48
THE SUNDAY OREGOMAX, PORTLAND, JULY i, 1906.
IN THE RELIGIOUS WORLD
What the Church Folk Are Thinking About and Doing. News From Everywhere.
Sunday School Lesson and Young People's Topic. What Childhood Teaches Ma
turity. The International Sunday School Lesson for July 1 Is, "Jesus and the Chil
dren. Matt. 18: 1-14. The Golden Text Is, "It Is Not the Will of .Your Father
Which Is in Heaven, That One of These Little Ones Should Perish." Matt. 18: 14.
RY WILLIAM T. EI.U8.
A REVOLUTION has been wrought in
education within the past 50 years.
The place and the power of child
hood, and the reverence extended to it,
have been enhanced beyond measure. An
entire new school of pedagogy and a new
philosophy of child-study have arisen
within a generation. Upon this great new
rducaiional monument to childhood may
be inscribed after the fashion of sculptors,
"Jesus Christ fecit."
The world is ever rising to nobler con
ceptions of what is meant when Jesus,
took a little child into his arms; although
the tenderness and -beauty of that spec
tacle have warmed the hearts of humanity
for two thousand years. The incident
gains Us real meaning, however, from its
association. Like many other events, it
cannot be understood apart from Its sur
roundings. Jesus and his band of fol
lowers were back in Capernaum after the
journey up into Caesarea Phllippl, where
the Transfiguration had been enacted. In
I hi time had occurred the Passion Week
Of the North. Jesus had Impressively
tipened his heart concerning his agony
and death and resurrection. But "They
understood not the saying."
The inadequacy of friendship is as im
portant a truth as the fellowship and
Bfflnity of friendship. No one is fully un
derstood by any one else. The best em
blem of friendship 1 know is a modern
ftatue showing two ngures growing
toward each other, with a great mass of
marole intervening. Life never fully un
derstands life. One's nearest and dearest
Buy be miles removed from him in full
comprehension of his spirit. This pain
of being misunderstood was freshly
Chfist'a as he led his disciples back to
the- scene of their former labors and fel
lowship at Capernaum.
While he was moved by the deepest
r motions that swayed his being, his
followers, who should have been his
sympathetic friends, were squabbling
over conflicting ambitions. It is the
nature of man to look out for number
one. Selfishness characterizes the
world. Something1 better, however, we
have a right to expect from those who
have walked with Jesus. Yet here was
this little band of the chosen few who
were contending as to which would be
greatest in the kingdom of their mas
ter, the "kingdom whose spiritual char
acter they had yet been unable to
grasp. How this all must have wound
ed the tinder heart of Jesus.
Not once or twice was this bitter
experience his. The mother of John
and James later came seeking the
Fame boon for her sons, while the other
disciples looked jealously on. And at
the last supper, the farewell feast,
within a few hours of the arrest of
their master, the disciples fought with
each other about the chief seat at the
supper. There ll comfort for all the
misunderstood in the world in the
knowledge that Jesus Christ himself
Was the most misunderstood man that
ever walked' the earth.
The Child in the Midst.
A story is often a better answer
tiian an argument. Jesus told what he
thought of this unseemly strife by
taking a little child in his arms. In the
midst of the company. "Verily 1 say
unto you, except je turn, and become
as Ittle children, ye shit 11 in no wise
enter into the kingdom of heaven." In
stead of aclideving leadership, they
mijrht be shut out altogether. Person
ified in the little child which he ten
derly hold in" his arms, wag that better
world, ever near us, in which we may
Jive. This scheming, ambitious, sordid,
sedtisb manner of life which moat of
us live, is not the divine plan for us,
nor is It yet the best plan that we
could conceive for ourselves, were we
but to let our nobler nature have free
play. The Ingenuousness and artless
ness of childhood, and its utter sin
cerity, are a rebuke to the vain preten
sions of maturity. The way of child
hocu is the way of love; love is natural
to a babe. "This," says Jesus, "is the
way of the kingdom.
He seeks for his followers, not emi
nence, nor learning, nor position, but
the crown of the simple heart. It is of
more than passing interest that Chris
THE HIGHNESS OF HUMILITY
Terse Comments Upon the Uniform Prayer-Meeting Topic of the Young People's
Societies, Christian Endeavor, Baptist Young People's Union, Epworth League,
Etc. For July 1, "Humility, the Foundation Virtue." Matt. 20: 22-28; I Peter 5: 5.
By William T. Elllf.
K ARE highest in the master's favor
when we are lowest at his feet.
No miin in whom is the power of God
boasts thereof. When God thus honors a
disciple that disciple Is bowed down be
neath an awful sense of unworthiness.
Humility is a proof of power. The pres
ence of the spirit never makes a man
vainglorious.
Humility Is a virtue of the strong.
Vsually none but a strong man can trust
himself to he humble, waiving his right
to be considered and honored. The virtue
of humility is In itself a sign of strength.
Jesus, who was the strongest of all the
sons of men. was remarked for his lowli
ness. Humility cradled him as a babe and
crowned him on Calvary. With all the
lights) of a king, he ever assumed the
place of a servant. It was his delight to
make himself of no reputation. He held
himself aloof from none. Though h was
rich, for our sake he became poor. By
uch utter humility as the world has
never seen before nor since, he gave us
an example which his love should con
strain us t follow.
