson has
taken his place among the serious novelists
of England. His new book, "Sheaves," Just
published. Is a full-grown novel which paints
real people in real and serious situations,
and takes firm hold, of the sympathies of its
readers. It will mark an important stage in
the evolution of a novelist.
The little volume, enttlled "Pupil Self
Government," by Bernard Cronson, gives
an account of one of the most interesting
pedagogical experiments of recent years.
Within a brief compass, the author has
given a lucid exposition of his theory, a
description of the conditions which must
precede and foster It, and a history of
the movement, as put In practice in public
schools fi9 and 125 in tbe City of New
York. The Illustrations are from photo
graphs of tbe various' disciplinary and other
organizations of the pupils of School US.
Professor M. V. O'Shea, of the University
of Wisconsin, has dealt wjth the resulu
of a series of experiments relating to the
teaching of language In his "Linguistic
Development end Education." On the ex
perimental side, this book relates a series
of careful observations of ''a child from the
beginning of expressive activity, the
'observations having afterward ( been
extended to other children. The ' book
also Includes the organization of the mate
rial gained by observation and Its Inter
pretation from the standpoint of contem
porary educational and developmental psy
chology.
A new work on the writers of the Jowlsh
faith has Just appeared, written by Profes
sor Israel Abrahams, of the University of
Cambridge, which is called "Short History
of Jewish Literature, From the Fall of tha
Temple 70 A. D.. to the .Era of Emancipa
tion, 1780 A. D-"' It Is a concise manual on
a much neglected section of Jewish litera
ture, serving both as a work for general
reading and as a text-book for elementary
study. The author, a high authority in this
branch of learning, has covered succinctly
the 17 centuries reviewed, and has imparted
color and vividness to hls'pages by selecting
prominent personalities round which to
group a whole cycle of facts.
. In "Tbe Awakening of a Race," George E.
Boxall traces briefly the tendencies of
thought In civilized countries at the present
time with a view to estimating the probable
trend of events In the near future. He notes
the decay of Ideals in this and in other
civilized lands, and prophesies a new de
velopment of the religious Idea Man. ha
says, always has had and always must have
a religion as a guide to conduct, and the
lesson we learn from the past Is that a new
religion grows 'gradually out of an older
one as man's knowledge Increases. Accord
ing to him Christianity has about reached
Ha ultimata capacity for division, and, as
"a house divided against itself cannot
stand," a new development In religion, based
on a scientific view of the world. Is abso
hiiely necessary.
.
One thousand dollars for a new story by
a new writer Is the prize offered by tha Out
ing Publishing Company. to encourage story
tellers, who believe they could write a novel
worth, while If they onry had the chance.
No such offer as this has ever probably been
made In this country. It was inspired by the
convlclon on the part of the Outing Pub
lishing Company that many men and women
have It "In them" to tell a big story If a .
special opportunity Is given to them alone.
Manuscripts to be considered should be sent
to the Outing Publishing Company, Book
Department, Deposit, N. Y., before May 8.
1008. Should a story not win the prize, the
"publishers still reserve the right to purchase
It at terms to be agreed upon. The only
condition of competition is that the writer
shall never before have had published a
novel of standard length.
-
One of tha most characteristically eo
centrlc things ever done by Gelett Burgess
was to spend three or four days in con
structing of cardboard, mica and green
velvet a little model of an old New Eng
land house, complete to windows, cur
tains, lawn, garden, trees, and even in
cluding a hammock with a tiny hat and
Summer novel, and washing stretched out
on a clothes-line on the back stoop. This
was for a dinner given to several literary
friends in New York, and, when the coffee
was served, he deliberately set fire to tha
whole farm. His explanation was that,
had it been spared, his guests might have
forgotten the affair, but they would alwaya
remember the destruction of the house.
There was considerable practical if subtle
psychology In this reasoning. No one who
ever saw that little house go up In smoke
cn its little hill of damp moss will aver
forget it.
NEW BOOKS RECEIVED.
