THE SUNDAY OKEGOMA.V, PORTLAND, JUL V 14, 1907.
l"ai!nBtVEMN INDIA
i f r:Wm -kW"- KILLED TREACHIR-
S m?lf 0C OREGON REDSKINS
'm&;mi:0X- PmrmA early in the 5oh
ONE of the roost picturesque charac
ters in the Northwest is Bill
Chance, who is spending the evening
of his days In Seaside, content to let the
strenuous life he has lived be only a
pleasant memory.
Bill Chance is a man of striking ap
pearance, six feet two inches tall. and.
although 77 years old, straight as an
arrow. He is probably more familiar
with the Indians and the Indian wars of
this Coast than any man living, having
been an active participant in almost
every , war with them since he crossed
the plains in 1S52. He speaks several In
flian dialects and is as familiar with the
Chinook Jargon as he Is with English.
During the Rogue River Indian war he
served as a volunteer, and participated In
the Battle of Hungry Hill, one of the
most sanguinary fights of all that cruel
campaign. His description of the atroci
ties he witnessed is so vivid that listen
ing to them almost makes the auditor
feel he was present. "I have seen," said
he, "children wearing swaddling clothes,
which the murderous brutes had taken
by the legs and beaten their brains out
asalnst a rock. And yet many people in
the East, actuated by a feeling of senti
ment and ignorance, have lifted up their
' hands in horror at the thought of whe
men thirsting for the blood of those
fiends. As a matter of fact the men who
know the cruelty and bloodthlrstiness of
On- red man have no more hesitancy In
killing an Indian than they would a rat
tler. Of the two, the rattlers are the less
dangerous and most honorable: they al
ways warn before they strike; an Indian,
never.
"Another thing you must observe. An
Indian is always an Indian. No dlffer
, ence how much of the veneering of civ
ilization he may have acquired: no dif
ference if taken when a pappoose. raised
to manhood by a white family, without
ever seeing one of his kind, latent lies
the Indian traits, ready to burst forth
In deeds of cruelty and hate, without a
moment's warning. I may make an ex
ception to this In favor of a squaw, but
never with the bucks.
"I belonged," said Bill, "to the Ben
Wright expedition, and was one of the
SO white men engaged in the so-called
Ben Wrigbt massacre. Wright was se
verely censured for this by the United
States officials and stigmatised as a mur
derer. A howl was raised throughout the
Ha stern press, many insisting that he
be courtniartialed and shot.
"The whole secret of the killing of
those 30 Indians lay In the Indians'
treachery. We had these Moloquas (since
known as Modocs) penned on a penin-
HOW YOU
One Woman Who Has Won
"I
WISH you would tell me how to
get rid of moths, they are ruining
nil my best clothes."
"Cook them:" serenely replied her
neighbor. '
"Cook them?" incredulously echoed the
voice across the way. "How?"
"Well," judiciously answered the model
housekeeper, "there are just two ways
that are absolutely sure to fix them, suf
focating and cooking. As I have my
house cleaning to do anyway, I prefer to
cook them. You can steam them, or
bake them, or boll them. Come over and
I will tell you how. I want to rest a while
anyway," and she sat down on the top
step as the woman from across the way
occupied a lower one.
"In the first place," she continued, "you
must give up all reliance on the common
ly advocated methods such as moth balls,
tar paper, cedar chests, tobacco,' camphor,
sulphur candles, etc., or anything that de
pends for Its efficacy upon odoriferous
qualities, for the principal result of such
proceedings is merely the Impregnation of
jour .wearing apparel with an offensive
aroma, which diffuses most noticeably
when you meet some dear critical friend
In a crowded streetcar.
Moth Balls a Failure.
"Of course, if a moth is penned up with
moth balls, It is going to get as far away
from any individual moth ball as It can,
and so would you. But there is the point
being penned up with the moth balls, it
simply adapts Itself to the situation,
and you have the Darwinian theory ex
empltfted. Almost every one of ordinary
intelligence knows now by expensive ex
perience, if not by reasoning power, that
moth, bails have no exterminating quali
ties; and if a moth finds its chosen abode
occupied by a inoth ball, it proceeds to
locate in soma adjacent position not so
highly perfumed. As for the tar paper
the answer is the same. I have known of
vigorous famliies of moths being incu
bated and grown to maturity within the
protecting confines and peace and quiet
ude of tar paper bundles. Cedar chests
are no more efficacious except in point of
density than tissue paper,
"And cold storage? I really believe
a moth would survive a trip to the
North pole if transportation there Is
ever established. It is claimed that
a low temperature renders them tem
porarily dormant. My experience nas
been it also renders their progeny more
vigorous. Three years ago 'I unpacked
some things from a box that had been
stored away at the old home, not giv
ing much consideration to a few moths
that fluttered, away as. the garments
were opened out, foolishly thinking
that removing the box would remove
danger from the pests. I put it out
on this r.orth porch and left it In cold
storage all Winter. In the Spring,
when their regular hatching period
came, I found moths in every room In
the house.
