THE SUNDAY OREGONIAX, PORTLAND, AUGUST 13, '1905.
PERSONAL RELICS OF THE FAMOUS EXPLORER, WILLIAM CLARK
INTERESTING ARTICLES PRESERVED BY HIS FAMILY ON EXHIBIT AT THE LEWIS AND CLARK CENTENNIAL
SIDE ixom thBTrnviSB'OlXteSnrn-
jawoa monument by the women of
Orogon there has been little senti
ment shown toward the centralizing Idea
of the Fair. To be sure our Indebtedness
to Lrewla and Clark has been embodied
In the name of our Fair, and the orators
of occasions have sung their praises, but
the word success has been the dominant
one. Success being: such a pliant word In
this case has meant good financial re
turns and wide advertising; so It "was
pleasant to the lover of sentiment to be
able this last week to step aside for a
day and come In close relationship with
the descendants of our heroes and hear'
from them the veneration with which
they hold their great ancestors, and to
hear many little details of family history
that have never been printed. Lost
week having boon sot aside as Clark's
day, as many of the family as possible
gathered together to commemorate his
memory. They were loyal in traditions
and sentiment.
It was particularly Interesting to come
across the relics of the bygone Clarks,
and doubly bo those .that were the per
sonal property of "William Clark.
In the Oregon building within the last
weok there has been placed a glass case
containing a collection of Clark heirlooms.
These are the property of Mrs. S. L. Wi
ley, of Fresno, Cal., who Is representing
the eight counties of the Ban. Joaquin
Valley In the California building. Mrs.
"Wiley claims the distinction of being a
descendant of the Clark family. Her line
of descent is not direct from "William
Clark, but she Is hiB great-great-grand-niece,
his sister, Ann Clark, being her
great-great-grandmother. In fact, Mrs.
"Wiley's genealogy runs through the
bluost blood, for on her father's side she
is the great-granddaughter of Chief Jus
tice Marshall, her maiden name having
been Mary Louise Marshall.
Her collection of heirlooms has great
value. She has spent years in collecting
thorn from other members of the family,
so that now she has practically the great
er portion known to exist. Among the
relics aro found wills, letters, diaries, bits
of Jowolry, pictures, ambrotypes, books, a
Jew pieces of china, knives, baby gar
ments, a Masonic apron and many other
precious trifles. As the Clarks, Lewises,
Marehallo and FleldB were closely related
by marriago, many of the relics belonged
to thorn.
One ia naturally more interested in th
4
Mark i wain's Monument to Father Adam
The Great American Humorint Explains Why a Big Scheme He
Suggested Failed to Materialize.
(Msxlt Twain In Harpera Weekly.)
SOMEONE has revealed to tho Now
York Tribune that I once sug
gested to tho Rev. Thomas K. Beech
er, of Blmira, N. T., that we get up a
monumc'nt to Adam, and that Mr.
Beecher favored the project. There is
more to it than that. The matter
started as a Joke, but It came some
what near to materializing.
It is long ago 30 years. Mr. Dar
win's "Descent of Man" had been in
print five jot six years, and the storm
of Indignation raised by it was still
raging In pulpits and periodicals. In
tracing the genesis of tho human race
back to its sources Mr. Darwin had
left Adam out altogether. Wo had
monkeys and "mfcjslng links" and
plonty of other kinds of ancestors, but
no Adam. Jesting with Mr. Beecher
and other friends in Elmlra,- I said
there seomed to be a likelihood that
the world would discard Adam and ac
cept the monkey, and that in course of
time Adam's very name would be for
gotten in the oarth; therefore this ca
lamity ought to be averted: a monu
mont would accomplish this, and El
mlra ought not to waste this honora
ble opportunity to do Adam a favor
and herself a credit.
Then the unexpected happened. Two
bankers came forward and took hold
of tho matter not for fun, not for
sentiment, but because they saw in tho
monument certain commercial advan
tages for the town. The project had
seemed gently humorous before It
was more than that now, with this
stern business gravity Injected into it.
The bankers discussed tho monument
i000Oo
if
Til
e
"r 'r
with me. We mot several times. They
proposed an indestructible memorial,
to cost $25,000. The insane oddity of a
monument set up in a village to pre
serve a name that would outlast the
hills and the rocks without any such
help would advertise Elmlra to tho
ends of the earth and draw custom.