As we grow in grace we grow in
humility. Pride belongs to the old
nature; as we draw nearer to Jesus
we perceive Its foolishness and sinful
ness. There is a beautiful unconsciousness
in the highest Chrlsun life and serv
ice. It is not aware ltd own right
eousness. In Christ's picture of the
judgment the righteous exclaim in
amazement, "When saw we thee an
hungered?" They have not ministered
for an object: they are not even con
scious of their ministry. But the
pint of love so permeates and posset-sea
them that they go through life
serving Jesus unawares. The best man
knows not his own goodness. He is
noble and helpful because it is his
new nature to be so; he cannot help It
any more than the sun can help dif
fusing light or the flowers fragrance.
lowliness hetps to holiness.
Meekness is not weakness; it is
strength enduring wrong and pain pa
tiently. Pride is the commonest sin of the
good. As we grow in righteousness
we find this temptation besetting us
increasingly. It is hard for a virtuous
person to be blind to his own virtues.
Yet Christ's law requires exactly this.
Otherwise our very virtues may be
come a snare. The Pharisee was doubt
less a good man. But his pride and
tian folk are commonly regarded as a
simple-minded folk. The worldly-wise
sneer rtt them and count themselves su
perior; but who would exchange the
fruitless, empty, bitter life of the
struggling, contentious and selfish
world -devotees for the serene and
open-hearted naturalness of the strong
souls who display the virtue of Jesus?
The gullelessness of the church is in
itself a compliment and a protection.
The Sovereignty of Babyhood.
A magnate's attitude toward his grand
child, as we read of it in the daily paper,
re6alls us to a sense of real value. Many
a millionaire lives with his heart centered
chiefly on some tiny bundle of humanity,
which knows and cares naught for dollars
or position. I know a mansion which has
as its heart, for which all the rest exists,
a frail little child. For the sake of that
child the dwellers in the home would
gladly surrender all their magnificence
and live In a cottage, if they could there
by be assured of its welfare.
Humanity cannot be wholly bad so long
as childhood remains Sacred to it. This
sacredness of childhood is a direct tribute
to Christ. We love children for their own
sake, but we learned to love them espe
cially because Jesus came as a little child
He is still the friend of children and
children are his devoted friends. Tie
daughter of a clergyman was fatally
stricken by an accident about a year ago.
Only a short time before the little one
had gone to her father and said, "I love
favver and I love muvver, but I love
Jesus most of all."
One of the memories of .ruined San
Francisco which comes back to me with
great vividness is of a night when I pene
trated into the recesses of one of the
Chinatown rookeries, where I was sud
denly met by a little Chinese child, who
began to smg to me in Chinese. The mel
ody wag familiar and she, in pigeon Eng
land, translated it into the words dear to
childhood the world around,
"Jesus loves me this I know,
For the Bible tells me so."
Christ takes his stand with childhood.
He environs his own personality by child
hood, and in turn, environs childhood
by his personality. "Whoso shall receive
one such little child in my name receiv
eth me." says he. The welfare of little
children is the welfare of Christ. The
progress of Christ is the progress of
childhood. Wherever there Is a welcome
for a newcoming baby there is a welcome
for Jesus Christ. "Race suicide," of which
so much is said of late, is a repudiation
of Jesus and his teachings. A tremen
dous book, although but of a few pages,
has recently appeared, called, "A World
Without a Child." It is the most graphic
picture of an unlovely earth that I have
ever read, and Its description of the end
of the world grips one as none of the
predictions of scientists have ever been
able to do. The story of a childless
world is. of course, the story of a god
less world. Where there are no chil
dren there will soon cease to be a church.
It Is childhood that keeps fresh and warm
and spiritual and unselfish the heart of
humanity.
Assassins of Innocence.
Strong, clear and cutting words often
fell from the tongue of the gentle Jesus.
He had such speech for the censorious
and the unloving self-righteous ones of
his time. He had it. too, for all who
should make little children to offend.
There is something like fierceness In the
note of Jesus speech, as he declares that
the man who causes a child to stumble is
worthy to have a millstone hanged about
his neck and to be cast into the depth of
the sea. The worst fate cannot be too
hard for such a one as he. Thus we gain
a clear Idea of Christ's conception of the
enormity of offenses against childhood.
Would that there might be an echo of
that vigorous spirit of his throughout
Christian civilization today. Undoubtedly
we are still too tolerant of the assassin
of Innocence. Into eye and ear they pour
the molten metal of evil that will sear
tender minds and consciences. They force
the toddling little one to learn the speech
that Is of the pit: no child is so tenderly
nurtured as to be beyond the possible
reach of the profane and lewd word. "Vile
pictures stare from the billboards, to be
devoured by the avid eyes of childhood.
self-righteousness spoiled his good
ness, so that he was less acceptable
to God than the humble sinner.
Pride's path holds many pits.
When we seek to make a name for
ourself we do not honor Christ's name.
Arrogance repels. The self-assertive
person, the one who is constantly intruding-
his own excellence, Invites
nothing but criticism and unfriendli
ness. Human nature Is such that it
delights to prick the self-inflated.
Just as everybody rejoices to honor
the humble mftn, so everybody seems
to find pleasure In detracting from a
vain man. Humility wins friends and
it wins honor; pride forfeits both.
Pride cannot pray; it only boasts.
Humility is strong because It asks
nothing. It seeks not to get, but to
give, therefore it is beyond man's
power to hurt. Since its aim is serv
News and Notes From Everywhere
Nearly one-third of the missionaries of
the American Board are the children or
grandchildren of former missionaries of
the Board.
