THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, MAY 20, 1906,
Other Men of Literary Genius Set a
Precedent for Similar Shame-
less Conduct-
Famous Poets and Writers Who
Brought on Themselves Pub-
lie Condemnation.
THK3 Irregular alliance of Maxim
Gorky to Madame Andreieva, an act
ress, that .made a failure of the
Russian novelist's trip 10 the United
States when prospects of success were
rosy, is another chapter added to the
unconventional love affairs of men of
genius.
While the turning away from respect
able hotels and the criticism of the, noted
author 1s entirely lust. It should iot ob
scure the fact that he Is a man of genius,
a great teacher, a writer whoso work has
done a valuable part in rousing Hussia to
a protest for better things and better gov
ernment. Perhaps In years to come, after the
world gets farther away Itrom the unfor
tunate trip- to the United States, Ameri
cans will endeavor to forget the Incident
that has now virtually driven into hiding
the man who, next to Tolstoi, Is Russia's
greatest writer. .
, Gorky in Russian moans "bitter. Re
sentment over his hard lot caused the
Russians to adopt it. Bitter indeed has
been his experience in the new world.
He came into New York hailed as the
great champion of liberty and the leading
literary llgbts of the metropolis were
proud to do honor to him.'
Then suddenly It developed that his
companion. Introduced to everybody as
Madame Gorky, was not that lady. The
real Madame Gorky Is living In Russia,
having for some time past been separated
from 'her genius. 'husband.
' Moreover, a little investigation showed
that the real name of Madame Andreieva
Is . Zhelabuskl, she being the wife of a
Moscow engineer. A noted actress, she
had quit the boards after falfing In love
with Gorky. Their irregular alliance had
excited no great comment in Russia,
where divorce is very difficult to pro
cure, and loose alliances are benevolently
winked at in the highest society.
i But this is Just the one thing In the
moral code that Americans won't stand.
Tlioy refuse to be even tolerant of this
class of sinners, and Gorky and his com
panion were driven from one hotel to an
other, while invitations, which had
poured in at first, were withdrawn, and
the revolutionary purposes of the visit to
this country had to be abandoned, for
nothing he could do would now get Gorky
a hearing among the people who count
In America.
The famous writer has paid the penalty
for that Irregularity in matters of the
heart that seems inseparable from the
natures of men of genius.
Lord Byron and Sir John Millnls.
One does not have to hunt far for
precedents.. , '
The case of Ruskin, Sir John MUlats
and the wife .,pf Ruskin instantly sug
gests Itself.
It became the fortune or the misfor
tune of the painter to fall in love with
the writer.
Most husbands would have resented
this performance, but Ruskin was
made of different material. He had
the true quality of 'the philosopher.
As soon as he became convinced that
his wife returned the painter's affec
tion he arranged a divorce, and per
mitted them to marry. During all the
remainder of his life he maintained
Recollections of Judge G.
Xo. XXIV. Aid Refused for Construction of the "Northern
ON THE 2d of July. 1S64, Congress
passed an act Incorporating tho
Northern Pacific Railroad Company
to build a railroad from Lake Superior
to Puget Sound, and granting to said
company 20 alternate sections per mile
on each side of said road. Said company
was required by said act to commence
work upon said road within two years
from the approval of said act by the
President, and not to complete less than
W miles per year after the second year,
and to complete the whole road by the
4th day of July, lST8. On the 1st of July,
lttf, Congress passed an act extending the
time for tho construction of said road,
and providing that , work thereon should
be commenced within two years after the
2d of July, 186S; that not leBS than 100
miles should be built each year there
after; and the road should be completed
by the 4h day of July. 1879. May 31,
1ST0. Congress passed "an act authorizing
saldVompany to issue bonds for the con
struction and ' equipment of said road,
and to secure the payment of the same
to mortgage its franchise and all its
property, real and personal. April 10,
IstS, said company was authorized to
build a' branch of its road from Portland
to Puget Sound, the said branch to be
completed by July 2. 1S71. ' The main line
of the Northern Pacific Railroad was not
completed until September, 1883.