It would be tho only monument on tho
planet to Adam, and in the matter of
Interest and lmpresslvcness could
never have a rival until somebody
should set up a monument to tho Milky
Way.
People would come from every cor
ner of tho globe and stop off to look
at It; no tour of the world would be
complete that left out Adam's monu
ment. Elmlra would be a Mecca;
there would be pilgrim ships at pil
grim rates, pilgrim specials on tho
Continent's railways; libraries would
be written about the monument, every
tourist would kodak it, models of it
would be for sale ovorywhero In tho
earth; its form would becomo as fa
miliar as the figure of Napoleon.
One of the bankers subscribed $5000,
and I think tho other one subscribed
half as much, but I do not remember
with certainty now whether that was
the figure or not WTe got designs
made some of thorn came from Paris.
In the beginning as a detail of tho
project when it was as yet a Joke I
had framed a humfrle and beseeching
and perfervld petition to Congress,
hegglng 4he Government to build the
monument, as a testimony of the great
Republic's gratitude to tho Father of
the Human Race and as a token of her
loyalty to him in this dark day of his
humiliation, when his older children
wore doubting him and deserting, him.
JIt seemed to me that this petition
9
0
HO
t.o
i O
1
s
personal belong! nsa of William Clark, and
fortunately Mrs. Wiley possesses some
very intimate ones, for Instance, a little
velvet Jacket worn by the little William of
3 years. It is a quaint little garment of
brown and tan spots,1 whose colors seem
as bright as when new. One, might fancy
it made from his father's waistcoat, as it
Is fashioned from many pieces, put to
gether with beautiful handstitohing.
Another relic is tho scalping-knlfe that
William Clark carried on his memorable
trip to this Coast. The namo sounds for
midable, and, in fact, the knife looks as
ought to be presented now It would
be widely and feelingly abused and
ridiculed and cursed, and would ad
vertise our scheme and make our
ground-floor stock go off briskly. So
I sent it to General Joseph R. Haw
ley, who was then in the House, and
he said ho would present it. But he
did not do it. I think ho explained
that when he came to road it ho was
afraid of it; it was too serious, too
gushy, too sentimental tho House
might take it for earnest.
We ought to havo carried out our
monument scheme; we could have
managed it without any great difficul
ty, and Elmlra would now be the most
celebrated town in tho universe.
Very recently I began to build a
book In which one of the minor chari
octers touched Incidentally upon a
project for a monument to Adam, and
now the Tribune has come upon a trace
of tho forgotten Jest of 30 years ago.
Apparently mental telegraphy is still
In business. It is odd; but tho freaks
of mental telegraphy are usually odd.
Two Big Lairs.
An Irish soldier wanted to get a
furlough and trumped up a story that
his wife was very sick and had written
him to come home. Tho Captain knew
some of Pat's tricks, so he said to him
that ho had recejved a letter from the
lady and that she told him not to let
Pat come home, as he got drunk, broke
up the furniture and mistreated her
shamefully.
Pat saluted and started, to leave the
room, but on reaching the door turned
and said:
"Sir, may I speak to you not. as an
officer but as mon to mon?"
Tcs. Pat; what is It?"
"Well, sor. what Tm after sayin Is
this." remarked Pat, going closo to the
Captain and lowering his voice, "that
you and I are two of tho most iUgant
liars that tho Lord ever made. I'm not
a married mon." Exchange.
,flaCoO,
34
-4. .A-'.
At .t;.
. .at,
Wvtf fit1"
-sty
li:
though it wrre made for bloody business
with its foot-long blade sharpened on
both sides and its bone handle, but Mrs.
Wiley gives the assurance tliat Its pur
poses have always been peaceful, and
Evidence of Advancing Political Reform
Noted Danish Editor See a SUve Llnlnpr to the Cloud Now
llnnlnsr Over Xonrny,
CHRISTIANIA, July IS. Vaklemar
VedeU editor of Tllskueren. a Danish
monthly magazine of high stamllng,
writes as follows:
"It seems as If the start of a new cen
tury has once again rejuvenated Europe.
"First we had the change towards pop
ular self-administration here in Denmark;
then comes the tremendous shaking up
of tho great Russia colossus and the ad
venturous, victorious march of new-born
Japan, a performance of morality In
statcscraft such as- history has never soon
before.
