THB SUNDAY OREGOMAX, PORTLAND, JANXART 6, 1907.
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Blue Grass Kentucky Colonel Starts
on Enterprise oiv Purely a Commercial Basis
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States, and he sells it for one dollar a water might be established, the sealing
AKENTirCKIAX, a real Blue Grass
Colonel, engaged in the business
of shipping water into the
TTfiitea StLtea. Shades ot old Bourbon,
perish the thought. Tet it fa a fact.
Kentucky is the last place In which
nucti a. venture mlsrht bo. expected to
take ts -inception. The reputation of
'the oia commonwealth lias been made
on beverages differing- radically from
-tile familiar aqua pura we all know.
This alone would make the enter-
trlae ff Colonel Clifford E. Nadaud re-
markable, but there are other features
tht add to ins marvel.
The water that Colonel Nadaua will
Mil t6 the land of Undo Sam must
make a. journey from the other side of
the world, from far off Jerusalem. It
comca from a country wlilct) j5 Bq far
Vfili!nd the rest of the world that it has
no cak in which water could be
tored, no wagons to rfo the hauling to
the nearest eeaport, TP miles flWy(
Yet all obstacles have been overcome.
tlie vonture la a BUccesn, and soon tile
rlevout of the United States can have
rr purposes ot religious, worship
water shipped directly from the River
Jordan, from the spot. In fact, where
the great founder of the Chrlstiun re
ligion received his baptism.
The sacredness of the waters of the
river that has flowed for centuries
from its source at Banlas to the Dead
a. has passed Into a tradition.
Thousands of devout Christiana, from
all parts of the world, yearly make tiie
Pilgrimage to the Jordan to receive the
blessing that is believed to come from
bathing- there.
Many of these take away filled hot
ties to give to relatives, friends and
officers or the cliurch at home, so that
thy. too, may share the blessing.
Now the enterprise .of Colonel TCa
daud makes this pilgrimage unneces-
iary. He brines the river to the very
ioor of the faithful in . the United
0-al Ion.
The whole project Is almost without
a parallel. It Is a startling union of
the prictical and devout. The inoeptor
of the movement regards tt purely as
a commercial enterprise. yet xnany
worshipers will Iook upon Tiim aa a
bonefactor.
Colonel Nadaud he s:ts his title from
the fact that he is a Colonel on the
Governor's staff first got His idea when
he saw visitors to the Jordan carrying
away the water in bottles and other
vessels. - -
He planned Immediately to ship it to
the United States In bulk, but even the
most casual investigation disclosed in
numerable difficulties in the way.
He began by forming the "Interna
tional River Jordan Water Company."
Next he went to the Turkish authorities
at Constantinople and outlined his
scheme. These had no objection to the
removal of the water, but -pointed out
that the number of obstacles would, make
the plan commercially in feasible.
In nowise discouraged the doughty Col
onel went to the scene of operations to
study the local conditions.
From the Jordan to the nearest sea-
coast port at Jaffa is 70 miles, and to
make the journey the mountains of Judca
have to be crossed. These are about
2600 feet above the level of the Mediter
ranean and 3800 feet hig-her than the
Jordan Itself.
Of Itself t
taken in cor
transportatloi
was presented. The lack of casks was
remedied by bringing- wood from Asia
Minor and making suitable jvessels in
which to carry the water. To "supply the
agons special trucks were built
Of Itself this would mean- little, but
taken in connection with the primitive
transportation facilities a serious problem
lack of w
This met the first needs. The next thins
to be considered was the installation or
such sanitary method3--a8 would make it
possible to guarantee the absolute purity
of the water at the. end of its long;
Journey.
Guaraing Against Impurities.
Here the natural conditions helped.
The Jordan is one of the purest of rivers.
In Its entire length of W miiea H has
not one source of pollution. There la
no village or settlement along Its shores.
The natives drink from the river at any
point, and the draught is as perfect as
water can be. Assured that the water
was all right, it only remained to cleanse
the vessels scientifically.
The 53 casks comprising the first ship
menta bulk of about" 32 tons of Jordan
water were first cleansed with cofd wa
ter, then hot, then steam and soda.
As a final precaution a disinfectant
was sent through every cask to make
it term proof.
The water for shipment was taken from
the place that tradition assigns as the
snot where John baptized the Savior. It
was first placed in large vessels to settle
and boiled in large cauldrons to insure
the death of any live matter that might
exist there.
Then so that the authenticity of the
of the casks was made an elaborate pub
lic function.