On the. 22d day of June, lS6o Senator
Ramsay Introduced a bill to secure the
speedy construction of the Northern Pa
cine Railroad, which was referred to the
committee on Pacific railroads, and by
that committee - reported to the Senate,
with several amendments. The purport
of the bill was. that as often a.s 2o miles
of the road was constructed, the Secre
tary of the Treasury should pledge the
credit of the United States for the pay
ment of the Interest on the stock of the
company on the portion- of the road so
completed, at the rate of 6 per cent per
annum for a period not exceeding 20
years: and the bill further provided that
to reimburse the United States for any
interest it might have to pay, the pro
ceeds of the sales of all the lands In the
Kiants south of the road should be paid
into the treasury of the United States.
There were many details specified In the
bijl. but the substance was as above
stated.
On the 13th of July I moved that the
Senate proceed to the consideration of the
lull. Senator Sherman resisted the mo
tion, but the bill'was taken up by,a vote
of IX) to 19. Senator Sherman then made
a vigorous attack upon the bill, and In a
ieiiKthy speech argued that the bill im
posed upon the Government a liability to
py- a large amount of money, that such
liability would injure the public credit;
terms of friendship with his former
wife and the man wjio had taken his
place in her affections."
England was scandalized over the
affair, but the beauty of the life led
by the Millais pair led to a revulsion
of feeling and finally Madame Millais
had tile crowning satisfaction of be
ing received by the Queen of England,
Victoria, who had always been most
rigorous In her demand for the ob
servance of the marriage vow.
Byron's tangled love affairs could be
made the theme of a dozen books. The
divine spark of genius that inspired
his muse was like a torment driving
him ever to some new affair.
His marriage with Miss Milbank
contented him for only a brief while.
When they had been united for less
than a year he scandalized her by of
fering the hospitality of their home to
Madame Mardya, an actress. The re
sult was a rupture between the pair.
Public gympathywas entirely with
the wife, and Byron quit England, go
ng to Switzerland. Here Byron met a
Miss Clairmont, a connection of rfhe
poet Shelley by marriage. He became
enamored of her charms, and the inti
macy resulted in the birth of a daugh
ter. In Venice a few months later he
entered In alliance with a Mariana
Segatl, the wife of his landlord. This
that the stock with interest thereon- guar
anteed by the United States might fall
into the hands of foreign capitalists, and
that one road across the Continent was
all that the country required. He said,
among other things:
"The British government is now endeav
oring to divert the whole transit across
this continent into what is called the
Grand Trunk Railroad and the lines
through Canada, West. I see in a recent
publication a statement that they have
already contemplated, perhaps have made
surveys, the . construction of a railroad
as far as the Lake of Woods, where they
propose to connect with this Northern
Pacific Railroad, and It was an absolute
fact that British capitalists had at one
time the control of this enormous grant
of our land 20 miles wide through the
whole' Northern boundary. What Is there
In this bill to prevent these Canadian
interests controlling a large amount of
money from buying up the guaranteed
stock of the United States Issued to this
road, guarantying an Interest of 6 per
cent? What is there to. prevent British
capitalists from entering into the mar
ket and buying up this stock, and thus
controlling and owning not only a strip of
land 20 miles wide through our whole
country, but the franchise which compels
the Government of the United States t
pay an annuity to them of over $6,000,000
and with that money to build a road to
promote Canadian Interests? Why, sir;
they will do it as sure as this bill shall
become a law. Puget Sound is their nat
ural terminus: that is not the natural
terminus of our Pacific Coast trade. Port
land is the capital of Oregon, and the
mouth of the Columbia River is the place
where the Interests about Oregon con
centrate. In California they concentrate
at San Francisco. Now, it is proposed
by this enormous grant to build up a new
rival Interest on the Western slope In tne
British possessions at Vancouver Island,
where they may control the trade of the
world: where they may seek to divert
from California and Oregon this magnifi
cent trade, gather It into a British port,
taking It over a British road, subsidized
by the national government, to Montreal
and the mouth of the St. Lawrence. Is
that the purpose for which we should leg
islate now? In every sense in which I
can look at this bill I think it is an
improvident measure."
