3b , THE SXDfDAY OREGOISTlAX, PORTLAND,. SEPTEMBER 3, 1905. ALWSO fSS.HA3J3EEf AM APOOTZ OF PEACE .AND If A KING "who is different who could : that be other than the venerable Oscar II of Sweden, and lately also of Norway? The fact that ho suffered the loss of half his kingdom without making' war to get it back. If possible, marks him as a marvel among rulers, past and present. And here is the real reason, according to the Swedes, why he suffered Norway to secede in peace: r Ever since he ascended the throne un expectedly in succession of his brother, Oscar IPs one consuming desire has been to go down in history as "the King of Peace." His whole reign has been shaped toward this end. He endeavored times without number to preserve amicable re lations between the two kingdoms by ac ceding to the demands, often oppressive to Wm. of tho Norwegians. And when at last tho Norwegians broke away and many of the King's counsellors urged belligerent methods to bring them to their censos. tho old King shook his head and (mid In substance: "Let them depart In peace." "But If the Crown Princo had boon on the throne when the Norwegians seced ed, he'd liavo licked hell out of them!" is the universal comment of loyal Swedes Is Stockholm and elsewhere. They havo been for war right along, but with the lOng's face sternly set against any such moaswre, they havo been compelled to sit with hands folded, and nurse their wrath as best they may. What the Itcsult Will Be. "What the King hlmsolf thinks will re Ftilt from the dissolution of the Scandi navian union is pretty clearly put in a speech that he dellvored 12 years ago to the Norwegians In Chrlstianla, on the ftoh anniversary of the founding of the union. After telling the Norwegians to "hold fast to what the Constitution dictates In Its nrst paragraph the kingdom of Nor way Is not only "a free. Independent and indivisible realm, but also a realm 'un der one King united with Sweden," and that "the union means externally also not war but peace," he said: "I am bound to look upon as hostile to the union every Norwegian or Swedo who Ignores the duo consideration of tho Just claims of the other partner In the com pact, whether as regards rights or duties. Only by good will are relations between free nations advanced. Only by such, too, can the futuro of our union be fully se cured and its development be fruitful. . . . Should it be possible to think that ever the bond between the brethren people sealed by a holy compact might be burst asunder, then tho independence of both countries will be placed in far groater Jeopardy than I here will say. But may the Almighty forbid this. My duty, and that of all loyal and constitu tional citizens In both countries. Is, at aU events, with our utmost might, to avert such a danger." The King as a Spccchniakcr. One of the numerous accomplishments that distinguishes Oscar II among other Kings is his ability to make a speech. He not only knows how to deliver an address, but he puts moat Into It; he will not per mit himself to be bound down by tradi tion or form, and so when he speaks he speaks his mind and not Infrequently snows his heart as well. Four years after he ascended the throne of the union the Crown Prince came of age. IS. It was an auspicious event for the two peoples, and the Joint Swedish Norwegian Council of State met to take cognizance of and obsere it. The young man was summoned before the Council: in Its presence his father wished him hanplnttss and gave him his blessing, and then added this fathorly advice Just such advice as many an American has received on the day when he found himself a man in years: "Your youth nowilies beyond you. Dur ing that period you havo had the Inesti mable benefit of the tenderest, the most excellent mother's care and guidance. You have acquired principles and knowledge of the utmost value in the days to come. But mark earnestly this: The principles must be hardened in the furnace of life and knowledge be made to bear fruit In your calling In the -world. To you, with your future position in tha community, it is of particular Importance that your PERSONALITIES OF United States, became President in 1S75. He soized the reins of power with a firmer hand than Mexico had hitherto known, and It was not long before his power was realized and respected. From that time the status of Mexico and tho character of Its people began to improve. It s&on beoarno apparent that this would continue so long as Diaz re main od at the head of the state and probably no longer. If ho were many years in powor the national character, and the national government, prob ably, would have a chance to crystall ize, but not othorwlse. So It was de cided that Diaz should be elected, again and yot again that he should win at every Prosldental olocton, that whle the laws, mostly created and promul gated by him, should be kept strictly Ly every one else, he should break them whenever It seemed best for tho good of all that they should be broken. Who made the decision? Why, Diaz himself, to be sutc. For 30 years he has bean dictator, constitutional