The Wesley Brotherhood, an organisa
tion for the men of the Methodist Church,
is to publish a Laymen's Quarterly, as
their special organ.
Rev. Hugh Black, of Edinburgh, will ac
cept the professorship of practical theol
ogy in Union Theological Seminary, New
York City.
A fund of a thousand dollars has been
subscribed by the churches in Hawaii to
commemorate in some way the missionary
pioneers from this country.
"Something New in Old China" was the
first woman's lecture ever given In Pekin.
It was delivered under the auspices of the
American Board missionaries by the ed
itor of the Pekin woman's paper, a native
Chinese woman.
About 300 words of a supposed lost gos
pel are reported to have been found
among the manuscripts discovered by Drs.
Grenfell and Hart in the ruins of Oxy
rhincus. They are said to include part
of a discourse of Jesus.
A Business Men's Conference of the
United Presbyterian Church met In Pitts
burg recently, and discussed for three
days the ways In which successful busi
ness methods might be applied to the
Unspeakable f peep-shows claim the pen
nies of the little ones. As they grow to
ward their tens. they find monsters ready
to tell thenj evil stories and to circulate
surreptitiously unspeakable pictures and
books. All this is even worse than the
greed that would grind out the lives of
childhood beneath the upper and nether
millstones)' of factory life.
The quick, hot indignation of Christian
manhoodf should overtake all these of
fenders Against the childhood of the race.
God wmI reckon with them as surely as
he will reckon with Satan; but. pending
that iaevtlable time, man should do a
little Reckoning on his own account. The
offenades against innocence which are tol
erate! or only mildly protested against
todaqf are a rebuke to our civilization.
Society's Big Sin.
The terrific words of this teacher, con
cerning the offending members of one's
bo4 were spoken in connection with his
discourse on childhood. They are an am
plified echo of his sermon on the mount.
.Their primary meaning has to do with
'little children. If one's hand or foot -or
eye is an enemySf childhood, if aught in
his life hurts or offends these little ones,
no measure Is too radical to remove the
offenpe. It Is more than the privilege, It
is the bounden duty of every one who
would yield obedience to God's law, to
live such a life and to be such a person
that the tender spirit of childhood will
thrive in his atmosphere.
Is It not a sufficient indictment of "So
ciety" that it has eliminated the child
from its calculations? When a rare child
Is found in the home of' fashion, its care
Is given to hirelings, and It is looked
upon as an impediment. In the world's
mad whirl of pleasure and amassing of
wealth, there is no room for the tender,
beguiling ways of little children. Of
course, that is a mistaken pursuit of
pleasure which Is apart from fellowship
with the little ones. The happiest person
is he whose heart Is entwined with the
tendrils of these fresh, fragrant lives.
"Home-keeping hearts are happiest." In
all Newport there is no palace of pleasure
to equal the humble home where little
children have first place.
The stirring words of President Roose
velt upon the subject of childhood are,
after all, but a modernization of this ex
hortation of Jesus: "See that ye despise
not one of these little ones; for I say
unto you that In heaven their angels do
always behold the face of my father
which Is in heaven." And surely these
little lives, sohelpless, so oft in danger,
must have attendant angels ministering
unto them. And what more natural than
that these gunrdlans of the children whom
God loves .should have high estate in
heaven ?
The Shepherd Story-
Jesus cares for little children as a shep
herd capes for his lambs. The figure of
the shepherd who carries the lambs In
his bosom is very dear to humanity as
typifying the Good Shepherd. In Patter
son DuBoie' book, "Beckoning from Little
Hands, he tells of finding In the desk of
his little child, after the child had died.
a bit ot paper on which had been crudely
printea. "God is love. He loves la nibs."
Thereis profound knowledge of the heart
of Gpd which pome scientists have not
been able to attain unto. The ministry
of the children whom God wants In his
own presence Immediately Is the sorrow
of many lives; but It cannot be denied
that, as an Eastern shepherd sometimes
carries a bleating lamb over a difficult
stream In order to induce the flock to
follow, so whole families and communi
ties have oeen led to become followers of
God. because of a little child that has
been carried across the dark river.
In the eyes of the infinite Jehovah the
life and love of a little child is precious.
Jesus came as a babe teaching this new
truth. The world as a whole is learning
it. Many men and women have yet to
discover that their highest career and
their highest success, as well as their
greatest happiness in all life, is in being
father or mother to the little ones that
may be enjoyed and trained to the glory
of God and to the profit of the world,
When we sit at the feet of a child, we sit
at the feet of Jesus. When we sit at the
feet of Jesus, he places us at the feet of
a child.
ice, It has the power that always be
longs to the benefactor. You cannot
harm the man who asks nothing but
gives everything. One of the para
doxical laws is that there is strength
in Burrender.
It was when Christ was Humblest
when, indeed, he was doing a slave's
work that he said, "I have given you
an example."
What a pitiful sight men must pre
sent to the beholding angels! We go
about each with his little claim to
distinction, which he flaunts in the
eyes of the world, and each asking
that the world do him honor for it.
The smallest and worst of us always
seem to find some reason for pride
and for turning up his nose at- his
fellows. The world is in a turmoil of
endeavor on the part of each man to
prove himself better than his neigh
bor. Amid all this unholy and unsat
isfactory strife sounds the voice of
the condescending Jesus, saying, "If
any man desire to be first, the same
shall be last of all, and servant of all."
work of the church. They provided for
a permanent men's organization to be
known as the United Presbyterian Men's
Movement. More than 700 men from vari
ous sections of the country joined in this
conference.
