THE SUNDAY OREGOXIAN, PORTLAND, MAT 19, 1907.
so
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PORTLAND, SUNDAY, MAY 19. 1907.
INTERNATIONAL, 6ENTIMENTAUSM.
From the peace conference that Is to
be held at The Hague fine sentiments
may be expected. Nothing more. That
grand eirenicon will not be wholly a
farce or sham, since there is a high
phllanthropical purpose behind it; but it
will not effect anything of importance,
because the nations that are strong and
feel able to defend themselves, or to be
aggressive when their interests require
it. will not enter into bonds to reduce
their armaments and to keep the peace
in all circumstances. War, indeed, is
not likely to be undertaken now or here
after on trivial pretexts, as formerly;
but crises between nations will arise
which will precipitate war between
them, in spite of all protests and re
straints which other nations may Beek
to employ. No nation that feels able
to defend Itself, or to support its claims
in important matters by war, will will
ingly tie its own hands, or consent to
have them tied by International con
vention. Hence Germany will not be a party In
the peace conference. Nor is Japan
ready for it. nor Russia willing. Ger
many feels strong enough to stand out
and stand alone; Japan and Russia
know that there is but a truce between
them, and that further conflict Is inev
itable and merely postponed. Great
Britain, protected by her insular posi
tion and powerful navy, is virtually
free from the fear of attack; our own
country,, through its remoteness from
great powers, is in a like situation.
Great Britain, therefore, can talk for
universal peacV; yet you will not find
her remiss at any point in providing
means of defense or even of aggression.
The United States wants peace and will
do everything possible to maintain it;
yet is spending more and more and
more every year on armament, and will
continue to do so. After all the Instinct
remains, and it will still prevail, every
where, that the best guarantee of peace
Is fullest possible preparation for war.
Small nations have little apprehension;
but each and every strong nation feels
and believes it can only hope to exist
by becoming stronger.
'Hence it is that international ' peace
meetings, held with a view of causing
reduction of armaments, exhale merely
in fine sentiments. Sentimental lltera
' ture, therefore, is about all we are to
expect from the peace conference soon
to be held at The Hague. -
OKLAHOMA'S CONSTITUTION.
The constitution of Oklahoma, re
cently adopted by its voters, awaits the
signature and the proclamation of
President Roosevelt in order to become
the organic law of that progressive
commonwealth and add another state
to the Union. Owing to its advanced
position upon many questions .of the
times the Attorney-General is carefully
scanning the instrument to see if it will
pass muster, legally speaking, before
he advises the President concerning it.
It it stands the test of Mr. Bonaparte's
Judgment, the President will at once
issue the proclamation admitting Okla
homa into the federation of states.
The constitution as adopted by a
vote of the people provides for the
Initiative and referendum; for the nom
ination of all state, county, district and
township officers by primaries; for the
prohibition of succession in state of
fices; for the submission of the liquor
prohibition question to the people of
the whole state; for an elective state
corporation commission; for two-cent
passenger fares; for the fellow servant
law; for commissions in agriculture, oil,
gas and mines, labor and arbitration
and to negotiate the purchase of the
segregated mineral lands in Indian ter
ritory, valued at many millions of
dollars. The constitution fixes the rate
of legal interest at 6 and contract rate
at 10 per cent, forbids corporations to
own more lands than are absolutely
necessary In the operation of their busi
ness; prohibits the Issuance of watered
slock and provides that the books of
corporations shall be open to inspection
at all times. To amend this constitu
tion a rriajority vote of the people 1s
required.
As it stands this constitution is said
to be the most advanced Instrument of,
its kind that has ever been adopted by
a state seeking admission into ,the
Union.
HENEY'S PROPHECY.
On November 4. 1905, during the mu
nicipal campaign In San Francisco,
Francis J. Heney made a speech there
in which he said:
I say to you. moreover, that I personally
know that Abraham Ruef Is corrupt. And
I say to you that whenever he wants me
to prove it in court I will do so. I say to
you further that if Schtnlts is re-elected
Mayor for another two years grafting will
become ao bad. owing to the renewed cour
age they will have, that the people of the
City of San Francisco will send for me in
whatever part of the United States I am
and , beg me to come back here and put
Ruef In the penitentiary, where he belongs.
As compared with the task which I un
dertook In Oregon, among a people to whom
I was a. stranger, the conviction of Abe
Ruef for grafting In San Francisco would
be an easy task. I will guarantee that if
I take charge of a grand Jury in this city
it will return lndiotments against Ruef for
grafting Inside or a week. And I now here
tonight pledge myself to the citizens of San
Francisco that if 8chmltg Is re-elected and
this grafting continues, I will devote my
best energies to sending Abe Ruef to the
penitentiary.
