THE STOUAT QBEGOSIAN, FOBTIAKD, 'JUNE 11, 1905.
Entered .t the Tostelflce at Portland, Or.,
ss second-class matter.
ySCBSCKTPTJOX XA.TES.
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EASTERN BCSIXESS OFFICE.
The 6. C. Bock wi tli Special Atony New
Xork; rooms 43-50 Tribune building. Chi
cago, rooms 510-512 Tribune bulldlnc
EXIT ON SALE.
Chicago Auditorium .Annex, Fostolflee
News Cx. 17S Dearborn street.
Dallas, Tcjo Globe News Depot. SCO Main
street.
San Anlonlo, Tex. Louis Book and Clear
Co., 21 East Houston street.
Dearer Julius Black, Hamilton & Kend
rick, 900-012 Seventeenth street; Harry D.
Ott, 1503 Broadway.
Colorado Sprint, Colo. Howard H. Bell.
Des Moines, la- Moses Jacobs, SOS Fifth
street.
Duluth, la. O. Blackburn. 215 West Su
perior street.
Goldfield, Ner. C Malone.
Kansas City, Mo. Ricksecker Clear Co.,
Ninth and Walnut.
Los Ancelcs-Harry Drapkln; 3. E. Amos,
tH West Seventh street.
Minneapolis 1L. J. Kavanaush. SO South
Third; I. Regelsburser. 217 First avenue
South.
Cleveland, O, James Fushaw, SOT Superior
street.
New Xork City I, Jones & Co., Astor
House.
Oakland, CaL W. H. Johnston. Four
teenth and Franklin streets.
Oeden F. R. Godard and Meyers it Har
top. D. L. Boyle.
Omaha Barkalow Bros., 1612 Farnam;
J.fni-f-nth Statlonirv Co.. 1308 Famam: Mc-
Lauchlin Bros.. 240 South 14th; McLaughlin
& Holtr. 1015 Farnam.
Sacramento, CoL Sacramento News Co.,
420 K street.
Salt lake Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West
Becond street South; Frank Hutchison.
Yellowstone Park, Wyo. Canyon Hotel.
Lake Hotel. Yellowstone Park Assn.
Lonr Beach B. E. Amos.
San Prancisco J. X. Cooper '& Co., 746
Market street: Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Sutter:
L. E. Lee. Palace Hotel News Stand; F. W.
Pitts. 1008 Market: Frank Scott. 80 Ellis: iv
Wheatley Movable News Stand, corner Mar
Vet and Kearney streets; Hotel SL Francis
News Stand; Foster & Orear. Ferry News
Stand.
St. Louis. Mo. E. T. Jett Book & News
Company. 806 Olive street.
Washington, D. C. P. D. Morrison. 2132
Pennsylvania avenue.
PORTLAND, SUNDAY, JUNE 11, 1905.
MODERNITY IN OUR SCHOOLS.
To conform to the needs of modern
life, educational -systems In our time
have been greatly changed. On a few
simple principles the education of our
young people, down to a recent period,
was pursued or conducted. The lan
guages. besides English, were Latin
and Greek. There was a close and se-
jvere course in the elements of mathe
matica. Little attention was given to
the natural sciences. Modern lan
Iguages received scarcely any attention
iEvery one remarks the change of the
courses of study, in our times. It is
not denied, indeed, that In the old sys
tern of Greek. Latin and mathematics
there were and still are possibilities of
Bound culture. But the modern world
demands adaptation. Hence the mod
fern pressure towards studies in phys
ical and economic science. Hence large
substitution of modern for ancient lan
guages.
It is' believed that acquaintance with
the languages of the modern world is
better for general culture than devo
tion to the study of Greek and Latin,
to the exclusion of them. The lltera
ture and feeling of the modern world
are vital. The results of this study
come home to men's business and
bosoms. "We must live In the present.
not in an antique, world. Yet It is
true that without study of the old
thought and language and history and
ifeollng, we shall not clearly know our.
selves or our position, at the present
day. We -shall lack a certain fine in
terlor knowledge of the present, if we
eglect the study of the past.
Our own mother tongue Is an offshoot
of the Teutonic. Sixty per cent of our
dally vocabulary has German roots.
Nearly all our household words are of
this origin. Changes of form, indeed,
make it impossible for the common ob
server to identify our English words
with German, but to the student of the
history of the English language there
is little or no difficulty. In the domain
of government and of law, French In
Huence. from Roman sources, Is pre
dominant In our language chiefly
through the Franco-Norman Conquest.
The literary clement from Latin and
Greek has come later. Through Eng-
Jlsh writers of the sixteenth, seven
teenth. and eighteenth centuries we got
the Latin literary element. Introduc
tlon of the element from Greek came
later, largely through need of terms in
physical science, to the combinations of
which this language was peculiarly
adapted.
Since all the roots of our common
speech are German, it might be sup
posed that the German language would
be a natural and easy study for our
youth. But it is not so. In our Eng
lish speech French Influence Is so pow
erful that the original German basis
or stock has long been controlled by it.