General Booth, of the Salvation Army,
celebrated his 77th birthday by planning
a third motor campaign and arranging
for a trip to Japan. At the celebration
held in the Crystal Palace In London, 17,.
000 people gathered to express their loy
alty to General Booth.
The Governor of the State of Chihua
hua. Mexico, has requested the Interna
tional Young Men's Christian Association
to establish an association in the City
of Chihuahua. He made a liberal per
sonal pledge toward the work, and placed
at the disposal of the association exten
sive rooms in the National Theater build
ing. The Governor did all this because
he had been impressed by the success of
the association in Mexico City.
That the promises of the Russian gov
ernment for full religious toleration are to
be trusted, and that the way is open for
the free proclamation of the gospel
throughout the empire. Is the belief ex
pressed by Baron Uexkuell, a Russian no
bleman, during a recent visit in. the
United States. There has for many vears
been some liberty in the distribution of
the Bible, and there have been not a few
dissenters from the Orthodox Greek
Church. Now, this nobleman affirms,
there ia entire liberty to change one's
faith.
Several foreign pilgrimages have been
recently made to Rome, the members be
ing received in audience by the Pope.
Among them were those of the Belgian
newspaper men, who brought to the Pope
a large sum for the Peter's Pence fund.
There was also a pilgrimage of represen
tative Austrian Catholics. A large Bo
hemian pilgrimage came bearing gifts. It
is expected that a number of American
Catholics will be received by the Pope
in June and July, and that they will be
shown the- utmost courtesy by the Vat
ican officials.
Seven Sentence Sermons
They love truth best who to themselves
are true,
And what they dare to dream of. dare
to do. Lowell.
The supreme test of trust Is willingness
to wait God's time. Anon. ,
As no man ever had a point of pride
that was dot injurious to him, so no man
had ever a defect that was not somewhere
made useful to him. Emerson.
What I aspired to be.
And was not, comforts me.
. , Browning.
Trouble is. after all. only a deepened
gaze into life. GeorEe Eliot.
To be obliged to beg one's daily happi
ness from others bespeaks a more lament
able poverty than to be obliged to beg
one's daily bread. Coltoh.
Nay, all by thee is ordered, chosen
planned
Bach drop that fills my dally cup; thy
hand
Prescribes for Ills none else can under
stand. All is known to thee.
A. L. Newton.
At the National Capital
Continued From Page 3 7.
er, late German Ambassador to Great
Britain. Count von Hatzfeldt entered the
diplomatic service under the tutelage of
his father and rose to the rank of secre
tary before his temporary retirement. His
wife wa3 formerly Countess Aoki, whose
parents are now at the head of the Jap
anese Embassy to the United States Her
arrival in this country is therefore marked
by a family reunion as well as a reunion
of friends.
Mr. Tsunejiro Miyaoka. counselor of the
Japanese Embassy, is another diplomat
returned to a former post, and like the
Hatzfeldts he and Mrs. Miyaoka seem
truly glad to renew acquaintances made
during their las; sojourn in America Next
to renewing friendships Mrs. Miyaoka en
joys going about the shops of Washing
ton and makes interesting observations
concerning the progress made through
out the city since she went awav
The school garden work which has
grown rapidly here is a phase of public
activity she finds most interesting and
It was therefore with pleasure she ac
cepted the invitation of Dr. B T Gallo
way to Inspect the work done by the
ch.ldren of the local public schools under
the supervision of the chiefs of division
of the animal and plant industry at the
Department of Agriculture, Monday after
noon. Incidentally referring to the benefits de
rived from America by Japan. Mr
Miyaoka recently stated that four-fifths
of the foreign publications translated for
the Japanese Government were written
by Americans, and that the major part of
these were official reports.
w,iShtfU' fSrm of d'v8ion planned
by hostesses who own suburban homes
consists of a day's outing for congenial
groups of friends. An early morning de
parture, with luncheon on the lawn of
the country estate, or upon verandas
and a return timed with reference to the
city dinner hour, are features of the
trips Among those entertaining in this
Tot W'thln the week arc Mrs John
J,n' whoee frlends we "Joy
Farm in automobiles, and Mrs. John p
Story whose Colonial place is further re
moved from the city, and so. necessitated
thither lirta'nS, l Cnvey her intimates
hall" win 'he Summer "White
ties inv red f 6 Sene f gay nouse Pi
ties invited for an extended period
Few hospitalities at the height of
the season, however distinguished the
t on ?L?M3,S'J,attracted more atten
John v h,e dinner siven b-v Senator
n, Kea- ln honor of hIs colleague,
fh? lt, 'lntr0D Murray Crane, and
Port J 8 "ancee. Miss Josephine
Porter Boardman. The affair was
planned even in that host's best stvle
and was a fitting tribute to the popu
larity and fame of the guests of honor.
Around the board there were seated
Senator and Mrs. Spooner. of Wiscon,
sin ; senator and Mrs. Lodge, of Massa
chusetts; Senator Knox, of Pennsyl
vania; Senator Wetmore, of Rhode
Island; Mr. and Mrs. Gordon-Cummlng,
Mr. Clayton Johns, of Boston, and the
hosts sister. Miss Susan Kean.