Schmitz was re-elected. Ruefs do
minion as boss was not disturbed. The
Infamous United Railways deal and all
the other colossal corruptions followed.
Ruef and Schmitz had taken "renewed
courage"; they stole right and left, and
defied the world to prove them guilty;
and the people of San Francisco sent for
Heney to come back and put them in
the penitentiary.
Heney first came to Oregon, where his
great work is yet unfinished, and
caused a few more land thieves to be
started finally on the road to Jail; then
he returned to San Francisco, and made
good.
A CREATION AND A GROWTH.
Every great business house is the
growth of years, directed by human in
telligence and sustained by continuous
human effort. Some kinds of fortunes
are almost accidental, as those gathered
from the resources of nature mines,
forests and the like which particular
individuals were the first to appropri
ate. Not so with great business estab
lishments, in which the personal ele
ment, with Its adjuncts of skill, pa
tience, industry and management, has
been the factor of success.
At this moment we have in mind ,the
business house of Lipman, Wolfe & Co.,
which today in an extended series of
advertisements commemorates, as It
celebrates the completion of its fiftieth
year. Just fifty years ago It started In
Sacramento. Its principal business
was, and for many years has been, in
Portland. Its success here is alike due
to Intelligent direction and effort, and
to the progress of Portland and the
Northwest. In this kind of gTowth and
in this degree of success there is noth
ing accidental. The result is due to in
telligent use of opportunity, to honor
able service of the public and to the
steady progress of the country.
CHARLES USSE.
Charles Linne, the founder of the
science of botany and one of the chief
glories of the Swedish nation, is better
known by his Latin name of Linnaeus.
He was born on the 12th day of May in
1707, 200 years ago. In the course of
two centuries his pioneer work has been
enlarged and in great part superseded,
but to him remains the merit of having
first divided plants into natural orders
and having defined the physiological
functions of their organs. His birth
place was the village of Roshuet, in the
province of Smaland. His father, who
was a minister, sent him to a private
school at Vexioe, but he profited little
by the formal instruction of his teach
ers. Like most men who have done
great original work in science and lit
erature, he owed more to the strong
bent of his genius than to schooling.
He was a persistent truant, devoting
his days to rambles in the fields, where
he studied flowers instead of books. And
he did well, for in books there was not
much to be learned at that time about
botany. Burckhardt, the German, had
defined the sex organs of plants and
Levaillant, the Frenchman, had pub
lished some observations upon the
stamens and pistils before Linnaeus
wrote, but otherwise little had been
done except to collect great masses of
disorganized facts. Botany before Lin
naeus was like biology before Lamarck
and Darwin.
The truant schoolboy received no en
couragement from his reverend father.
To punish his truancy he was taken out
of school and apprenticed to a shoe
maker when he was 17 years old, but
his genius was saved from extinction
by a Dr. Rothman, who befriended the
boy and lent him books. Hail to the
men who lend "books to boys. They are
benefactors of their kind and do more
good than all the Carnegie libraries in
the world. By hook and crook, by the
sheer invincibility of genius, Charles
Llnne prepared himself to enter the
university and found his way to Upsala,
the great national school of Sweden.
Here, like Samuel Johnson at Oxford.,
Llnne nearly starved. He underwent
what his French biographer calls "de
dures privations." (He solved the sys
tem of the living universe in rags and
followed the secret thoughts of God on
bread and water. But he seems to have
had a genius for friendship as well as
for science. Wherever he went some
body soon learned to love him. At Up
sala it was Celsius, the professor of
theology, who took the gifted boy to his
heart and gave him a hand on the road
to fame. Celsius, like our own Profes
sor Condon, united the love of science
with his theology. Through his kind
ness Linne was made director of the
botanical garden and presently, though
still a youth, he succeeded Celsius in
his chair.
But envy blighted his early prospects.
His colleagues pursued him with malice
so malignant that he was forced to
leave Upsala, and accepted a mission
from the Stockholm Academy of Science
to collect flowers In Finland and Dale
carlla, the home of the copper miners,
who rallied to the standard of Gustavus
Vasa and restored him to the throne of
his fathers. This employment finished,
Linnaeus was without further means of
livelihood. Like Giordano Bruno, he be
came a wanderer, visiting Denmark and
Germany and finally settling in Hol
land. Here, also, he found a powerful
friend, Boerhaven, who introduced him
to Clifford, a wealthy gardener", under
whose protection Linne dwelt for three
years and composed his epoch-making
books. Then he returned to Sweden.
His difficulties being conquered, he was
received with acclamation in his native
land. Professor Rowland, the late fa
mous American physicist, used to say
that he had to go abroad to win recog
nition at home. It was so with Linne
and with many other scientists. ' The
King and Queen now showered favors
upon him. Learned societies crowned
big work. He became professor at the
university which had driven him into
exile, and passed the last thirty-seven
years of his life in peace and happiness.