And in fact German, in Germany, has'
been Influenced powerfully also by
French In ideas, turn of expression.
cast of thought. Goethe, Schiller, Les
ping. Heine, greatest names in German
literature, knew French and wrote and
spoke it; and French Influence largely
affected their work.
No other modern language holds the
peculiar place that the French lan
guage holds; and our modern eduea
tkmai work has been obliged to take
notice of it. Henoe French, in all ou:
Bchools. It is the language of actlv
and varied life. Its exactness makes it
the language of mathematics, of diplo
macy, of natural science and of meta
physics. And by a strange paradox it
is the language through which every
meaning may be concealed, or made to
appesr other than that really intended.
This, Indeed, is large part of its value.
It is the most delicate weapon of dip
lomauc fence It is the foil' which
touches, discomfits, the adversary
without inflicting a mortal -wound. It
is the only tongue which has developed
to a fine art the use of "sous-lntendu
The rigid moralist may feel a prefer
ence for the speech that says every
thing bluntly, in bare, bald nudity; but
It is a speech which will leave him
ftnr imes too often in awkward, pre-
dlcaments. from "which French always
opens a door of escape.
Our great English writers used to rail
against this characteristic of the
French language, which Indeed la but
an expression or transcript of French
manners and morals. Carlylc said that
Frenchman would tell you a story
whose truth at the moment was con
vincing; you would believe him; you
ould deem him a model of faith and
truth yet after you had parted with
him and had had time to reflect on
what he had said, you knew he had
lied! Goethe, In Wilhelm Melster, In
troduces a young woman who had a
faithless lover. She says: "During the
period of our kindliest connection he
wrote In German, and what genuine,
powerful, cordial German I It was not
till he wanted to get quit of me that
he began to write In French. What
he would have blushed to utter in his
own mother tongue he could by this
means write with a quiet conscience.
It is a perfidious language; it is the
language of reservations, equivocations
and lies! French is exactly the lan
guage of the world: worthy to become
the universal language, that all may
have it in their power to cheat and
cozen and betray each other!"
Such a language must, of course, be
cultivated by the general world not
that men may cheat and betray each
other, but that ihey may not be cheat
ed and betrayed; and further that they
may have command of keen and pol
ished weapons for defense, as well as
for attack, which the highest wit of
man affords. France, moreover, has a
body of literature which corresponds
with the genius of the language and
with the spirit of the people corrupt
ing, some say, but which yet is forcing
its way into our American and English
life. A sign of It is the Increasing at
tention to study of the language and
literature of France In all our higher
schools.
A STRIKING OBJECT LESSON.
The owners of the Consolidated Street
Railway of Portland representatives
of the "first families" announce
through their newspaper organ that
they have sold out that property for
16,000,000. It Is a straight steal of at
least $4,000,000, from the people of
Portland. However, that valuation of
$6,000,000 is to be taken into account in
assessment of the property and "fran
chises" and that not less than two
thirds of it was got through methods
that the grand Jury here has Just now
reprehended and the whole body of our
citizenship condemns, is a fact that will
not be lost sight of when the city shall
take possession of the whole, pay a
just value for it and operate the lines
under municipal ownership.
However, there Is good reason to be
lieve that this alleged sale Is not a
genuine sale, but only a capitalization
of the franchises, on which Eastern
investors are "let in." That Is, the cap
ital stock is to be increased several
millions, the Eastern Investors are to
put up the money, which goes Into the
pockets of those who "worked" the
Common Council for the franchise, and
yet the local holdings of stock are to
remain. In other words, these local
plutocrats have sold out for 54,000,000
the occupancy of the streets by their
car tracks, for which they paid nothing
whatever, and still will keep their hold
ings, or most of them; while the "deal"
carries the value of the stock up to high
figures.
This is the kind of "high finance"
that Is making socialists all over the
United States. The operators In this
case are adding millions directly to
their bank account, and at the same
time getting their stock marked up, say
to 150. 200, or more all through the
sale of Immense values that belong to
the public, not to themselves.
Here is the most striking object-les
sonshowing the nature and the con
sequences of the system of monopoly
and plutocracy ever presented In Ore
gon. The lesson will bear fruit. In our
politics and legislation. Any of us
might be rich if we could "absorb" pub
lic property and sell It for millions of
dollars.
THE BEST MEN WANTED.
General Manager Calvin, of the
Southern Pacific, has issued an order
requiring all applicants for positions
with the company to undergo a phys
ical examination. In the employment
of trainmen or frelghthandlers. It has
always been understood that healthy,
strong men were required, but, under
the new order, applicants for office po
sitions must also qualify physically as
well as mentally, the theory being that
a sound body Is conducive to better
work mentally. There was a time, not
so very many years ago. when the rail
roads as well as other employers of la
bor were unable to make such a fine
distinction between the different labor
ers In quest of work. It was a case of
take what comes. Including persons
who. at times, looked too long on the
wine that was red. The increasing In
dependence of the employers of labor
has been one of the greatest factors in
the promotion of temperance among
Americans.