The Mackay-Pryor nuptials on Sat
urday was the only event of the week
which served to call general society
together. The ceremony, which took
place in St. John's Church, was marked
by many pretty features, notably the
quaint fashion and coloring of the
gowns of the attending maids. Com
bined with the brilliancy of the full
dress Navy uniform of the ushers, and the
stately ceremonial of the Episcopal
marriage ritual, the sacerdotal robes
of the clergy and choristers, the wed
ding was picturesque to a degree. The
bride's only attendant was her cousin,
Miss Jean Coutts, of Brooklyn, who
wore embroidered white mull over
pink silk, with a lingerie hat trimmed
with pink ribbons. Her flowers were
pink roses. The best man was Lieu
tenant Cary D. Langhorne. U. S. A..
brother of the Mrs. Nannie Langhorne
Shaw, of Virginia, whose recent mar
riage to the son of William Waldorf
Astor was the talk of two continents.
The ceremony was followed by a re
ception at Rauscher's, attended by the
many out-of-town as well as local
friends of the young couple. Among
the relatives were Mr. and Mrs. Pryor,
father and mother of the bridegroom,
of Nashville, Tenn.; Mr. and Mrs.
Coutts and Miss Georgia Smith, of
Brooklyn; Mr. Buchanan, of Texas; Dr.
Dubose, U S. N.. and Mrs. Dubose. Pay
Director Rand, U. S. N., and Mrs. Rand,
Captain and Mrs. Cowie and Miss
Cowle, of Annapolis.
At the, wedding of Dr. Macpherson
Crichton, of this city, and Miss Con
stance Van Dyke Joline, of Merchant
vllle, N. J., on Wednesday. Mrs.
Thomas Jefferson was matron of honor
and Mr. Jefferson, son of the late de"an
of the American stage, was one of the
ushers. The ceremony was followed
by a breakfast at the home of the
bride's parents. Judge and Mrs. Charles
Van Dyke Joline. to which a number
of prominent Washingtonians were
bidden.
The presence of several ships at the
Washington Navy-Yard for the past
fortnight has been the occasion of
much entertaining, at which music is
a feature. Many of the Navy men are
gifted musically, and so are the. girls
ln that brilliant coterie known as the
"Navy set." 'Among; the week's hosts
were Lieutenants Littlefield and H. C.
Mustin, who entertained jointly on
board ship.
GRACE PORTER HOPKINS.
Six Years in the United States Senate
Recollections of Judge George H. Williams The Great Supreme Court
Over Which Chief Justice Taney Presided.
ON MOTION of Reverdy Johnson. I
was admitted to the bar of the Su
preme Court of the United States in
1S53. At that time the court consisted of
the following; Roger B. Taney, Chief
Justice; James M. Wayne, John Catron,
Peter V. Daniel. Samuel Nelson, Robert
C. Grier, Benjamin R. Curtis, John A.
Campbeil, Associate Justices. Caleb Cush
ing was Attorney-General. Taney was
Chief Justice for 28 years and died October
12. 1864, at the age of 88 years. He was a
member of the court at the time of his
death. Chief Justice Taney was a notice
able man. and I remember very distinctly
his appearance. He was a very tall, slen
der man. 'with prominent features upon
an almost fleshless face; a remarkably
low forehead, with a sallow complexion,
and In point of good looks had little ad
vantage over President Lincoln, whom in
some respects he resembled. His bearing
was dignified and gracious, and without
doubt he was a man of fine abilities-and
a great lawyer. He was Attorney-General
of the United States and Secretary of the
Treasury before he was Chief Justice. He
was appointed Chief Justice by Andrew
Jackson and his appointment was con
firmed by the Senate by a majority of
only one vote. The opposition to him in
the Senate was chiefly on the ground that
while Secretary of the .Treasury he re
moved the deposits in accordance with
the wishes of President Jackson. He was
82 years of age when he delivered in the
Supreme Court the famous Dred Scott de
cision, in which he held with a majority
of the court that a negro, though free,
was not a citizen of the United States.
This opinion, though written by Chief
Justice Taney at his advanced age, was,
without question, the most powerful argu
ment for human slavery In the United
States ever made by any man. Notwith
standing this opinion, Taney was person
ally opposed to slavery and gave freedom
to the slaves he had inherited, aided them
ln their employments and took care of
them when they were in want. He lived
a Christian life and died in the faith of
his ancestors, in the communion of the
Roman Cf.tholic Church.
Associate Justice Wayne died while he
was a member of the Supreme Court, at
the age of 78 years. He was appointed by
Andrew Jackson, was the senior associate
at the time of his death and became a
member of the court while Marshall was
Chief Justice. He was born in Savannah.
Ga., and though a Southern man in all
his instincts and associations, was ever
true to the Government. He was an offi
cer in the War of 1812 and was a member
of Congress when South Carolina, under
the lead of Calhoun, attempted "nullifica
tion." and was the only member from
Georgia who voted for the force bill, the
object of which was to compel by force.
If necessary, the nulliflers to submit to
the laws of the land and the. authority of
the National Government. All through
our Civil War he stood by the Union
cause. He was a graduate of Princeton
College, and was distinguished by manners
singularly elegant and attractive. He was
a communicant of the Protestant Epis
copal Church and a member of the Su
preme Court for 32 years.
Associate Justice Catron died in the
80th year of his age and was a mem
ber of the Supreme Court for 28 years.
