THE SUNDAY OREGONIAX, PORTLAND, JULY . 9, 1905. I the PortoWce at PortJand. Or., Is second-class matter. lUBSCKIPTIOK KATES. ,'ARIABLY IK ADVANCE. (Br Mai! or Express.) Id Sunday, per year.. Id Sunday, six monms d Sunday, three months Sunday, per monin -"' inni Kundav. oer year. bout Sunday, nix months 3.00 ut Sunday, three monms... r .. c.m.Ur nor mfltlin .J 1:00 -nths "u CARRIER. Inv nor WOck. .! Sunday Included 20 "WEEKLY OltEGONIAJf. (Issued E ry Thursday.) cly. per year - l-. ilr. six months y' Jy. three months IW TO REailT Send postomce raonn exnress order or personal cnecK on local bank. Stamps, coin or currency it the sender's risk. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. Thf, K. r Ueckvrlth fetelal Acencx -ew fcfirk, rooms 43-50 Tribune building. Chl- a.so. rooms 510-512 innune duuuihb. KEPT ON SALE. Chicaaro Auditorium Annex. Postofflcc ewa Co.. 178 Dearborn street. Dallas, Tex. Globe News Depot. 200 Mam Street. fian Antonio. Tex. Louis Book ana cigar IT., 521 East Houston street. Denver Julius Black. Hamilton sc ivenu- ick. &06-012 Seventeenth sireei; itarrj jj. Jtt. 1583 Broadway; Pratt Book Store. 1214 Fifteenth street. Cc'lorudo Springs, Colo. Howard H. Meiu De Xoiae. la. Moses Jacobs. .109 Fifth fclreet. , DulHtfa, Minn. G. Blackburn. 215 "K est fcu- krlor street. sMHeJd, Jev.-C. Malone. Knits CKy, Ma. Rlcksecker Cigar k.o.. sinui and Walnut. Jso Assri e H a.-ry Drapkln; B. E. Amos, iiA West Seventh street. thirdfSteii'febjj.riir.r' 217 First avenue "cJerebuag. O. James Tushaw, 307 Superior jttreet. - , . ymr Xerlc City u. J ones &z lq, aiui louse. Oaklcusd Cal. W. H. Johnston. Fourteenth jul. Franklin Btreets. Ogdes F. R. Godard and Meyers & Har- top. D. L. Boyle. Oraabfv B fHc al o w Bros.. 1612 Farnam: Stageath Stationery Co.. 1308 Farnam; Mc LajgUlln Bro.. 246 South 14th; McLaughlin HoUx, 1515 Farnam. . Sacrameato. CaL Sacramento News Co., M29 K street. Salt Xake 8olt Lake News Co.. 77 West eeond street South: Frank Hutchison. VeUowBtoso Park, Wyo. Canyon Hotel. Sko Hotel. Yellowstone Park Assn. Iionff Beach B. E. Amos. xMn rraacisco J. K. Cooper & Co.. 740 tr.vtr itiwrf finldsmlth Bros.. 230 Sutter: Ll. K. Lee. Palace Hotel News Stand: F. W. nt'S, 1UI5 Harxei; ranc ocoli. ou. jtuo-. "Wheatley Movable News Stand, corner Mar ket and Kearney streets; Hotel St. Francis 2ews Stand; Foster L. Orear, Ferry -News 6tand. . St. Xouls. Mo. E. T. Jett JUOOK & jsews Company. 800 Olive street. Washington. D. C P. D. Morrison, 2132 Pennsylvania avenue. JKTLAXD, SUNDAY, JULY 8, -IMS. EMINENT DOMAIN. ie ingenuity of American inventors Ites the -wonder and envy of the rid. The Ingenuity of American law- is also excites the wonder of the rid; whether it is envied by other na- may be doubted. Many of its imeji'ts seem so much out of upon- a straightforward, plaln- hg planet like this that one longs te how they would work. In some world, say. in, that one, Imagined rron s deplorable hero Lucifer, bevli was good and good evil. The of eminent domain, as It has inceived and applied in recent Lvould fit rather well into the it. such a -world, perhaps. In rnere, by assumption admit- but not quite false. Jus- seems a Jlttle Incongru- ?rvejed concept of emi- -Slmple enougo, Jt is ue, absolute right to take the bodies and popsesslons of its sub jects for Its own use which every sov- jreign state has by virtue of its state hood. Originally, it was almost what we now call confiscation; but an en lightened nation never exercises the right without compensation. Our Fed eral and state constitutions require compensation in all cases. The authority of the state to compel ?i man to perve as a soldier is not called emlnent domain, but it is the same thing; only It Is exerted upon his body instead of his property. And to put a boy In school and keep him there by law Is another exercise of this Inherent x power, "which lies deeper than law in the social organism and is above all written constitutions. Some state con stitutions reserve eminent domain to the state. This is a waste of words. tate would have it In any case, as of the. United States Consti- inevl Thes assume that kawer, and speak l?n it is used. Lad it t a vhlch rmincnt fp a smallpox Souse. It is no crime fiallpox. The man loses lust as a farmer often loses railroad, not because of jut because It suits the pur- society to take It. The social Ise overrides the preference of the riduaL The patient may wish to iy at home; the farmer to keep his id;3ut in both cases their preference disregarded by the same right and rapon the same principle. What emi- Fnent domain comes to in the last analy- ipel a man to trade what he iqsl state both want for a compen- whlch he does not want. If he trtities willingly, then no authority Is FtxercMHl What he is forced to give up mzym his time. 'his labor, or his prop erty. The state inakes the truant ac cept an education- when he prefers lib- erty; it makes the farmer accept a "thouMpI dollars when he prefers his laiMHHanakeus all accept the protec tlonpsvernment in place of the taxes m:.jfg' .with infinite groaning. But it Is onlyour preferences which the state diarswds, not our rights. Against the ipuWic -or the grantee of the public a lan .has no, right to his preferences This St the essence of eminent domain. But-nleS the state makes fair com pens&wm for what it takes, it plays the part of a. robber, not a sovereign. When ' It does offer Just compensation, there - Is noittlng-lt may not take from a man Evei& his ' religion, the old laiv said "He Wns the religldn who rules the land." But we stop short of that. whether because the modern state thinks a man's religion not worth tak Ug or because it can think of no ade quate