Linnaeus was the first man to classi
fy plants with reference to their organs
of sex. Premising that the stamens are
the male organs and the pistils female,
he divided flowering plants into the an
glosperms and gymnosperms, those
with a floral envelope and those with
out. Then, according to the number,
form and arrangement of their stamens,
the anglosperms fall into the great nat
ural orders, while according to the ar
rangement of the pistils the natural
orders are subdivided into the suborders
and these again with reference to the
form of their seeds, the number of
sepals, petals and so forth into genera
and species. Scientists now study
plants upon other lines and the work
of Linnaeus has been superseded; but
it was a necessary step in the 'progress
of knowledge. It served to bring sys
tem Into botany where system had
never before existed and it provided a
basis for further study. Among the
pioneers of science Ljnnaeus has a fore
most place. What Kepler did for the
planets he did for the vegetable king
dom, and, like his great compatriot
Swedenborg. he was eminent in more
than one field. The work of Linnaeus
in animal biology and In mineralogy Is
overshadowed by his botanical re
searches, but it is of high rank. His
countrymen do well to commemorate
his fame.
ORCHARD'S CREDIBILITY.
Th iiirnr who said he would not be
lieve Harry Orchard in any circum
stance probably put .the matter a little
stronger than his state of mind really
warranted. Undoubtedly he would be
lieve Orchard if there were strong cor
rnhnratlrLor evidence. The law does not
expect a Juror to believe Orchard's tes
timony unsupported. On the contrary,
it ia expressly provided that his evl-Auryr-a
chnii nnt hv itself be sufficient.
Few men would believe anything be
cause Orchard told it. Any reasonable
man would believe it if nis statement
were borne out by other evidence that
corroborated it in such a manner as to
indiontn that he had told the truth.
Any man who commits a serious crime
and confesses to it is not entitled to
full 'credit, not only because he is ad
mittedly vicious, but also because he
may have a stflsh motive in his con
fession and may for that reason tell a
falsehood. A man who confesses a
crime will very likely try to throw as
large a part of the responsibility upon
others as he can. But when his state
ment coincides with the testimony of
others, he Is entitled to some degree of
credit, the extent of which the Juror,
of course, must decide. -
When a juror says he would not be
lieve a witness In any circumstances,
he Is manifestly unfit for service in the
trial of a case. Whether he will believe
tho toKtlmnnv is a Question which the
Juror should determine after hearing It,
ana not before, ir ne manea up
mind in advance, ne is certainty unm
for Jury duty. .
WHY FARMERS ARE WILLING TO SELL.
How is it, asks an apparently sin
cere inquirer, that Oregon assures
Eastern people that farming is profit
able in Oregon and at the same time
Oregon farmers are offering their land
for sale? If farming is so profitable,
why do they want to sell? If present
owners didn't desire to sell, there would
be no opportunity for newcomers to
invest. If they do wish lo sell, is it not
an Indication that they are not making
a fair profit? These are pertinent ques
tions and may be candidly answered.
There are many circumstances which
render It entirely consistent for Ore
gon to invite Easterners to come here
and Invest in farm lands at the same
time that some Oregon farmers are of
fering to sell. But at the beginning let
us not assume too much. While there
are some farmers willing to sell out
entirely, they are comparatively few In
number. The greater number are well
satisfied to continue as tillers of the
soil, though desirous of selling part of
their holdings because their farms are
too large under modern conditions.
Those farmers' who wish to sell out en
tirely and quit agriculture are of sev
eral classes those who have become
well-to-do on the farm and are able to
retire, those who prefer some other oc
cupation and desire to Invest in some
other Industry, though maJtlng a good
profit at this, and those who have made
a failure of farming. There are some
men who make a failure of farming as
of other lines of work. That the num
ber of men who are making a failure
of farming is inconsiderably small is
evident from the rarity of farm mort
gage foreclosures. In every county in
the state men have bought farms and
have given mortgages to cover part of
the purchase price and have paid oft
the mortgages from the profits of the
farms.
Probably the greater portion of farm
land offered for sale is held by men
who desire to reduce their acreage.
They have been farming 160 to 640
acres, or even more, and have found
that they can make as much money on
smaller farms y changing their meth
ods. Hence they are willing to sell the
land they do not need. Many a large
farm contains land enough to make
half a dozen small ones. Oregon's
farming population could easily be mul
tiplied by four without a family now
on a farm quitting It and without new
homesteads- being taken. The cutting
up process accounts for much of the
sale of farm land.