ruler, advisory counsel and national legisla ture all rolled into one. Nominally othor raon have filled the various of ftoal places that made up the offlcal posts of ordinary governments, but In rxieo their functions have been large ly perfunctory. Diaz himself, grim, merciless to those who would themselves profit at the ex pense of his beloved Mexico, yet never forgot ting a Vriend; exceptionally kind ly in bis private relations, ever ready to cut red tape; ever ready, if neces sary, to reverse himself or any one else; Diaz himself has been the whole thing, governmentally a colossal Poo Bah. If you ploase.' Tet under all his seeming harshness, his- frequent over riding of tho law and his high-handed way of re-electing himself, he Is a big, broad, patriotic, strong man; a man whose loss wheh may come soon, for he is now 75 will be enormously felt in Mexico and In every country whose people do business with the Mexicans. Mexico must needs have some other Ftrong man, some other patriotic man, some other wise man, to put in his place if she is to continue her present onward way along the path c- peaceful progress toward an equal place among the foremost nations of the earth. The World's Mot Powerful Diplomats It is impossible to mention power in diplomacy without referring to the lamented John Hay, whose career as Secretary of Stato -deserves to rank In Silstory alongside the careers or itamii remaining years of study, ay.e, your entire manhood, be Judiciously and carefully spent. To what extent this is to be de pends now In tho first and foromost In stance on yourself." Then, after alluding to tho time when he might occupy the throne, the fathor went on: "Do not avail yourself of flattery for gaining popular favor, and none the less you must listen to the seductlvo voice of this siren. The word of the King shall be upright; his promise shall not be given in Idle cause. His ear shall be open to truth, whether It comes from high or low. Law and righteousness shall bo his strength, duty his guiding star, labor his pleasure. Let the testimony of a good conscience always constitute your surest support, even should your honest labors not seem to bear Immediate fruits and your good Intentions for a while appear misunderstood and be misjudged. Nevor forget that the Judgment of your own times shall b silenced before that of his tory, and that the verdict of history must In turn be set aside by that of God. "Strive, therefore, first and foremost, to worship Him in all sincerity of thy heart; then thou nhalt succeed. And be thou now welcome into the age of manhood! ... God bices thee, my son!" The King's Heart Revealed. The father's heart revealed ltsolf" at the marriage of Ihe Crown Prince to the Princess Victoria in 1S81. "The happiness of the children'" he said. In welcoming them home. "In castle as in cottage that Is the purport of tho most ardent and sincere prayers of the father's and the mother's heart- When such happiness is attained then the Joy Is great; and the gratitude deop toward tho ever-bountiful Giver.' The Queen and I now experience this Joy, this gratitude. In the fullest measure." Then, referring to the bride: "Her first steps among us have been Btrewn with flowers. No doubt these flowers will soon fade In the Autumn days of the north, but never shall fade the flowors with which the path of con scientiousness and duty is strewn through love and veneration." When all Sweden, on file occasion of his 61st birthday, poured in congratula tions upon him, the King said: "The calling of a ruler, always diffi cult, is perhaps In our days more dif ficult still than in bygone times. His path is, of course, as that of every human being must be, at times heavy onough to tread. But, brightened as life is to day, warmed as at present, the road does not seem hea'y. Faithful sympathy and loyalty render the royal crown light to wear aye. Indeed, they make the burden dear. Be thanked, therefore, belovod countrymen; be thanked from my inner most heart!" This Utile speech could fittingly be ton and Mdrcy. Three, months ago, though ill, temporarily, it was hoped, his fellowmen, applauding- the impor tant achievements that had already been his, were looking forward to new manifestations of his wisdom, his strength and his patriotism in the pres ent period of world stress, as soon as he should be back at his post In Wash ington. But his body now lies in Cleve land, near the body of Garfield, second Amcrcan President to be cut off by an assassin; the voice of John hay will never more be available in the councils of his Government. It Is doubtful whether, outside Japan, there is living today a diplomatist worthy to be classed with John Hay. Tho United States hopes that Ellhu Root may rise to his level, but without discourtesy to Mr. Root It may be said that there is yet no certainty about it. Roosevelt and the German Emperor aro often likened one to the other, and they have many points In common. But run ning his government with Cabinet Minis ters of only nominal powers, though the way of William, Is not the way