"And then all of a sudden on a beauti
ful Summer day we recelvo a dispatch
that Norway has discharged her King,
discontinued the union, declared herself
of full age, with power to dispose over
the present and the future. It Is Impos
sible to remain blind towards the connec
tion between the battle of Mukden, the
destruction of the Russian "Armada,"
and then this cool and collected decision
by the Storthing. If this great monstor
of a Russian Iceberg, whose shadow
eclipsed the sun and sent a withering
frost over all European advancement,
could suddenly be melted down to noth
ing by the Japanese "rising sun." why
then not try to throw a tiresome old
treaty document Into the stove and pro
vide her own Consuls and even a King,
of her own for Norway? Wo are again
able to take a breathing spell in Europe
and shift about a little each by himself.
And this first breath of relief, this first
straightening of the stiff limbs, was first
observed up amongst the snowclad hills
of Norway. Where Is tho next move to
happen? There Is already great ferment
In Hungary.
"He Trh,o now dares to talk about poll-
mm
that it ka never dona dtrry in asythtar
more terrible than the skinning of wild
animals, digging rccts and making kin
dling wood.
There Is an aaibrotype of Mrs. Ann
Clark Field, wife of Captain John Field,
who was killed at Point Pleasant, In the
Dunsrcore war, and second sister of Will
lam. The ambrotype a ccpy of a paint
ing that was destroyed by fire shows the
likeness of a placid old lady, with folded
hand. In the same case with the ambro
type is a collection of locks of hair of the
family, among them one of William Clark,
cut after his death. It show? it to havo
been a soft reddish brown, with occa
sional white hairs. History always men
tions him as having red -hair, which set
him as a being apart to the Indians, but
it probably darkened as he grew older.
One of the most highly prized relics Is
a Masonic apron which belonged to John
Clark, father of William. His great
grandson. Lewis Field Marshall, always
charged his family to save the apron and
his mother's picture. The apron Is of
white satin, blue lined, with Maaonlo em
blems painted on It.
One of the oldest heirlooms In the col
lection Is a Bible belonging to the Earl
of Pembroke a 16th-century ancestor of
the Marshall family and a contemporary
of Oliver Cromwell, from whom he re
ceived It.
During an overflow of the Ohio River
this Bible, with all the effects of MIHy
Field Marshall, the nleco of William
Clark, was swept away. Twenty years
afterward It came again Into her pos
session, having been sent by a family of
Creoles, who found it in the Bayou Sara
drift. Every unprlnted page Is covered
with family genealogies and family names
and shows that it was precious to tho
heart of each generation.
There are also momentoea of tho In
domitable George Rogers Clark, the elder
brother of William, under whom at tho
falls of the Ohio William teamed his
first lessons In warfare, having been tak
en by him In an expedition against tho
Indians at the ago of 14. In after years
it was by tho advlco of George Rogers
that his own "true -and tried scout. Cha
boneau. husband of Sacajawca, was taken
on his great exploring trip. There Is a
huntlngknlfe of George Rogers Clark in
a. beaded buckskin case. The case was
tics Is an Ignorant and Impractical theore
tician. The .most hopeful sign of the
times Is that the two former partners,
Norway and Sweden, have laid their case
not before the Kings and sovereigns or
diplomatic conferences of Europe, but be
fore the court of public opinion, not 'by
political documents forwarded through
diplomatic channels, but by articles In the
European press from the pens of their
best-known writers.
Invitation to AIL
"There has been an open and above?
board invitation, not to foreign govern
ments for intervention, but for. all foreign
peoples to seek correct information, and
then Judge who is at fault and who Is
In. the right.
"And the public opinion of Europe doca
not care for the treaty of Kiel or the
convention of Moss or any other old
worm-eaten, dusty parchments. All the
old, paper documents and all tho agree
ments built upon them by lawyers and
historians are swept aside like stuff not
appertaining to tho case. If public opin
ion Is with Norway In this undertaking
Is it because we believe her right ac
cording to old treaties and documents
from a century back? No. And this Is
the most hopeful symptom of our ad
vancing political ripeness. We have got
ten away from the old-fashioned and
time-honored imagination that a people's
right or lack of right to do for itself
must bo or can possibly bo dictated by a
document 100 years old, no matter how
many seals have been printed thereon
or how many sacred pledges were given
by the signers.