Again, many a farm has unused land
wfclch in recent years has been cleared
of stumps and is coming under culti
vation. This means an increased acre
age, and the landowner who sells part
of his holdings under such circum
stances is neither selling out entirely
nor even adopting the small-farm plan.
He has practically created a new farm,
and this he has sold, or kept for him
self, and sold an equal acreage of land
he formerly cultivated.
' In addition to this, many new homes
have been made by people who have
taken Government land in Eastern and
Western Oregon in the little valleys of
the mountain ranges, on the plains or
in the irrigated districts.. Homesteads
taken years ago, but never improved,
have been offered for sale by owners
who are city residents. Then the state
has been selling landi, part of which
has gone to homeseekers, though the
bulk of it has evidently gone into the
control of speculators. Governmeit
lands suitable for homebuilding are
still to be had, and when Oregon in
vites the-'atranger to come here .there
is no necessary, inference that some
Oregon farmer is anxious to sell out.
When one looks at all these circum
stances, the natural drift of wealthy
farmers to the city, the tendency to cut
up large farms Into smaller tracts, the
clearing of new lands, the reclamation
of arid lands and the taking of home
steads on the Government domain, it
is perfectly clear that Oregon is not in
the least inconsistent when it urges
the Easterner to come here to engage
in farming. Besides, we have never
claimed that this is the greatest place
in the world to make money farming.
No comparisons of that kind have been
made. It has been shown by actual
results that agriculture in Oregon
yields profits entirely satisfactory to
those who engage in it and attractive
to those who contemplate a new loca
tion. We are making no effort to con
vince the Eastern farmer that he Is on
the way to the poorhouse so long as
he remains outside of Oregon. Perhaps
he can make as much money raising
wheat in the Dakotas or corn farther
south as he could make farming in
Oregon. But we don't believe that on
an average he can. make any more.
The special message Oregon has for
the Easterner is that he can make as
much money here as he can In the East
and get a great deal more out of life
while he is doing it. Oregon's climate
and soil give the farmer a wide range
In the choice of the branch of agricul
ture he will undertake. He is not lim
ited to grainraising, as in the Dakotas
and Minnesota. He can raise fruit,
hops and other products. Here he suf
fers from no blizzards and need fear
no cyclones. Life is enjoyable in
Oregon twelve months In the year. No
where can a man live as well for the
same amount of money. The newcomer
can make as much money farming In
Oregon as in the East and get more
for it.
A ROYAL ADDRESS.
President Patrick Calhoun, of the
United Railroads, of San Francisco, has
issued an address "To the American
People." This Is, Indeed, a condescen
sion. Usually rulers jommunicate with
their subjects through secretaries or
Ministers or Lord High Executioners.
The gracious sound of the royal voice
itself is reserved for solemn occasions.
Since Magnate Calhoun permits his own
anointed Hps to speak to us, we per
force conclude that he thinks the pres
ent contingency to.be solemn. The
frowning aspect of the front door of the
Jail has awakened his mind to profound
emotion, and in the plenitude of his love
for his loyal and docile subjects he ad
mits them humbly to participate in his
royal perturbation. Usually it beseems
the subject to receive the communica
tions of his monarch In respectful si
lence. It Is improper for him to dis
cuss them or make reply. But since the
vouchsafement of his majesty of the
United Railroads is in the nature of an
Indictment against certain persons
whom his loving subjects have been de
luded Into trusting, possibly he may not
take It amiss if some considerations are
humbly submitted in mitigation of his
wrata-
If, then, one may speak and live, it
is dutifully suggested in the first place
that Mr. Calhoun has made his address
slightly absurd by trying to Imitate too
closely the language of Zola's famous
attack upon the persecutors of Dreyfus.
Zola began each paragraph of his in
dictment with "J'accuse." Mr. Cal
houn, with astonishing lack of origin
ality in a man so versed in wily subter
fuge, starts each one off with "I
charge." Are we doomed to see our
corporation magnates become plagiar
ists as well as pirates?
The worm will turn and the poor
thing has a right to turn; tut for a
man accused of infamous conduct, with
the evidence against him dangerously
strong, to pose as a persecuted martyr
and use the language of righteous in
dignation against the officers of the law
provokes a smile. Mr. Calhoun should
remember that this is a well-worn de
vice of the criminal classes. They have
never "done nothing." They are al
ways extremely virtuous; and the' pros
ecuting officers are invariably fiendish
ly malignant:- One would be surprised
to see a person of Mr. Calhoun's in
genious subtlety taking this futile tack
were it not so common of late with per
sons of like dignity in similar plight.