compensation, may be debated , All of us possess our ives and property subject to this condition. All? Well, ppetty nearly alL. There is one ingen ious exception. All whom iGod made Are subject to the -eminent domain of the state; a corporation with a per petual franchise is not. The creature ,of the law Ik found In this particular bje all the efcturejvOf the Almighty IrTMi cratwhis an cava iiT-rn Judicial opinion, implies a contract that it shall never be taken from its owners by the public All other property may be so taken If paid for; this may not. The life of a man may be ended for a public purpose, but not the life of one of these legal struldbrugs. Here is an achievement of legal ingenuity which makes a "twining serpiant" look like a mophandle. A perpetual franchise Is property. It ha? a market value. It Is bought and sold like other property: but the public may never buy it cora pulsorlly as they may everything else! Among all the examples of perverted . into contempt in America, this is the most ingenious, and the most perverse. We shall see. perhaps soon, whether it is law. THE EQUAL CHANCE. The best years of the brightest youth of America and Europe are given to the study of the civilizations of Greece and Rome. These civilizations were based upon human slavery. In Greece It was humane; in Rome more bitter; but the glory and the grandeur both had their roots in slavery. America has abol ished the gross legal compulsions to servitude. Our ethical , sense rejects them as unjust and ;cruel". One might question -whether a civilization -whose foundation lay in such compulsions were the best of all studies for a young man -when his ideals are nascent; but what nation, free from slavery in one form or another, has ever developed a civilization worth studying? Ruskln discusses whether there might be such a civilization, one where no class of men -was sacrificed for the advantage of a higher class; but his conclusion is pessimistic He seems forced to admit that it is Impossible. Certainly it has .not been achieved in modern times. The most ebullient optimists never deny that human sacrifice to Mammon, re named graft, prevails as a common and striking rite of our National religion; but they are comforted to think how elegantly It is done. Jtuskln was com forted by trying to believe the fruit of slavery worth what It cosL If Pericles and Phidias could not be had without slavery, then slavery was well. If the plant blossomed In Sophocles and Plato, what matter though its roots spread out in shameful ooze? The knight of the age of chivalry flourished upon serfdom. From the un paid labor of a multitude of men bound to the soil came his leisure, his wealth, his culture. Perhaps he was worth -what he cost In misery. He was the glory of his own day and his mem ory Is one of the joys of ours. "The cost of joy is Joy," Emily Dickinson writes, not without deep insight, carry ing over Into psychology the economic maxim thaUone man's gain must be another's loss; and all history confirms her.'" But now the economists reject the maxim: they teach us that real material gain may -be achieved by both parties to a trade. Is It true that no class can rise In civilization without treading down another? Can we not have again the Southern gentleman of "befo de wah" without a band of negro slaves to nourish him? Is this the best out look for humanity that the mass of men roust forever work too hard; brutalized by their toll, must what little pleasure they enjoy, or can enjoy, be always sensual? Is It true that art, 'music, llt erature, high thinking, fine feelings and noble manners must always exist ior a few men'only, arid that thesetfew -can achieve the capacity and the leisure to enjoy them In no other way than by exploiting the toil of an Inferior class? Experience says it is true. Society has always been divided Jno higher and lower; Into one class that lhTboredand one that enjoyed the friilts of labor. Nor is the dlvlsior different now. Is It a law of Nature or a mistake of man? It looks like a law of Nature. . The admirable, cultivated, nobly qualified man is expensive. He cannot produce himself. He maj' call himself self-made, but he stops far short of It; he has used the machinery of schools and colleges; the body of custom and common knowledge accumulated through all time; endowments, books, tools. The man who is nearest self- made. If he Is really a worthy product, is only self-built out of the material which constitutes civilization, and he consumes in building himself far more of that material than he can produce. The raw material that goes into the making of one high-grade man takes many men to produce. Hence, If every man enjoyed all the fruits, or the larger share of the fruits, of his own labor, there could be none of these expensive gentlemen, artists, poets, historians, statesmen. There would be no fund to spend upon them. Hitherto this fund has been taken, by violence or guile. from a laboring class; must It always be so? Probably not. To produce one noble specimen of manhood consumes the la bor of many inferior speicmens. Very well. One machine does the work of hundreds of men. Machines are taking the part in our economy which the slave played In Greece and Rome and In the South before the war; and with the result of ameliorating the lot of the whole race Instead of a few. Say noth ing of material comforts; Caesar, we tritely boast, had neither a shirt to wear nor a decent lamp to read by. Say nothing of transportation, newspapers, amusements. Think only of the enor mous fund which Is going directly and avowedly, year by year, to cultivate nobly the masses of men in public schools and state universities; In muni