Senator Howard defended the bill and
among other things said:
"I think, on a careful examination of
the data which have come within my
reach, there Is really no risk in the Gov
ernment assuming the payment of this
interest, but that on the other hand, the
Government, in the end, will be a great
gainer as will the people of the United
States, because it will have the effect to
press forward settlement and enterprise
into those remote regions. It will have
an Immediate effect to develop and bring
to light the rich mineral treasures wmc.
are now resting concealed beneath tne
soil of the territories of Idaho. Montana
nd Washington, through which the road
will pass. As matters are now situated
It is totally Impossible for the company
! ,'!--' '-' : ! MjmxivijHxtmBBA : I II v- t-7 A ; FJ
I llason was conducted on terms of tin i J 'tSste " 'I I
most shameless publicity, and the pair! I ll J v. vj I I
llason was conducted on terms of tot
most shameless publicity, and the pair
maintaintd a superb villa near Venice.
But Mariana's reign was destined to
come to an end, and she gave way to
Margarita Cognl.
After Cogni came Countess Guicci
oli, who for four years lived with
Byron in an arrangement that came
close to being a common law. mar
riage. A quarter of a century later
this lady married the Marquis de
Boissy. who made so little of her ex
cursion In unconventionality that he
was wont to proudly Introduce her as
''my wife, a former mistress of Lord
Byron.'"
As can be Imagined, Lord Byron did
not have all these experiences with
out bringing public notice on himself.
During all his brief and stormy life
there was a very strong faction against
him. men and women who declined to
read his works or admit his genius,
because of their utter reprehension of
the life of the man. Even to this day
this feeling has by no means died out.
Shelley was another man of genius
whose irregularities aligned conven
tion against him. Shelley was not
frankly a sensualist like Byron. His
trouble proceeded mainly from his
honest, if mistaken, opposition to mar
riage as a perpetual bond. He be-
-H. Williams
Pacific? Railroad.
to raise, by loan In the markets, and
equally Impracticable for them to sell
their lands to such an extent as to enable
them to go on with their work."
Senator McDougal said: "When you run
a line of road along our northern frontier
to Puget Sound, there is one of the most
beautiful waters in the world. All the
navies of the world could ride there at
rest. It is our own land. It does not be
long to Queen Victoria. So far as the
terminus of this road on' the "West is
concerned, it is in American territory and
one of the most beautiful countries In
world. I say this bill should' be passed,
and there is no conflict between the
Union Pacific and the Northern Pacific
Railroad.'"
Having moved the consideration of the
bill, it -seemed to be my duty to defend
it, which I did In a speech of considerable
length. I said, in part:
"One objection upon which the Senator
from Ohio particularly relies, is that if
this appropraition is made to the road
there is great danger that the company
may sell It to some company organized
In Canada and under the laws of Great
Britain, so that the work may be trans
ferred to the control of the subjects of
the British government. In the first
place I answer that objection by saying
that it is extremely improbable that
American citizens and this bill requires
that three-fourths of the directors of this
company shall be American citizens
should transfer a great work like this
connecting the two oceans to the control
of the subjects of Great Britain."
I further said: "If this company un
dertakes to transfer the power it de
rives from Congress under this amend
ment to their charter to 'citizens of
Canada, Congress may repeal the char
ter and may repeal this law, and so
put an end to the enterprise and pre
vent the construction of this road in
the United States. In that way Con
gress has the entire control of this
subject, and there Is no reason to ap
prehend that this company will under
such circumstances put the control of
this road into the hands of citizens of
Canada. This argument, if it amounts
to anything as an objection to this
bill. Is an argument that may be used
with equal force against any act of
Congress of a similar nature, for It is
possible for any company and every
company organized by Congress for
any purpose to transfer the control
of its franchise and its powers and
privileges to citizens of Canada or
any other portion of the world, and it is
only brought in here because this road
runs along the northern boundary of
the United States. This idea is brought
forward as a mere conjecture, and
Congress Is asked to defeat a bill of
this-description and this magnitude so
necessary for the development of the
country and the commercial Interests
of tho entire world upon a possible
contingency that is exceedingly im
probable, as the Senator must admit.