The railroad presidents, when the rate
bill was under discussion, shrieked that
rebates were a forgotten nightmare of
the vanished past. They were innocent
of any such transgression. Neverthe
less before the echoes of their denial
had died away the New York Central
was convicted of rebates to the Sugar
Trust; It was proved In court "that the
sanctified Standard Oil Company had
accepted them literally by the thousand,
and only the other day one of the Minne
sota roads was haled lgnominiously
into court for the same offense. Of
course, we are all in duty bound to give
Implicit faith to the statements of our
heaven-iborn rulers, but we beg of them
in mercy not to make the duty too diffi
cult. Mr. Calhoun "charges" divers terrible
things against Mr. Heney, Mr. Rudolph
Spreckels and others; one of the worst
being that Mr. Spreckels conspired with
other persons who had not the fear of
God In their hearts to organize a street
railway company independent 'of the
sacred United Railways. If this was
not lese majeste, what was it in hea
ven's name? Has it not been foreor
dained from all eternity and perhaps
longer that the United Railways shall
enjoy a monopoly of the streets of San
Francisco and every other city on the
Pacific Coast? Mr. Spreckels may not
have Intended to commit a mortal sin
when he imprudently intruded on their
preserves; but neither did Adam intend
to bring death Into the world when he
ate the apple. The road to hell is paved
with good intentions. We join with Mr.
Calhoun In reprobating the awful deed
of Mr. Rudolph Spreckels, and we con
jure that sinful man by all he holds
sacred never again to think of building
a street railroad where it will Infringe
upon the holy privileges of the United
Railways.
Mr. Calhoun further charges that
"The District Attorney has been willing
to purchase testimony with immunity
contracts purporting to grant immunity
to self-confessed criminals." Shocking
conduct. Of course, this is the accepted
method of getting evidence against or
dinary thieves. Oftentimes the only
way to break up a gang of criminals Is
to Induce some of them to peach on
their pals. But when the pals are men
of Mr. Calhoun's social dignity and
those who peach are mere offal like
Lonergan and the rest, some method
more soothing and less vulgar should
be applied. Indeed, it is very doubtful
whether the officers of the law ought to
try at all to obtain evidence against
these exalted personages. It savors too
much of sacrilege. It is like laying pro
fane hands on the ark of the covenant.
We are confident that when men like
Mr. Calhoun have plundered the publle
of everything it possesses they will stop
plundering of their own accord: WTiy,
then, harass and worry them by these
prosecutions? Why interrupt the course
of business by such annoyances? Why
limit thrift and enterprise by such
short-sighted proceedings?
Mr. Calhoun asks from '"the Ameri
can people fair play and candid consid
eration." 'He asks them "to withhold
their Judgment freed from the bias nat
urally created by sensational charges."
Without hinting that the streetcar mag
nate is' Inflated with self-importance
and hysterical conceit, it is, perhaps,
proper to remind him that his cause is
not on trial before the American peo
ple. It is not a national issue. It is a
criminal case in the courts of Cali
fornia, and only- one among many oth
ers of the same kind. The American
people have too many other cases of
grafting on hand to pay more than pass
ing attention to Mr. Calhoun. If he is
guilty they would gladly see him go to
Jail. If he is Innocent they, of course,
congratulate him, though with some
natural surprise. But the American
people do not believe that it is any
worse for Mr. Rudolph Spreckels to
employ a corps of "hired detectives to
ferret out crime" that it is for' a street
railroad magnate to hire a corps of su
pervisors to commit crime. Nor do they
concede that It is any worse for "Mr.
Cornelius, president of the carmen's
union," to be "a leader of anarchy and
lawlessness" of one kind than it is for
the president of a corporation to be a
leader of anarchy and lawlessness of
another kind. Both are bad, and they
are equally bad. The time has passed
when a criminal on a great scale can
hypnotize the public with magnificent
phrases. It is quite likely that Mr. Cal
houn, in spite of his fine language and
righteous pose, will have to take his
chances with Ruef and Schmitz In the
Criminal Court; and he may rest as
sured that his plight will not disturb
the serenity of the Nation in the least
degree.
The promise of a rose carnival of un
surpassed magnificence is budding upon
tens of thousan&s of rose bushes in this
city. There never was a finer prospect
for roses, whether viewed from the
standpoint of "beauty, or variety or
abundance, . than now. It is manifest
that to reaiize perfection in roses, dis
budding must begin at once. It is sim
ply beyond the power of Nature herself
to bring to perfection ot bloom all of
the roses that are in bud. We are to
have a rose carnival. Let us have per
fection as well as a symphony of color
and of fragrance in this carnival that
will surpass even the vivid imagination
of Elizabeth Stuart Phelps-Ward as re
flected in her word picture of the de
lights that await recognition "Beyond
the Gates."