"The Royal Foes," by Eva Madden, $1.25;
The Free Lances," by Captain Jack Brand;
"Kilo.' by Ellis Parker Butler; "John O'
Jamestown," by Vaugnan K ester (McClure
Company).
"Jack, the Young Trappers," by Bird
Grinnell, Z1.25 (Stokes Company).
BATTLESHIPS
Continued From Page 3.
only, captain of a fleet who ever served
as apprentice. At one time he com
manded the Dolphin, one of the so-called
Presidential yachts, and he was on duty
in the office of the Assistant Secretary
of the Navy when he was assigned to
the Kansas. -
Captain William P. Potter, of the Ver
mont, was advanced Ave numbers for his
services in the war with Spain. He was
a member of the Maine court of inquiry
in l&s, and during the war was executive
officer of the armored cruiser New York.
Before going to the Vermont he was as-
People's Welfare Highest Law
Modern Socialism Is Purely an Economic Question
With No Political or Religious Features.
BT L. L NOEL.
IN his letter to The Oregonlan Father
Gregory, believing his arguments to
have proven the absurdity of Social
Ism, decides not to respond any more to
the replies that will probably be made.
Nevertheless, I shall try to show In
this letter that his arguments are not
so strong as he believes, being the same
obsolete ones that have for years been
produced against It.
The first great misleading mistake lies
In the assertion thfct socialism "wishes,"
and so forth.
Father Gregory, although affirming that .
he bases his argumentation on scientific
socialists, yet by the way he interprets
phrases chosen at random from the
works of the same, proves that he still
confounds modern scientific socialism
with the same petty schemes a la Four
ier, More, Campanells, But, modern so
cialism does not, so to say, wish any
thing. It is from the study of modern
society that socialism draws its con
clusions. Socialism, as defined by a well-known'
European socialist, Is the science that
teaches us why, how and by what means
modern society evolves to a social organ
ization based on collective ownership of
the means of production.
Not until one refutes the premises on
which socialism bases its conclusions is
one able to attack these conclusions.
What are these premises?
The mode of production and distribu
tion of riches Is the basis of every so
ciety, which determines the character of
the social, political or Intellectual super
structure. That, whenever a contradiction be
tween the mode of production and dis
tribution and the social superstructure
takes place, the social superstructure
becoming too tight for the method of
production, the former is, so to say, torn
to pieces and another one corresponding-to
the new state of the mode of pro
duction substitutes it.
And further on, that the system of
private property engenders a social or
ganization characterized by the existence
of two economic groups with different in
terests. That, the history of mankind
has been the history of a struggle be
tween these two classes.
That all the changes that have taken
place in the past, the passage from
slavery to feudalism and from feudalism
to capitalism, were due to that necessity
of the social organism to adjust itself
after the changes of the mode of produce
tlon.
That today the crisis and other facts
prove the existence of a contradiction
between the present social system and
the mode of production, consisting in the
fact that whereas production is collect
ive, appropriation or possession is pri
vate. That only in the harmonizing of this
contradiction by the substitution of col
lective ownership to the private one,
lies the remedy.
And that it is upon the expropriated
proletariat that history Imposes the duty
of doing it; the duty of the socialist
party being thus to organize and prepare
the proletariat for the revolution by
which this change will be effected. Has
Father Gregory disproved the truth of
these premises?
Does he deny the fact that modern so
ciety is based on a diversity of interest
between the laboring class and capital
ist class? If so. let us recall some of
our algebra. Suppose the number 10
represents the amount of production to
be shared by the extant social groups, L
e., landowners (rent): capitalist (profits)
and workingmen (wages). Suppose again
the amount of wages is represented by 2.
The' equation will be 10 minus 2 equals
i plus 4. If the wages increase, instead
of 2 being 4, the equation will now be
111 minus 4 equals 3 plus 3. Rent and
profits must decrease, otherwise there is
no equation. Is Father Gregory able to
prqve the contrary to be true?