Each of the 55 casks was sealed by seal
of the American Consulate of Jerusalem:
by seal of the Convent of St. John, near
the Jordan; by Turkish atamn, and. by
seal of the Turkish Governor of the
Jericho and Jordan District.
This was done In the presence of Mr. A.
Thomas Gelat. interpreter of the Ameri
can Consulate; of Father Maxlmos,
Superior of the Convent of St. John, near
the Jordan, representing His Beautltude,
Damlanos, Patriarch of the Holy city of
Jerusalem; of Hon, All Rlza, Turkish
Governor of the Jericho and Jordan
TJistrict. and of Colonel Clifford X- Na
daud. president of the International River
Jordan "W ater Company,
In confirmation of above. Colonel Na
daud will receive a certificate from Hon.
Selah Merrill, United States Consul
to Jerusalem; from His Beatitude Da-
mlanos. Patriarch of Jerusalem, and from
Father Maxlmos of St. John's, near the
Jordan; also from Hon. All Rlsft. Gov-
ernor or the Jericho and Jordan District.
Incongruous Combination.
Perhaps not in Its storied historv had
the River. Jordan seen such a nrange
spectacle such an incongruous combina-
- Wsvr.0Z2w
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casks cpSMrts ormai
cK&ZZZAAr !U3yy7V2 c5Wy2iVr
ant Lynch, who first eave the world a
knowlc of the course of the river dur
ing the season of flood.
Lynch was sent .out ty the vnitci
States Government in.lSoO. and traversed
Jordan ov-r!- Its entire length, from
."v t - 1 iris?? kl 4sO
mrmy or water
I tion of Old World simplicity and Xftw
World enterprise.
Over the group waved Turkish, and
American flags, symbols of the nation
farthest behind and most ahead In the
trt iHrch of civilisation. The chief of the
enterprise wore his Kentucky Colonel's
fatigue uniform. Seven races were ren.
resented In - the aroup Turks" soldiers
were, sent to Nadaud. an exceptional
courtesy, for his protection and assist
ance during his stay Arab, Greek. Egyp
tian. Syrian. Bedouin and American.
A caravan, under guard of Turkish sol
diers, took the first shipment of water to
Jerusalem. Next It went by rail to Jaffa,
the seaport, and thence to New York.
Xurina a., points of the Journey, the
proper authorities attested the genuine
ness of the water, and will continue to do
so In the case of every future shipment.
It Is the present plan of Colonel Na-
daud to dispatch a cargo of water to the
United States weekly. He la assured that
the demand will be great enough to war
rant this supply.
There Is an element of the appropriate
that It should be an American who first
puts Into the execution the plan of carry
lug; the holiest water In the world to the
youngest of the great countries In which
the religion of the great Kazarene U
practiced. Tt was an American. I-leuten-
head waters m the
Lebanon
lain? to Its moutti in tlie Pcaa sea. An
Englishman, Lieutenant Molyneux. had
explored the Jordan In the dry oan.
and the discoveries of the two form the
basis for modern maps.
watpr. even after making the long jour-
nr'- to the United States, but as" it is n
stined for baptismal purpoae. there will
be no occasion to put Its purity to the
filial test.
It Is expected that every' denomination
or the Christian religion will have one
votaries who will wish to be blessed in
the waters of the venerable river, storied
In Bible history". . ;
Colonel Nadaud has had the watrr of
the Jordan examined by experts, who as
sure him that it would be safe drinking
OLD-TIMEHORSES. .
I'-ofsiI Itcmains One Million Years
Old on Exhibition.
ew Haven Dispatch to New York: Sun.
All exhibition ot the oldest horses in
the world is soon to be opened at Yale.
Six liorees. boasting some of them mil
lions of years to their credit, will take
part in the exhibition.
The sDeclmeM.wera collected for tlie
Yae-Peabody Museum by the late Pro
fessor Othniel C. Marsh 30 years ago. out
were not mounted. Recently, Professor
OlmrlM Sehtii'hert. curator of the muse-
urn. decided to restore the specimens and
put them on exhibition, thereby showing
the development of the present-day horse
through six jeolouieal rjerloik
There are to be more than 100 exhibits
in the collection, and these will ntiow the
development of the horse from a smell
animal, the size of the domesticated cat,
up to the present-day drayhorso. To the.
scientists one of the most interesting
parts of the collection will be the front
feet of the honse, which show the gradual
disappearance of three toes from the
early eohlppus. which had four toep. A
collection or leg bones showing this devel
opment ha been on- exhibition at the
Peabody Museum for many years, and it
is said that it waa on seeing this collec
tion that the late Professor Huxley
changed the view that he had previously
held that the horse llrst came from Asia.
