48
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAX. PORTLAND. JTTLY S, 190.
umsm
mum
At the Government Station, Fort
Collins, Colorado, They Are Developing a Pure
American Type-
I
DENVER, Colo., July 2. (Special
Correspondence of The Sunday
Oregonlan.) When President
Roosevelt visited Colorado a few
months ago he called attention to the
Importance of the Government horse
breeding station recently established
at Fort Collins.
At this experiment station, under
the charge of Dean W. L Carlyle, of
the Colorado State Agricultural Col
lege at Fort Collins, the Government
hopes to develop the ideal American
carriage horse. The great stallion, Car
mon, formerly Thomas W. Law-son's
Glorious Thundercloud, has been selected
as the head of the stud. This great horse,
after the mature deliberation of a com
mittee of experts, was selected as being
the nearest to the ideal type of horse
which It Js proposed to develop. There
are 19 mares, all of high breeding, and
selected with the same ear that marked
the selection of Carmon, and it is hoped
by proper care and . selection to develop
a style of horse that will be typically
American and that will have all the at
tributes of action, style in rest, endur
ance, lung capacity and power.
The horse breeding experiment station
has been established only about a year
and a half. There are thirteen colts run
ning about the great pasture and these
show all the markings and characteris
tics of the highest bred type of horse
flesh. It is not expected to develop the
ideal American horse at once, however.
If a satisfactory type is developed in 20
years, or in the course of a generation,
the scientists who are making this im
portant experiment in evolution will be
more than satisfied. It is realized that
the work must be slow, and that years
must elapse before success can crown
the work. Everything depends on the
start, however, and it is gratifying to
learn that the leading horsemen of the
country commend the beginning that has
been made by the Government, and have
every faith in the type of horse to be
developed from the mighty Carmon and
the brood mares that now form the
nucleus of the Government stud.
The Men in Charge.
Not a move has been made in this im
portant work without the most mature
deliberation. A. D. Melvin, chief of the
Bureau of Animal Industry at Washing
ton, hns been in touch with the work
from the outset, the experiment being
directly under his department. Prof.
Carlyle. who was In active charge of the
work, is one of the recognised horse ex
perts of the world. Before coming to
Colorado, Prof. Carlyle was associated
with the University of Wisconsin, where
he established a reputation as a horse
expert. Prof. Carlyle is now in Europe,
where he will remain several months,
studying types of horses and gteanfcig in
formation that can be applied to the
work at Fort Collins. He has the assist
ance of Prof. Walter H. Olin, professor
of agronomy at Fort Collins, and of
James Hutton. the groomsman In charge
of the Government stud. Mr. Hutton
was secured from the University of Wis
consin, and he is regarded as one of the
few men in the country capable of as
suming active charge of Carmon and the
great show mares that make up the
Government stud.
Environment Conducive to strength.
Even the selection of Fort Collins as
the site of the experiment was the re
sult of careful calculation of experts.
Scientists have found that the plains
of Colorado, stretching east from the
Rocky Mountains, formed the natural
home of the horse in this country. The
late W. C. Whitney equipped an ex
pedition to find traces of the first horse
In this country, and the bones of the
celebrated three-toed, pigmy horse
were unearthed near Julesburg, Colo.,
showing that the plains saw the earli
est development of man's best friend.
Not only does the dry, crisp air, at the
Colorado altitudes, give horses great
lung capacity and power, but the ab
sence of moisture tends to make a
more solid bone formation. The cow
ponies of the Western range are the
hardiest horses of their size in the
world. Their great lung capacity and
their solid bones combine to make
them ideal for endurance. They are
chosen above all others for the game
of polo, which game requires a high
degree of the qualities mentioned.
These facts decided the Government
experts to select Colorado as the breeding-ground
of the American horse, and
the hardy condition of the animals at
Fort Collins would indicate that the
choice was a wise one. The mares
o colts are given the freedom of a
MO-acre pasture, which contains a
small lake, fed by an exhaustless
spring of the purest water. This pas
ture contains the finest native range
grass, and there Is a "hogback" for
Bttelter against severe winds. Here,
among all environments that would
tend to sturdiest, healthiest growth,
the little band, from which the horse
of the future will be developed, roams
at will.
The Government stable is part of
the Colorado State Agricultural Col
lege, which, under the direction of
Professor L. G. Carpenter, has become
one of the most successful Institutions
of Its kind. Like all the buildings at
this remarkable Institution, the stable
M
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It Is Hoped That This Horse
Will Combine All the Attributes of Style, Action
and Beauty.