If the above named premises are true,
and I believe they are, until the contrary
Is proven, the conclusion is that a revo
lution must operate the change. But
Father Gregory does not like revolution.
Revolution for the reverend gentleman
signifies bombs, killing of men, etc, and
this hurts his Christian feelings. .
And yet it has been time and again
said that the word revolution applies to
the end of socialism and not to the
means used. Father Gregory knows that
in the clerical troubles in France in IPOS,
the good and faithful French Catholics
sistant chief of the BureHU of Naviga
tion. He is 57. Captain W. H. H. South
erland of the New Jersey was senior
naval officer in Dominican waters when
the United States a couple of years ago
established a fiscal protectorate . over
Panto Domingo. He commanded the
steamer Eagle in the war with Spain and
was with her off the Coast of Cuba..
Captain Ten Eyck D. W. Veeder, of the
Alabama, is another of the fleet's big
men who are so little known that they
Bre not even mentioned In "Who's Who
in America," The most exciting incident
In his life occurred when the Ashouelot,
on which he was serving, was wrecked in
the Formosa channel In the 'Ms. Like
several of his fellow captains., he played
a minor part -in punishing Spain, being
aboard the Bancroft.
This Rear-Admiral la a Blue Blood.
The Rear Admiral commanding.' the
third division, Charles M. Thomas, flag
ship Minnesota, is a Rittenhouse Square
Phlladelphlan, and to any one who knows
the Quaker city and its ways that means
that he is of the very elect of the coun
try's bluebloods. For all that he is a
democratic sort of fellow when oH duty.
His most Interesting detail to date oc
curred when he was sent to Paris in the
famous old training ship Constitution -to
carry the American exhibit to one of the
exhibitions held there.
Rear Admiral Charles 8. Sperry, In
command of the fourth division, with the
Alabama as his flagship, was this coun
try's naval representative at the recent
peace word-war at The Hague. He was
president of the Naval College at New
port for sevoral years, and, taken by and
large, Is held to be one of the most effl-
Men Who Saved the Union
LINCOLN"
JAY
You are familiar with the parts played by Lincoln and
Grant, What do you know about the' man who raised
the money that saved the Union? Read .the life of
The Financier of the Civil War
It's history that's new to you. The life-story of the nation and the gentns
of finance who raised dollars while Lincoln raised armies. The personal,
patriotic and philanthropic sides of the daring financier of a generation
ago furnish an interesting comparison to men and methods of to-day.
By ELLIS PAXSON OBERHOLTZER
Author of "Robert Morris, Patriot and Financier."
Just published; tivt volumes; cloth, $7.50 tut. At all boolstlltrs.
GEORGE W. JACOBS A CO., Publishers, Philadelphia. Pa,
used socialistic violence in order to pre
vent the application of the law of sepa
ration. Would not Father Gregory In
cline to call them socialists?
The revolutlonarlsm of socialism lies
in the ends to which it tends, 1. e., so
cialization of means of production, and
not in the means it uses.
"The contrast between social reform
and social revolution does not consist in I
the application of force In the latter,"
says K. Kautsky. the greatest living
Interpreter of Mary. That violence is
sometimes necessary for the promotion
of liberty is a fact admitted even by
non-socialists, but nobody could say that
the social revolution will be accompanied
by violence. Circumstances decide, and
it Is foolish to say that force is abso
lutely necessary. And in order to un
derstand the modern interpretation of
the words quoted from Marx and Engela,
let Father Gregory read the introduc
tion of the same Engels to Marx's "Class
Struggle in France."
The same Is the attitude of socialism
toward family. Here, too, socialism
studies facts and concludes: Facts show
that the family has changed with the
change of social organization. Modern
family Is based upon a contract. Rela
tions between sexes are, as Clara Fet
kin says, ein sachverheltnlss (relatiqn of
objects). The persons unite not in view
of what they are, but in view of what
they have. Max Nordau, who is not a
socialist, calls, therefore, modern mar
riage a legalized prostitution.