of Theo dore; he was proud to be helped by Hay as Secretary of State, and he hopes to be helped equally by Root. You may search Europe with a micro scope today without finding a really great Prime Minister. There are no Gladstones, no Cavours, no Blsmarcks. no Disraelis, now. on any diplomatic stage across the water. Till a very short time, ago the world believed Delcaase, the Frenchman, en titled to their homage as a great states man. But he has disappeared, through the bungling of the Morocco business and the antagonism of Emperor William. There is little probability that Delcasso will ever again play an important part, and to date France has brought no ono forward whose caliber is what his wis thought to be. Whether Delcasse's down fall will tend to lower the prestige of King Edward, who was a party to many of the Frenchman's moves, is yet by no means clear. As for the other Englishmen now In high places, few or none of them possess genuine power. This is true of Balfour, Rosebery, and half a dozen "others, who were on the road to succeed such men as Salisbury and Goehen and other shining lights of other days. There Is no "great Irishman like Parnell today. Laurter, tho Canadian, and Watson, the Australian Premier, are today greater than almost any high official In the home government of Great Britain. Possibly the greatest European states man today Is a BuBslan. despite the cir cumstance that his nation has now no great flghtera. Ho Is Witte, strong, pa tient, patriotic and brave, selected by the jjjj called "The Reminiscences of a Sov ereign." It was delivered at the banquet held In Stockholm to celebrate the silver wedding of the King and Queen: "Love of the spot In which his cradle .stood is a feeling which still burns with I undiminished warmth and strength In the REAL POWER IN THE vacillating Nicholas to come to America, , accompanied by Rosen, and talk peace , with Komara and Takahlra. I But, with Wltte out of the Russian em- j plre, it has no statesman of great native power within its boundaries, to far as yet shown. In this Russia is worse off than Japan, for Japan has the Marquis I to, wise with the subtle wisdom of the Far East, progressive asMhe most pro gressive American; a remarkable and ad mirable combination of caution and bold ness, of reserve and openness, of con servatism when he can be conservative, and of radicalism when he mu9t be radi cal. It can bo no offense to any one now bearing the proud title of United States Senator to say that there are no Hoars or Conkllngs In the Upper House of our National Legislature today. Nor are there any more orators like Reed or Blaine, or tariff leaders like McKinley in our House of Representatives. We have strong Con gressmen, to bo sure, but none of them has had the chance to size up in the foremost line of the world's men of power, even supposing thero are dozens who might, were the opportunity to pre sent itself. But In "Uncle Joe" Cannon, the Speaker of the House, a place that only a strong man can fill, America prob ably has the strongest presiding legis lative officer now In active service. Is the Pen Today Mightier Than the Sword? THAT men who are powerful in war. In diplomacy. In governmental affairs" generally, should here take precedence of men of great power In other directions is only a reflection of the mental attitude of the whole world in these years of general ferment, when the sword, appar ently, is mightier that the pen, when one of the greatest wars in history, with the ultimate Oriental nation as a victor, is drawing to a close. But the world still recognizes other forms of power than those possessed by the Tuler, the fighter, the diplomatist and -the law-maker. It still delights to honor the man of spiritual power the potent reformer, the poet of lofty Ideals, the great novelist, the great dramatist, the painter and the sculptor of genius and the scientist whose researches make for the benefit of all mankind. It may be true.' however, that there are not now so many men of exceptional power in literature, the arts, in reform and in religion as formerly. The change in the world's t sentiment troncernlng ,lts great men In the past two years suggests harking back to May, 15K53, heart of the Northerner. What wonder, then, that I, too, lovo Stockholm, . . . for here stood also my cradle. Here smiles so many a delightful reminiscence of my childhood, and glitters so many a warm and charming remembrance from my youth before my vision. . . . Here I whon a Berlin publication Invited its thinking readers to name the world's ten most distinguished men and awarded places among the ten according to the vote thus brought out. The resulting list was as follows. In the order of tho num ber of votes cast for each: Tolstoi. Mommsen, Marconi, Ibsen, Ed ison. Nansen, Roentgen, Menzel. Koch, Emperor William. The Intensely German cast of mind among the voters who made up this list is shown by the inclusion of the German historian Mommsen, the German histori cal painter Menzel, and the German Em peror, alone among tho world's rulers. Three of tho