He was a native of the State of Penn
sylvania, but in early life went to
reside in Nashville, Tenn. He was in
the War of 1812. and served under
Andrew Jackson, and among the last
acts of his administration Jackson
nominated him for a Justice of the
Supreme Court. Before that he had
been a Judge of the State Supreme
Court of Tennessee. He was regarded
as an excellent Judge, especially In
land cases. He was more distinguish
ed for his good, hard sense than for
the extent of his legal attainments.
He is reported to have said: "I be
lieve in thorough legal training and
constant study, but object, from what
ever source it comes, to. the parade of
authorities, gathered often from the
index, having rarely any value in the
case., and which sometimes is but the
address of vanity to ignorance." The
truth of this remark is frequently ex
emplified in these days. He was devot
edly attached to the Union, and in
1861, sitting in the Circuit Court at
St. Louis, delivered a ringing address
SUSAN CLEGG AND MRS. LATHROP
Village Philosopher Talks With Her Neighbor About an Old-Fashloned Fourth of July.
Bv Anne Warner.
(Copyright 1906 by K. N. Birdsall.)
ELL, Elljan seems to nave on
the nail on Its foot instead of
its head this time," said Miss
Clegg to Mrs. Lathrop on the noon of the
Sunday before the Fourth of July, "that
editorial of his ln this week's paper ain't
sultln' anyone a tall."
"What ," began Mrs. Lathrop.
"The one about the celebration." replied
her friend, "they was all dlscussin" it
after church today an' one an" all Is dead
set against it. Them as has bought their
fire-works ain't pleased, of course, an'
Mr. Kimball says as he considers that
Elijah had ought to of consulted him
afore he printed such a article ln the hind
part of a uncle's store that had just laid in
a new supply of two pouflSs of punk alone.
Mr. Kimball says too as he'd planned
a window display of cannon crackers
polntln' all ways out of a fort built o' his
new dried apples, an' now here's Elijah
comln' out in Saturday's paper for a old
fashioned Fourth o' July without no fire
crackers a tall. Mr. Kimball says he
thinks Elljah'd ought to remember whose
nephew he Is an' show some family feel
in'; he says punk is a thing as can never
be worked off in no bargain lot of odds
an' ends, an' he says his own Fourth o'
July Is spoiled now anyway by the shock
of the worry.
"Judge Fitch says he can't quite make
out what Elijah means by callln' for
patriotic speeches; he says he's wlllin'
to make a speech any day but he says
no one ever wants to stop poppln long
enough to listen to a speech on the Fourth
o' July. He says too as its very' hard to
get a effect that day cause people are
afraid to get absorbed llstenln' for fear
suthln' may go off under 'em while
they ain't kelpin' watch. Mr. Dill said
that was true 'cause he had a personal
experience that way in his own dog; he
says that dog would of made a fine hunter
only some one throwed a torpedo one
Fourth o' July, an' after that that dog
almost had a fit if a sparrow chirped
quick behind him. Mr. Dill said he tried
to cure him by stuffin' cotton in his
ears an' keepin' a cloth tied around his
head but then he read in the paper about
some deaf German as when he played
the piano always listened with his teeth
an' he said that jus' made him empty
the cotton out of the dog an give up.
"Mrs. Macy says what she wants to
know is what's Elijah tryin' to get at
anyhow. She says she always thought a
barbecue was a kind of cake walk an'
she didn't know white folks ever could
lift their legs that higrh. She says the
idea of it's bein' suthin' to eat In the
woods is surely most new to her an" she
to the grand jury deprecating all
movements for the dissolution of the
Union. He was forced to leave Ten
nessee on account of his Union senti
ments, and came to Washington to re
side, but after the excitement of the
war was over he returned to Nashville,
where he died.
Associate Justice Curtis was a na
tive of Massachusetts, and was born
in ISjs. In 1851 he was appointed an
Associate Justice of the Supreme Court
and resigned in 1857. He died In 1874.
He was chiefly distinguished for his
dissenting opinion in the Dred Scott
case, ln which he maintained with
great ability, contrary to the opinion
of a majority of the Court, that a
colored man, if free, was in all respects
a citizen of the United States. He
was one of the attorneys for President
Johnson when he was tried before the
Senate upon articles of impeachment
presented by tiie House of Representa
tives. I was Attorney-General when
Judge Curtis died, and ln presenting
to the Supreme Court the resolutions
ot the bar respecting his death, I said
in part:
"1 was a member of the High Court
of Impeachment, when the President
of the United States was put upon his
trial before that body and had, there
fore, an excellent opportunity to see
and hear the deceased, who was the
lealing counsel for the defense ln that
case. The late Chief Justice presided.
Senators and Representatives occupied
the floor of the Senate and distin
guished people from all parts of the
world filled Its galleries. The polit
ical pulse of the Nation throbbed with
intense anxiety. The scene was thrill
ing and historic. When the prosecu
tors had submitted their evidence in
support of the articles of impeach
ment, Judge Curtis followed with a
statement of the respondent's defense.
I was greatly impressed with his pres
ence. When he arose to speak i
seemed to be the personification of
solidity and strength. Added to his
striking features and form, he had a
peculiarly firm and broad way of
standing while he spoke, which
seemed to express an inflexible deter
mination no; to be moved from his
positions. He was not excited or em
barrassed. He commenced with the
composure of conscious power. He
presented the facts and points of the
case In such a comprehensive, com
pact and logical manner as to make his
speech a model of forensic discussion.
