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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 24, 1905)
4 THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, SEPTE3IBER 4, 1905. f 1 y i?ar jwriwm mice why BngMid&ge refc oasts szmxr is 11 -f - - Arrm w rANILA. Aug. 2. (Special Corre spondence of The Sunday Orogon lan.) The constabulary, the Judi ciary uid the finance are the three big departments of the Philippine civil gov ernment. These br&Hcheii, incorporating as Uey do the elementary principles of government, will fully test the efficiency of tb American administration. The three dirMons are so donely reiatod as to be pmdioally Inseparable, One could hardly endure without the support of the other. Of eewrw. the first consideration In the maintenance of order, yet it follows that without Justice there can be no perma nent peace; aim that It is impossible to maintain government without a sound system of finance. The constabulary, aside from being the meet expensive department under the drk government, has been the rock upon which both the governing and the gov erned have split into factions. Thero was debate ever Its organization, and there has been continuous debate concerning Un operation. "While American public senti ment wits unanimous In supporting the McKtntey administration Jn the war agauwt Spain, one of the first things which came home to the officials after the acquisition of the Philippines had resulted &c ono of .the outcomes of that war, was that the American people would not con sent to a permanent military occupation of any of the territory thus acquired. The i principle of Mberty is so strong Jn the i Unttod States that any policy savoring of , the "mailed fltt." is certain to bocome i unpopular. Realizing that a permanent military programme would be sure to sink any administration that championed it, tho party leadors hastened the formation of the civil government. Constabulary a Compromise. When the docirion was reached to with draw the American troops, a difference of opinion arose as to how they should be replaced. Some of our brightest men contended that the local speace offlcora would be able to control the situation without any assistance, while others ar gued that the withdrawal of all armed forces would simply promote brigandage and initiate a reign of terror. While it "was admitted that the full force of the military would not be necessary to pre serve order throughout the islands, it was insisted that the local authorities alone could not con(rol the situatlop. And, so the eemtaxbulary. being native trojops offi cered by Americans, -wag really a com promise botweon the unnecessary strength 'of the military 'and tho In adequacy of the local officers. It did net take long to establish the wisdom of those statesmen who main tained that disorder would prevail unless an armed force was kept on the scene to hold the lawless in chock- The constabu lary has been kept busy from the outset. Its members have had no days off. "While the country lias in the main been pacified, there are still roving bands of ladrones, or outlaws, who infest certain sections. These desperadoes are not a new feature of Philippine life. They have boon prac ticing their depredations for hundreds of years, the Spaniards never being able to subdue thorn. Taken at Their Own Garnc. The tactics of these brigands are such that large bodies of troops cannot operate against them. They hide In mountain fastnesses and swoop down upon outlying village or waylay the traveler. They will not make a stand against an equal force, but take to the mountains on the ap proach of opposition. The only way to fight thorn is to follow them Into their retreat and play the game according to their code. This the constabulary has done successfully. During the first year after Its organization 1185 outlaws were killed and 2722 wore captured. "With one or two exceptions the con stabulary has bcon equal to the work laid out for it in all parts of the archipel ago. Mindanao and several other of the southern group of islands occupied by the fanatical Moros will keep the regular troops busy for Jsome years to come, whil Samar. located in the east central part of tne group, has just -been -partially turned over to tho military, the nativo forces being unequal to the task of paci fying it. Samar Is an island about the size of Connecticut It is mountainous and has no roads. It will best be remembered as the place that Jakey Smith tried to con vert Jnto a .howling wilderness, and it may be added that since he was recalled and reprimanded the bandits have made a good job of what he attempted. The population of Samar consists of two "cTksVs, namely, the coast dwellers, who engaffslln .the hemp business and who would o peaceful if they had the op portunity; and the mountaineers, who are snore or Jess brigands. The mountaineers come down to the villages and notify the Inhabitant that If they give food or assistance of any kind to the constabu lary their lives roust pay the forfeit. Along comes the constabulary and serves notice on the villagers that if they give succor to the mountaineers they will bo