ten. the first, second and fourth, were writers. No soldier, no sailor, no' statesman, except the Emperor, was Included. His name came last. Clearly, these voters believed the pen far j mightier than the sword. In their minds literature, tne peacerui arts ana tne sci ences took immense precedence over ev erything else, and the world as a whole acquiesced In their view two years ago. Tolstoi, whose name, heads the list. Is undoubtedly the mos. powerful writer now living; his work is about completed, however, and in spite of Its power Is far from being regarded in some quarters with the reverence bestowed upon it by his disciples. Ibsen, who comes fourth In the list. Is also clearly entitled to a seat among the world's most powerful writers; this was never so clearly recognized as now, when ho Is approaching the age beyond which men wiite no more. No other dramatic writer approaches him In power, in spite of the bitter crit icism his plays have evoked. Tho name of no one writing plays In English is worth seating beside the names of either Tolstoi, or Risen, If power be the quality required, and no other novelist writing In any language can be brought forward as a match for Tolstoi. The general recognition of this fact Is proved by the circumstance that, although the Russian and Scandinavian tongues are so difficult that both Tolstoi and Ibsen have to be read in translation by the. vast majority of the well .educated even, their works are familiar to the mass of thoughtful readers everywhere, Tolstoi, however, be ing Immensely in the lead. Kipling, the Anglo-Indian novelist, would get many votes among the read ers of the world as a writer of power; there would bo much difference of opin ion about his poetry Swinburne, with all his grievous faults, is entitled to first place among living poets writing in Eng lish. Perhaps Sfenkiewicz. the . Pole, who wrote the sdntlllant "Quo Vadls." should be named; undoubtedly Sudermannr, Ger man dramatic poet, should, and "perhaps own sq many a- remembrance of those j whom now the grave Incloses: but who, in- spite of departure and death, still live in my heart. "And now, if I turn my thoughts, to the events which more particularly in these present days rise before me. ono of the most precious Is that of the day when I- brought home among you my wife. Here was our common home-formed and here precious sons reared. And. although wo have, during tho nve-and-twenty years which fcave gone by, encountered both dark and bright days, we must In hum ble gratitude acknowledge that the grace of Providence has been with and upon us." Xcglcctful of Prerogatives. The "Kingly Bard of the North" has never been a stickler for ceremony has never insisted on exerclslngyinany of his prerogatives. Fon example, ne can -preside In the Supreme Court and possess two votes, but he has always neglected to take advantage of this privilege, hold ing that he should not Influence the de cisions of the tribunal, since he Is not trained In legal matters. He does not drive out In state when he goes for an airing, as. is the usual cus tom of rulors. In fact, frequently he does not take a carriage at all. but a street railway car. or saunters, unattended, along the streets, stopping now and then to peer Into some shop window that catches his attention. Ho Is particularly partial to window displays of book and music stores, and many an uncouth WORLD TODAY " Edmond Rostand, the Frenchman, au thor of "Cyrano de Bergerac." though there are critics of some sounaness who fall to see exceptional power In his works. John .Morlcy and James Bryce, historians, are writers of power. There Is a vast army of more popular, more agreeable writers, so far as some of us go. than those named, but they clearly lead In power. Among Jiving American painters, power should be attributed unhesitatingly to John Sargent, expatriated portrait paint er, to John La Farge and1 to E. A. Ab bey, To explore the geneml field of art In search of painters with power would be to enter the critic's disputed terri tory; however, the names of these foremost Americans are mentioned merely because Just now our picture makers have more power than our writers, no discourtesy to Messrs. How ells and James being- intended. Nor Is America lacking in sculptors of pow er. MacMonnlcs and St. Gaudens, at least, should be mentioned, though when this quality Is considered no statue-maker on this side the Atlantic can be named alongside the Italian Blond!, whose repulsive "Saturnalia" was- locked up some time ngo . by the Metropolitan Museum of Art, or the Frenchman, Rodin, whose work is also repelling as well as powerful, and -whose statue of Balzac was roundly abused by most of the French art critics. Men Who Control Nature's Forces WHILE there seems to bo some diminution in the writers and artists of real power In these early twentieth century days, this cannot be sold of the scientist-Inventor class the men who have brought the forces of nature under more complete subjec tion to the will of man than ever be fore, and bo have exercised an enor mous influence