Brougham . or Burke would have dis
played upon that occasion a wealth of
imagery and Illustration, but the lan
guage of Judge Curtis was as pure and
chaste as the lectures of Blackstone."
I doubt If any man has ever appeared
ln the Supreme Court more like Daniel
Webster than Benjamin R. Curtis.
Associate Justice Daniel was a native of
the State of Virginia and possessed all
the characteristics of an old fashioned
Virginia gentleman. He was a Justice
of the Supreme Court for 19 years and
died in 1860 at the age of 75 years.
Attorney-General Black, ln presenting
the resolutions of the bar respecting the
death of Justice Daniel to the Supreme
Court, said of him: "He was a ripe
scholar and a good one. The evidence
will be found all over his opinions that
he was a man of thorough education and
cultivated literary tastes. Judge Daniel's
attachments were not confined to Vir
ginia. He had a large affection for the
whole Union and looked with alarm upon
what he regarded as the signs of its
gradual decay. He indulged and always
expressed a just pride in the great struc
ture which his fathers had helped to
rear, and did not attempt to conceal a
corresponding dislike for 'those who were
undermining its foundations. These senti
ments account for the fact that his judg
ments in this court are marked in a
rather uncommon degree by frequent
recurrence to the fundamental principles
of the government."
Associate Justice McLean died In 1861
and was for 32 years a Justice of the
Supreme Court. He was a native of the
State of Ohio and lived to be 76 years
of age. He was Postmaster-General be
fore he was apponted to the Supreme
Court. Attorney-General Bates, in pre
senting the resolutions of the bar respect
ing the death of Justice McLean, said of
him: "He was a sincere, earnest and
diligent man. He was a ripe scholar, an
able lawyer, a bland an amiable gentle
man, a strict moralist, a virtuous man,
ain't sure she wants to eat in the woods
anyhow. She says there's always fllies
an' mosquitoes In the woods, an' she's
passed the age o' Ukin" to drop down any
where an' jump up any time years ago.
As for cookin' in the woods, she says
that part of Elijah is too much for every
one. She says she never hear of roastin"
a ox whole in a pit in her life; she says
how is the ox to be got into the pit an'
what's to cook him while he's in there an'
when he's cooked how's he to be got out
to eat? She says she thinks Elijah has
got a ox an' a clam mixed in his mind,
an' a pit an' a pile. She says she knows
they cook clams in plies on the seashore,
she seen a picture of one once.
"Gran'ma Mullfns come up an' she's aw
ful troubled over the ox. too. She says
Hiram is got such a awful name for being
strong that she Just knows as they'll ex
pect him to put that ox Into the pit an'
lift him out again, too. She says it's get
tin' too terrible about Hiram, every time
as anybody fat dies anywhere or there's a
piano to moe or a barn to get up on
jackscrews they send right for Hiram to
be one o' the pallbearers an' give him the
heaviest corner. She says she can't well
see how a ox can be roasted whole any
way; she says It'll be a awful job gettin'
his hair singed off in the first place, an'
she just knows they'll expect Hiram to
hold him and twirl him while he's singe
in'. Then, too, she says as the whole of
a ox don't want to be roasted, anyhow.
The tongue has to be boiled an' the liver
has to be sliced, an' the calves' brains
has to be breaded an' dipped in egg. an'
after he's roasted an' Hiram has got him
out o' the pit who's to skin him, for you
can't eat rawhide even if it is cooked.
"Deacon White come up an' he said he
an' Polly would bring their own lunch
an' their own pillow an' blanket an' ham
mock an' look on 'cause Polly wanted to
see the fun an' they weren't intendin'
to have any fireworks anyhow. He said
he was curious about the ox hisself he
said he wondered where they'd get the
ox, an' the pit. too, for that matter. He
said he wanted it distinctly understood
as he an' Polly'd bring their own lunch
an' neither borrow nor lend. He said that
rule would apply to the pillow an' the
blanket an' the hammock the same as
the lunch.
"The minister come up an' he says It
says in the Bible as when the ox is in
the pit everyone must join in an' help
get him out, so he says he shall do his
part, although a ox strikes him as a
most singular way to commemorate the
day as our forefathers fought an' bled
over. He says he should have thought a
service o' song an' a much to be desired
donation towards cleanin' out his cistern
would have been more fittin' than to
spend the glorious Fourth fixin' a ox
in a pit an' trying to bake him there. He
says he don't think it can be done any
how. He says a ox ain't no chestnut to
and. above all a modest and unobtrusive
Christian philosopher." Chief Justice
Taney said: "His best eulogy will be
found in the reports of the decisions .of
me -ourt auring that long period or
judicial lire, and these reports will show
the promlneut part he took in the many
great and important questions which
from time to time have come before too
Court., and the earnestness and ability
with which he investlgatea and discussed
them."
Associate Justice Grier was born in
Pennsylvania in 1794 and died in 1S70 at
the age of 76 years, after being a Justice
of the Supreme Court for 23 years. He
was a strong and clear-headed lawyer
and a firm and fearless Judge. As illus
trative of his character. It Is said that
while he was sitting on the circuit a
case was tried before him In which the
plaintiff sued to recover the possession
of a farm which belonged to him and
of which the defendant had taken posses,
slon. The plaintiff's title was perfectly
clear, but he was rich. The defendant
was a poor man and the defendant's at
torney so worked upon the feelings of
the jury that they returned a verdict for
the defendant; whereupon Justice Grier
said: "Mr. Clerk, you may enter an order
setting aside that verdict. I want it un
derstood that it takes 11 men in this
Court to steal a man's farm."