'There are very few to be found now
who believe that BJomson'sr Nansen's
and Sverdrup's people of today must be
made by a CreSlr vaxaoa nmri 3sott
Bird, who twioe E&red hi Hfe-
That GcorgB Rogers Clari -sss ira
grounded in his caterhJri ia sttrtm by a
quaint llttla leather-bound volnma that
looks tiumbed and weH worn; m act. his
grandmother said that he knersr it back
wards and f;r wards at the age of 2. Mrs.
Wiley has. a picture of the beontifnl Span
ish senora. Cynthele do Lsyba. of St.
Louis. who romantic leve affair witb
George Rogers Clark shows th stern
quality of the man in giving np his sweet
heart for his country.
A little pair of beaded Indian moccasins
and a pair of exquisitely knitted little
white stockings, without heels, aa they
were made In those days, that were worn
by Henry Clay when a baby, show that
the footwear of youngsters of those days
was Just as fetching In Its styles now.
It Is strange to imagine that the great
statesman was ever done up in such
charming little affairs. The Marshalls and
Clays were closo friends, so these were
presented to Milley Fields Marshall by
Clay's wife.
There Is a quaint secretary made of Chi
nese camphorwood. It was mentioned in
the will of Milley Field Marshall as "my
black box with Beetles & Bugs nailed all
over it. Fetehed me from Ghent by Henry
Clay."
There is a little black silk mitt that
was given by Dolly Madison to Milly
Field Marshall, whose bridesmaid she
was. The case also displays a silver
comb that belonged to Mrs. Fanny
Clark Fltzhugh. another sister of Cap
tain Clark. Two pieces of china are
extremely Interesting. They are an old
plate and a candlestick. The former
Is a sort of double-decked affair, of a
style that would be well to revive. It
ha3 two bottoms, with a space between
that was tilled with hot water to koep
the focd warm. The candlestick Is still
brilliant with red and green trimmings.
These two were on the table when
Chief Justice Marshall married Polly
Amblor. daughter of the State Treasur
er of Virginia at that time.
Thero are a number of bit3 of odd
Jewelry owned by different members
of the family rings, bracelets, pins,
chains and a bolt buckle of rare work
manship. Mrs. Wiley Is a woman of charming
personality, steeped In family history
and traditions. She quotes delight
fully from the family letters and rec
ords, and brings tho past vividly to the
present. She Is carefully guarding the
family papers, for It Is her Intention
to write a history of the Clark family.
In It will be found many facts and in
cidents never before published, and
some very rare letters will be printed.
It Is to bo hoped that Mrs. Wiley will
In the near future send her book forth.
It Is only regretted that she was un
able to get It into shapo for tnls year.
The Log Cabin Fire.
American Homes and Gardens.
No log cabin Is complete without an
open fireplace. A stove la very much out
of keeping with a primitive dwelling.
Its dead black walla lend no poetry to
the surroundings. A large open fireplace
should, by all means, be constructed. For
thla purpose an opening should be cut In
the rear of the building and framed in
the same way as a door or window. If
stones are plentiful, a chimney of rustic
masonry can be built up on the outside,
uring mud or clay for mortar. With
such a chimney It will be found best to
use only flat stone, because the binding
power of the mud Is not very strong, and
where the fire opening conryt In contact
with the logs of the cabin a thick lining
of clay should be applied. Where stones
are not available, the frame of the chim
ney can be constructed of logs and stlck3,
notched and built up llko logs of the main
building. A lining of clay at least 12 in
ched thick must cover the wood. Tho
chimnev should be carried well abovo the
gable of the cabin to Insure a good draft
In any direction of the wind. The fire
place may be raised a little abovo the
floor of the cabin and framed in with largo
logs well plastered with clay.
There AVns Xo Danger.
Pearson's Weekly.
A. stout old lady was recently passing a
cab stand. One of the horses laid down Its
ears. and. with a vicious look, mado as if
to bite her arm.
The lady uttered a cry and hastily
Jumped aside, while sho reprimanded the
owner of the horse for his carelessness in
allowing tho animal to frtghten her.