Professor Huxley visited Yale in the '705.
In the collection are many specimens
of teeth, varying from lens than half an
Inch to several Inches long. Xhe short
crowned teeth were possessed by the
earlier animals that lived In the row
and fed on the barks of trees, while the
scientists say the teeth lengthened after
the horse left the primeval forest and
began to wander over the plains and eat
grass.
Most of tlie specimens of this collection
were gathered from the Bad lands of '
the West by Profennor Marsh nearly half
century ago. When mounted and ar
ranged Yale will have the most com-
plete horse show In the -world.
WHAT THE. REFORMATION OF A BOY COSTS
In the New York Juvenile Asylum the Expense Is
$206 a Year and the Money Is Well Invested.
T COSTS til mi to ttrniaUW
I Into a rood citizen. At 1a 4
tlie latest figure reported oy the Kew
Tors; Juvenile Asylum. - which, for more
thatl halt Si Century, has been engagod
In the work of transforming street urchins
of the metropolis into. Mlf-reepectlng men.
The price of reformation, like the price
Of almost everything else. .Is golne up. a
few years ago the youmr vagrant or
petty thief or all-round rogue who was
sent to the asylum cost H30 annually for
clothing:, food, lodging ftnd the education
by which he was polished up mentally
and morally :But times have -changed.
Reform was cheaper then:' because meth-
ods vers different uni less efficient. Not
many years ago Juvenile delinquents
were huddled together Ilka- troops in bar
racks. . That was .under the congregate
Idea. At one time when the asylum occu
pied a buildinjr In the city lino lads warn
sheltered under one roof..' Now only 20
hoys, and boys all about the same age,
live in one ot the 15 cottages or families
that comprise the little village on the
helirhts between Chauncey; and. 13oblM
T"Vrry. so mo 20 miles out Ui the .country.
This Is the scgrcgats Idea, which overs'
bettor , opportunities for. - th? 1 .constant
sliKly of each Individual ca-te, and.whkh
Is as different from the old method 'as
the comfortable home is from" the white-'
washed county Jail. The npmber ot chil
dren at Chauncey Is now 320. v.- ' '
Keformatlon on m. Business . Basis.
Reformation in these days Is conducted
on a business basis. Tho authorities of
the Juvenile Asylum can tell almost to a
. cent what it costs' to make a boy into a
food citizen. Of the $-"06 the boy costs
y the asylum each year, iH5 Is contributed
by the city, for with few exception! the
asylum boys are committed by the1 city
authorities acting through the children
court. The balance of the cont of making
an honest man Is contributed by the direc
tors of the asylum and other friends- and
companions of the bad Doys, who. sociolo
gists have discovered, Is more sinned
against than sinning. Since the asylum
was founded, the tJlty of New York has
invested in this work, of reformation
about JU32.WO, a sum many times less
than the city has paid out in the same
period for policemen, court officers and
Jail wardens. In the same half century,
private contributions to thUs work in tlie
promotion of good citizenship have asgre-
ft-ated $3,600,000. Thus nearly 7.000.000 has
been spent on bad boys in one city In 50
years, and In the past few years the an
nual coist per boy haa Increased about $75.
Does It pay? The Juvenile Asylum
people, who conduct the work of refor
mation on business principles, have fig--
nres to show that the work is prontabla.
The boys who graduate from the asylum
are generally sent to homes in the West
and It is known that 85 per cent of these
boys turn out well. A visitor now In
the field has recently reported favorably
Oti .92 per, cent of the children visited, but
tl48 is' a 'utile better than the average.
The-questlon. Docs It pay? finds its answer-in
numerous life histories which
are brought to the attention or the asy
lum authorities. A tew days ago thev
received a letter from a business man In
an Iowa town, who announced his election
to the of lice of County Recorder. He
wrort'that he hoped the asylum officers
would be Interested to hear about him
because they had sent litm to Iowa In
I 7. Moat of all," he wrote. "I remem
ber thoss words or Abraham Uncoln
which greeted me In the assembly-room I Asylum that they must value justice.
Tell the boys of the New York Juvenile I truth and humanity if they wish to bo-
SOCCESSJ XT T '
" ""UWE
Ytfl ' f 1 IfM! life'"
come useful and honorable men. I have j
often thought of those words. I have
tried to live up to them as Lincoln wished .
asks the experienced and sympathetic
superintendent.
