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PENDLETON". Or., Jan. IS. (Special
Correspondence of the Sunday
Oregonlan. Students of North
west history will be interested to know
that on tne Umatilla Reservation, following-
yet the faithful, unswerving:
Christian precepts instilled into her
mind as a child by Marcus 'Whitman
and his beautiful wife, Narcissa. lives
Ip-na-sol-a-tok, or Indian Sarah, a
full-blood Cayuse woman and onco a
pupil of "Whitman at WaUlatpu. At
the time of the Whitman massacre in
November, 1S47, Sarah was a girl 13
years of age, and remembers the trag
edy and Its attendant incidents with
remarkable vividness.
So far as is known now, Sarah is
actually the only living: Indian pupil
of the Whitman Mission, although
there are a hundred Umatilla Indians
who were alive at that time and who
remember some of the characteristics
6f "Whitman. '
For three years before the massacre
of Whitman, Sarah had been a pupil
at the mission, and in all the. inter
vening years since the awful tragedy
this faithful Cayuse has cherished the
teachings of the missionary, and al
though she docs not speak English at
all, she yet Ings the hymns, in Eng
lish, which Whitman and his wife
taught "the little class of Cayuses
around the mission fires CO years ago.
After the Whitman massacre the
mission was practically abandoned,
and yet the Whitman converts kept
alive the Christian fires on the Uma
tilla Reservation. Occasionally a na
tive minister from the Nez Perce mis
sion at Spaulding, Idaho, would come
over and hold services on the Umatil
la Reservation, but the church relin
quished its authority upon the Whit
man organization, and from 1S47 un
til June. 1882. the actual church found-
TV TLrs&TirLAr cwo&s&''aAr 0-t-o&s&'
ed by Whitman was abandoned, except
by the faithful Indians, who remained
steadfast to the religion of the mar
tyred missionary.
Revived the Whitman Church. -
Seeing the steadfastness and faith
fulness of the Indians who had been
touched by the Christian spirit, the
Presbyterian Board of Home Missions
in 1882 formally reorganized the Whit
man Church on the Umatilla Reserva
tion at the request of the Indians and
a building was erected for worship.
This church was built largely by In
dian labor and is a proud monument
to the Integrity and unfaltering Chris
tian spirit of the old converts of
Whitman.
Transient ministers, among them
many full-blood 2Cez Perccs from the
Spaulding mission, filled the pulpit of
the little mission church on the reser
vation and the membership revived
and grew, until In May. 1S99. Rev. J.
M. Cornelison. a native of Richmond,
Kentucky, and a young graduate of a
Presbyterian seminary, was appointed
by the Home Mission Board of the
Presbyterian Church to be peneanent
missionary on the Umatilla Rferva
tlon. and when he took up his work
he was forced to live in a tent and
roanj from place to place as his no
madic flock migrated from camping
place to camping place. At that time
he could not speak a word of ihe lan
guage and had seen but fcv Indians
before.
Successor to Whitman.,
Within a year he was preaching
short sermons to the Umatillas In their
native tongue. He devoted himself
closely and persistently to his work,
won .the confidence of the Indians, se
cured an able Indian helper in his
services for the lirst year and toduv
speaks the language fluently and
writes and reads It better "than any
known member of the tribe.
Thus Mr. Cornelison became the first
among the Cayuses. and is today pastor of
the little mission church on the Umatilla
Reservation, where hexenjoys the unques
tioned friendship of every member of tho
tribe.
The mission today comprises about 45
active members, with a regularly organ
ized church body, with Indian elders, Sun
day school organization and trustees, and
Is one of the leading recognized church
bodies In the home mission work In Ore
gon. A Permanent Abode.
In 150U after, roaming tpr two years with
the Umatilla?. living In his tent and
camping with the tribesmen In their
travels from place to place as the seasons
moved them. Mr. Cornelison had so far
organized hi? work that a manse for the
pastor was bulft and the tent abandoned.
Th young missionary moved with his
bride Into the new manse, and in 1S02 a
hew and larger church building was
erected at a cost of J15C0, and today the
organization la most prosperous and pro
gressive. The new mission church is lo
pe rmanent successor to Marcus Whitman ; catcd six miles southeast of Pendleton, in
the heart of the richest portion of
Umatilla reservation.