The young Prince of the. Asturias
was baptized with solemn pomp In the
private chapel of the royal palace at
Madrid yesterday at high noon. The
ceremony was grandly impressive. It
committed this Infant son of His Most
Catholic Majesty Alfonso XIII of Spain
to the church and Its dogmas with
pomp and solemnity in which a people
born and bred to ecclesiasticism delight
and which those bred to independent
religious thought can but dimly com
prehend. Mr. and Mrs. E. C. Protzman of this
city, mourn in the sudden .death of
Margaret Protzman, a daughter of
amiable, affectionate disposition and a
young life full of promise. Miss
Protzman was a teacher in Couch
school, and had been absent from her
class less than a week when her death
occurred. The community suffers with
her parents a grievous loss in her un
timely death.
While an occasional case of spinal
meningitis is reported, it Is evident
that 'the hold of this disease upon this
community has been broken. -A guest
mysterious and unbidden, this scourge
appears without warning and disap
pears without its departure, so far as is
known, having been hastened by the
challenge of medical science.
The Coreys having left the country,
it Is difficult to understand why Provi
dence should longer afflict the land
with green bugs, grasshoppers, cater
pillars and other pests. It must be
admitted that the country deserved
some scourging, but there should be
reason for it no longer.
Many or the "show" places of Ore
gon are off lines of travel and miss be
ing seen by tourists. At Skull Springs,
fifty miles southwest of "Vale, in Mal
heur County, there is a shearing plant
at which over 300,000 sheep will be
shorn this season.
When the Presbyterian general as
sembly condemns the Sunday news
paper, it censures 99 per cent of its
membership. A resolution against the
Sunday breakfast would be equally ef
fective. . Eugene Schmitz, late business asso
ciate of Abraham Ruef, is reported to
be a physical wreck. And it may be
added, politically and morally he isn't
in first-class shape.
A public utilities corporation that
spends its revenues in legitimate ways
seldom needs to retrench in improve
ments and wages in a time of unparal
leled prosperity.
The advantages and attractions of
Honduras as a place of residence have,
we suppose, not escaped the notice of
various San Francisco magnates.
Readers of "Mr. Dooley" will be glad
to learn that he has recovered his
health, as evidenced by a characteristic
letter on page 42 bf this issue.
Ruef says Schmitz received stolen
goods; Schmitz calls Ruef a liar. When
certain professionals fall dut, ordinary
citizens get their dues.
Mortgagees press poor old Judge
Marquam for $2100 court costs. Doesn't
$800,000 profit on that foreclosure satisfy
their Inordinate greed?
"Mr statement was made under
oath, says Ruef, "and can be depended
on." No gentleman would make a false
statement under oath.
General Kurokl has expressed prefer
ence for American brunettes. Perhaps
he is excusable; he hasn't seen Lillian
Russell. "
Despite the recent famous interview,
opinion seems to be divided as to
whether Orchard is a peach or a lemon.
Once more Portland leads all cities
in- increase of bank clearances. Seattle
and Los Angeles papers please copy.
In protesting his innocence, isn't
Mayor Schmitz putting up a feeble
bluff that Heney will call?
This World.
Baltimore Sun.
Lots of people growling all the time about
the world;
It doesn't seem to suit 'em and It keeps
their tempers churled:
But when It comes to summing and to
counting up the bliss
It's mighty hard to find, another world as
good as this.
SYMPOSIUM OF CURRENT STATE TOPICS
Proapects for New Summer Resorts o the Oo" Flararlaa: the Fees of
the Secretary ot State Conductor Conser's Tender Heart One Way to
Get Around the Fuel Fsmln Text-Book Dealers Have Few Griev
ance Identifications In the Army Tramping- Through the Mountains.
CONSTRUCTION of new railroads to
the Coast, reaching salt water at
Coos Bay, Siuslaw. Tillamook and
Nehalem. will afford many opportunities
for far-sighted men to make good money
by establishing new Summer resorts.
While there is no particular fault to be
found with the Summer resorts already
well known along the Oregon Coast,
growing population and Improved trans
portation will create a much larger Sum
mer travel and supply patronage for a
number of additional recreation places
at the beaches. To determine in advance
which points offer the largest possibili
ties In the way of atractlveness, to get
control of the tracts of land that will
be inevitably needed for hotels, business
houses and residences, and to advertise
the new resorts, are the problems con
fronting those who are studying the Sum
mer resort situation. The new railroad- to
Tillamook Bay is expected to open up a
large Summer travel to that part of the
Coast, especially since the trip to Tilla
mook, It is believed, will require consid
erably less time than the trip to Seaside.