cipal libraries and museums; of the sums spent to maintain the health of the people: of the public Investments in parks. We lament frequently that the productive power of machinery benefits not the laborer, but the capitalist; and this is too near the truth. But It Is from the overplus of that productive power; that these beneficent expenditure.!, un known until very recent times, are derived: and they go to raise, slowly perhaps but surely, the condition of health, comfort and spiritual worth of the average man. This is In the green leaf. What will happen when society has solved the difficult problem Ov dis tribution and learned to render to every man Justly? To the capitalist, to the laborer, what is his; and to the public what belongs to It. Is It too much to hope that ultimately we shall achieve a social order with a becoming proportion of men of the highest grade, nourished, not upon the unrequited toll of any class, either slave or proletariat, but upon a fund which has already begun to accumulate In the endowments of education and to which all. shall have equal access? The-right of linherltance Is conventional, not natural.. All Jur ists admit this. What society has given It may take away, and the time may come when the law will see to it that every youth starts fair In life, with neither too much nor too little baggage: most of himself. What may become of him afterwards is not for the law to say. OUR FRIENDS FROM LEWIS TON. Memories of the close relationship of the past and the prospect for an early resumption of such relations have de veloped quite a bond of sympathy be tween Portland and its Idaho friends, and the people who gathered with us on Lewis ton day were heartily wel comed. There were hundreds of miles of practically undeveloped country stretching away on both sides of the Columbia and Snake Rivers In the '60?, when Lewlston was about the only town in the upper country with which Portland was doing business. The Idah& mines paid a rich tribute "to this "hnemf made possible by condi clty in those days, and it was the I i18'" eu' England at that period wealth from the mines, scattered among the new settlers for feed and provender, that first began to make farming pay In the Inland Empire. " The traffic which poured through the Idaho metropolis nestling at the Junc tion of the Snake and Clearwater Riv ers was of such great proportions that It- gave employment to a larger num ber of steamers than have ever before or since operated on- any Inland river route In the Pacific Northwest. It was the magnitude of this business that en abled the Oregon Steam Navigation Company to pile up colossal fortunes for Its stockholders and supplied the money with which to begin. rail connections between Portland and the upper coun try. In that period LewLston was as completely in Portland territory as any of the Willamette Valley cities, and that we did not suffer by our connec tions at that time Is shown by the very kindly feeling that has always been ex pressed for Portland and Portland en terprises by the Lewlston people. Despite all of the rich Idaho traffic which swelled the receipts of the O. S. N. Co. and its successors, the money has never been used to give Lewlston the same facilities granted other por tions of the Northwest, and. In view of this fact. It is somewhat surprising to And so much loyalty to Portland still remaining among our up-river friends. Fortunately for both Portland and Lewlston. there Is at last an excellent prospect that we shall In a very short time again be in close connection. Lew lston may never again send down 5200; 000 shipments of gold on a single boat, as It did in the days when Portland was In full swing In the trade of that country, but It Is now shipping out vast quantities of grain and fruit, and Is on the eve of a greater development than j was noted In any former period of Its history. Completion of the Snake-River line and the electric line through the Ncz Perces countrj' will bring about a pros perity that will outshine that of the palmiest days of the O. S. N. Co., and the portage railroad at CeHlo will stand as a guarantee against any possible return of high freight rates. Lewlston has for many years suffered the handi cap of an unnatural route to the mar kets of the outside world, but this Is about to be removed, and both Portland and Lewlton will come back Into their own. The cordial exchange of courte siea at ihe.-JSxDOsltion grounds yester day vers TOUtreser-ibled a meeting of old friends -wtibm n unkind fate had separated, 'bjit wW were about to re sume the-jipant relations so much enjoyed Jrf,' i.ie past.' MEMORIES OF BROOK FARM. Brook .Farmhouse, the ancient build ing In West Roxbury. Mass.. where, sixty years ago. Ralph Waldo Emerson, George Ripley. George William Curtis, Margaret Fuller, Amos Bronson Alcott, Charles A. Dana and a few other kin dred spirits set up their shortlived. Idealistic Social Democracy, was burned to the ground on July 4. Stand ing all of these ye'ars. the grim and desolate representative of human lib erty and equality in its idealistic sense, it was set on fire by that Insignificant exponent of freedom, the Fourth of July firecracker, and the ghost of Its past, "the soul of It." went walling up through flames and smoke. It was In this old house that Haw thorne wrote at the beginning of his literary career. Here George Ripley. Fcholar, preacher. Idealist, set himself to the task of establishing what Dr. Holmes called an "Intellectual or spir itual revival" upon something of a practical basis 1. e.. a basis that would permit people to eat and wear cloth ing In response to the needs of their bodies, literally without thought of the