" E won't bite you, mum." said tho
Jehu encouragingly; then, seeing her still
hesitate, he added. "Lor, you needn't bo
afraid; 'o's a vegetarian."
bound by what Falsen or Motzfeldt signed
in 1S14 or ISIS.
"The faith in constitutions, treaties,
programmes and agreements, the belief
that a small gathering of mere men by
composing a collection of paragraphs and
then putting their signatures to It. can
bind their successors for all eternity
this Is altogether a faith which has been
burled with the 19th century.
"If the Individual cannot be tied for
life by contracts such as confirmation and
marriage, memberships in lodges or even
money debts-f a man is prohibited from
tying up his property by testament for
an indefinite period how much less then
should a growing and developing nation
be fettered by an old, dusty document?
ConHder how much a political party in
n state under changed conditions con
siders itself bound by promises and pro
grammes made ten years ago, and how
little attention thinking people pay to the
cry of treason If a party changes its
programme. A nation has obligations as
well as a person, but it is not the kind,
generally speaking, wJiIch adhere to a
piece of paper or can be formulated In
paragraphs. Norway, by acting as she Is
now doing, is true to the obligations Im
posed on her by the Eidsvoldsmon In 1S14
In a far stronger degree than If she
anxiously peeped Into her old documents
and ledgers at every breath before acting.
Norway's Legal Basis.
"And In addition to this. Norway has
a legal base for her act which is solid
as rock and no argument will convince
the world to tl?e contrary.
"In her manner of getting rid of her
King. Norway has set an example for
the world for all time to come, only it's
not so awful easy to execute; but It is
as genial and as simple as Columbus' In
vention with the egg. A constitutional
King can only act through his responsible
Ministers; at the moment when he can
not provjde himself with responsible Min
isters and King Oscar has himself de
clared his own bankruptcy in this re
specthe has put himself out of action,
has ceased to reign. Any and every citi
zen may refuse to act as Minister: and
If. therefore, a whole nation cannot agree,
that no one will act as Minister, a revo
lution has been accomplished and a Kl-g-dethroned
In a perfectly legal manner
And such a revolution is not only legal!
right, but may be In the highest scna
morally correct
"If a monarch refuses to sanction a law
which every citizen considers nevesstry.
or If he Insists upon a measure w! ' h
every citizen considers very dangers as
and detrimental, it is not then, morally
speaking, correct that everybody refers
to co-operate. But this boycotting a
King Is. so far as we know, an exclusively
Norwegian patent, awl its Invention a-. I
oxecutlon is an accomplishment for wM "i
every nation in the world, not yet a r -
rubllc. should consider themselves gat -ful
towards Norway with its Intel W'. -I
population. And the whole performar. a
went through without a hitch. There w a
no hesitation, no doubt as to what t-t c,
or how to do It. Every man kn"w i.
part to perfection, and no prompter wu
needed. Ono forenoon, before even irls
tlanla nad any Idea of what was g-!r.
to happen, the Storthing declares K! g
Oscar's government ended and ftsis-l
and appoints a new government. T "a
King and his whole royal imrapiT". a ' x
being outside Norwegian territory, d
other depossesslon act is needed but a
mere communication containing the In
formation, and the installation rtf its
new government Is a matter of an unar!
mous vote. There are a few fi-niil
cltanges In the government devart
ments. a few names and stgne are re
painted on doors and ttraks and, i r
form's sake. Generals. Judge ami bish
ops are Invited to swear allegiance ti
the new government. But the whole rrt
as the revolutionary apparatus, soldiers
marching through the streets, arrests,
riots, bloodshed and murder is coraplfc
lv eliminated and the machinery of sra'o
continues uninterrupted. The nation oIh js
the mandates of Michelsen Just as thr
would King Oscar's, taxes continue t
flow Into the state's treasury and the new
recruits meet tor practice. The cur? a
decrees are obeyed, the police keep orir
and the people sow and reap, sail anl
fish and keep the trader going Just a If
nothing had happened. It id a real Ucl
revolution, which has been enacted ly
a modern, enlightened domocrary, with
out great cities or great industries.
Embarrassing for Prince.
"And when Prince Gustaf has Just com
pleted a round of foreign visits, and
the other courts has been wearing ths
Norwegian as well as the Swedish crown.