"I congratulated myself that I had
at least raved the contents of the box,
which had been in a temperature be
low the freezing point most of the
BILL CHANGL
sula that ran into a lake, near Lost
River, about two miles this Side of the
California line. Escape was impossible,
so they sent a messenger, under a flag
of truce, asking for a peace conference,
to be held at 12 o'clock the following
day, which Wright immediately granted.
The significance of the hour did not oc
cur to him. At the noon hour the men
would be engaged in eating dinner or
attending to their horses, thus being en
tirely off their guard.
"During the night a squaw came into
camp and informed Wright that the In
dians would all attend the' council; that
they would wear their blankets, under
which their firearms would be con
cealed, and. at a given signal from the
chief, all the whites were to be mur
dered in cold Wood. This, you observe,
after promising to come unarmed.
"The next day - everything in camp
went on as usual. The most wary In
dian eye could detect nothing in the
white man's camp to indidcate any
knowledge of the premeditated treachery.
"At the appointed hour, while the
whites were apparently engaged about
their camp duties, the Indians marched
solemnly Into camp, and fell Into such
positions as enabled them to observe
every -man in camp, with the chief fac
ing Captain Wright.
"When the crucial moment arrived,
Wrigiit raised his hand to his hat, when
instantly 30 rifles, in the hands of as
deadly marksmen as ever pulied a trig
ger, poured a storm of lead into that
MAY GET RID OF MOTHS
Undisputed Victory OTer the Insects Discloses Her Effective Method.
Winter. Upon examination 1 found
there the largest and most active
moths of my entire stock, those In the
warmly heated rooms being small and
delicate In comparison. I was almost
frantic. I took the advice of every
one I knew who had ever harbored one
of the genus, used moth balls, cam
phor, tobacco, tar paper etc.; singly and
collectively, with the result that by
wrapping up all surplus wearing ap
parel I lessened the chances of such
promiscuous colonizing as had taken
place the Summer before, the prin
cipal survivors being from some of the
eggs that had been in seams or l:n
ings, where my vigorous brushing was
unable to dislodge them.
Birth of the Idea.
"One day while pressing a garment that
had been rolled in tar paper all Summer,
yet showed signs of moths that I knew
were not there when I so carefully
brushed them and put them away, the
idea came to me as the hot steam from
the wet cloth next to the iron went
through the coat to the ironing-board,
that any moth egg or larva underneath
that iron surely would be cooked past
any reviving, and all at once a certain
solution of my difficulty came to my
mind I would cook them. Hence,
steamed moths were first on my menu.
I got out every article of wearing ap
parel that could be touched with an iron
and steamed them thoroughly with a wet
cloth laid over them, pressing with an
iron hot enough to drive the steam
through to the ironing board. For my
velvet carpets and rugs I tore an old
sheet In half, wet it." wrung it lightly,
and Ironed over every inch o the carpets
as they lay on the floor, after they bad
been thoroughly dusted and cleaned for
the Summer. I even took scraps of cot
ton, silk and woolens, left from cutting
out garments, and passed a hot iron
over them; for, if a moth can't find a
woolen place to lay eggs it will use soft
cotton or silk. To make sure, I went
over everything, for one moth can ruin
a $50 garment. "They seem to have a
cultivated taste for the most conspicuous
place on the garment. ,
"In collecting the things to be steamed
I found some that could not be ironed,
such as millinery, velvets, old gloves,
shoes and various odds and ends, yet by
laying on papers in a carefully heated
oven, could be subjected to a degree of
heat sufficient to disintegrate animal tis
sue without harm to fabric. Thus I had
baked moths.'
Washable' Material Boiled.
"All washable cotton materials were
simply immersed in a vessel of boiling
hot water for two or. three minutes, and
there were my boiled moths."