arrested. Consequently the coast dweller Is between two Area Empty Villages In Samar. These villagers are ignorant and do not like to pay taxes. They live in communities of moro shacks, which are easily erected and as easily abandoned. The report that a tax collector or a detachment of Constabulary is headed that way is nil that is necossary to cause tho complote evacuation of a vil lage in a few hours. As a result of the atrocities commlttod by tho la drones and the arrests of the Constab ulary, the men. women and children of the east coast have decamped to the mountains. "While the ladrones will not make a stand against a white man If they can avoid it, thoy are rollgious fanatics and fierce fighters among themselves, which Is, shown by a fight which oc curred recently between 6t mountain eers and a small dotachment of the i Constabulary. Tho latter were forti fied in a stockade, and were armed with modern guns, while the moun taineers had nothing more formidable than the bolo, which is merely a sharp ened corn knife. The bolo can - only bo used at short range, hence the at tacking party had not the slightest chance of success, yet its members one after another clambered up the sides of the stockade to certain death. Finally when only six were left they deliberately retirod to an open place within oasy range of the guns of the stockade and dancod until they were shot to death. This shows what kind of stuff Jakey Smith had to go against when ho started in to make a howling: wilder ness of Samar. It is a notable fact that when a clash ocurs between the Constabulary and the outlaws, the native press raises a groat hullabaloo about It, endeavor ing to create the impression that the Constabulary Is composed of a lot of marauders who loot and butcher sim ply for the pleasure of gratifying their depraved instincts. It is noticeable, too, that these agitators do not pro nounce against the cause which made It necessary to use force, but conter tholr whole argument in a denuncia tion of tho soldiery! In all Instances where pitched battlos have occurred the ladrones have first boon guilty of atrocities so terrlbje as to make their destruction an Imperative necessity. "Shoe Hombro" Causes Trouble. The actual truth about this system of brigandage as it prevails in the Philippines is not generally understood. The' worst enomy of tho civil govern ment is not tho ignorant native who beoomes a bandit and ovontually gets killed for his malfeasance, but rather the seml-clvlllzed agitator who encour ages' him in h'is outlawry. It i com monly understood by the officials here! that the "shoe hombre" (man who wears shoes) is the real Instigator of the trouble. Sometimes the bandits are referred to as revolutionists, although it is difficult to understand what they are revolting against. Formerly they rebelled bocause they were oppressed, but there is no such reason- now for their remaining- under arms. They can work if they want to, and will be pro tected in any pursuit in which they may engage. The whole secret of the trouble lies in what is known as "caclqulsm," whloh Is bosslsm in Its most flagrant sense. A head man In a community will intimidate and rob hundreds of people. He may be an official, a dealer in nomp, a man of means, or a politi cian. The system even descends to the overseer of 15 or 20 laborers, who col lects 20 per cent of the wages Nof his poor underlings. Any who havo the courage to rebel against this Imposi tion are promptly discharged and oth ers put in their places who will pay toll to the boss. . i Bosses Divide With Liadrpncs. In many instances tho connection between officials and the ladrones has been established. In one town .It wbs discovered that' over half of tho taxes had been diverted from the -treasury. Of the amount purloined, two-thirds had been retained by the officials and one-third turned over to tho putlaws. When all parties -were apprehended and arraigned, the bandits said the "dona tion" waB for the furtherance of their cause (revolution), while tho officials begged off on the plea that they had been intimidated by thb ruffians. A number of prominent persons were caught red-handed In this transaction, and the native papers went Into more spasms about citizens being hounded by the Constabulary. A consoling fea ture of the incident was that those in volved in the theft were sentenced to the penitentiary by a Filipino Judge. This system of boeslsm is the curse of the Islands, and is so deep-rooted that much time will be required to eradicate It. U3. ir spreading sedition Is another. The cdl- f absence of. jury trial,, and the use of Span tors of one paper are now on trial for 1 lah as the court language. It would bo libel, and even If they escape conviction ! Impossible to have trials by Jury, for the will have to cease their tirades or even- ! reason that 90 per cent of the people are tually land In the penitentiary. ' to Ignorant that they have no conception The Jud!c!arVd03lgncd t follow closely i of the common principles of law. If Eng on the heels of the constabulary In the ' llsh had been made the official langungo work of reconstruction, has also had In- : of