'J2
TH COLTS
AT THE
GovzmriENT
is large and commodious. There is an
exercising track in front, where Car
mon and the rest of the Government
horses are put through their paces by
Mr. Hutton.
The Sire Almost a Gift.
The selection of Carmon was the re
sult of a careful search by a commit
tee, consisting of Professor George M.
Rommel, of the Bureau of Animal In
dustry at Washington; Professor C. F.
Curtis, of Iowa; Professor Carlyle, of
Colorado, and Mr. Tichenor, of Chicago,
the latter being a famous horse-owner
and expert. The most promising stal
lions in the country were examined
and their merits were carefully
weighed by this committee. It was
unanimously decided that Carmon was
the best animal to put at the head of,
the Government stud, and this noble
animal was purchased from Mr. Tiche
nor, the purchase price, 5000, being
regarded as so low that Carmon was
virtually a gift to the Government.
Carman's career Is Interesting. He
is of the Morgan strain which strain
it Is desired to perpetuate in the horse
of the future and Is a bright bay with
solid black points. He was sired by
Carnagie. dam Monitor Maid, and, un
der the name of Glorious Thunder
cloud, has captured prizes at numerous
great horse shows in the East and
West. Thomas W. Lawson. whose fad
for coach horses Is well known, at one
time owned Glorious Thundercloud.
The great stallion was the center of
interest in Mr. Lawson's celebrated
team of coach horses a few years ago.
After being sold by Mr. Lawson, the
name of the stallion was changed to
Carmon, by which name he now goes.
Carmon Is regarded as the nearest
approach to the ideal horse. He has
style and beauty in every move, and
his action is superb. In "every way he
Is regarded as a fitting horse from
which to develop a flawless progeny.
The mares in the Government pas
ture are without pedigrees, but all are
great show mares. Some of the better
known among them are Martha Wash
ington, a chestnut; Kentucky Belle,
Miss Virginia, Wisconsin Queen and
Bonny Iowa. The mares have all been
rechristened with the names of vari
ous states. The mare. Miss Virginia,
was owned by the Moores, and has cap
tured prizes at many big horse shows.
The experts in charge of this work be
lieve that it ts best to develop a strictly
American carriage horse for the reason
that foreign stock, while excelling In con
formation and action, lacks In speed and
Is usually "soft," with little endurance.
It would not be desirable to import all our
carriage horses, and crossing with foreign
stock would produce a, strain that would
not breed true. The American trotter,
while unexcelled for the track, has many
defects, which Professor George M. Rom
mel has summarized as follows, in con
sidering them as candidates for the car
riage: "Big heads, ewe necks, bull necks,
ineaty shoulders, low, long, cross-coupled
backs, steep rumps, crooked hocks and
plain action."
The Ideal Carriage Horse.
Here is Mr. Rommel's summarizing of
the ideal type of carriage horse which the
Government proposes to develop:
Standing 16 hands and weighing 1200
pounds in good condition; with a full
made body, clean-cut, intelligent head,
neatly carried ear. full eye, wide nostril,
clean-cut throat-latch, neck well arched,
muscular and of good length, with the
windpipe clearly defined. The neck should
be smooi.Jy joined to sloping shoulders
which are muscular without being meaty;
the withers high and well defined. The
body should be roomy, with good depth of
chest, good spring of rib and depth of
flank. The back should be straight,
strong, muscular and closely coupled up;
the loins broad, short and muscular; the
hind quarters broad, nicely rounded and
muscular. I The tail should be set on high
and smartly carried. The quarters and
thighs should be muscular and full, and
the arms, forearms and lower thighs like
wise; tne legs well set, straight. Pas
terns should show a good slope. Feet
should show a good slope. Feet should
be of good size, with dense horn, large
frog, and high, wide heels.
The ideal carriage horse should be able
to go at a three-minute pace for a mile,
and should not falter at a ten or twelve
mile an hour clip for long distances. In
walking, its stride should be rapid and
at f tsr u ' - w
swinging. The ideal colors are brown,
bay. chestnut and gray, in the order
named. Blacks, it Is pointed out, are no
longer in vogue, being reserved for formal
occasions. High action, though not to the
point of absurdity, is desired.
With these ideals in view the experts at
Fort Collins and Washington are work
ing harmoniously toward the development
of a carriage horse that will be typically
American, and that will be the admiration
of the world. That success will crown
such intelligent and painstaking effort
there seems no doubt, and the resulting
benefit to the American norselover will be
Incalculable.