"It was quite a lot of trouble, but as I
did It at regular house-cleaning time, the
extra 'work was small in comparison to
the relief of being free from the harass
ing worry of airing and brushing all my
clothes every time I would see a moth
fluttering to the light, then chasing it to
some shadow, perhaps catching it and as
often not. 1 actually got so that the
very sight of a moth would turn me
sick in distress at the thought of the
surprised body of Indians, who had
come to kill, and instead were killed.
Not one of them escaped, and so sud
den and unexpected was the attack and
so fatal in its results, that not one of
them had time to remove his blanket
or raise his gun, and they all had their
guns -concealed under their blankets.
"This," continued Mr. Chance, "is the
true story of the so-called 'Ben Wright
massacre.' It was simply a question of
killing or being killed, and Wright took
the only sensible course and killed.
Who, I ask, under the circumstances
would have done otherwise? And echo
questions "Who?" "
"The most daring act of bravery I
ever saw," continued Mr. Chance, "oc
curred at the Battle of Hungry Hill. A
man by the name of Miller had his leg
broken by a bullet, and when the troops
retreated under the galling fire of the
Indians, Miller was left lying on' the
field. David Inmcn went back to Mil
ler, picked him up. and amid a raging
stwrm of bullets carried him to a place
of safety. Marvelous as It may ap
pear, neither of them was touched by
a bullet."
Bill Chance is serenely passlna- over
1 the last part of the road leading to
the "Great Unknown." He has helped
to make the history of . the Wc3t, and
although nearing the last milestone,
his wit is rapier-like in its keenness
and his soul is as full of music as
mocking birds at mating time. He
will leave the world better for having
lived in it.
anxiety and labor in store for me of go
ing over the clothing the next day It
grew to be a standing joke, with my
family that I was 'seeing things' when
..j wuuiu oDserve me Wildly dodging
about in fnllnn:)., u . ; " .
-- --- - ' 'p. . v cuaut cuurae o I
a moth in my endeavors to catch it. It
" "iccn (easingiy suggested that a
mental examination should be instituted
in order to control those strange out
breaks. " 'But,' sighing reflectively, ."all that
is over with, now that I have learned
how to cook them. It has been a year
since I have had any trouble from them,
and so far in my house-cleaning I haven't
found one this Spring. The only precau
tion I took last Summer was to wrap all
woolens In fresh, clean wrapping paper,
carefully tied and labeled, so I knew Just
" "". o in eduu pacaage, ana I reel X
have saved enough money by preserving
good clothing to pay for my subscription
to two newspapers, several magasines,
and a few theater tickets."
"What about the suffocation method?"
"Well that is a scientific operation, is
more expensive, and somewhat danger
ous. Try cooking them, and if you don'i
have success then, as a last resort, apply
the following heroic treatment:
Troublesome and Dangerous.
"As I said before, the suffocation plan
is troublesome, an?i a little dangerous.
T would advise you to try every other
method first. If you give your furniture
a thorough beating, and clean the lint
from every crack ' and crevice (I have
known moths to nest In sewing machine
drawers, and the lint that gathers under
the foot of a stove leg), going over things
thoroughly once a month through June,
July and August, which is the moth's
principal hatching time, you can keep
them under control. But first heating
everything heatable, as I told you last
week. You can send overcoats, suits and
large cloaks to the cleaners, and have
them put through a hot steaming process
with a rubber hose. The subsequent
pressing can be done in the fall. Then
by wrapping every superfluous garment
in wrapping paper or sealing them up In
pasteboard suit and hat boxes you will
greatly lessen conditions favorable to
moth propagation, besides saving those
same garments from possibility of being
ruined.
"There are ways of trapping moths
which I have not yet described and
which I have never heard of being used
till I reasoned them out myselt Every
moth trapped miens the elimination of
a vast progeny. You know their fond
ness for animal matter: also that a
light at night excites them to fly
toward it, then quickly dart to" some
dark shadowy corner. If you set a
plate greased with any arlmi.i fat un
der the bed. dresser, wardrobe, side
board, or. other large piece of furni
ture, you will in time catch many of
the butterflies while they are seeking
a place to deposit their eggs. They fly
so erratically and drop so rapidly that
when they strike the plate they are
unable to rise from it, their wings be
ing greased. Chicken or goose grease
Is best because thei,- odor wiil attract
through the moth's instinct for feath
ers, which every housekeeper knows is
quite pronounced. Another good way
Is to hang some large dark woolen gar
ment on the wall in the most unfre
quented corner of the room and once a
week in day time take it outside and
search thoroughly. With an ela blue
skirt I have caught dozens in that way.