The population of the country has in
creased so rapidly that it is no longer
necessary to employ a man who uses
spirituous liquor, even at Intervals. No
matter how skillful a railroad man may
be when he is sober, the railroad com
panies no longer take any chances with
him If he is known to drink at alL
They can secure all of the men needed
to operate their trains and run their
business, who ore practically total ab
stainers, and, as a result, the men who
drink must look elsewhere to a stead
ily narrowing market for their labor.
The new order requiring none but phys
ically sound men In the service Is per
haps only a continuation of the temper
ance requirement, in that It Is an ex
pression of a determination to get the
very best there is in the labor market.
The man whose brain Is befuddled by
liquor cannot give as satisfactory a ser
vice as one who does not use intoxi
cants, and the man who is physically
imperfect cannot, as a rule, prove as
satisfactory as the one to whom Na
ture has been more kind.
This slow, gradual working out of the
problem of the survival of the Attest
will eventually result in a much higher
order of citizenship and a more perfect
race of men. The drunken father not
infrequently leaves as a heritage to his
son a physical deformity which handl
caps'the unfortunate for life. If we re
move the cause by placing a premium
on sobriety, as Is now the case, there
will be a lessening In the misery due to
children not being "bora right." This
great question of segregating the best
Tfrom that which is not so good must
some day be faced by the great labor
unions of the country, Practically nil
of the trouble that has ever been cre
ated between union labor and Its ezc.
pky,rs jru jLu Si- Jtvaktmr t
the unions that no distinction should be j
made between any men who bore the
union label. In all unions will be found
soma men who are vastly superior to
others, and. by grading these men on a
horizontal scale,not only the good union
men. but the man who is paying the
wages, suffers.
This principle' is unfair, and in the
end will be discarded. The poor work
man, regardless of his union affiliations.
will be sent to the rear, just as the
drunkard and the physically deformed
workmen ore now being set aside by the
railroads. In some respects a ruling of
this kind will work quite a, hardship
and cause suffering, but no great re
forms have ever been accomplished In
this world without the penalty being
exacted from some one. The human
race has been several thousand years
reaching its present state of perfection,
or perhaps imperfection, but much has
been accomplished since our ancestors
were hunting the cave-bear with stone
axes and arrows. There Is a greater
premium than ever bef ore on men spe
cially equipped for mental and phys
ical pursuits, and this premium is an
Incentive for increasing perfection,
through a closer observance of the rules
of health, and more attention to the
development of the best powers of
mankind.
THE COUNTRY EDITOR.
"Who has a better time than the coun
try editor? Here we find our old friend
Albert Tozier. Bohemian and bon vl-
vant, down In Oklahoma, the honored
guest of an enthusiastic populace, at
bullfights, banquets and barbecues. The
National Editorial Association Is hold
ing its annual session at Guthrie, and
Albert Tozlers from all the states of
the Union are there. Tou might Imag
ine that In these days of strenuous ac
tlvity in Oregon, sufficient to bring all
the way across the continent a Vice
President of the Urlted States days
when Portland Is Just emerging from
the rigors of a city election, and the
land-fraud trials loom up on the hori
zon, there would be excitement -enough
at home for Editor Tozier. There is.
What he Is after, and what every other
Editor Tozier Is after in these halcyon
June days every year. Is surcease from
trouble and worry and that congenial
commingling of souls that comes
only with the society of your own kind.
The country editor, like all editors, is
gregarious. Despite a grievously com
mon opinion to the contrary, he loves to
eat. drink and be merry, to lard over
attenuated ribs with the substance, and
not the shadow, of earth's good things,
torefresh a Jaded mind byattrilion with
other bright intellects, and to revive
drooping spirits by the Inspiring annals
of the year's successes. It is the duty
and the pleasure of supine railroad cor
porations every year to see ye editor,
learn where he wants to go and provide
the wherewith in the shape of free
passes and plenty of them. If the rail
road has an obligation to the country
editor which it discharges ungrudging
ly, so that he may go where he will
and come back when he will, ye editor
owes It to himself to see that the be
nevolent purposes of the corporation
are not thwarted. So rare a quality In
a railroad should be carefully and reg
ularly encouraged. Thus we always
find that about this time of year
sanctums are deserted, scissors are
rusting In unaccustomed idleness,
the pastepot is surrendered to the
bluebottle fly. and "Pro Bono Publico."
"Veritas." "Citizen" and "Subscriber"
are. turned over to the tender mercies
of the office deviL The editor is oft on
his annual junket.