The elders of the church are all Indians;
Amos Pond, a Umatilla; Robinson Mln
thorn aCayuse-Nez P2rce, and Philip
Mlnthorn. a full-blood Cayuse. The 6r
vlces ace all conducted In the Cayuse
Xes Perce, the common language of the
Umatlllas. although the older Indians are
proud to think that their children are
learning the English language and the
white man's ways, and many of the older
Christian Indians censure themselves that
they did not learn more English in their
youth in order to conduct their business
and better protect themselves from un
principled whites, who always Infest the
reservation.
Faithful to Whitman.
Philip Mlnthorn, the full-blood Cayuse.
has been an elder in this mission for IS
years, and Id a fine specimen of the sturdy
Indian character. He w: a child l.year
old when the "Whitman massacre took
place, and his father. Old Yellow Hawk,
one of the great chleftalno among the
Cayuses, was a faithful and unswerving
Christian, and wak'.one of the principal
Indians to keep alive the fires' of Chris
tianity started among his people by Whit
man. "'
Philip iys that his. first recollections
when a very young child are the regular
morning and evening prayers offered by
his father. Yellow Hawk, in his tepee on
the banks of the Umatilla River, a few
years after the massacre. The old Indian
was ever faithful, and to the teachings
of that savage father, who had ben
touched by the Inspiration of Marcus
Whitman's life and conduct, i due the
long Christian service of Philip Mln
thorn. the present elder of the reorgan
ized mission founded by Whitman.
It Is remarkable that during a laps? of
23 years from 1S47 until 18S2, during which
time the hand and influence of the church
boards were withdrawn from the Whit
man converts, that a little handful of
them remained true to the teaching of the
missionary, and that Instead of degener
ating and going back Into savagery, the
little spark of Christian light grew and
grew until it finally again" attracted the
attention of the churches and an organ
ized effort was made to keep it alive and
revivify it with the help and support of
the home mission funds and laborers.
It Is an Inspiring and thrilling scene to
witness the services in the little mission
church, and to listen to the prayers and
songs taught the Cayuses by Marcus
Wliitman 60 years ago, repeated today In
the self-same limpid Cayuse tongue In
which Whitman spoke and prayed.
The dark tragedy at Walllatpu inter
rupted the work and destroyed the lives
of those who started It and nourished it
so devotedly, but after a lapse of nearly
half a century the broken threads were
onco more gathered up. the shuttles of
thought and teaching wore once again
started, and the unfinished work of Whit
man is being carried forward in an un
ostentatious manner.. ,
It is Ip-na-sol-a-tok you hear repeating
In her quavering, unsteady voice tho
words of the Lord's Prayer, just as she
learned It from Marcus Whitman, when a
timid girl In her early teens. In all those
years she has not forgotten it, and today
declares she can" behold the golden locks
streaming over the shoulders and encir
cling the sweet" face of Narcissa Whitman,
the wife of the missionary.
BERT HUFFMAN.
r
V1
VA
T' HE admission of Senators and Rep
resentatives from the State of Ten
nessee to seats in Congress was the
first step taken In the restoration of the
rebellious states to their former relations
to the Union. On the 20th of July. 1866.
2dr. Bingham, of Ohio, offered in the
House the following:
Joint resolution declaring Tennessee again
entitled to Senators and Representatives In
Congress:
"Whereas, The State of Tennessee has In pood
Jalth Tatlfied the article of amendment to the
Constitution.! of the United States proposed
by the 30th Congress to the Legislatures of
Jhc several states, and has shown otherwise
to the satisfaction- or Congress obedience In
the body of her people, her return to her
due allegiance to tho Gox-ernment. laws and
authority of the United States; therefore, be
Resolved, by the Senate and House of Rep
resentative of the United States In Congress
aw-embled. That the State of Tennessee is
hereby declared to bo restored to her former
proper and practical relation to the "Union and
again entitled to be represented by Senators
and Representatives In Congress duly elected
and qualified upon their taking the oath of
office required by existing law.
This passed the House by a vote of 125
to 12, most of the Democrats voting for
it after unsuccessfully trying to defeat
the preamble.
When the Joint resolution came over to
the Senate it was referred to the ju
diciary committee. Senator Trumbull,
chairman of the committee, reported a
substitute for the House resolution- which,
after a long preamble, summarizing the
acts of rebellion on the part of the state
and Its acceptance of the Fourteenth
Amendment, provided: "That the United
States do hereby recognize tho govern
ment of the State of Tennessee organized
as aforesaid as the legitimate government
of said state, entitled to all the rights
a & state government under the Consti
tution of the United state's."
An Obnoxious Preamble.