Once in two weeks you should thor
oughly steam-It, pressing a hot iron
over a wet cloth, to kill any eggs that
may be deposited or you will find your
self running a. moth Incubator rather
than an exterminator.
A Fur Importer's Method.
"F'or your furs, one of the largest
Importers of furs in this country told
me the method they weed was the only
safe way so far discovered. They use
a handful of slender switches like wil
lows, carefully skinned nd all rough
places carefully smoothed down. These
they tie firmly together and carefully,
yet thoroughly, bent and whip t!:e fur,
shaking well to dislodgV. any loose eggs
and hairs; then "go all over it with a
medium-toothed comb, one that will not
pull hairs, yet la fine enough to catch
anything! like webbing or spawn. Wrap
each gaiment separa tely-In some mothproof-
receptacle, yet where It can be
examined every four weeks.
'Following this treatment I packed
my fur-collared automobllu coat in an
extra large tailors' suit box, first open
ing it out flat and ironing it all over
with a hot iron to kill any .'ggs that
might be in the crevices. I steamed
the coat as I did the blue skirt and
folded It in such manner as to make it
least ' wrinkled when taken out in the
Fall, and pasted all around the. sides
p.nii ends of the box a strip of strong
paper wide enough to cover every open
ing. The plan proved a perfect suc
cess." Salt-Water Sharks in
New York Waters
NOW that the seashore resorts are
again in full swing and the thoughts
of many turn to surf-bathing, it is of in
terest to inquire what sharks ar found
in ".he. wners near New York City, but
not on cccount of any danger, for the
stories tbout man-eating sharks In this
latitude are mostly fictitious. "Although
seme of the largest and fiercest species
are ocealor'ally found in these waters,
the most timid bather need give no
t.iought to them; except in the way of
curiosity and interest
In New York harbor and the adjacent
waters are found 29 species of sharks
and skate, although some of these are
rare, and only occasionally allow them
selves 13 be sighted so far from tropical
sens. Tht rarest of all is called by the
Portuguese name of "peixe carago," and
only twf. specimens have ever been found
tine on the coast of Portugal, and one,
almost ten feet In length, which was
washed ashore dead on Long Island, 24
years ag-. One rff the commonest sharks
is the little three-foot dogfish, which
persists In getting caught when anglers
are after edible fish. When numbers of
these are captured, a valuable oil Is ex
tracted from the livers, and the fish
ther.'.sclves are useful as fertilizers.
The tier or leopard shark is a wan
derer :.-ora tropical 'waters, one of the
fiercest of its class, and though here
abouts it but seldom reaches a length
of ten feet, the full-grown ones are said
to measure 3C feet from the point of the
great upper tall-fin to the tip of the
snout. It is yellowish-gray in -color, with
brown spots and cross bands, and the tail
tin is one-tfcird the length of the entire
body. The dusky shark is called the
"nian-eu'c-r," in Great Egg Bay, and
measures from two to 12 feet.. It is quite
common throughout the Summer. The.
snouc is prcnounced, and the eyes are
large and round.
One of the strangest sharks, and. in
deed, one of the oddest looking creatures
in the world, is the hammerhead an ex
cellent name, for its head is cylindrical,
with a w!dth two or three times as great
as the length. The eyes are set at the
outer angle: of the head, and can thus
look up and down at will. There are three
rows of triangular white teeth in each
Jaw. This veracious fish reaches a length
of IS feet, ana though there is little dan
ger of its attacking a living swimmer, it
will at least devour a dead body. One, 11
feet long, which was killed at Sag Har
bor, had eaten portions of a man and his
clothing. Small hammerhead have been
caught '.n Mew York Bay and several
four-foot specimens in Hell Gate.
The ground or sand sharks are common
r.eur Urn city. They are from four to 12
feet Ions. The teeth are lang and awl
shaped, a;d the food lsjnackerel, herring
and other small fishes. The color is
bronze &iay, with brown blotches. The
mackerel shark is greenish in color, and
a spe?;men nine feet In length has been
caught near the lightship off Sandy Hook.