If any one thinks It Is an easy job to
run a country newspaper, let him try
It. To be sure, there is a large number
of misguided citizens who always fancy
that It takes nothing but a stub pencil.
a ,asnington hand-press, a pot of
printer's Ink and a limited line of credit
with a patent-inside concern to fill a
long-felt want In a yearning commu
nity; but they always find out their
mistake about the time the mortgage
becomes due. It takes a great deal of
persistence and some brains to get
along in the country. Just the same as
In the city. The country editor who
writes a hlfalutln salutatory and Issues
VoL L No. 1. under the notion there Is
nothing then to do but to put his feet
up on his desk and wait for eager sub
scribers and hungry advertisers to roll
In. Invariably takes It out In waltiiur.
To be sure, it sometimes happens that
Mrs. Samantha Winterbottom drops In
and lays a dozen eggs on our table,"
and "one of our leading citizens. Mr.
Hans Svensen, of Norwegian Gulch.
favored ye editor last week by dumping
a fine load of cord wood in our, back
yard"; but you may be pretty sure
that Mrs. winterbottom and Mr. Swen
sen never acknowledge by payment In
hard cash the weekly visits of the
newspaper to their homes. An editor
must eat. and neither cordwood nor
bad eggs do much to satisfy the crav
ings of an empty stomach. The coun
try editor that thankfully receives
damaged henfrult and second-hand fire
wood usually finds that he gets very
little of anything else. On the other
hand, the public gets about all It pays
for. for newspapers with editors of that
kind are worthless. The editor who re
gards himself as a sort of public charge.
like some preachers, will always starve
between donation parties. If he starts
out with the fixed determination to
print e good paper and make the pub
lic pay for it, he will find that his sub
scribers buy It because they want It,
and not because they are contributing
to a sort of Journalistic charity.
Country editors as a class are self
respecting, diligent, conscientious and
intelligent, and willing to stand on
their own merits. But there Is still an
other branch of the family; half-way
between the country editor and the
metropolitan Journalist, whose chief
ambition Is to be the dependent and
mercenary of 6ome political machine or
state or county administration. "What
they want Is easy money, which may
be earned, honestly enough, but which,
because It is handed out as & condition
of continued fealty to a political or
ganlzatfon, is anything but easy money.
Some country Journals establish bu
reaus In the metropolis, and lie at
space rates about their betters, though
this genus, thank heaven. Is rare; oth
ers attend to their own business the
best they know how. and retain the
respect of their contemporaries and the
support of their constituents, which
they deserve. Some country newspa
pers ore owned body and soul by an
opulent office-holder, and yet they think
to cover up the sinister Influences that
control them by attacking the National
Administration or their contemporaries.
Other country newspapers are owned
by their editors and edited by their
owners; and these fear neither the Gov
ernment nor its prosecuting agents, nor
the Sheriffs, ner their creditors. If they
to the credit of all journalism, are in
the majority.
But we are getting far from Albert
Tozier. "We left him in Oklahoma. He
has started for Oregon, some three hun
dred of him, and. we shall be glad to
see him and all of him, when he comes.
M. DELCAS6E. -The
statesman of France who was
known to be most friendly to Russia,
and the strongest supporter of the dual
alliance. M. Delcasse. has resigned, or
has had to retire, at a most awkward
moment. Just now. when Russia will
of necessity be Influenced by her ally
and banker, to have lost her tried
friend at the Paris Foreign Office may
turn out most Important. The more so
because M. Delcasse had been the ac
tive agent In the negotiations with
Great Britain which culminated In the
recent treaty, and was thoroughly
trusted by that country. It Is generally
thought that the German Chancellor Is
to be credited with making M. Del
casse's place too hot for him, and that
his .success gained for him the Prince
dom bestowed upon him by the Kaiser
without other apparent reason. Of
course, the Morocco affair was a con
venient pretext, and was made the
most of by the Germans. After all. the
settlement between what are called the
Mediterranean powers, by which
France was accorded the right of raak
Ing Morocco keep the peace and settle
down into nelghborllness, was reason
able. . Since commercial Interests of the
various nations in Morocco were not
affected, there was no good reason for
calling every one into council And
Germany had no trade of any conse
quence with Morocco. But his not be
ing consulted gave this uneasy and sen
sitive Kaiser, the chance to complain.
and of course he grasped at the oppor
tunny or setting France down in a
matter not big enough to tight about.
So M. Delcasse, one of the most careful
and conservative of diplomatists, had
to go. for what his enemies call a lack
of caution. Had he called all the na
tlons Into council, he would have been
equally to blame, no doubt, for letting
Germany have a linger In the pie. This
quiet, self-made man showing quali
ties the very opposite of those with
which his countrymen are credited
having kept the peace of 'Europe, and
yet never surrendered a thing for which
he did not gain at least as good as he
gave, goes into the retirement of pri
vate life at the worst possible crisis for
the peace of the world.
PORTLAND: A PROPHECY.
On the Eastern coast of the United
states three cities entered the race for
supremacy In the seventeenth century-
Boston. New York and Philadelphia.