on the daily lives of their fellows and the affairs of the whole world, both great and small. It. was not till Watt and Stevenson and Fulton and Morse Inventors of the steam engine, the locomotive, the steamboat and the telegraph had come upon the scene that the world paid much heed to men of this class. Indeed, they were pioneers. Today the world numbers among Us citizens another set of pioneers pioneers In the practical application of electricity, as all but Morse amonar the earlier plo-" Swedo can proudly assert that onco. while ha. was gazing Into some shop window. his King came up behind him and gazed Into the same window and rubbed elbows with him, and gave him a frlondly nod before walking- on. It Is the easiest thing In the world for any ono to secure an audience with Oscar II Infinitely easier than for an American to get Into the presence of the President. Does a subject Lapp from the far north, a' poor peasant, a lumberman from the fir forests, a- well-to-do townsman or a foreign visitor wish to have an au dience with the King? AH that he need do to accomplish his object Is to write his name in a book three days previous to the next ensuing public reception, usu ally held on Tuesday afternoon at the pal ace in Stockholm, and on the appointed day he will find himself standing beforo the Swedish monarch, who will engage, him In conversation and treat him In a thoroughly democratic ''manner. How the King Aided a Journalist. The King Us quite ready to grant any favor that he can, consistently, and he not Infrequently puis hlmsolf to some In convenience to do so. Shortly before, the end of the last cen tury he was on his- way to deliver a, speech at the opening of a certain rail way, when, while his train was halted at Gothenberg, a Danish newspaper man, detailed to report tho ceremony, asked the King for a copy of the speech he was to deliver. neer Inventors were In the utilization of steam. To Thomas A. Edison, Inventor of the Incandescent light, and fifth In the list above mentioned, the popular mind gives the first place In this Interesting group, though scientists probably would place Lord Kelvlnt who began life a3 plain William Thompson, above him. Alexander Graham Bell, whose tele phone is most widely used, i3 another Illustrious member of this group, and, probaoly, Edison and Bell, the maker of light and he who taught the wire to talk, have exerted more real power in revolutionizing the world's way of living than any other inventors still alive. It Is worth noting, by the way, what most folk have forgotten, that Edison's telephone was in use as early as Bell's, and that the Edison 'phone was much the clearer and more distinct talker. With these men, of course, should be classed Marconi, who telegraphs with out wires, and Tesla. brilliant but ft centric and unable to realize fully on his own splendid . endowment, yet to whose Invention of the revolving field the present advanced stage of electric traction is unquestionably Indebted. Men of Spiritual and Relig ious Power IT would be Idle to assume, because the fighters are making most noise In the world Just now, and the people generally are giving more surface at tention,to temporal than spiritual af fairs, that there has been any genuine, lasting change In the mind of man con cerning tho Importance of religion, or that the power of J tho spiritual has really declined. Yet, temporarllv at least, less nttentlon seems now to be given to spiritual things than usual. The poTjr of the Pope, as head of the greatest body of Christians, Is uni versally recognized, but today there are no preachers in any church who, with flame-tipped tongue, can stir the hearts of men as could Spurgeon or Beecber, or Phillips Brooks. Just now there are no great religious teachers with unquestioned power and author ity, such as nearly every earlier age has produced. The name of Pobledonestsetf, Pro curator of the Russian Church, who for so many years was considered the real ruler of the Czar's empire, by rea son of his religious Influence alike over despot and .peasant, may no longer be inscribed in the top vfovr, cs "But I cannot give It to you;I have notrrltten It out yet," said the King. Then the newspaper man explained that lfhe did not secure a copy of the speech within the next hour or so It could not be published In his paper the next morn ing, and It was of vital Importance to him for the speech to appear. The King waxed sympathetic at tne young man's earnestness, and when he had finished said: "Oh. well, come Into my carriage and I will tell you what I am going, to say." And then and there-the ruler or bweaen and Norway dictated to the reporter the speech that he Intended to deliver. When the King Showed His Temper. "Europe's most learned King" Is ex tremely fond of traveling In the noo3 and corners of his realm, and he delights to get In touch with the people wherever he goes. Asa result, scarcely a cottage Is without Its anecdote of him. Here Is a representative one: Before the days of railways In the province of Smaland, the King was trav eling through it by