morrow, while " developing organized social life on a higher plane. It was between the years of 1S20 and 180 that there grew up In New England that form of thought or philosophy known as "transcendentalism." a name. as Emerson said, that was given "no body knows by whom, or when it was first applied." Amos Bronson Alcott, the husband of an energetic, capable. loyal woman, who found means to feed and clothe her family while he dreamed vain dreams, and the father of four bright daughters, of whom one. Louisa, M.. afterward gave a series of charm- Ing books for young people to the world, was a faithful devoted disciple of thLs old-new philosophy. Its humorous, nl most ludicrous side was set out by Miss Alcott many years later In a story called "Transcendental Wild Oats." Very close to facts as they existed at Brook Farm was this recital. Her bio grapher. Edna D. Cheney, says of it: The mlnRllnR- of pathos and humor, the reverence and ridicule with which fne author alternately treats the personalities and the notions of tho?e encased In the scheme make a rich and dfllshtful tale. The sketch was written In the light of the backward look, the absurdities of the picture coming out In strong re lief while the high lights present the grand misty outlines of the thoughts so poorly realized. The Alcott experiment took shape In 1843. when a company, of enthusiasts secured a farm near Concord, which, with trusting hope, they named "Fruit lands." The shifts and makeshifts to which the colonists were reduced while trying to live up to the light of its nomiHal head form a pitiful chapler In the struggle. The experiment was, of course, an utter, failure, as was also that at Brook Farm, near Boston, which preceded "Frultlands" by two or three years and somewhat out lasted it. It was the old farmhouse at Brook Farm the forlorn. long-unoccupied home of transcendentalism In Its most vigorous and systematic expression that was burned last Tuesday night. Here, was the rallying point of those whose aim was to bring about the best conditions for an Ideal civilization; who sought to reduce to the minimum the labor necessary for mere existence., and by this and by the simplicity of social for mental and spiritual education and development. Briefly stated by George Ripley, the founder of the colony The object of the Brook Farm Arewlatlon for Education and Arriculture was to Injure a more natural union' between Intellectual and manual labor than now cxUts: to combine the thinker and the worker as far a posstble In the same Individual: to guarantee the hlgheu mental freedom by providing all with labor adapted to their tan:es and talents. anJ securing to them the fruits of their In dustry: to do away with the necessity of menial services' by openlnz the benefits of education and the profits of labor to all. and thus to pre jure a society of liberal, in telligent, cultivated persons1, whose relations with each other would iermlt a more simple and wholesome life than can be ltd amidst the pressure of our competitive institution. Impractical as it now appears, this vl n iiii-ti .merson wrote 10 vurijie; We are all a little wild here with number less projects of social reform: not a reading man but has a draft of a new comity In his waistcoat pocket. This, at least, may be said of ,the scheme, even in the presence of its ab surdity as viewed from the simple ! standpoint of human nature and ma terlal human needs. It enlisted the at tention and co-operation of men who. In the light of what they contributed to Journalism, to poetry, to the thought of a thoughtful era and to high-bred phil anthropy are worthy of honor and re spect even of reverence. The chief writers of the movement were George Ripley. Charles A. Dana. John Dwight and Francis G. Shaw. Its I occasional writers included Greeley. I Emerson. Lowell. Whlttler. Curtis, Goodwin. Channlng and HIgglnson. Though evidently conscious of the In adequacy of the means adopted to corn pars the proposed end. these men re joiced In any endeavor .toward high weals of life. KANSAS AND STANDARD OIL. In order to fight Standard Oil In Kan sas, the Legislature appropriated $400. 000 for a state refinery, enacted maxi mum rates for the transportation of oil, declared pipelines to be common car riers, and as such under control of the State Railroad Commission, and set up other rules to insure uniform prices of certain commodities at named points. In due time the right of the state to establish this artificially organized ana ruled competition was challenged in the state courts, and now the Supreme Court has declared the law unconstitu tional, because the Constitution forbids state interference In "works of Internal Improvement." A significant item Is the comment of an independent refiner that In thLs decision he rejoices, as shutting out state competition and leav- T" ?e.ld fr a fa'f fl.Sht . b" lliC SUllC !