Most voracious of all Is the great white
shark. It is sometimes 30 feet long and
weighs two tons, and each jaw has no
fewer than five rows of large, serrated
teeth. It 's fortunately rare near New
York. Of a 12-foot specimen captured, it
was said:
"When f.rst seen it wasswimming in
about ten feet of water. A boat's crew
having given chase, a harpoon was
thrown Into It. when it instantly turned
toward tbe boat and seized it with great
ferocity r.ear the bow, in which act sev
eral of its teeth were broken off. It was
evertually killed by being frequently
lanced.
One captuied in Callfornlan waters had
eaten a ycung sea lion weighing 100
pounds.
The last o the true sharks and the
largest is the basking or elephant shark.
Its greatest recorded length Is 40 feet. It
la oecafe'orally caught in the lower har
bor of New York.
Skates end rays are sharks which have
become adapted to life on the sandy bot
tom, and in consequence have devetoped
Into flat, ficunder-IIke forms. The "com
mon ray Is well known, but the torpedo
or cramp fish is rare. It has a well-developed
electric battery within its body,
and the shocks from this, passing through
a metal harpoon, are severe enough to
knock a man down.
The sting ray Is much dreaded by fish
ermen, as the slime which gets into a
wound made by the sharp spines on the
back Is intensely poisonous. The cow
no3d ray comes Into our bays in droveB
and root? Into the mud flats after soft
clams. These fish fly rather than swim
through the water, flapping their great
lateral appendages as a bird does its
wings. The empty egg-cases of skates
may be picked up by the score along the
Coney Island beach dark, oblong objects,
with n. tentacle curling outward from
each of the four corners.
At Oyster Bay.
The woodpile crashed and shivered.
The blows fell loud and fet,
The air cHee out and quivered,
A thousand chip flew past,
"What means this mighty chopping-?"
I asked In great surprise.
The natives Bald: "It's only Ted.
.' A-cettin' exercise."
Tbe hayrick, rearing proudly.
Shook sudden to Its heart;
I heard a voice yell loudly:
"Stsnd ready with the oarti"
I cried: '"Who's that beneath it?
Will he not come to harm?"
The native ild: "It's only Ted.
A-llmberin' hi arm."
The firm ground started rocking,
And shaking to and fro;
It trembled till 'twas shocking.
From many a far. strange biow.
I moaned: "The earth Is Quaking!
gee how it starts and squirms:"
The native said: "It's only Ted,
A-diggln' flshln'-wormsu"
Adown th lane came dashing
A heated, eye-glassed man.
Whose large front teeth were gnashing
O'er warm thoughts as he ran.
"Whv speeds he so?" I ssked thero .
"That sweater round his chest?"
The natives said: "It's only Ted,
A-lakin' of hta rest.
R Ida mo ad Times-Despatch.
When General Greely Fought Sioux
NEW COMMANDER OF DEPARTMENT OF COLUBIA TALKS
OF THE TIME WHEN BUFFALO BILL WAS A HERO
II
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if"
ft
5." J
) 1-
1
- i V-
!AJon-(iL;EriAL
mfHE." Major-Ueneral A. W. Greely
takes charge at Vancouver Bar
racks, the Department of the
Columbia will have one of the most dis
tinguished department commanders who
have been stationed here in recent years.
Probably nine out of ten people to
whom the name General Greely Is men
tioned will Immediately recall him as the
commander of the famous polar expedi
tion of 1SS1 that established the "farthest
north"- record 83 degrees 14 minutes,
which stood for so many years.
But among Army officers and the of
ficials of the War Department the nawte
of General Greely stands for much mora
than an arctic explorer, says Frederick
North Shorey In the Chicago Inter-Ocean.
This, In reality, was but an incident in
a career which has extended over 46
years of active service in the Army,
through Indian wars, the War of the
Rebellion and the Spanish-American
War, through civic riots and disturb
ances which required the prompt and
decisive action of the military for thtMe
suppression, and in negotiations which
have saved the Government millions of
dollars.
General Greely today holds the unique
record of being the first volunteer sol
dier out of 2.000,000 who entered the Civil
War to attain the rank of Major-General
in the regular Army, and has the
longest record of active service of any
General now on the rolls of tiie Army.