The over-Sunday visitor to the beach,
going down Saturday afternoon and re
turning late Sunday night or Monday
morning, would find the saving of an
hour or two on the road a very impor
tant consideration. To the residents of
Portland the founding of a resort at
Tillamook will be of special interest. If,
as has been often suggested, a road
should be constructed from Sheridan
through the Grand Rondo gap to Tilla
mook, the latter point would be con
venient for residents of the central part
of the Willamette Valley also. Comple
tion of the Falls City, Dallas & Salem
road to Yaquina Bay, in addition to a
road from that part of the Valley to
Tillamook, would give the people of
Marion, Polk and Yamhill counties close
connection with two important Coast
points. An electric line now seems as
sured between Roseburg and Coos Bay
and "there Is a movement on foot fpr the
construction of a similar line from Eu
gene to Siuslaw. A road is projected, too,
down the Coast to Elk Creek and Cannon
Beach, already well-known as beautiful
resorts, but little patronized because of
the lack of transportation facilities.
With all these lines building or in con
templation, there Is abundant oppor
tunity for the speculator to figure upon
the relative advantages of particular lo
calities which might be made into at
tractive places. It is said that a syndi
cate of San Francisco capitalists has
bought a large tract on Tillamook Bay.
including all of the spit between the bay
and the ocean, and contemplates expend
ing an Immense amount of money In
making It the great Summer resort of the
Oregon Coast. If the promoters have hit
upon the right location they will stand
a good chance to make a large profit on
the venture, but not to the exclusion of
other promoters of other resorts. What
constitutes a best location Is a matter
upon which opinions differ widely and so
long as they do differ there will be op
portunity for the successful establish
ment of many resorts. But those who
desire to make fortunes out of Summer
resort property will need to choose loca
tions ahead of Tailroad building.
OREGON'S flat salary law has now
been in force four months, hav
ing taken effect at the first of the
year. At that time it became the duty
of all state officers to turn into the
treasury all fees theretofore collected
and retained by them, and this require
ment they have observed. But the only
officer who has been turning any fees
into the treasury is the Secretary of
State. During the four months he paid
to the Treasurer $4658.60 In fees
which were retained by the Secretary
before the flat salary law went into ef
fect. If the same rate should prevail
throughout the year the total fees
would amount to about $14,000. But
since the Insurance companies pay
their annual license fees early in the
year and the bulk of the Income from
this source comes in the first four
months, it' is scarcely probable that
the same rate will be maintained
through the year. It Is more likely
that in the remaining eight months the
fees will but little exceed the receipts
for the first four months, making the
total for the year about $10,000. In
addition to fees to this amount, the
Secretary of State has heretofore re
ceived compensation to the amount of
$1350 a year for serving on various
state boards and a profit of about
$1000 a year on copying the session
laws and Journals. These Items, to
gether with his constitutional salary
of $1500, made a total of about $13,850
a year. Now the Secretary is on a
flat salary of $4500 a year; all the
other fees and perquisites have been
cut off, effecting a saving of about
$9350 a year from that office. While
these figures are only approximations,
they are as near correct as it is possi
ble to compute them from sources of
Information now available. The State
Treasurer has heretofore collected a
fee as custodian of securities deposited
by insurance companies, but this is
not collected until the end of the year,
so , there will be nothing from that
source until November or December.
The law requiring the Treasurer to
loan the surplus public funds has not
gone into effect yet and there will be
little information available this year
upon which to base an opinion as to
the revenue from that source. Appar
ently the net result of the fiat salary
law has been, however, a saving of
about $9350 a year, as shown above.
CONDUCTOR FURNELL, of the South
ern Pacific, is a tender-hearted man,
but' not sufficiently tender-hearted to get
caught by conscienceless people who try
to play upon the sympathies of a railroad
conductor. And a conductor is almost
dally subjected to some plea from either
an unfortunate or a crook who desires to
ride from one station to another without
paying fare. Probably no other class of
persons hears so many pathetic stories as
a railroad ticket-taker, and In his many
years of service Furnell has heard his
share. But he has become a pretty good
Judge of human nature, and he hardens
his heart at the right time to save his
pocketbook. He has never been "caught."
A short time ago a young man and woman
got on the north-bound evening train at
Aurora and the man handed up two tick
ets to Oregon City. Then he followed Fur
nell to the rear of the car and explained
that he was bound for Portland, that he
had paid his last cent for tickets to Ore
gon City, that he was a stranger In that
piace, out had friends In Pnrtl.nrf mnA
that he would be stranded If dropped off
at me rails, would the conductor let
him and his newly married wif rM nn
to Portland and trust him to pay the fare
tne next day. Fernell asked a question or
two, sized the man ud. then oiH v,tm k.
he couldn't let him ride free, but would
buy him some tickets. At Oregon City
Furnell went to the ticket office, bought
the two slips of cardboard, and when he
handed them to the young husband he
felt sure from the look of relief that
passed over his countenance that no mis
take had been made. The price of the
tickets was left at the Union Depot for
him next day. And doubtless the -bride
will never know that she married a man
so completely "broke" and that she cam
near having to walk more than half the
length of her wedding trip.