diligence. He was to . pass through a certain village and tho Inhabitants assembled along the roadside to cheer him and shower him with bou quets of flowers, according to custom. But one old woman," tho widow of a vet eran, longed to honor her King In some exceptional manner, so she prepared for him a wreath of leaves. Then, fearing that her offering would wither before the King appeared, she placed It in a bucket of water, and proudly took her stand with her kinsfolk by the roadside. In duo time the welcome cry, "Here comes the King!" arose. A moment or two later the King was being showered with flowers. He was bowing right and left in response to the greeting, when suddenly he was staggered by a blow on the head, and when he had partly re covered from the shock found that a green wreath, sopping wet. was lying at hi3 feet and his face waa dripping water. The diligence was halted. "Who did that?" demanded the King, In some heat, of the amazed and all but panic-stricken villagers. "Who did that, I say?" Tremblingly, and with her face covered with the blushes of mortification and dis grace, the old woman acknowledged that she was the cause of the accident that in her excitement to honor her King she had hastily grabbed the wreath from Its bucket of water, and forgetful of its wotness had sent It hurtling toward htm with all her strength. Instantly the King was mollified; his frown turned to a smile, then to a hearty laugh,. and the kind words he spoke to tho widow and the shake of the hand ho gave her restored happiness and won him a prolonged volley of cheers that un doubtedly came straight from the hoart. Crown Prince and the Queen. In many respects the Crown Prince Gustave Is like hi3 learned father, who since Goethe's day Is the only man to have conferred upon him the honor of 1 Doctor Quadruplex by any university. The son Is democratic, easy of approach. In touch with all classes of the people, and a lover and promoter of outdoor snorts. He Is especially fond of tennis. and is the champion player of the coun try over which he will some day rule In all probability. HIsN mother, the Queen, is not so well known by the people generally. However, she Is closely In touch with all the various religious bodies In the kingdom, and by them she Is hailed continually. When she Is not attending a religious gathering she spends the greater part of her time in her home, loving that above all other places. She Is essentially what Americans would call a home body. Her favorite among her four sons is Bernadotte, who, when he married one of his mother's ladles In waiting, swore away all pretensions to the throne. Ho too". Is Intensely religious, and this trait undoubtedly accounts for the partiality which his mother shows him. His wife Is well beloved of the Quetin and fervent In religious work, with her husband and august mother-in-law devoting much time to the Salvation Army and Y. M. C. A. movements. SVBN JOHNSON. Continued From Page 38 peclally since the recent attempt on his life. , , , The mysterious power of the Dalai Lama over the world of Buddhism was practically wiped out when Younghus band penetrated Thibet and marched to L'hasa. The Archbishop of Canter bury, primate of the English Church. Is an amiable and tactful gentleman. but not much more seriously to bo considered as an eccleslatstlc of real power than Is Bishop Potter of New York. Nor can there be found among the evangelists of the world any to com pare with the late Dwlght Moody, who was wont, a few years ago, to call sin ners to repentance with a sincerity that never failed, though Jt looked for a time, a few months since, as If the work of Evan Roberts, the revivalist who electrified Wales and made some Impression even upon London, would yet proclaim him a man of oltt-fash-lonod evangelical powers. "General" William Booth, founder of the Salvation Army, one of the most potent organizations for both the spir itual and the physical uplifting of the poor and the lovly that was , ever formed, is still doing his work; a man of greater and more beneficent power In his way than any who has gone be fore him. It is yet too early to speak Intelli gently of the reformers of all sort3 now at work in the world. They have much to do and somo of them have accomplished something. Time must lapse before the men of power among them can be accurately located. Where do the multi-millionaires, the Rockefellers, the Rothschilds and the Morgans, come in among the world's living men of power? The Croesuses of today havevno power,, no doubt, but it Is the power that Is won by exploita tion, by utilizing the labor and th brains of others; It is not original and initiative in the best sense, and for once it may well be ignored. DEXTER MARSHALL. True Gallantry. Translated for Tales. . Beautiful widow1 Do you know. I'm 40 years old today? Gallant bachelor Madame, you ara Just 20. I never believe more than halt of what I hear. Both Earned. Meggendorfer Blatter. 'What did you get for your mother-in-law Joke? "A dollar from the. editor and a six weeks' visit from my mother-in-law.