The honorable Senator argues that the
road is objectionable because it runs
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along the northern boundary of the
United States. I, on the contrary,
claim that-that is one reason why the
United States with all possible ex
pedition should cause the construction
of this road.' If this road is construct
ed the United States will obtain the
control of all the trade of that region
of country both in the British posses
sions and the United States. The vast
valley erf the Saskatchewan, the Red
River valley, the Assiniboin valley and
valley of the Saskatchewan, the Red Riv
er Valley, the Assiniboin Valley and many
other extensive valleys In the British pos
sessions which are rich and populous
will be made tributary to this thor
oughfare, and all that portion of the
British possessions lying contiguous
to the northern boundary of the United
States will be made tributary. to this
road. This road will traverse a vast
region through Minnesota, Dakota,
Idaho, Montana and "Washington to
Puget Sound, and its construction
would tend to the development of the
agricultural and mineral resources of
that country, and in an indirect way
It would more than compensate the
United States for all that it might ex
pend in the construction of the road
or become liable to expend if this bill
should become a law. It is perfectly
apparent that the lands cannot be
made In their present situation to
build this road. What were the prairie
lands of Illinois worth in the Interior
of that state lands that are now ex
ceedingly valuable before there was
any railroad constructed in that state?
What were the lands In the' western
part of Iowa and Missouri removed
from navigable waters worth before
there were railroad lines connecting
those lands with some commercial
thoroughfare in the country?. These
lands lying in Minnesota, Montana and
Idaho would be rich and productive If
they were cultivated, but now, when
there are no means of access to them,
they are worth little or nothing. They
will produce nothing of any value to
the individual and nothing of any
value to the country; but build to
them a railroad and they will become
valuable; then they can be sold; then
they will produce an income."
Senator' Fessenden made a long speech
against the .bill, and among other things
said, refering'to the Pacific Coast Sena
tors: "I believe they lay it down as a principle
that everything that goes to the Pacific
Coast is right in the first place and con
stitutional in the second, and it will ,not
do for one of them to vote against it un
der any circumstances, no matter what
the argument is, because if they did that
they would be opposing the Interests of
the Pacific Coast; that is to say they
would not be coming up to the standing
point upon all occasions. They are very
clever gentlemen, and I have a very great
respect and regard for them, but it seems
they must atand by their section of the
country, no matter what the cost to the
Government, and no matter what the re
sult. If it is a Pacific Coast measure, ergo
it is right, ergo It is constitutional, ergo
it must be adopted. AH this Is very acute
logic, no doubt. I do not pretend to com
plain of it. I may say I am unable to
appreciate it."
This somewhat sarcastic speech of Sen
ator Fessenden indicated a feeling some
times evinced in the Senate, a jealousy
of the great and growing Far West by
the older Eastern states. But the main
opposition to the bill was inspired by the
Union Pacific people, who claimed that
the Northern Pacific would be a rival road
injurious to their interests.
Senator Sherman stated that he had
some amendments to offer to the bill and
moved that ft be recommitted to the com
mittee, on Pacific railroads; his motion
prevailed by a vote of 20 for and 19 against
it. Sherman was a member of that com
mittee, and killed the bill in the com
mittee, and it -was never again reported
to the Senate. : I am under the impres
sion that if this bill had passed the road
would have been constructed, ten or 12
years before its completion In 1883, and
perhaps the disastrous financial panic of
1893 occasioned by the failure of Jay Cook
& Co. in their attempt to build the road
would have been averted.
The enterprise languished until . Henry
Villard by his indomitable energy and
financial ability and with his famous blind
pool gave to it vitality and success.
GEORGE! H. WILLIAMS.
Milking; Cows by Machinery.
New York Tribune.
A machine for milking cows is the latest
innovation. - Every since the beginning of
the world. In every country of the globe,
milking has been done by hand, but mod
ern inventive genius has now invaded that
field also. Not only Is the " invention a
labor saver, but it Insures greater clean
liness. Two men or boys In charge of four of
Ljthcse machines can easily milk 50 cows in
one hour, says the inventor, wljo has
milked as many as 45 cows with three
machines In an hour. One machine will
milk two cows at. once, and one boy can
operate two milkers without hustling at
alL The time required will depend a little
on how easily the cows milk.
The milking machlne consists of a large
milk pail made of block tin. The cover
is of aluminum. On this lid is a pump,
also made of aluminum. Rubber tubing
connects the pump with a system of pipes
extending throughout the stable, and
which connects somewhere on the prem
ises with an air compressor. The com
pressor is operated by either electric or
gasoline power. The pump on the milk
pall works automatically when the entire
system of pipes and tubes is connected
up. A rubber tube three feet long con
nects the cups which fit over the teats
of the cow with the lid of the pail. Two
such tubes are connected with each pall,
the milk of two cows going into one pall.