It must havo been embarrassing for h'm
self as well as his boats to have notice 1
the indorsement of dismissal engraved
upon the Norwegian regalia by MlcheLen
and Berner."
The.se are Valdemar Vedel's words. al
coming as they do from a Dane, they
naturally have created in Sweden a ( t
ing of resentment against Denmark The
Danes side with Norway, and this In itself
will probably act as a srromr Incentive
for Sweden to avoid open hostility with
Norway, not because of any material as.
distance which Denmark coukl offer N r-
way. but because of the loss which Swe
den's trade with Denmark would susta'.a.
The financial condition of the cun'rj
la steadily improving, as conndepoe I -a
business has roturned slnco the stagi
tlon which fell upon it three or four
ago.
Fifth Wheel for an
Automobile
Scientific American.
AN automobile has been designed ta
be propelled by a drurallke flf!h
wheel, arranged under the center of
the vehicle to run In bearings on two
hinged arms, which project downward
at a slight Inclination and are drawn
forward by tonslon springs. The Ilea
of these springs la that they tend
hold the wheel against the ground a-l
Increase its tractive power. This ten
sion Is under tho control of the opera
tor when tho machine Is traversing a
bad road. On any other than a very
bad road It Is entirely automatic. When
the engine turns tho drlvewheel. acd.
the vehicle Is hard to start, owing to a,
bad road or an obstruction In front of
the wheels, the drlvewheel will take
practically the ontiro weight of tha
vehicle on itsolf, thus increasing it
traction and relieving tho other wheela
of any considerable weight. The drive
wheel is mado hollow and used as a
muffler, or, when a steam onglne 1
used for power, it can be both the
muffler and water gear. This simpler
fifth-wheel arrangomont makes pos-
slble a solid rear axle, and also ren
ders unnecessary tho use of rubbcx
tlrc3 on commercial vehicles. It haa
two sldo disks, between which aro
bolted face plates of soft cast steely
which are practically indestructible,
and which, on granite or stone pave
ment, will not slip, as thl3 metal wilV
hold on Btones when the weight Is all
upon a single driving wheel. The3a
platos aro roadlly removable and cant
be replaced in Winter by toothed
plates for uso on ice or snow. Ween
the machlno Is running on soft sand op
mud it la driven through the flat;
plates, but on any ordinary road sldej
disks do the driving. Tho vehicle haa
a 4x4 four-cylinder, horizontal gaso
line motor, placed at the front. Tho
transmission 13 from the engine to at
countershaft, and from the counter
shaft to tho driving wheel by means
of a chain. A gear transmission caa
be used, and is found preferable wlUx
heavier machines.
The tractive ability of this little ma
chlno Is shown by the fact that Its
hauled two heavy coal wagons, weigh
ing two tons oach without a load but
with tho wheels of one of them locked
so as to slide. It was necessary t3
place two men on tho rear of the ma
chine to keep It from being lifted cfj
the ground, and every time the ma
chine was started the front end would
be lifted momentarily, and afterward
rest but lightly on the ground.
The inventor of this machine, George
T. Glover, of Chicago, states that thla
principle can be applied to heavy com
mercial automobiles, which can be
made not only to propel themselves
successfully, but also to haul heavy
loaded trucks. He has under construc
tion trucks of 100 to 2) horse-power,
the latter being fitted wltn a 12-cIin-dcr
engine and being designed for the
purpose of hauling a train of stone
laden wagons.
The fact that the fifth-wheel auto
mobile carries practically all tha
weight on Its driving wheel, whlca his
a tendency to raise the machine an I
get under the load when the power la
applied, makes it possible to use thLs
machine under conditions where t:a
ordinary method of propulsion by ta
rear wheels has boen found wanting
on account of Insufficient t rue tic n.
Such a machine can. therefore, be uscj
on ploughed fields or muddy roads, ar4
should be found invaluable to the farm
er for haulage work about the farm,
as well as for drawing his produ e ta
market. The fact that this system cf
propulsion has been in successful use
f6r several years on a huge snow loco
motive, thus demonstrating its entire
practicability, should make It apparent
to all that it Is a step in the right di
rection towards the perfection of com
merclal vehicles.
The Heroic Rich.
Chicago News.
Eventually we may expect to heae
that somebody has consented at an ap
palling sacrifice of personal ambltlona,
to become President,