the courts, most of the people, being numerable obstacles to overcome. The ; without a knowledge of cither English or whole Spanish system had to be torn up i Spanish, would have needed two or more The domination of the hoed man Is so complete, and the people are so little' ac quainted with the Idea of taking tholr troubles to the courts that the work of i fixing responsibility and meting out pun j lshment to offenders Is necessarily slow. As developments show the bosses and j gucrlltas to be In league, no effort should i be scared In punishing them all. The scurrilous native press, which practically defends ladronlsm by crying down the cf- ; ny the roots and a substitute provided. interpreters, in consulting their lawyers, fort to suppress it, should be silenced at Two -unique phases of the application of By adopting Spanish as the court Inn all hazards. Free speech Is one thing and ; American law to the Philippines Is the i guago, matters were somewhat simplified. for the reason that .the majority of the natlvelawyers understand Spanish and the native dialects. Th'o Philippine Judiciary. The personnel of the Philippine Judiciary comprises both Filipinos and Americans. The policy has been to appoint Filipinos as fast as competent ones could be found. Although scholarly development was very much restricted under Spanish rule, law yers form a large part of the cultured class In the Philippines. The present Chief Justice of the Supreme Court, Judge Cay etano Arellano, and the Solicitor-General, Hon. Gregorio Araneta, are both brilliant men who would be conspicuous in the courts of any land. In selecting Ameri cans for the judiciary, no attention has been paid to party affiliation, the records showing that there are more Democrats serving than Republicans. Tho Judiciary proper consists of the Su preme Court, the courts of first Instance, the Bureau of Justice, and the Justices of the Peace. There are 23 first-Instance Justices, about one-third of these being natives. The Justices of the Peace num ber 1033. and these are all natives. The last named are a disappointment. The most of them are Ignorant to begin with, and are either cowed by or In league with the petty bosses, so that they are failures In defending tho minor rights of the classes. The provincial flscals, or Prose cuting Attorneys, have also failed to pro mote the work of the constabulary In ap prehending and prosecuting violators of the law. Although the work of the Su preme Court has been highly satisfactory, the volume of business has been in excess of its capacity. At the present time there are 1000 cases on the docket, which will require at least two and a half years to dispose of. Gold Standard Is Established. The Bureau of Currency has been re markably successful in the difficult task of placing tho Philippines upon a gold basts. About 30,000,000 pesos of cheap money has been withdrawn from circula tion and its equivalent In stable currency Issued. The old "local currency" consist ed of Mexican dollars. Spanish-Filipino dollars, Chinese money and copper coins from almost every country in the Orlem. the value of which shifted so constantly that no man ever knew Just what he was worth. In order to have the value of the new money , generally understood, anounce ments were prepared and translated Into 21 different languages and dialects. These notices were posted throughout tho Island and tholr contents shouted by town criers. On account of all salaries of the Insular, provincial and municipal governments be ing paid In the new currency, as well as all duties and taxes, the natives soon came to be familiar with It. The day of the cheap and changeable "Mex" Is for ever past, and the establishment of the gold standard, with Its blessing- of stabil ity Is an accomplished fact. FREDERIC J. HASKIN. m, 1 ft 1 ' TV 711 WT HTl O Semi-Military Sack Suits Are in Favor Sep at Men 111 raShlOn Will Wear IhlS OeaSOIl Cuffs Have Been Put Under the Ban. Separate THE man of fashion of IKS and IXC will be the most dandiacal of all the men of fashion for many, years post. The details of his dross will be less ec centric than heretofore, but where the .freakish has given way, elegance has stepped In. At the opera, theaters, or other places where evening dress Is considered abso lutely essential the immaculate shirt fronts arc to have the wearer's mono gram embroidered on the upper left bos om. The possibilities for unique designs and blending of colors are unlimited. Hereafter any one wearing monograms upon his sleeves will be frowned upon. Abas, tho Separate Cuffs. The ban has been put upon detachable cuffs.' In order to Avoid the scorn of his fellows, one must have shirt and cuffs all In tho same pleco of linen. Ties worn with evonlng dress must have the broad ends only, and shirt studs and cuff links ore to be of pearl. An nttempt will bo 'made to revive the colored collar, to oe of the same pattern as the shirt, which fashion decrees Is to be one solid color, with the pattern evolved of narrow striping. Some of the cellars will be attached to the shirts. Toeso are for beforc-noon wear only,. The new models In seml-mllltary sack