SUMMER LIFE IN WASHINGTON
Residents Take Comfort in Broad, Well-Shaded Streets and Numerous Breathing Places Provided by Congress
WASHINGTON, July 2. (Special
Correspondence.) More and
more is Washington becoming
an all-the-round residence city. Each
year departures Are arranged later In
the season and returns are booked ear
lier in the Autumn. The comforts and
beauty of the broad, well-shaded
streets, the numerous breathing spaces
at the intersection of streets with ave
nues, are further enhanced by the gen
erous provisions of Congress whereby
the city is gradually acquiring a park
Rock Creek, by name which In time
will equal if not excel the famous Cen
tral Park ol New York. Fuirmouot is
Philadelphia, and Druid Hill Park of
Baltimore.
In addition to this, the surrounding
country is dotted with the suburban
homes of men, who, like Admiral
George Dewey, his brother-in-law, John
R. McLean, Senator NNewlands, of Ne
vada; Mrs. Gardiner Green Hubbard,
and the Alexander Graham Bells, would
enjoy the privileges of a cosmopolitan
community and yet not forego the
pleasures of country life.
For those without estates of their
own, there are the Chevy Chase and
Country Clubs. Mr. and Mrs. Edward
McCauley have a family party at the
former, Including their daughter, Miss
Mary McCauley, and Mr. and Mrs.
Charles Lee O'Donnell. Mrs. Lee was
formerly Miss Annie McCauley, a
schoolmate and friend of the much
talked of "American Princess."
Others enjoying life In the open near
Chevy Chase are Lieutenant-Commander
and Frederick L. Chapin, ex-Secretary
of the Navy Hilery A. Herbert,
Mrs. S. T. Cushing. Miss Cushing, Rep
resentative George W. Foss, of Illinois:
General and Mrs. George E. Reidert,
Dr. and Mrs. Hoehling, Major and Mrs.
Hodges, Charles P. Law, of Tampa,
Fla. ; Captain and Mrs. and Miss Wil
liamson. Dining with them nearly every eve
ning are a lot of cheerful young mar
ried people, who, by the way, are the
last of the fashionables to leave Wash
ington for the Summer. These are the
Longworths' intimates. Mr. and Mrs.
George Howard, Mr. and Mrs. Charles
Lee, Mr. and Mrs. Jack Story, Mr. and
Mrs. Horace Wescott, Mr. and Mrs. John
E. Wilklns and Mr. and Mrs. Marshall
Philips.
At "Twin Oaks," hardby, Mr. and Mrs.
Charles J. Bell are entertaining their
young son-in-law and daughter, Mr.
and Mrs. Julian Ripley, of New York.
At the adjoining place, Senator and
Mrs. Newlands are enjoying a visit with
their children and grandchildren, until
the close of Congress, when the seniors
will go to their home in the West, leav
ing the young people In full posses
sion of Woodley, the manor house made
famous as the country residence of
President and Mrs. Cleveland during
the former's administration.
Mrs. James B. Reynolds, wife of the
Assistant Secretary of the Treasury,
and Mrs. James B. Reynolds, wife of
Mr. Roosevelt's special commissioner to
Investigate the meat-packing industry,
are two much-disturbed grand dames.
The husband of the one is as prominent
as the husband of the other, and each
has the letter "B" for a middle initial.
Invitations and letters get hopelessly
mixed and while the Mrs. James B., of
Massachusetts, is sorting social mall
with Mrs. James B., of New York, their
respective lords are having a picnic
over the official confusion arising from
their common name. Meantime, each
has promised the other that from this
time forth, he will sign his middle
name in full, and each wife also is en
deavoring to establish her Identity In
the social world. To this end. two new
card plates have been ordered, one to
read Mrs. Jameg Bronson Reynolds, the
other to bear the words Mrs. James
Burton Reynolds.' If this does not pro
duce the desireJ end, the Congressional
custom of putting the owner's state
name in the lower right hand corner
will be tried. So far. the mixing of
"Jimmies" goes merrily on.
Apropos to the meat inspection being
conducted by Mr. Reynolds, of New York,
Is the broader subject of pure food, a bill
to provide which was recently passed by
the House of Representatives. During
the days the question was debated. Con
gressman Mann, of Illinois, illustrated ar
guments fn favor of pure articles of diet
with specimens taken from a canned
goods counter which, at his suggestion,
graced the halls of Congress, and looked
for all the world like the corner of a dry
grocery. Some interesting points were
made, and more than one lady present
wished that her sister homekeepers every
where could have heard them and ponder
them well in her heart every time she
went to market.