Associate Justice Nelson was born in
the State of New York in 1792 and died in
1873 at the age of 81 years, and had
been a Justice of the Supreme Court for
27 years. He was for many years a
Judge of the Supreme Court of the Stat"
of New York before he was appointed to
the Supreme Court of the United States.
I was Intimately acquainted with Justice
Nelson and boarded with him at the same
hotel in Washington for six years. He
was a charming, but not a great man
To use an expression applied by Judge
Black to Hunt when he was appointed to
the Supreme Court, he was "a lady-like
personage." I was with him for three
months on the high joint commission to
frame the treaty of Washington for the
settlement of the Alabama claims. J its
appointment gave dignity and reputat.on
to the commission but as a force he
amounted to little or nothing.
Associate Justice Campbell was an able
man, but intensely Southern ln his feel
ings, and resigned from the Supreme
Court to join the Southern Confederacy.
He was born ln Alabama ln 1811 and died
ln 1889 at the age of 78 years. He was on
the bench of the Supreme Court eight
years and resigned in 1861 at the breaking
out of the Rebellion. I had a discussion
at one time with Judge Campbell. Two
state governments resulted from the state
election in Louisiana In 1872. By one
party It was contended that William Pitt
Kellogg, Republican, was elected, and by
the other that John McEnery, Democrat,
was elected. Both parties appealed lo
President Grant for recognition, and, as
usual in such cases, he referred tlir
whole matter to me. The Democrats had
destroyed many of the ballot-boxes and
ballots before the votes were canvassed.
I had to decide the case as best I could
from surrounding circumstances. All of
the male negroes above 21 years of age
were voterB, and all voted the Republi
can ticket, as they understood that they
were indebted to the Republican party for
their freedom. There were more negro
than white voters ln the state, and these
with some white Republicans made a ma
jority of Republican voters, and besides
the destruction of the ballots by the Dem
ocrats Indicated that they were afraid If
the votes were counted the Republicans
would have a majority. I accordingly ad
vised the President to recognize the Kel
logg government, which he did. Judge
Campbell sent word to the President that
he, with 100 other citizens of Louisiana,
would appear before the President to
show him that he ought to change hi'
decision. Accordingly, at the appointed
time, they appeared, and the President
sent for me. Judge Campbell made the
statement upon which he relied to prove
that the President was wrong In his de
cision, and then I made mine. The Presi
dent politely dismissed the 100 gentlemen
and adhered to his decision. While the
Supreme Court was made up of the
above-named Justices, It made many Im
portant decisions Involving fundamental
principles of government, and taken al
together it was not only a tribunal of
great power, but of great ability.
GEO. H. WILLIAMS.
stick in the ashes till he bounces out
cooked of his own accord.
"Mrs. Fisher says she shan't havp
nothin' to do with any of it. They're all
goln' to the city an' Mr. Fisher is goin'
to a lecture on that Russian that his
country' wants to amalgamate for suthin'
he's done, an' she an' John Bunyan is
goln' to the Hippodrome. They want to
see the girl turn upside down ln the auto
mobile an' Mrs. Fisher says she can
hear about the ox when she comes back.
'Mrs. Brown says they shan't go cause
young Dr. Brown's afraid o' microbes in
the woods. He's goln' to disinfect every
thing with that smell he's got the day
before the Fourth, an' then they're goln'
to have huckle-berry biscuit an' water
melon an' just spend a quiet day waitln'
for accidents. Mrs. Brown says young
Dr. .Brown is always hopin' for another
railroad smash-up like the one that came
while he was away studyln'. She says
it always seems too bad it couldn't have
come a year later when he was just back
with that handsome brand-new set of
doctors knives an' forks as he got for
a prize.' Susan paused.
"Shall you?" asked Mrs. Lathrop.
"No, I sbant. I ain't interested in
the Fourth of July. I never had nothin'
to do with it in the beglnnin' and I ain't
never had nothin' to do with it since. I
think the Boston people was very foolish
to go throwin' their tea overboard sooner
'n buy stamps. We all buy stamps now
an' no one thinks o' fussin' over it, an'
I guess we do a lot of other things as
we'd never of had to do if we'd kept
our tea an' our mouths shut in the be
ginnin'. They say tea is very cheap in
England an' Heaven knows nothin' is
cheap with us. Elijah says If it wasn't
for his uncle he'd take a strong stand
on a low tariff, but my goodness, It looks
to me like he'd better not meddle with
the tariff. He's set the town by the ears
enough with his ox. He says he never
meant it that way at all. He says he
only drew a picture o' what the Fourth
o' July was In olden times. But this
town ain't good on pictures. We tak
things right up by the handle an' ideal
with 'em according."
"But" said Mrs. Lathrop.
"O" course not."' said Susan, "but they
can take him up by the tail an' horns,
cany't they?"
Could Afford to Be Generous.'
Lipplncott's.
Two Americans were being shown
through the citadel of Quebec by a
British soldier. Halting at a certain
spot on the parade ground their guide
pointed to a small cannon.
"This." said he, "is a gun we captured
from the Americans at the battle of
Bunker Hill."
Quick as a flash came this reply:
"Well, as we kept the country, we can
afford to let you have the gun."