Despite his long and useful career. Gen
eral Greely does not appear a day over
F.0 years old. and that he possesses an
indomitable will behind the exterior of
a country gentleman was evidence by
his prompt action a year ago when he
took charge of San Francisco after the
chaotic condition resulting from the
earthquake disaster.
In his early days as an officer of the
Army, just after the Civil War, General
Greely took part in the whirlwind cam
paign in the western part of Nebraska
near the borders of Colorado, when
General Carr wiped out the Sioux In
dians in that state and made It habitable
for settlers. The campaign ended in the
battle of Summit Springs, wherein more
than 199 of the Indians were killed and
Buffalo Bill laid the foundation of the
fame that has stood him in good stead
as a showman ever since. His exper
ience of Indian fighting in that cam
paign General Greely regards as one of
the most exciting incidents of his car
eer. One day last week, while engaged in
his preparations for moving to the Coast.
General Greely fell into a reminiscent
mood and recalled some of the incidents
of the expedition which led up to- the
battle of Summit Springs. Like mos
Army officers. General Greely is not given
to discussing his own experiences, but
his recollections of the episodes of those
days form an interesting addition to the
lore of the frontier, which enterprising
showmen of the Buffalo Bill type are at
tempting to make realistic.
"In reality my experience as an arctia
explorer was but a small Incident In
my Army career." said General Greely.
In answer to a remark concerning his
experience on the frontier. "In 46 years
of active service in the Army one is
likely to run across many experiences of
a varied nature, but I sometimes think
my connection with that expedition or
General Carr's was one of the most ex
citing experiences that T ever went
through. Of course. I wu but 25 years
old then, and perhaps more impressiona
ble than I am now, but the recollection
of those days is very vivid and pleas
urable. "It was In that expedition that I first
made the acquaintance of Buffalo Bill,
who was our chief of scouts, and I be
came very welt acquainted with him. It
was in I860 that General Carr started out
with his expedition against the Indians
in Western Nebraska from Fort McPher
son. I was then on the staff of General
Augur, and Buffalo Bill, as I said, went
along as chief of the scouts. General
Carr took six troops of cavalry and a
number of Pawnee scouts as well as
some civilians. We struck right out into
the Indian country, and finally we went
into camp in an oxbow of the Repub
lican River.
"I remember very well going on a
buffalo hunt with Buffalo Bill, which
finally- resulted In the discovery of the
Indian trail that led to the battle of
Summit Springs. The day that I went
out with Cody on the hunt was a mem
orable one to me. The country was so
desolate and wild that I recall we had
difficulty in ascertaining where we were.
We came upon the buffalo in almost
countless numbers. There were prob
ably 40.000 in the herd that we found.
They seemed to extend In every' direc
tion. Coming In I left the hunting party
and rode away by thyself, and it was
on this lone expedition that I ran into
the dry camp of Indians., which gave us
the first Intimation of the trail that was
4 ' -X
' i. it
1 vS. ,
& f
a. w. urkeli.
afterward followed. I informed Buffalo
Bill of the dry camp where the Indians
had been, and later the expedition de
cided to follow up the trail.
"One incident of that expedition stands
out most vividly in my mind. Toward
night the mules that were attached to
our wagons had been driven down. Into
the water of the river, when suddenly
there was a great shouting from the
bluffs above, and I knew that a body
of Indians must be trying to stampede
the mules. I was in such a position that
I could see them plainly and there was
as much excitement as one could wish
for a time. The Indians were finally
driven back after considerable firing.
"But to revert to the discovery of the
Int'lan trial. General Carr decided to
follow it. as there- was really nothing
else to do. From the indications there
was small hope of catching the Indians,
they seemed to be moving with such
speed, and had It not been for the fact
that they halted they would never have
been caught. The- result of It was that
when they were come up with they were
so completely surprised that their defeat
was easy."
The following short but graphic ac
count of the battle is given bV Cyrus
Townsend Brady in his book,. "Indian
Fights and Fighters." .
"Cody, having discovered the location
of the village, returned to General Carr
and advised him to take a wider detour,
keeping his forces concealed among the
hills, so that he could approach the In
dians from the north, a direction from
which they would not be expecting at
tack, and whence they might be the more
easily surprised. The advice was fol
lowed, the command made its encircling
march without detection, and formed up
ln line of troops, each troop two abreast,
in the ravines about 1200 yards from the
village.