The drawing of the milk by the machine
is in accordance with the manner In
which a calf sucks, rather than with the
squeezing methods of the human hand.
Woman's Rights In Banna.
Harper's Bazaar.
The Burmese woman must make an
excellent wife. A Singapore paper says
that her highest ambition is to main
tain her husband In lordly idleness and
to supply him with abundant funds for
cock-fighting, bullock cart racing and
gamblng. And many of the Burmese
women do big deals in timber, buying
up in advance the "paddy" crops of a
whole district, and so on, on a scale that
requires big financing.
lieved that It should be the loosest
kind of a union, one that could be dis
solved just as soon as it ceased to be
congenial to either of the contracting
parties.v At the age of 19, against his
principles, he married Miss Westbrook,
who fell In love with him while try
ing to convert him to Christianity.
She would have no such loose arrange
ment as Shelley desired, but Insisted on
a regular Church of England union. If
motives could be searched out to their
Inception, it would probably be found that
because Shelley had to marry In order to
get the object of his love, formed the
reason that finally led him to tire of her.
This came after three years. About
that time he fell In love with Mary
Woolstonecroft Goodwin. The two went
together t Switzerland, and after two
months they returned to England, where
Shelley settled an annuity on his wife
and lately born son.
The parting between the Shelleys was
amicable, but the separation had had Its
effect on Mrs. Shelley. She took to in
temperate habits, and finally ended her
life by drowning in the Serpentine.
Then Shelley wedded Miss Goodwin, and
the two went to live In Italy. Not long
after the poet lost his life in a squall.
George Eliot ranked as a great teacher,
and her wonderful works contain not a
Humor in Kitchen Camps
Maintain Good Cheer While They Cook in Open Air.
San Francisco presents today a most
unique appearance. Perhaps of all the
extraordinary features the most unusual
is the sight of the people's kitchen, in the
streets of the unburned district. Never
were so many kinds of cooking contri
vances displayed.
Everything imaginable to facilitate
cooking Is being used by the ingenious
Yankees, and native humor displays itself
in the signs and mottoe9 which adorn
these -works o art. Before every house
on the street close to the sidewalk is a
collection of bricks arranged In a more
or less presentable style, according to
the ingenuity of the owner. Some are In
oblong shapes, some in squares, others in
triangles.
All are dignified by the name of ovens.
Handsome ones made of bricks and mor
tar; poor ones made of bricks without the
mortar; straight ones, whose bricks are
symmetrically arranged, and crooked
ones, whose bricks remind one of the
blind alleys In our once famous China
towns; substantial ones, with windbreaks
to protect them, and unsubstantial ones,
calculated to boil water if the wind does
not blow too hard.
Some people have had there stoves de
tached from their kitchens and moved
into the street. These solid .castiron
members of the old regime look down
with a crushing air on their insignificant
neighbors, who, In spite of their humble
positions, have an Impudent assertive air
which causes the other class to let oft
steam at an alarming rate, and even boll
over Just before dinner.
o
As one walks the streets, he is greeted
everywhere with appetizing odors, and be
holds anxious housewives hovering near,
gotten up in every sort of a costume from
a Paris hat and a calico wrapper to a
bandana and a kitchen apron. One oven,
whose sides and front are protected by
zinc coverings, bears the sign, "Zinc
Cans," a take' off on tne popular res
taurant, "Zinkand's," of ante-earthquake
fame. On another street "Liberty Hall"
flaunts Itself gaily from a red, white and
blue banner, under which members of all
nationalities Jog elbows. On one square
is a brick oven, whose four sides are shel
tered by shutters probably found In the
burned district. A large menu card hangs
from one corner. On going nearer one
reads:
Breakfast.
Lunch.
Dinner. Rubber.
Still another has the '"New St. Francis"
waving from Us windbreak, beside a top
heavy collection of bricks, which looked
ready to be struck "all of a heap" by the
honor.