On the "Western coast three cities en
tered a similar race In the nineteenth
century Seattle. Portland and San
Francisco. Of the Eastern cities. Phil
adelphia, though the last to enter, had
the lead for more than a hundred years.
San Francisco, founded first of the
"Western group, still enjoys the primacy
among them; she leads, and leads by a
long distance. "Will Portland or Seattle
ever overtake and pass her? And If
either of them, which will It be?
Cities grow great in three ways.
First, they attract Inhabitants because
of their beautiful situations, fine
streets, the presence of courts or legis
latures, and an Intellectual or artistic
society. Washington is such a city,
"Without advantages of commerce, man
ufactures or trade. It Is rapidly becom
ing a metropolis as well as a capital.
solely becaufe It Is pleasant to live
there. Perhaps in the course of a thou
sand years Washington may become
for America what Paris Is for France
the historic heart and brain of the na
tion. San Francisco, Portland and Se
attle all make intellectual or artistic
pretensions, and not without grounds;
but it Is only capital cities Vienna,
Berlin. SL Petersburg which have
really attained the first rank through
causes like these, and not one of our
Pacific trio Is even the capital of a
slate. The near future contains no
large promise for any of them in this
direction
Secondly, cities grow great by selling
their manufactures: but for that to
happen the manufactures must be of
universal and unlimited demand, and
the city must have some competitive
advantage like cheap labor' and fuel or
exclusive access to populous markets.
England has carried cotton across the
ocean, manufactured It and built up
great cities upon Its sale, because she
has coal and labor together; she had
only to bring the raw material to them.
Our Pacific cities have not the coal In
anything like the same supply, nor have
they the labor; and since they would
have to bring the staple as far as Eng
land does, or farther, they are not likely
to engage In cotton manufacture very
soon. In England again, and In Penn
sylvania, coal and labor abound not far
from the Iron deposits; hence cities like
Birmingham and Pittsburg; but here,
with neither coal nor labor, and with
the Iron. If It exists, yet to be discov
ered, we can expect no Carnegies. Beer
may have made cities famous, but it
has never made them great; the lumber
industry Is transient, no future can be
built upon It; beet sugar is a rural
rather than an urban resource; the Ori
ent, where our manufactures must be
sold. Is not a market for woolen fab
rics, but it is a market for flour. "When
folly has had her fling and economic
laws are at work, the wheat of the in
land emplro will all pass out to the
world through Portland, because that Is
the cheapest route for It; hence It will
be floured in Portland and shipped
thence to Asia. Of this Industry Na
ture has given Portland a monopoly.
But it does not seem likely that either
of our three cities will ever reach met
ropolitan rank by the way of manufac
turing. There Is a third way, and the three
largest cities In the world London.
New Tork and Canton have all taken
it. They reached greatness by the same
road; so did Carthage. Venice. Ant
werp, the. Hanse towns, all traveled It.
The name of this ancient and well
traveled road is commerce. It is a wide
road, and has three tracks for vehicles.
One track brings wealth, whatever It
may be, from the inland, to the city.
and carries other wealth from the city
to the Inland. Another track moves the
productOB from the Inland to ferelgn
nations and returns other goods or
money. By the third track money, con
sidered as a commodity, comes and
goes. Dropping the figure, there are
three modes of commerce carrying
from the interior to foreign lands, from
foreign lands to the interior, and the
traffic In money. The city grows upon
the toll It takes from goods or money
In traMlt.
Oomterce Ss the mbatenlal teye
all ocr Pdfi clttes. In the kmc run
JC iGiaili Jterj? ;Umk. fxanOc&tat
the natural routes of commerce con
verge. Artificial routes may obscure
the plans of Nature for a time, but not
permanently. The transcontinental
railroads, for example, have played a
great part In the commercial history of
the Coast, but that part Is nearly
played, out. As factors In the ultimate
state of things, they may be Ignored.
Their not distant fate Is to become
mere local carriers In the main. "When
the Panama Canal Is finished, heavy
freight from the territory between the
Rocky Mountains and the Mississippi
will leave the country over roads run
ning south and converging at Galves
ton; that produced east of the Missis
sippi will go by way of New Tork.
Only light and perishable goods will
then be hauled over the Rocky Moun
tains. The prophet, therefore, will not
be greatly disturbed by the transconti
nental railroads of San Francisco or
Seattle. He will find the solution of his
problem by seeking the point where the
natural routes of commerce of this part
of the world converge routes which He
west of the Rocky Mountains. San
Francisco has two such. They traverse
the beautiful little valleys of the Sacra
mento and San Joaquin Rivers. All the
rest of the world Is shut out on the
land side by the Sierra Nevada Moun
tain, which press close to the ocean
through nearly the whole length of
California. Seattle has no natural
Toutes of commerce, not even one petty
river basin. The very existence of that
city seems like an artifice. The mil
lionaires have created it for their fatu
ous diversion, as the French King did
Versailles.