-- V. IlllIU 113 rJKUlS 1 in prohibiting discrimination by rail- roads, or by any other form of trans portation based on franchises, or rights of eminent domain, secured from the public The state was equally, within its rights In demanding and taking steps to secure fair and reasonable rates of transportation by all common carriers, of oil. petroleum, or any other freight. On the other hand, if Standard Oil buys private rights of way from private owners, and constructs, equips and op erates its own pipeline to Its own refin eries, it Is very hard to see the logic of declaring that "common enemj-" a com mon carrier, and compelling it to trans port other people's oil by its own pipe line. Probably It will take some time for the scales of public Justice to adjust themselves, after the excitement of the recent fight. Anything Is better than that "straining a point" to declare a bad law constitutional which Governor ' Hoch Is reported to have suggested he would have done If he had been the court. Let Justice be done, though the heavens fall. Is a maxim that never can get old. An even rule for Stand ard Oil. and for the State of Kansas, and for the poorest driller of an oil well this have all men a right to ask. The people of Kansas should thank a sane and serious court for a just con struction of law that shows the way out for the state from a field It ought never to have entered. ROOM AND WELCOME. Oregon Is seeking immigration. It has room for a very large number of homeseekers and a warm welcome for home-makers. It offers to these such I nlnln cnllri citrtcfrtntl9l"lnr1tirnmnna ns are to be found In varied natural re sources, equable climate and fertile soil. It has magnificent scenery, too. which offers Itself in evidence to those who enjoy, and in a manner feast upon this type of Nature's bounty; but this lu not iititmI n n n ocinrln1 In ciippacs. 1 ful homebullding. It Is an Incident pleasing and inspiring, but not a spe cial Inducement to settlers of the type needed to develop our state and estab lish for themselves a permanent place In Its Industries. It devolves upon us to show that a comfortable ll-ellhood here awaits 1 thrifty, industrious familj men. under conditions that are superior to those In many sections of the country and equal to those anywhere The best way to prove this Is to offer evidence of the productiveness of our lands. If we halt at this point, it Is our own fault, and not the fault of the country. Those who are here, and those who will be here during the Exposition 1 blc t,ach individual. win he Kh.en a months, seeking may and doubtless small pIot of ground for cultlvati0n. and will. Inquire why we are Importing ; every encoUragement and facility will eggs, poultry, butter, cheese, vegetables a(rJrded for working It for the pleas and other food products If the climate ure health and proflt of tnose who and soil are adapted to their produc- ,u Here will be located. say3 thIa tion and there are large areas of land 1 chronicler that are untllled. It may be necessary i Xot a moaximtntal ,n,tItmIon. but a T,ac tO explain that this fact IS due tO the j of unfortunates with homelike .lurmtin.Hn individual shortsightedness of our farm- ers. and not to any defect In our agrl- cultural conditions. It may be neces sary to show, further, that the influ ence of the long isolation of early days has not yet worn itself out In our farm ing communities, and that this Influ ence tended toward the production of the single crop that would bear long shipment, or storage from one year to another, and away from the Idea of di versified farming. The world that Is. the ."moving world." to use the term In a double sense Is satisfied that the climate of Oregon has extraordinary merit.-, and that the resources of the state are vast and varied. The basic Industry here, as elsewhere. ls.ngriculture Intelligent. Intensified agriculture. Manufactures flourish when the means of feeding the operatives are ample. Mines will be opened, but miners must be fed. When people are convinced that abundance follows farming industry properly di rected, they will come here, whether "from Missouri" or. from any other sec tion of the country that breeds intelli gent, inquiring men. To quote a Cali fornia paper on this subject: than elsewhere: it ought not to be anywhere. The fantastic people are of no benefit to any countrr- Life everywhere should be made real, sensible and of value to one's self and the community. Such a life by all the people make a xreat country- Na ture fnipplles the elements or wealth and man finishes the product, and- In this lies all hU work, so far as material interests are concerned. This Is suggestive of alne of effort that. If properly and persistently pur sued, cannot fail to bring to Oregon, through the opportunities. of the Lewis and Clark Fair, an Influx of citizens for whom there Is abundant room and cor dial welcome. Having been "shown," people of this type will not fall to see, and. seeing, to profit thereby. WORK FOR THE PUDLIC ITS OWN RE WARD. There Is not In my Cabinet one man to whom tt is not a financial disadvantage to stay In the Cabinet. ... The chance to do Rood work If such work can be well done Is in itself the amplest reward, the ample.it prize. President Rootevelu President Roosevelt has rendered j many services to the American people none greater than when he sets up a high and noble standard of public work and public duty and enforces It. as. thank heaven! he can. by actual In stances of conspicuous service and de votion. Nor Is America alone In the possession of disinterested servants. If In any respect the plane of life Is raised, and shows that It Is raised in this mod ern age. it is In this, that nowhere are men recognized as worth v of rh niir they fill the hlchest. or In the iWer ranks of public life unless the world sees and knows that the service Is Its own best reward to the man who serves. Corruption and dishonesty In public places still endure: municipali ties, governments, legislatures, may be honeycombed with graft and peculation. Yet. like the worms that In dark bur rows suck the sap of tree and flower, their safety lies In darkness. In this day and generation the light kills them, pr. If not done to actual death, their power to work damage and destruc tion is forever gone. To ferret out. to unburrow. to drag to light such public enemies, is most necessary, though to the great majority most distasteful work. Happy he who. like the Presi dent, can cut the evil at the root