"They were between the Indians and
the Platte River. The "camp was located
at Summit Springs. Colo. Every prep
aration having been made, Carr ordered
the bugler to sound the charge. The
man was so excited that he was unable
to produce a note. Twice Carr gave
the command. Finally Quartermaster
Hayes snatched the bugle from the agi
tated musician and sounded the charge
himself, and the whole regiment rushed
out into the open.
"The Indians made for their ponies
and advanced to meet the charge. The
rush of the soldiers was too threatening,
however. After a hasty fire they broke
and fled on their horses, the whole par
ty. soldiers and Indian scouts, following
after at full speed through the village.
The attack was a complete success.
Fifty-two Indians were killed and 274
horses and 145 mules were captured. The
soldiers 'had one man wounded, with no
other casualties.
"In the camp 'were found the bodies
of two unfortunate white women, who
had been captured. Swift as had been
the dash of the soldiers, the Indians had
taken the time to brain one of the wom-
'en with a war club, while the second
was shot in the breast and left for dead.
She was iriven every possible attention
by the soldiers, who took her back to
Fort Sedgwick, and her life was eventu
ally saved. Her sufferings and treat
ment had been beyond description. Fif
teen hundred dollars in money in gold,
silver, and greenbacks strange' to say.
had been found in the camp. This sum
tbe soldiers, by permission of the Gen
eral, donated to the poor woman as an
expression of their sympathy for her.
"According to some accounts, Tall Bull,
who was chief of the camp and one of
the head chiefs of the Sioux, was killed
In this attack. Buffalo Bill tells another
story. .The day after the fight the vari
ous companies of the Fifth Cavalry
which had remained in camp all the en
suing day and night, at the insistence
of the plucky commander. In spite of
the pleas of some of the officers, who,
fearing an attack in force, suggested re
tiring immediately separated In order to
the more effectively pursue the flying In
dians. Several days after the surprise
the detachment for which Cody was
ruide was attacked by several hundred
Indians. The soldiers fought them off.
killing a number. The chief of this par
ty was believed by Cody to be Tall Bull.
"Buffalo Bill crept through a ravine
for several hundred feet, unobserved by
the Indians, until he reached an open
ing whence he had the savages In range.
Watching his opportunity as the Indians
were careering wildly over the prairie,
he drew a bead on the chief and shot
him dead. Whether that was Tall Bull
or not, one fact is clear that he was
killed either then or before, for he was
certainly dead thereafter.
"When the troops were following the
Indian trails on the march to Summit
Springs, at every place where the In
dians had camped they found marks of
white women's shoes. It was this
knowledge that gave additional deter
mination and fire to their magnificent
attack."
"The account given by Mr. Brady Is
.-.: ' 2
as accurate as any that I know of." said
General Greely. "and the result of the
figiit was certainly decisive. Buffalo Bill
In those days was one of the handsom
est men and certainly the most efficient
stout I ever knew. The people of today
have little realization of the conditions
that existed in those times.
"1 know that IS years after that battle
1 went over the same ground in Nebras
ka that we hud traversed on that expe
dition, and It would have been impossi
ble for m to recognize the country had
I not known It to be the same place.
There were two railroads running along
the trail where we had ridden, and the
country all about was built up. The
entire country Is changed and the days
of the frontier are over.
"The personnel of the Army today Is
far different than It was In those
days," continued General Greely; "the
requirements for the soldier are great
er also. Of course, then the Army had
passed through a long war, which is
always demoralizing, not only to the
habits of the rank and file, but also
to those of the officers. Personally, I
believe tha the Army in the United
States should be greatly Increased.
When you consldet that 4S per cent of
the Army Is on foreign service the
necessity for this is obvious. Our
troops will not get out of Cuba until
1909. The great trouble with our Army
at present is that you cannot get men
to Join it. as the Inducements are not
sufficient. When the average wage of
laborers is from $1.50 to $2 a day, and
the pay of a soldier is but J13 a month,
even when you consider the rations and
clothing furnished besides. It will be
seen that the lite of a soldier does not
hold out alluring prospects.
"The pay of both enlisted men and
officers should be increased. This is
apparent when you consider that Eng
land, whose army Is the only one that
ours can be compared with, as service
there is also voluntary, was obliged to
increase the pay of its army. Even the
officers of the Army do not start in
with sufficient pay. Men after gradu
ating from West-Point become Second
Lieutenants, and after holding that
rank for six or seven years only re-,
ceive from $1500 tn 1600. I do not
see how the young officers can manage
to live upon their Incomes when you
consider the exactions that go -with
an oftlcer's position in the Army. And
when it all is considered it is astonish
ing how few officers actually go wrong
in spite of the temptation to get into
debt. The Army, of course, has its
percentage of those wtio do go wrong
exactly as do the clergy and other pro
fessionals, hut on the whole the Army
Is very fortunate.