suits present an exceptionally dressy ap pearance, the shaping- In' at the waist line accentuating form defining qualities. Moderate in length, snug across tho back, "With, outward spring extending from tho bins, are the proper things. Center and side vents are shown, in some models ex tending to 12 Inches. A pleasing contrast in the proportions of garments Is furnished in fall and cold weather fashions, as compared with standard makes prevailing throughout the past Spring and Summer. Extreme lengths and looseness without limit char acterized clothes In the period mentioned. The current mode calls for .fairly long and loose dimensions, revealing artistic trlomphs In designing and shaping. This departure results in making mockery of fashion conspicuous by its absence. Outre and freak creations never receive tho ap probation of dependable sartorial author ities, but are" introduced by risque cus tom tailors in iopo of meriting indorse ment on the part of their jeunesse trade. The range of eligible styles In late Au tumn overcoats Includes Chesterfields, rart&ns. paddocks. Belt-backs, surtouts and paletots. The Chesterfield claims a larger percentage of favor, partly because It is plainest of all styles and is loose fitting, and also owing to the fact of its proving- more becoming to men generally than any other shape. A reasonably deep vent in the center of the back of the gar ment Is approved, to facilltatqjocomotlon. The Chesterfield Is voted In good form for all occasions. The preferred candidate for early Au tumn wear Is the box covert coat, which Is offered In a wide variety of tan shades, as well as In asserted weights. Silk or serge lining obtains. An advantage cited for the covert coat is that It Is-equally well adapted to street woar and for rid ing. Simplicity and uniformity continue the twin graces of evening clothes. Favorite fabrics arc smooth finished worsteds and soft faced vicunas. The trousers should be of similar goods, and disclosing braid ed outer seam. A choice is afforded In the matter of selection of white waist coat, both single and double-breasted, pat terns being rated by prevailing vogue as entitled to position in the elect column. If black waistcoat be worn It should be single breasted and of same material as coat. Felt bands on sHk hats are con sidered somewhat smarter than ribbon trimming. The use of the opera hat ought to be confined to theater, but yet at the playhouse the silk tile Is well wjthln Its rights. Tho plain white shirt has su perseded the pique bosom effect. Collars, Gloves and Snocs. The authentic collar for evening dress Is the lap front, but the poke stylo of neck Urien, showing a slight turn In points, Is a formidable place-holder. TEvenlng gloves are of white or pearl glace with silk embroidered backs of corresponding color. An exclusive style suggests black silk embroidery Instead of similar shade to glove. Evening dress shoes aro made up with dull calfskin vamp and varnished coltskln last, with medium toe. Button boots may "give way to patent leather pumps for the dance. Black silk half hose and silk undersults axe en regie. "With strictly formal dress the Inverness cape overcoat Is regarded as more sightly than any other style. Double-breasted frpek coats for wear at day weddings, afternoon calls, receptions, church and matinees, are best when made of soft cheviot, vicuna, pr diagonal worst ed, with silk facings, and either silk or serge lining. If single or double-breasted waistcoat of the. same material as the coat be not worn, white linen duck is given preference. The trousers are cone trastlng In pattern, striped worsteds or cheviete of dark gray narmonlalng most agreeably. The -Tuxeeo, or, as the gar ment Is more properly termed, "dinner Jacket," does service at such social func tions as informal dinners, at the club, stag parties, or home gatherings. This is a much abused garment, somo "society aspirants" violating sartorial ethics to tho extent of Incongruously combining dinner jacket with high hat. As a conces sion to wearer of "dinner Jackets" tho soft, negligee shirt bosom may bo worn. Instead of the traditional "board front." FuII-Fashloncd Underwear. Tears ago it was said by those who professed to be entitled, to the center of the limelight In the oracular class that domestic producers of men's un derwear would never rlso in mercantllo station beyond tho popular-price realm. Nowadays, tho alleged sapient predic tion to tho contrary notwithstanding", American manufacturers are tially booking substantial volumes of re quests for full fashioned underwear made of bright thread, silk that sells over tho retail haberdasher's counter for from. ISO upward per suit. These goods are thought most effective In blUe. straw color, pink or white. Somo special-order garments fetch even fan cier prlcos. f A novelty In before-noon shirts 13 mado of solid color fabric, the patterns being evolved by narrow striplngs. The collar is of the same material as shirt, bbt without having been put through the dyeing process. A close resemblance to this Idea Is also being tried on, with tho difference, however, that the collar Is a continuous