by showing to all :.ges and conditions of the people the higher and wholesomer way. The blessedness of service Is the topic of which the true statesman and the true preacher may never tire: "The chance to do good work" work itself, not the rewards of work there is the essence of the teaching. Are we not all I touched In the various meetings In this city of convention and association, of society and order, when the time comes. not for calling the roll of the living, but those who in the year that has gone V. To 1,1 " n3I I have kept the faith." are the two ele ments of victory. ' What endears the President to the people is that he sees clearly and there fore fears not to set himself on what poor souls may deem the unpopular side. Many Americans love money, more love power and success. Personal alms are these. Dutj and service, the "chance to do good work," the doing it well, and therein gathering the amplest prize, such are the texts drawn by the President from the careers of both liv ing and dead servants of the people who serve and have served with him. A MUNICIPAL FARM COLONY. The present era is fertile In municipal schemes, not all of which feed upon "graft" or are instigated by self-seeking politicians. An example of a mu nicipal scheme that proposes to com bine municipal economy, or the econ omy of municipal funds, with a high degree of efficiency and humanity, and make punitive measures go hand in hand with reform, is noted In the muni cipal farm colony eoon to be established ten miles out from the City of Cleve land. Cora Clark Cooley writes enter tainingly of this scheme In The World Today, giving In detail the purpose of the colony. Briefly, it is a colonization of the various Institutions which a large municipality finds necessary or useful In dealing with the dependent, the criminal and the defective classes. A tract of land comprising 1300 acres, or two square miles, has been pur chased by the City of Cleveland -for this purpose. The administration building will occupy an elevated site In the cen ter of the tract, which commands the view for many miles. Located at some distance, from one another will be the house of correction, the detention hos pital, a tuberculosis sanitarium, a home for the aged poor, a home for cripples, a home for wayward girls, a general hospital for convalescent and chronic cases, and a hospital for the treatment of the drink and drug habits. Special cars furnished with beds, nurses or such attendants as may be necessary will be run over a suburban line to the several departments of the colony. As Is befitting, the aged and depend ent poor will be first housed In this 1 municipal colony. Their needs require tne prompteat attention. Age. Infirmity nH vrf.. frtrm rAmhln!irlnn ,w j makes urgent appea, for treatmenU Aa far as possible, the residents will be grouped according to nationality and congenial tastes. Husbands and wives will occupy a part of a cottage by them selves. Each cottage, or, when desira ' sufficient activity to fasten a feeling of inde- I Pndence. some room for Individual whims and caprices and ail In the midst of the tree opn country, flowers, trees and gardens, the residents of the other Institutions will be given freedom from city temptation;, the privilege of outdoor life and of regaining normal physical conditions, which are Important fac tors In overcoming vlcn. crime and disease. The scheme Is based upon the widest philanthropy, combined with the most simple utilitarianism. It takes note of the fact that many of these people, be cause of mental and bodily defects have been crowded out of the ranks of com petition In shops and factories, and who. though able In small Industries to make their own living on a scale com mensurate with their modest needs, cannot secure employment In the cities. Unlike the crowded factories, the land furnishes opportunities for the weak, the unskilled and the defective to do some useful work according to their abilities. Men past their prime, the crippled, the feebe-mlnded. who can give only a partial day's labor, will have a chance to use their limited talents. In two square miles of. jvooded hills, rolling meadows and plowed fields, with Its jteX? .and gaxfleaat Jis. -oattapes shops and barns, its cattle. 9heep and fowl, this farm colony will offer large opportunities for useful, happy lives for the weak. unfortunate and poor of a great city. The only obstacle, or at least the greatest obstacle, to a realization of this dream of munlicpal benevolence will be found In the reluctance of the beneficiaries to leave the city for the country. Incomprehensible as it Is to the lover of Nature, the advocate of pure air. the philanthropist who sees In land the friend of labor and the ally of the poor. It Is still a fact that the scheme offers something that many of these people at least do not want, and that. If forced upon them', they will not appreciate. The advantages are there as stated, but It will be dlfIicult"to make the proposed beneficiaries see them. It Is the old problem represented by the statement that It Is easy to lead a horse to the water, but quite another thing to make him drink. These people can be made comfortable, relatively speak ing, but it Is too much to expect that they will be contented In and with their new environment. Secretary Wilson has made a public announcement that Associate Statisti cian Edward S. Holmes Is the guilty party who gave away advance Informa tion on the character of the cotton crop renort. If Mr. Holmes Is guilty as charged, he Is deserving of the punish ment which he will receive. At the same time, news of his disgrace and dismissal will be received with regret b a Kreat many people In