On the other hand, consider the ex
tent of territory whose roads run all
the way downhill to Portland. The
great "Willamette Valley, the Deschutes
Valley, the John Day, the Harney coun-
rtry, opening by way of the Owyhee and
Malheur Rivers to the Snake, and the
vast Teaches of the Snake and the Up
per Columbia. Our problem, it seems,
then, was sMved by Nature long before
transcontinental railroads were thought
of. The site of the metropolis of the
Pacific Coast was fixed when the
mountain chains were upheaved and
the Columbia River began to flow.
Portland was chosen by a decree of
fate which human Inertia, obstinacy or
folly may postpone, but cannot alter.
WHAT WE SPEND ABROAD.
The oversea rush of pleasure-seeking
travelers began early In the month of
May. and will reach full tide possibly
by the first week In August. Every
steamship that has left the port of New
Tork since May has been crowded to Its
fullest capacity with passengers, and
present indications point to a record
breaking exodus. The full capacity of
favorite steamers has already been
booked for weeks ahead, and all of the
steamship lines are making prepara
tions for the heaviest traffic in their
history.
What this means to the American
people financially 13 shown by Henry
C; Nicholas. In a recent article In Pub
lie Opinion. What it means in an edu
cational sense can scarcely be con
ceived. The' tuition rate in this great
school of travel Is high, but it Is be
lleved that the benefits received war
rant the outlay.
How great this outlay Is in aggregate
may be seen from the statement of ex
perts on foreign exchange, by which
means letters of credit for the expenses
of tourists are arranged. These for the
last five years show that an average
of more than 5100,000,000 a year has
been spent by American tourists
abroad. Present indications are that
150,000 cabin passengers will cross the
Atlantic eastward this year, the cost of
whose vacations will not be less than
51000 each, or a totai of 5150.000.000. Of
this amount. 537,500.000 represents pas
sage money. The balance covers the
expenses at a moderate estimate of this
grand army of tourists
It is manifestly Impossible to deter
mine how much each tourist spends on
his European trip, or to strike an exact
average, so wide is the diversity of
tastes and resources. The 150,000 people
who go hence for longer or shorter
periods of absence this year will in
clude the wealthy miner and his fam
ily from the Rocky Mountain region.
the rancher from California, the rich
porkpacker and his family from Chi
cago, the planter from Mississippi, the
schoolteacher chaperoning a bevy of
young girls from the Middle West, and
the millionaire banker or speculator
from Wall street. The Individual ex
penses of these several classes of tour
ists -will, of course, vary greatly, as
will also the pleasure that they derive
from the trip and the knowledge of men
and affairs, of customs and peoples
that they obtain.
Persons to whom a trip to Europe Is
the event of a lifetime will be those
who will get the most in a higher edu
cational sense for their time and money.
An army, though relatively a small one.
of this class crosses the water In in
creasing numbers each succeeding year.
In times of Industrial stagnation it
dwindles and In times of extreme flnan
clal stress It Is practically wiped out
But a few years of good wages and
steady employment again sets the tide
toward the flood, bringing this event of
a lifetime to the multlude that enjoys
and profits, in a specific sense, by for
elgn travel.
This multitude will be swelled this
year Isbelngalready swelled by mem
bers of the Industrial and professional
vocations, to whom the past few years
of abounding prosperity have brought
the coveted, opportunity. We can well
believe that the money spent by these
people will not be money wasted.
Teachers will be better teachers for the
old-new outing; professional men will
add to their equipment for work in the
widened view that travel gives and the
better understanding of men and things
that It conveys; school children, accom
panying their parents, will find ' the
geography of the earth illustrated In a
way Impossible In booksj To all of
these, and many others, the price paid
for the European trip will be money
well spent, and never In any future
stress In life will It be begrudged.
And the other thousands composing
the rank and file of Americans of mod
era to means, -who hope some time to
go to Europe, but who desire first to
become acquainted with the natural
beauties of their own country and learn
something more than they can learn
without a transcontinental Journey, of
its wonderful resources. Its develop
ment. Its energy and its enterprise-
will find arrangements by which they
can make this trip quickly, comforta
bly and pleasantly, as complete In their
way as are those which meet the tour
ist at the great ports the Atlantic
seaboard and carry hiss, to a foreign
shore. To this army f fcflt tourists
the yreseat 9onner preceMs Jorge p
9ortaB!ty. The Jtmvpmm trip will
JlcAm. later. on& -ia beaocth imt a-
Joyed, but the more rather, In that they
have first come to know something of
the vastness, the beauty and the won
derful resources that lie between the
Atlantic and the Pacific in the wide ex
panse of a greaLcontlnent.
Oregon real estate dealers must ex
pect to wait until 1906 or even longer
for the fruits of their sowing in 1905.
People who come to the Fair this year
will visit different sections of the state,
looking for desirable locations. They
will examine many pieces of farm or
city property, and some will Invest be
fore returning to their Eastern homes.