Senator Sherman strongly opposed the
substitute, as the preamble would pro
voke a veto by the President. Mr. Trum
bull appeared to be offended by- this ar
gument and accused Sherman of aban
doning his op4nlen8 for the sake of con
ciliating the President. This Sherman
deated, and & warm and somewhat per
sonal debate ensued between these ge
tleme. I made & speech against the sub
stitute la which I contended tliat in gee
faitk we ought to say expressly- as the
PERSONAL RECOLLECTIONS OF JUDGE GEORGE H. WILLIAMS. .No. X: WHEN THE
FIRST REBELLIOUS STATE WAS REHABILITATED.
House had, that Tennessee was entitled
to representation fn Uongress, and not
adopt a substitute simply recognizing
the state government of the state, which
might mean one thing or another. Sen
ator Sumner moved an amendment to
the resolution providing that as a con
dition of its representation in Congress
the state should adopt suffrage without
distinction of race or color, but this
amendment was voted down, 21 against
i for it.
Senator Henderson was in favor of
striking out all preambles to the res
olution, and made a very sensible and
forcible speech in favor of that prop
osition. While the Senate was in com
mittee of the whole It voted, by a vote
of 16 to 22, to strike out the preamble
reported by the Judiciary committee,
"but otherwise the report of said com
mittee was adopted, by a vote of 24
for and 18 against it. When the com
mittee of the whole reported the reso
lution to the Senate, the substitute
proposed by the Judiciary committee
was rejected by a vote of 11 for and 31
against it, and the resolution of the
House was adopted, with an amend
ment striking out all after .the word
Congress, so that the joint resolution
would read: "That the State of Ten
nessee is hereby restored to her for
mer proper practical relations to the
Union, and is entitled to be represent
ed by Senators and Representatives In
Congress." Then the preamble re part
ed by the judiciary committee after it
was trimmed down some by amend
ments rwas adopted. The Joint resolu
tion then passed the Senate by a vote
of 2S for and -1 against It.
Where Extremes Met, "
To shew hew extremes sometimes
meet, said four vetes were given by
Buckalen and McDeugal, two radical
Democrats, and Brown and Sumnor,
two radical Republicans. The Bouse
without any hesitation agreed te the
resolution., as it was amused by the
Senate. President Johnson did not
veto the resolution, but sent a mes
sage to the House, In which, after
saying that he had approved it, among
other things further said: "My ap
proval, however, is not to be construed
a an acknowledgment of the right of
Congress to pass laws preliminary to
the adraiselon of duly qualified repre
sentatives from any of the states.
Neither is It to be considered as com
mitting me to all of the statements In
the preamble,-, some of which are. In
my opinion, without foundation in fact,
especially the assertion that the State
of Tennessee had ratified the amend
ment to the Constitution of ihe United
States proposed by the Thirty-ninth
Congress." fhls message was received
with derisive laughter by the Repub
licans and with applause by the Dem
ecrats. Messrs. Fowler and Patterson
took their seats as Senators from Tea
lessee immediately up a the approval
of the resolution by the President.
The war came to an ed m April. UK,
and in July. MN. a Utile more the a
year after ihosttttties eessod, T assume.
onc.of the rebellious states, was restored
In all respects to ts former relations to
the Union. All the other ten states In
the rebellion had an equal opportunity,
but they blindly sacrificed their best in
terests to the animosities of the war. and
stubbornly refused to recognize tho right
of Congress te Impose any condition upon
their restoration. Much bitter comment
has been made upon the so-called carpet
bag governments. Much also has been
said, and more than la true, about the
wrohg doings of the Government In re
construction days; oat if the other ten
rebellious states had spied like Tennessee
there could have been little grou-nd for
these complaints.
XcDoagal's Defense of "Whisky.
Senator MeDoegal, of California, one of
the two Democrats who vet Hi against the
of Tennessee, .was a aentte-
mas of ooeontrteifetos. He was evidently
a extensive reader, with a good
He lavarlahiy voted asjsjaot everything
jrofMa br Hep usMoawe as to Southern
affairs. When I went to Washington
there was a place near the entrance of
the Senate known as the "hole In the
wall" from which intoxicants were dis
pensed to Senators and others. Senator
Wilson, of Massachusetts, introduced a
resolution prohibiting the sale of all kinds
of intoxicating liquors in the public build
ings. Senator McDougal was a frequent
speaker In the Senate, but his speeches
were pedantic, rambling and Illogical, and
I append a copy of the speech he made
upon this occasion, to which I listened
with some surprise, as a specimen of bjs
oratory and as a curiosity of Congression
al literature:
"Mr. President: It wa3 once said
that there were as many minds as
men. and there Is no end of wrangling.