the Pacific Northwest with whom he came- In con tact on his periodical visits in connec tion with wheat-crop statistics. He was not alwas's able to overcome the padded early reports of the department, but his work In that, direction was the best of any of the men who have repre sented the Government in securing wheat statistics In th,!s part of the country. The most encouraging news In connection with this cotton-crop scandal Is that Secretary Wilson has outlined "an entire reorganization of the Bureau of Statistics and manner cf preparing monthly crop reports." We will, because we must, treat with courtesy those who come here for a "good time." as that term is Inter preted by an exaggerated imagination; who remain a few days to complain of the wet. if It rains, and the heat, if the sun shines. And go away to prevari cate. There are those of this type, of course. But upon the easily proven hy pothesis that the majority of our visit ors are people of intelligence and dis cernment. It is safe to assume that sightseeing in Oregon this Summer will result In homebullding later on by the most-approved type of settlers those who see here opportunity Inviting In dustry to come in and earn, first a liv ing, then a home, and, as the 3ears go on, a competence. The Salem convicts who ..secure free board and lodging from the state are said to be doing excellent work in road bulldlpg In Marion County. This sug gests great possibilities for realizing something on the work of these hun dreds of expensive boarders. There Is an unlimited field for operations In roadbulldlng. throughout the state, and. while It may not be practical to send the convicts too far away from the Penitentiary, they can work out from Salem In all directions without running out of employment for an Indefinite period. The prospects for such a healthy diversion, in connection with a sentence, might also prove a slight pre ventive of crime. That the people'of the whole country know what the case against Senator Mitchell was 13 due to the verbatim re ports published by The Oregonlan from day to day. Upon these reports the Judgment of the country was made up. Iso newspaper without full equipment and preparation for emergencies could have done it- The Oregonlan, which has some knowledge of newspaper work, can say with certainty that this work never was exceeded in fullness. completeness, extent and accuracy by any newspaper. Of the expense of this effort and achievement The Oregonlan says nothing? for It always has made it its business to be equal to any require ment. Secretary Taft is going to the Philip pines to show Governor Wright how to make the inhabitants pay taxes. What Wright needs Is expert advice. But there was no need to send all the way to Washington for so big a man as Taft. Here In Portland we have a lot of franchise-grabbers who can give cheaply all the Information wanted about how to make the other fellow pay the taxes. The Russian mutineers having at last surrendered to a foreign government, we begin to understand why the Black Sea fleet hunted for them so diligently in places where they were not. The Russian government can make sure of victory over any kind of a ship, fishing boats excepted, by letting some one else do the job. John D. Rockefeller having given $10,000,000 to a general educational fund and something like $30,000,000 or $40,000. 000 more for similar purposes to vari ous Institutions, there Is hope that after a while he may remember the tax col lector. The Russian mutineers have given up and fled. It wasn't much fun. after all. to steal a battleship and to be chassd all over the Black Sea. But they forgot that It was other Russians who chased them. The Japanese plenipotentiaries are coming via Seattle. They have heard about the United States, and evidently they are preparing for the worst. Mr. LawsDn challenges the "System" to mortal combat, but capitulates be fore a Jest. He is too sensitive to be either an author or an agitator. It Is a Xcwspiipcr. Polk County Observer. The people of Oregon never realized the Importance and value of a first-class daily newspaper more than during the trial of Senator Mitchell. Through the enterprise of the Oregonlan. in printing a complete stenographic report of each day's proceedings, they were enabled to read the evidence In Its entirety and to pass Intelligent Judgment upon the. merits of the case. The expense and labor connected with preparing this vast amount of matter each day must have been enor mous, and the fact that the task wns 'iiuccessfully accomplished speaks volumes for the efficiency of the OregonianV re- portorlal Btaft and the equipment of Its" mechanical department. It Is tests like these that distinguish the real from the make-believe newspapers. OREGON OZONE Hiram Hnylield's Views. -' Grass Valley, Or.. July S, 1505- v Dere Ozone: , . I sea thet the Nashunal WImmin Suf ferers Assoshoashun hez ben inn . seshun thlss weak at Portland. Hooray fur the wimmln sufferers! Ime fur thum. I like, too sea wlmmin suffer iff thay want too. Hoo Is tharc sew base az too say thet wlmmin -halnt gott no rite too suffer? As , the polt sez. "Suffer and bee strong;" Menn hev suffered frum the aigc of Ad dam. and thayre suffcrin hez . maid thum strong, sew thet thay air now kawled the lords of kreashun. while the wlmmin air dooin biznlss under the Nome de Plllm of the wecker seeks. Ime fur reform inn thio aftare. Give the wlmmin awl the -sufferln thay ast fur, and shaim on enny grate strong mann thet wunt purmltt fee mall sufferln! Shaim. I say! I ondcrstan thet the way these fee- -malls ekspekt to -suffer iz by glttin a voat Inn the affftres of the nashun.