All will come, however, on round-trip
tickets, and many will go back to close
up their affairs In the East before buy
ing homes in Oregon. A large propor
tion of the people who come here' to
see the Fair are "looking around." They
are not certain whether they wish to
come here to live, but they will learn
of Oregon's delightful climate, varied
resources and beautiful scenery before
they leave the state. They will not for
"get what they have learned, and many
will. In a year or two, sell their homes
on the other side of the Rockies and
come to Oregon to live. Then the real
estate men will receive returns for the
time and .money they spend this year
showing the visitors what Oregon has
to offer in the way of Investments. This
should be and probably will be a prof
itable year for men engaged In selling
real estate, but not all the results of
efforts In that line will be realized In
one season.
Baron Rosen, as the Russian Minister
to Japan Immediately preceding the
present war. exerted his influence
steadily for peace. It Is currently be
lieved, at least In Toklo. that had his
advice been taken there would have
been no war. When the war came and
be was recalled, he was not cordially
received In official circles at St. Peters
burg, for the reason that he had not,
as it was considered, played Russia's
bold game with as strong, a hand as it
was thought he might and should have
done. The withdrawal of Count Cas
slnt from Washington, the most anti
Japanese of Russian diplomats, and the
coming of Baron Rosen, the most pro-
Japanese, has been held to be Indicative
of Russia's disposition to make peace
In the Far East and her appreciation
of the kind offices of President Roose
velt' looking to an honorable adjustment
of terms with her victorious adversary.
A Massachusetts professor is said to
have received a shock of 500,000 volts of
electricity in order to show how harm
Ies3 It is when properly handled. The
news report says that "special appa
ratus" was placed around his body
while the test was being made. There
Joes not appear to be anything very
remarkable about the feat, for a "spe
cial apparatus" known as a lightning
rod has been known to prevent a house
suffering any damage from a good
many thousand volts of the invisible
force. The professor's demonstration
would have been more remarkable had
It taken place in the chair at Sing Sing
or on a third rail Five hundred thou
sand volts there would at least cause
him to sit up and take notice.
A Canadian cruiser has just sunk an
American fishing tug, which failed to
stop when ordered to do so. The Amer
ican vessel was beyond the legal limit
In Canadian waters, and there Is ac
cordingly not much danger of interna
tlonal complications arising. It has been
some years since Canadian cruisers or
cutters hod the pleasure of chasing
American sealing schooners, and, In
lieu of entertainment of this nature, the
occasional capture of a fishing tug or
smack will serve to remind us that the
Canadians have not forgotten the re
stricttons' we have placed on their own
fishing operations in waters near the
boundary Hne.-
Thc United States Navy knows how
to shoot, as the Spanish know, and any
other possible future enemy may find
out. One gunner on the battleship
Kentucky hit a target 21x17 feet 1000
yards distant, with a five-inch gun
'thirteen times out of fourteenr another
thirteen times without a miss; and two
other gunners twelve out of thirteen
times. No belligerent warship could
stand such gunnery long, unless it had
better-gunners; and no other navy has
Now what are the "first families" go
Ing to do with the four millions of dol
lars for which they have sold the
streets of Portland? Spend part of It
In ever-growing luxury, of course, and
the remainder in schemes for their own
future enrichment. Small part of It to
the cheap hirelings who run their news
paper.
The Norwegians want to set up gov
emmental housekeeping on their own
account. When they have maintained
a separate royal household of English.
stock for a few years they will doubt
less find that on the score of runnln
expenses the co-operative system Is the
cheapest.
Both belligerent nations now look to
President Roosevelt to settle their
trouble. Evidently there 13 some mlsn-
take about the mission of the Big Stick.
The only use the President has ever
made of it Is to secure peace.
California Knights Templar who
come to Portland next month are cer
tain to receive the same quality of
generous welcome that they accorded
to Oregon brethren at last year's con
clave.
The President going to make & grand
tour of the South and his wife buying
a farm In Virginia Indicate that Roose
velt will grow In popularity on the
sunny side of Mason and Dixon's line.
It Is evident from reports from Man
churia that neither the Japanese nor
the Russian commander has learned of
peace negotiations at Washington and
other National capitals. .
Be it noted that Portland's bank
clearances' last week showed an In
crease of 60 per cent over the corre
sponding week last year. And they are
never stuffed.
It will be a relief to other policy-holders
to know that men who have been
In control are insured in the Equitable
for large sums.
Paul Morton for presidency of the
Equitable; Prince Arthur for the throne
of Norway; two good men. nominated
for good Jobs.
There are still a. few streets that ths
Consolidated. Street Railway Company
Aoecn't own. Then, there's the rivtr.
0REG0NJ)Z0NE. -
Norway appears to believe thoroughly
in divorce.