"Discipline is now maintained on a
higher scale In the United States Army
than it has ever been before. An offi
cer who misbehaves is assuredly
brought to trial In the shortest space
of time. IJvery effort Is made to
stimulate tloretlcal study among the
officers, and their efficiency is kept up
to a high standard. But I nope to, see
a substantial increase In the near fu
ture, and believe that It will be done."
General Greely was asked concerning
his belief as to the possibility of war
between the United States and Japan.
"In a speech at the recent banquet
given to General Kuroki, I expressed
my opinion upon this subject," said
General Greely. "It has always been
that there w ould be no war.. Of course,
In the contest for supremacy in the
Pacific trade between Japan and the
United States in the next 10 years
there are certain to be complications
which will result In friction, but I
do not look for war. But It is well
for this country to be prepared, and,
to my mind, the question of keeping
the United States Army up to Its pres
ent state of efficiency and increasing
it is one of the greatest importance."
Our Annual
TobaccoSill
ON "Mr Lady Nicotine" the people of
the United States spend in times
as much cash as they spend on the min
isters of the Gospel. Our tobacco bill,
annually, is double that of our bill for
public education or for all the furniture
in our houses.
We pay out more money for the fra
grant weed than for sugar. Every tim
we spend 10 cents for bread, we hand
over 4 cents for tobacco.
All the gold coined In this country last
year would fall short of covering our
smoking-account by nearly J100.000.000. for
we spend yearly for cigars, cigarettes,
smoking and chewing tobacco, and snuff
more than J300.000.000.
The money paid by Americans for
smoking equals the amount paid for
shoes for our 50,000.000 inhabitants.
Smokers burn up an equivalent In cur
rency 150 times the sum burned up in
fireworks. The vast fortune that we
swap for the comfort of smoking, chew
ing, and snuffing would build 30 great
structures like the National Capitol at
Washington.
Each year we smoke nearly 8.000,000,000
cigars, cheroots, stogies, and all-tobacco
cigarettes. 3.500,000.000 cigarettes with pa
per wrappers, and consume 300.0O0.00C
pounds of smoking and chewing tobacco
and snuff.
Ever' day we smoke 22.000.000 cigars
and 10.000.000 cigarettes, and either smoke
or chew 500 tons of tobacco, all of which
costs JSOO.000. Every minute of the 16
hours a day that we are awake we make
ourselves poorer by 50O for 23.000 cigars,
10.000 cigarettes and half a ton of plug
and fine cut.
It Is estimated that there are 13,000.000
devotees of the weed, or about as many
smokers as voters. This estimate ia
based on the assumption that one person
in each six of our population is a puffer
of smoke.
When the bill for 3OO.00O,0OO Is divided
among 13.000.000 smokers, the smoking
habit doesn't look so purse-breaking, af
ter all. For the amount spent by each
smoker Is only about $23 each year, or
less than 60 cents a week. And yet the
yearly gum lavished on this narcotic
herb by any one of thousands of men
would build a comfortable country house
and support a bed in a hospital besides.
-Eight billion cigars a year! Could a
man smoke 50 cigars a day. he would
huve to live more than 400.000 years to
consume all the cigars smoked by the
nation in 12 months.
In length, cigars average 4H inches.
Laid end to end the 8.000,000,(00 would
muke a brown streak little short of 570.
000 miles. Cut In half and made into
two perfectos or pantellas, the man
of earth could, from either of his two
cigars, blow smoke directly Into the face
of the mtn In the moon. Placed end to
end in 160 parallel rows they would floor
a bridge across the Atlantic from New
York to Llerpool. and floor it tightly,
too. July Scrap Book.
Soap Jelly.
Shred the soap finely; Just cover with
cold water and et In a jar or pan on
the oven or beside the fire till thor
oughly dissolved. It should always
be freshly made, as It loses strength if
kept long.
Use In the proportion of a quarter
of a pound of soap to one gallon of
water.
For small quantities, enough to raise
a lather on the water when beaten with
the hand.