This discussion of things to eat. In high
places, has directed public attention to
the kind and quality of food consumed by
the first family In the land. Some things
written on the subject are true, and some
are as far from the facts as the poles are
from each other. Suffice it. therefore, to
say here that if the Roosevelts ate the
variety of foodstuffs attributed to them
the whole family would soon be gathered
to their fathers and another Vice-President
would succeed to the high office of
Chief Magistrate. I quote from Mr. Roose
velt, himself, when T say they live as any
other well-to-do family in America lives,
but that his own favorite dish is bread
and milk.
The vegetarian of the Senate is Senator
La Follette, of Wisconsin, whose capacity
for fighting, his colleague. Senator Spoon
er. Is certainly willing to vouch for. Mr.
La Follette has not eaten any meat for
six years, and gradually the members of
his family have been also led to eschew a
flesh diet. s
Mrs. John B. Henderson, of St. Louis
and Washington, is the leader, of fash
ion's vegetarian set. and her meatless
dinners have long been 'the talk of the
town." Very recently she and her hus
band renounced the use of liquors on their
table, and marked the decision by pour
ing Into the gutter In front of their house
over $1000 worth of Imported wines. etc.
This act, witnessed by several hundred
people, surprised the natives and con
vinced the most incredulous of the abso
lute sincerity of the Hendersons' inten
tions. A group of young people for whom life
is just beginning was graduated within
the week form the Washington High
Schools. They were sons and daughters
of diplomats as well as high Government
officials, and those in humbler walks of
life. To be the president of such a class
Is the unique honor accorded Roger Warde
Paine, a native of Ohio, recently appoint
ed to the United States Naval Academy
at Annapolis by President Roosevelt. Mr.
Paine Is the son of Elmer E. Paine, a
Washington correspondent for the Asso
ciated Press, and Mrs. Margaret E. Paine,
who was at one time assistant instructor
in chemistry in the University of Michi
gan at Ann Arbor.
Next to the class president, the most
lionized graduate of the year is William
J. Bland, captain of the winning company
of High School Cadets. The prize flag
and several medals were presented to Cap
tain Bland by President Roosevelt, after
the latter had witnessed the final com
petitive drill between the several com
panies representing the three High
Schools of the District.
In presenting these trophies, the Presi
dent honored a direct descendant of the
first bride of the White House. Miss Mary
Payne, a sister of Mistress Dolly Madi
son, who, like the last bride, Miss Alice
Roosevelt, married a member of Congress.
Captain Bland inherits his military in
stinct from "Stonewall" Jackson, through
whom he also traces his descent from
Revolutionary fighters.
The pretty ceremony of dedicating a Na
tional flag took place at the June meeting
of the Sara Franklin Chapter, Daughters
of the American Revolution. Mrs. Fair
banks is an lwnorary member of the chap
ter, and also president of the Woman's
League of the National Junior Republic,
through which organization the dedicated
flag was afterward sent to the Republic.
Mrs. Ellis Logan, at whose home the
meeting was held, presented in the name
of the chapter a charming water-color en
titled "The Treasure Ships of Venice." to
the regent, Mrs. C. D. Merwln. The eve
ning closed with a reception to outside
friends of the chapter.
One of the most interesting processions
that ever passed down Pennsylvania
avenue was that headed by the Chinese
Minister, Sir Chentung Liang Shang, on
the day he left Washington for his Sum
mer vacation. The departure of the Min
ister meant the closing of the legation
here and the transfer of all official ma
chinery to Amherst, Mass., where the
Summer will be spent. The goods and
chattels and the retinue of attendants of
this very Interesting Oriental family
filled many wagons, drays and automo
biles. In the first turnout rode the Min
ister, his daughter, Miss Liang, and her
two young brothers, all dressed In the
latest Chinese style, bright colors, elab
orate embroidery and all. Next came Mr.
and Mrs. Chow Tszchi and their baby
the quaintest figure In the entire en
tourage. Following these were the serv
ants and maids, each clad in his or her
prescribed robe of office and bare-headed,
but holding fast to the flag of China.
The larder of the Legation Is filled with
delicacies brought by the Minister for his
own use from the Celestial Empire, and
if these do not come under the American
caption of pure food they are at least to
the Chinese liking, and are always made
a part of the Minister's baggage'. Sir
Chentung was educated In this country
and is a good traveler a la American
ways. He does not, therefore, insist that
birds' nests and similar Oriental pieces
de resistance be served him on the dining
car, but the members of his family llks
to know that such treasures are near.
GRACE PORTER HOPKINS.