- I 3ont no of ennything that will ' caws thum mower sufferln than thet. Evry time I" go too the Poles I vow and deklair.too myself.' "HL Hayneld. thiss lz the las time yew'll voat: the jedges malk yew tel yore aige and sine yore fambly peddy gree, and then susplshun yew of kummin frum Wasco County fur the okkazhun.- . Itt's 2 mutch fur enny high-bread manni"- too stand." Butt I awlways go back necks elekshun and putt in my little Si? sew. whuthcr thay kount Itt or nott- . . Sew fur az Ime konserned, I don't sea enny grounds fur denyln the wimmln thayre rites to the ballet. Iff gurls Inn" theayters kin go In the ballet beet thay' air of alge. I kant aea why we shud she.t. groan wimmln outen thayre rites to the ballet. I Jess kant, so help my alfalfy kroppJ I hearby arise upp fur wlmmin's rites.' Iff a mann hez the rite to orfer hiz voat in the open marklt att sew much per voat. I kant sea fur the life of mee why a feemall woman ort nott too hev the salm rite. lie darn my sox Iff I kin. I amm a wlmmin's rites mann frum the the heals of my plowboots too the sole of my skalp. Evrything inn my aistem kawls for wimmln's rites. I talk the flore too demand thet wlmmin git awl the rites thet air kummin too- thum. and get thum P. D. Q. Lett the wlmmin bee emanci pated frum the keerr. of housekeepln and tendln the baby, and go out Inn the wide, wide wurruld and malk the fambly in-' kum. Lett thum tiperlght, and runn sa loons and enlist Inn the army. Shall we. kontinue too say thet they air nott the ekwllls of mere men? I paws for reply. When my wimmln fokes git too malkln the hull Hvln and thareby asoomin thayre rites. He jess talk my ole fish Pole and a kan of worms and a kuppel of pints of bate and go down the klasslck shores of Grass Crik and fish till my darter Jane Mariar putts upp her hosses, feeds and milks the cows, kutts a cord of wood and kawls mee hum too supper. Yores fur wlmmin sufferers. HIRAM HAYFIELD. P. S. Wimmln's rites mostly konsist -inn holdln the telyphone 2 hours, while awl the biznlss menn on the line gnash thayre-tcath and wisht thay, wuz an or tomattic telj-phone thet wud refuse to' . spekc too a woman Inn biznlss hours. Has All. the Qualifications. Mrs. Motherlove-1-! am awfully worried about my boy "Percy. He- seems to have no ambition in life, and he's so dreadfully dull and stupid when he meets people: all ,' he can say is "Pleased to know you" and "Fine day. isn't it?" I fear there is no-, career for the poor - boy. Mr. Pasj-e On the contrary, madam, I can see where your son will shine, if you put him in his proper sphere. Mrs. M. Oh. pray tell me! Mr. P. Make a society man of him. and let his specialty be to stand In the receiv ing line at social functions. The Unofficial Autocrat. "If I were actually running the . unl-, verse." says the Unofficial Autocrat. "In stead of Just imagining that I do. one of my first official acts would be to organ ize a society for the utilization of super fluous knowledge. Some people kuow more than they have any use for. We find this condition of over-produetioa in, every walk of life. No matter where we may go, we cannot get away from the person who knows too much. A little learning is a dangerous thing.' wrote the late A. Pope, in a burst of candor: but as a matter of fact, a whole lot of learn ing Is more perilous than an avalanche on a tear or a Twentieth Century train on an open switch. An overload of knowl edge may add to the general soul-sntls-factlon of the one who totes it around, but it Is' pretty sure, sooner or later, to drop off on the back of some poor cuss who has only -a little learning. For In stance, now, the other day I noticed some verses in this column wherein it was ?t forth that a Summer girl "had gtven up the conventions of life, gone to the sea shore, become a tomboy again and begun to 'gamble with the men.' According to the context I suspect that the author meant to have her 'gambol with the men.' But the compositor, being deeply versed in the gambling game, set it up gamble.' Of course. It really was un necessary for him to know so much about gambling, as a familiarity with draw poker, faro and fantan is not essen tial to his profession; but. possessing that . superfluous knowledge, he made the poor girl a gambler, which 13 hardly an enviable reputation for a young lady who hopes for matrimonial entanglements. A Summer girl can frisk and frolic and gam bol with the men as much as she likes, at the peashore, but when she 'gambles with the men It Is likely to get Into the next week's Seavlew Clarion and be copied Into the Semi-Weekly Vindicator back home, and that mlg'ht cause giggles In the Sunday school class taught by the gambling girl when she is at home. All of which." concludes the unomciai, "makes me want to organize the S. U.'' P. K." I The Laurel of John liny. Time the year 2003. Place a cemetery in Cleveland. O. - First Stranger The name on this mon ument seems familiar to me. but I can't Just recall in what connection. Second Stranger Why, this is the grave of John Hay, who died a hundred years' ago. Haven't you read history? Ho was one of our greatest- Secretaries of State. He was a distinguished diplomat. Ambas sador to England. He engineered the Hay-Pauncefote treaty and was the .au thor of the open door in China. Flryt Stranger Ah. yes. an author! ' I thought I remembered his name In that connection. Great statesman? Well, we have many statesmen and diplomats. But here Gomes' the sexton: let's see If this man knows what makes John Hay fa mous. Here, my good man. do you. know , anything about the man who is buried here? Sexton I should say I do, sir. Thou sands come here every year to see his grave, because he was the author of "Jim Blud-" ROBERTUS LOVE.