On one of the handsomest streets Is
"Famine Camp." and near it is the "Ac
cidental Hotel," in remembrance of the
Occidental, dear to so many, of us. In a
line whose Influence is not entirely moral,
yet during a large part of her life she
lived in a way that drew on her the bit
terest criticism.
Her friendship with George Henry
Iewls led to a closer relationship. Mar
riage was out of question, for he already
had a wife living, from whom he was
separated under conditions that precluded
a divorce.
Another woman, with the literary name.
George, similarly dened Mrs. Grundy.
George Sand. Her Intimacy with De Mus-
set and the musician Chopin form wldel
discussed Incidents of her career.
Goethe was never without a passion
and his taste ranged from the greater
ladies of the land, all the way down t
an Innkeeper's daughter.
Heine's last hours were soothed by tli
ministrations of a former mistress. Al
fieri. Italy's greatest dramatic poet t1
the i8th century, defied the laws of matr)
mony by bis alliance with the Counter
of Albany, but It was his good fortune t
win for himself and friend the forgive
ness of the church, and now their asht
rest together in . the Church of Sant
Cruce. at Florence, between those
Michael Angelo and Machiavelll.
Stella and Vanessa, two unmarrie
women, are shown by the writings
Dean Swift to have divided the affec
tions of the great English satirist.
Rousseau, a wonderful writer, of
most varied talent, admits In his con
fesslons that a long line of amoui
finally ended in his union with a youn
girl of no education named Theuse
Vasseur. She bore him five children, a
of whom he sent to the foundling hospita
Eventually he married her.
With just these few instances in mln
it will be seen that Gorky is not the fir:
of geniuses whose sentimental relation
defied the marriage law.
little alley is a big, cheerful Irish worn?.
holding forth In forceful style to a co
lection of youngsters concerning the val
of "Sunny Jim," whose face smiled at i
from a neighboring Are escape close
a home-made contrivance which hospit
bly did duty for all the frying pans in t!
neighborhood.
I spoke to the woman and asked ho
she fared.
"Lord bless yer. Miss. I'm gettin' alor
roine me bit or a nome was clean wip
out, but I am earning my keep here wit
strangers. I slept in the cemetery f
two nights, but somebody gave me a cn
of sour milk, and I cooked hot cakes f
the young ones and myself on one of thel
nice, fiat tombstones!
On another street a whole kitchen h
been built out of a large wooden she
with a hole in the roof for the chimne
a long table as clean as soap and a lin
ited supply of water could make It, a str
of carpet, if you please, on the floor, whi
an old armchair and a faded rocker cor
pleted the furniture. Above It Is tl
placard, "Dew Drop Inn."
On a windy corner ' was a small gir
whose eyes kept watering as the smol
was driven toward her. She was keepii
guard over a grate, above which rock'
a tipsy kettle. On a wooden block w
scratched: "It's better to smoke hei
than hereafter." On a main street was
well-put-up oven, with an awning abo-.
and a couple of long-queued Chinamen i
attendance, whose clean aprons were
source of envy .to every woman th.
passed. Above was the information
"Meals from 50 cents down; or In e
change for San Francisco real estate!"
Another said: "Three hard-boiled egij
for 10 cents, and meals while you wait!
but you'll have to wait long!"
On one street were eight brick ovens
a row. before which seven women In su
bonnets and Mother Hubbards ke
watch, armed with pokers and long stick
They alternately poked the coals ai
peered anxiously into the flames; this Is
process being quite a gymnastic feat di
tinctly. resembling the old-fashion
game of squat-tag. The eighth .worn,
had an ironing-board laid on what w.
once a see-saw. She was Ironing, a:
from her pile of garments, was evideni
doing the neighborhood's washing. Ne
her. on the curbstone, sat a young gi
who sprinkled the clothes from a tine;
of water.
All seeme cheerful, business-like a
on the best of terms witb each other,
the middle wan the sign: "Keep Bu
and Forget It." And this Is what all
San Francisco, bless It! is piuckily n
tempting: "To keep busv and forget 1'
MARION ALLEN
San Francisco. May 15.
The Safety Line at Fake Shows
Atchison Globe.
"I have never shown any sign of ge
ins except that when a showman lnvit
gentlemen from the audience to cop
up on the stage and assist In giving t
performance, I keep my seat' 'f,
Dude.