I had occasion some years since to
discourse with a reverend doctor of
divinity from the state which has the
honor to be the birthplace. I think,
of the present president of this, body.
While I was discoursing with him, a
lot of vile rapscallions "invited me to.
Join them at the bar. I declined out
of repect to th reverend gentleman
la who presence T thoa 'was. As
soon as the occasion had passed, I re
marked to the reverend doctor: To
you understand that I declined to go
and Join tbroso young men at the bar
because I have any objection to that
thing, for it is my habit to drink al
ways In the front and not behind the
door? He looked at me with a cer
tain degree of Interrogation. I then
asked him: 'Doctor, what was the
first great miracle worketPby our
great Master?" He hesitated and, I
saU to him: 'Was it not at Cana in
Galilee, when he converted water Into
wli.c at a marriage feast? He as
sented. I asked him then: 'After the
ark had floated cn tho tempestuous
seas for 45 days and nights, as it de
scended upon the dry land, what was
the first thing done by Father Noah?'
He did not know that exactly. 'Well,
said I. 'did he not plant a vine?' Yes.
he remembered It. .Then I asked him:
'Do you remember any great poet that
over Illustrated the higher fields of
humanity that did not dignify the use
of wine from old Homer down?. Do
you know of any great philosopher
that did not use it for the exaltation
of his intelligence? Do you think,
doctor, that a man who lived on pork
and beans and cornbread could get up
Into the superior regions; into the
ethereal? No, he must
Take nectar on High Olympus
And nUgsty laead is Valhalla.
"I said to him: "Doctor, you are a schol
arly man. a doctor of divinity, a grad
uate of Yale. Do yen remember Plato's
symposium?
"Yes, he remembered that. I referred
hint te the occasion when Agatho, having
won the prhw'ef tragedy at the Olympic
games at Corinth, in coming, sack to
Athene, was feted by tBte nobility and
aristocracy of, that city,, for it was a
proud triumph of Athens to win; the prize
eC tragedy. They got together at the,
boooeof hpH(oae, and ther said: Now
-(ro hae every; nicht lac t&aa last six
nights been drunk. Let us be sober to
night, and we will start a theme.
"This they passed around the table -as
the sun goes round, or as they drank their
wine, or as men tell a story. They start
ed a theme, and the theme was love, not
love in the vulgar sense, but InUa high
sense, the love of all that Is beautiful.
After they had gone through and after
Socrates had pronounced his judgment
about the true and the beautiful, in came
Alclbiades, with a drunken body of "Athe
nian boys, with garlands around their
heads to crown Agatho and crown old
Socrates, and they said to those assem
bled: 'This will not do we have been
drinking and you have not. and after
Alclbiades had made his talk In pursu
ance of the argument. In which he under
took to dignify Socrates, as I remember
it, .they required (after the party had
agreed to drink. It being quite late In the
evening and they had finished their busi
ness In the wayf discussion), that Soc
rates should drink two measures for
every other man's one, because he was
better able to stand It. And so one after
another they were laid down on tho
lounges In the Athenian style, all except
an. old physician named Arlstoderoas.
Plato makes him the hardest-headed fel
low except Socrates. He and Socrates
stuck at It until the gray of the morn
ing, and then Socrates took a bath and
went down to the groves and talked aca
demic knowledge. After citing this Inci
dent. I said to the divine;
" 'Do you remember that Lord Bacon
said that a man should get drunk at
least once a month, and that Montaigne,
the French philosopher. Indorses the prop
osition?' "Thesevexaltants that bring xts up aboe
the common measure of th brute, wine
and oil, .elevate, us. enable us to seize
great facts. Inspirations which once
possessed arc ours forever, apd those who
never go beyond the mere beastly means
of animal support never live In the high
plains of life and cannot achieve them.
I believe In women. . wine, whisky and
war."
All the Senators voted for WUson'9 reso
lution' except Davis, of Kentucky, and
McDougal, of California. Davl voted
against it because it was: introduced by
Wilson, and McDougal because 'he was
In favor of. "wine and whisky.
GEORGE JT. WILLIAMS.
"Ba-a! Ba-a-a'"
Atehisoa'Glooe. .
Of this y&m. may he sure, that tho black.
shoop in every family wsa oace Mm moot
netted lamb.