So one of tho first experiences of the
newcomer at Chauncey is that of beingr
U3 to do. ,1 wisn the boys wtio leave Dut k f60j Pi,y3ioai condition, and to
THE At. COST OF AKFOICMINO BAD BOYS IS fSCWVEAffSi, BIT THE BE-
SILTS MORE THA- JUSTUT THE tXriSSE.
the asylum would never forget them. Tell
them to come "West."
. Like all other business men, the au-
tlioritlcs of tlie Juvenile Asylum stujly
carefully the raw material from which
they make the finished product, that of
good citizenship. Close study of the bad
boy problem reveals the fart that the de-
Hnquent haJed to the children's court is
largely the victim of circumstances in
this country sometimes a very young vic
tim, for American courts can brand a
child a criminal at the ago of S. In tr.
many the criminal age begins between the
12th and lftth years, in Austria at the end
of the 14th year, and in Rn gland at the
end of the 16th, in this city- only boys
under 1ft are st-nt' to reformatories. A
boy a day over 1G may be sent to jail for
stealing a street railway transfer check.
while a boy a day under lt may commit
grand larceny and be sent to the asylum
to rfpent and reform. Judpres agree that
this system is working considerable harm
to youthful delinquents, and the study of
the question made by those interested In
the work of reform will undoubtedly lead
to better things.
In the study of the raw material for
food citizenship, attention la paid to de
tail wfcicft might at first seem to be
trivial. The experts in boy training, for
example, understand the relationship of
teeth to morality. Ninety-four per cent
of the children sent to the Juvenile Asy
lum have defective teeth, and a large pro.
portion suffer from eye and skin trou
bles. How could they be expected to act
normally under the circumstances?"
many of these boys the experience is a
decided novelty. And as soon -.
youngster begins to feel HKe a normal.
healtny boy, life Bchooim be&ms, and
if he is old enough he spends some of
his time in one of the shops where
trades are taught.
AYhat Constitutes a Bad Boy.
The Juvenile Asylum authorities and
people engaged In similar work have
been trying- to find a correct answer -to
the Question, What Is a bad hoy? Most
of the boys committed by the children's
court are classed as ungovernable,
which means in nine cases . out of ten
that they have been playing hookey.
Boys who play truant to go swlmmlnif.
boys who chase a circus out 6f town,
hoys who try to run away to sea all
these come under the head of ungov-
ernablc. though the specialist knows
that such delinquency is in the blood
and must come out and does not neces
sarily make a boy bad. In fact, the
man who ctudien boys has an abiding
faith in the ultlrriHto goodness of the
average bad boy. The specialist knows
from the returns In thousands of cases
that as a general ruie the youngster
will walk: straight after getting the
rlg-ht directions. Too often he cannot
ret these at home and a stumble bring;
him to court.
W.hile the price of malting grood boys
and men out ot wayward youngsters
has gone up because of tho new system
ot surrounding; them with home Influ
ences, tho directors and friends of the
Juvenile Asylum and the city authori
ties as well are reconciled to the-
change. Tht y believe in the new idea
so nrmly th'Ht they are planning to
build more cottages where the boys
may live In pleasant home surround-
tngs. Those men have the utmost,
f a ItU n the method which separates,
one type of young offender from hii-
other, and brings out Individual merits
by discovering and removing Individ-
ual defeats. I'arents of wayward-boys
are coming to havo the same faith, too.
for in some cases they contribute to
tlio boy?' support according to their
needs., which is a point the court de
termines, the assessments rang In g
from BO contn to $2 a week. There
aro a few Instances where well-to-do
parents pay the full price, and would
frladly pay. any price to have their
chl ldrera subjected to the business -11 Ue
method of -reformation followed at
Chauncey, But the asylum prefers to
take tho children of the less fortunate.
who compose the bulk of prisoners in
children's courts today, and who. ht
cordina; to tho Chauncey Idea, will, in
elglit or nine cases out of ten, become
useful and honorable men if they can
be given a new start and a fair chance.
New York CMty, Doc. 27.
AVie Dog and a Stick.
Philadelphia Record.
Professor Wilhelm Wundt, the fam-
ous German psycliologiat, Wis of
teaching a dog to jump over a stick. One
day the professor commanded his dog
to Jump, but held out no stick. At
first the dog seemed surprised, and on
repeated ordering to Jop he barked.
At last ho sprang Into th air and
barked very vigorously, as if to com
plain of the absurd and ridiculous com-
inaiul to jump when no stick was held
out.
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