performance of the shirt. In other words, the collar Is sta tionary in tho latter reference, where as. In the former tho collar Is detach able. Embroidered and plaited bosoms are prominently advocated as Autumn favorites. Tho Leather Goods. Fashion and convenience are united In some recent Importations of leather goods calculated to make easy the path of the traveler or tourist. The English kit bag is offered as a competitor in the survival of the fittest contest engaged In by dress suit cases. The London kit affords more cubic inches of space than Its appearance would seem to Indi cate. The two-story hat holder accom mbdates silk, derby, and opera hat. Sporting watch guards are in evidence fashioned on the model of the bridle bit. The watch wristlet Is made at stout leather, and means much convenience to tho huntsman. Square shaped leath er hat cases have capacity for silk tile, and at the same time supply storage facilities for collars and cuffs. Incidentals, not essentials, change In approved evenlnff dross. The revised modo in whlto waistcoats ordains that the so-called elliptical shaped shawl or roll collar shall bo dominant. Six but tons aro set In wedge-like formation, presenting a geometrically accurate allgnmonc Tims pearl buttons trt pierced with gold stitching. The leading- Autumn cravat Is the two and a half Inch wide folded, four-ln-hand. Collars are distinctive by reason of very wide stitching. Both wing and fold shapes are principally for day wear. Fancy and plain linen handkerchiefs divide favor. Colored borders and fig ured centers are In demand. Conserva tive tones distinguish Autumn hosiery for men. Saddler sewn heavy tan cape gloves are on top. J'o Mora 3Hlltary Heels. Military heels aro down and out. Common sense footwear has again como into Its own. Evening- mufflers, dress protectors, reefers are represen tative of discriminating- taste when in plain white or black and cut on ample squares. Knitted gloves of Scotch wool aro on deck for biting weather. Deep gray lisle gloves, fine and sheer, are sent forth for wear with evening- Jack et, thus aldlnsr the Idea of an all-together (In shade) group of bandwear, tie' and walsfcoa White buckskin gloves are worn until JTr. "Well Dressed reaches the scene of festivities. This plan is adopted to the end that the evening glace gloves be not soiled ahead of time. Cream colored silk handkerchiefs find some favor for evening- wear, main ly because they aHow of being readily arranged In smaller compass than linen. Ascot cravats In five-inch style are reckoned without a peer. Fancy mufflers are winners when unllned and unstitched. Satin and silk mixtures in Jacquard weaves make up in handsome cravats. Plain and figured lawns and linens are the only correct fabrics fo.r formal ovenlng dress. Self designs in figures, stripes and spots are shown In ties for wear with dinner Jacket. Half boae are offered in patterns corre sponding" with design of undersult. Thi coat cut shirt is clearly the acknowl edged pacemaker. Attached cuffs are now preferred' wider than for many months. Full crowns, a llttlo higher than shown in Spring blocks, are introduced in Derby hats some with dcml-flat top, suggesting square . crown. Brims are offered In round edge oval curl, a trifle wider than last season. Fourteen Hgne band and 12 llgne binding form a fetching combination. Silk hats have short bell shape with full ourve. Medium heavy canes, with plain metal tipped crooks, are favored. An extensive variety of wood is utilized. Self-opening umbrellas, operated 'by automatic spring, are again on the mar ket. Taese show ornate handles. Ultra deslgna In suspenders have been side tracked. Peg top trousers today are seldom -on aale, even In ready-made stocks. O, Kemembcr, 'TIs September. "When you see the sun is sinking- in a sea of Blckenlnff rays, And you hear the bull bat's bugle In ta beatific haze: ... .v "When the butterfly flies flickering la ,th fleecy atmosphere As old katydid keeps kidding of the "yellow and tho sere" O remember. 'TIs September. "Wben the little pickaninnies pick red peppers by the peck And the trorler bullfrog- bellows when you book blm in the neck; "WTien the farmers "bug" potatoes with tho latest new machines And the gentle Carrie Nation knocks saloons to smithereens, O remember TIs September. "Whea the catbird's cachlnnatloas court con tagion from-the skr, As the angleworm works wonders with th fishermen who lie; When mosquitoes scoot and skelter with thelx poisoned busy bill And then sins and stab us until they get their nu. Please remember Sad September. "When you see the sickly .sparkle of the scln tUlatlnr dew And behold the cuckoo coojng and the coon a-crooninff, too;" "Whea the giddy girls go gadding and aro lock ing; "Just too sweet." And the Mayor of the Quakers kicks the grafters in tho street. Just remember Qlad September. "When our rough and ready Teddy takes tho toughest trusts in. tow And boll-weevil wiggle weakly on th- cottoa which wo grow; When the Jolly Japanesekeya run tho Rus sians off the sea. And it looks a little funny to a' xaas. that's up a tree, Then remember 'Tts September. r-Solca I ..Ooede.