UCH a fuel famine as that with
O which Oregon Is now threatened Is
iiKeiy to place some limitations upon
the old saying that a successful wood
chopper must be a man with a strong
muscle and a weak mind. The man
who has made the greatest success as
a woodchopper this year was he who
had strong enough mind to foresee the
scarcity and therefore cut the largest
supply. Many a man has been expend
ing his muscle on other work when ha
could have made more money chopping
wood had he realized the scarcity that
would certainly exist, and while mus
cle Is still the most important essen
tial it la not by any means all. go
far as chopping for wages Is concerned,
those who did not chop probably exer
cised the best Judgment, for the pay
of woodchoppers. has not kept pace,
with the pay of other forma of labor
and with the price of wood. But labor
has been eo scarce this year that men
could have cut wood on shares of cut
It on a Atumpago agreement, giving the
owner a Hen to secure him. By that
means they could have profited by the
high price of fuel this Bummer. Thf
fuel shortage exists not only la Port
land but throughout the State, and it
will be seriously felt this Fall. Many
a farmer will find his wood lot his
greatest source of income this year
and his chief regret will be that he
did not farm less and cut wood more.
DEALERS In public scTiool text
books have planned to meet at the
same time and place as the State Text
book Commission. At that time, June
8, all the leading text-book publishers
in the United States will have their
representatives in Oregon seeking to
have their books adopted by the Com
mission, and they will be submitting
bids which will contain their prices.
And this is where the dealers are In
terested. They assert that the pub
lishers do not allow them a sufficient
margin of profit, and if the matter of
prices has anything to do with it they
want the publishers to take that into
consideration. At any rate, the deal
ers will get together at the same time
that they have ths representatives of
the publishers together, and see if
they cannot arrive at some agreement
that will give them a larger share of
the profits. They are now getting 12H
per cent, which would not be so bad
were it not for the fact that publishers
quote a copy-book at 6 cents and the
dealer has to sell It for 5, becanse the
child brings no extra penny. And
other prices are made in such a way
that the dealer must either lose money
on some or be set down by his cus
tomers as "small." The dealer loses
all the bad credits, pays the taxes and
store rent, and shoulders the blame for
the cost of school books. At least, the
irate parent voices his complaint to
the dealer and the dealer can listen or
not as he likes. Whether the dealers
will try coercive methods is not known,
but they will be present in a numerous
body when the Text-Book Commission
meets some two weeks hence.
ARMT authorities have recently es
tablished at FortStevens a. more
complete system of records for Identi
fication, according to Astoria papers.
The usual measurements are to be
taken, scars and marks noted and pho
tographs secured. In addition, finger
prints will be taken hereafter as a
final and surest method of identifica
tion. Printers' Ink will be spread upon
a smooth steel plate, the thumb and
fingers pressed upon the ink and then
an impression made upon a sheet of
white paper. As no two men make the
same Imprint an identification of this
kind will be absolutely certain. Ordi
narily the army authorities are not
particular in their search for deser
ters and this precaution is not for use
in ordinary cases. A man who will de
sert Is usually a detriment to an army.
But in extraordinary cases it is essen
tial that the- identification of a man
charged with an offense be complete.
It is sometimes desirable, too, to iden
tify a man who is not charged with
crime. If a soldier should be killed In
battle and his head torn off he could
be Identified If one thumb could be
found and enough were known as to his
regiment or company to enable the
survivors to compare the thumb prints
With the proper records.
LONG tramps through the moun
tains for a Summer vacation are
to the liking of C. A. Malbouf of the
Southern Pacific freight department,
and he will take such a tramp this
year as he has a number of times be
fore. Sometimes he walks alone and
sometimes with a companion. He
takes a trip of 200 to 300 miles, sleep-,
ing out in the open air" wherever night
overtakes him, eating where he can
and changing his course ,to suit his
pleasure. He is hampered by no lug
gage, has no horse to feed and no auto
mobile to get out of order. He walks
25 to 30 miles a day, wears off his soft
flesh, hardens his muscle, builds up an
appetite, gets a very Intimate ac
quaintance with the cpuntry he trav
erses, and enjoys It as much as any
young man enjoys a vacation lounging
around a Summer resort. He thinks
this, all things considered, the best
way to take a vacation, and he will
continue it every summer.
Speaker Casses's "Pokes Oarar.
Kansas City Star.
Among other objections to Speaker
Cannon, he wears his cigar at an angle
that ought to be prohibited anywhere
except in a poker game.