The consequences of these marriages
are seen in the numberless divorces and
the general discontent of married peo
ple. ,
On the other hand, modern industry
disorganizes the worker's family; 5,000.
000 women and nearly 2,000,000 children
work in the fields and- factories of the
United States
Do not all these facts prove the base
ness and disorganization of modern
family?
A change must take ' place. Spencer
also admits it.
Socialism shows that it is free choice
and love and not material Interests that
will be at the basis of the future family.
Can Father Gregory show me pro
miscuity practised by the advocates of
free love? Who practised it? Eltsee
Reclus, the greatest geographer of the
world: Kropotklne. the great buril, dis
coverer of radium? Father Gregory does
not like socialism, also because it con
siders work the basis of exchange value.
This theory, first exposed by Smith.
Rlcardo and Mill, has resisted every at
tack directed against it. It is still an
undeniable truth that in taking out of
the table I write on the work of the'ear
penter or Joiner who made it, and in
taking likewise out of the boards of
which it was made the work of the man
who cut the tree from the woods, making
boards of it, what is left? A tree grown
without the Intervention of man; a tree,
which as long as It Is in the woods has
no exchange value.
The water of the river, how useful it
might be, has no exchange value, so long
as no human work Is added to it; but
as soon as by human work it is directed
through pipes to some place lt acquires
an exchange value equal to the human
work put in it.
lt it be remembered that by work I
mean work socially necessary.
To discuss the question whether so
cialism opposes religion is. as the French
say, enforce desportes onvertes.
Socialism considers religion as a pri
vate affair. But the atheistic assertions
of socialists given by Father Gregory
proves the contrary.
Here is the clue: Socialism opposes th
church (church i Is something different
from religion) because the church has
been the Instrument by which rulers
have kept the people In subjection. It
opposes religion because it is thoroughly
scientific, and It has been said. "A
chaque pas que la science fait en avant
la religian fait un en arviere." (With
every step science makes forwards, re
ligion makes one backwards.) As long
as science denies or doubts the alleged
truths of religion, socialism, or rather
the socialists, will do the same, as noth
ing can compel them to hide the truth.
These are the remarks I had to make
about Father Gregory's criticism of so
cialism, of that scientific doctrine, that
furnishes the best Interpretation of mod
ern society: of that theory which teaches
not a fictitious but the real brotherhood
of men, based on community of interests;
of that movement which strives to make
the old Latin slogan: "Solus populi su
prema lex esto" a' realty.
cient officers In the Navy. He attained
the grade of captain In 1900.
These, then, .are the "young mn" to
whom President Roosevelt, ns Commander-in-Chief
of the Army and the Navy
of the United States of America, Is in
trusting the care of the real Navy of the
Nation. Though they are young men.
most of them have been in training
pretty much the world over since th
middle "60s, and a big majority of them
have seen fighting here and there, hut
principally in the Spanish-American War.
Those who have been given opportunity
to display grit and fighting blood never
have failed to do so; and each and every
one has stood true In emergencies. They
now are about to be tried in a manner
absolutely unique In the history of our :
Navy. And It may be that when they
have brought the fleet safe to its ' Pa
cific destination they will then be told
to go back to the Atlantic by way of
Europe. That Is a reasonable probability,
and that would be a far greater test for
officers and men than the one they are
to begin tomorrow that the Navy may .
become conversant with our home sea
on the west as well as the home sea '
that leaves our Eastern shores.
(Copyright, 1907. by Dexter Marshall.)
. How We Live Now.
Birmingham (Ala.) Age-Herald.
Pierced by tbe Pin Trust,
Chilled by the Ice Trust.
Roasted by the Coal Trust,
Soaked by the Soap Trust.
Doped by tha Drug Trusty
(W)rapped by the Paper 'A'ruat,
Bullied by the Beef Trust,
Lighted by the Oil Trust,
Squeezed by the Corset Trust,
Soured by the Pickle Trust.
GRANT
COOKS