Somebody has figured out that the war
costs Russia about 510,000,000 a week. The
last week in May was somewhat more ex
pensive than the average. -
The chief difference between St. Louis
and Portland, leaving climate aside. Is
this: In St. Louis, when a pioneer dies,
he used to run a steamboat on the Mis
sissippi and was intimately acquainted
with Mark Twain when the humorist was
river pilot. In Portland, when a pio
neer dies, he came across the plains in
an ox wagon back In '42, and took din
ner with Marcus Whitman at the old
mission.
Mr. Kryl, the long-haired cornet soloist
with the Innes Band, proposes to get a
hair-cut U1I3 week, for which he offers
any competent barber In Portland the un
usual fee of 51. If It Is worth a dollar to
trim a cornetlst, how much would It be
worth a shear Paderewski?
Lewis and Clark Journal Up to Date.
PORTLAND, June 10, 1905. We have
begun to despair of discovering Astoria.
Here we are, a hundred miles from the
object of our expedition, stuck fast.
All our men have hit the Trail and de
serted. Even the Show-Show-Mo
squaw, Sacajawea, the Sixth, has ceased
to be our guide, philosopher and friend,
and ha3 hired herself ou to the Gay
Paree combination as a danseuse from
Paris, Texas; and old Charboneau, our
French-Canadian trapper and scrapper.
has rented himself to the Streets ot
Cairo outfit as a turbaned Turkish
pleler. And alas and alack! that cute
little tootsey-wootsey pet of the expedi
tion, Sacajawea's pappoose, is earning a
high salary as an infant in the Infant
Incubator establishment. Truly has this
Trail hit us hard!
As to ourselves, we are doing very
well, thank you. Last night we were
Invited to a gathering of tha Wobfoot
tribe in honor of Big Chief Good, in a
handsome' whitewashed tepee on the
shore of the lake. If the people back
In Virginia imagine that these tribes
out here where the Oregon rolls are
not civilized, let them hit the Trail and
come to this Wallamet settlement this
Summer Instead of hitting the board
walk at Asbury Park. The braves,
when they attend an evening reception,
wear swallow-tall coats and the charm
ing Pocahontases dress decollette.
Truly, there has been great advance
ment sinco we first struck this neigh
borhood in 1S05. It must be seen to be
appreciated.
In about three weeks, provided we
can collect our men and pay the ran
som demanded for Sacajawea and the
pappoose. we hope to push on toward
the reputed location of Astoria.
The Strlngtown- Band.
I'm no great shakes for music, though I
play a chune or so.
And make a feint at slngln "Home. Swaat
Home" or "Ola Black Joe,"
When axed to and pcrsuaded-llke; but
lemme tell you what:
I think your city music now is mostly
run to rot-
I've- heerd your primer donnys sing an
octavo and a haff
Melby and Adline Paddy, but their antics
makes mo laff:
I've heerd your Damrot concerts, too, and
Susie's band to boot.
And every orkstry In Noo Tork, and all
the horns they toot;
But if I'm wantln music that affects ma
Ilka a pome.
I'll call for somethln techln by tha ola
brass band at home.
.The ola brass band at Stringtown! Wy,
it's-be'n an age ago
Since that Pcrfessor come along and
learnt tho boys to blow.
Ha had long hair he never combed; ho
didn't wear no board:
But ho could play the finest chunes that's
ever yet- be'en heerd.
He pounded the peanner, and ha plunked
the mandolin;
And when ho scraped the fiddle you for
got this world o sin
And went gallantin' up tho sky upon an
angel's wing. ...
That fcller'd fetch the music from a dry
goods box. by .Jlng!
And so he mada ua all buy horns, and
learnt us how to play
Till we could beat him at it, by the time
he went away.
Bill Bunker played the first cornet, Jim
Wilson second. Jack
Gillespie clashed them cymbal things till
you'd 'a thought they'd crack:
Sid Lincoln was the artist on the clari'net,
and Joe
His brother on the big bass horn could
drown ola Gabriel's blow.
Tho trombone, it was blowed by Jones.
who wore a beaver hat;
Tom Shelton tapped the tenor drum. Tha
bass drum? I beat that!
And when we marched along tha street
with manly strida and swing.
I low we manufactured noise that mada
the heavens ring;
And proud? Well, now, I 'low there's no
be-dtyfled galoot
Gits haff the honors poured on us when
we begun to toot.
I know these primer donnys, in the city,
on the stage.
With squeechy, speaky upper notes, Jlst
now are all the rage;
And these hero bands that set around on
cheers, and claw the air.
Are mighty pop'lar here In town; but say,
now, I declare!
Jlst gimme ole Bill Bunker, sir, and Jim
and Jack and Sid,
Tom Shelton and the undersigned, and
won't we lift the lid?
Wy, haff the music nowadays Is educated
noise.
And can't compare with that bras3 band
made up of Stringtown boys;
For when wo played ole favor-ltes like
"Swanee River." w'y,
Tho feelln' that wo -putt In them mada
all the women cry.
Hurrah! hooray! I'm back agln behind
that drum today
On rlcollectlon-like) and hear tha boys
begin to play!
We're struttin up the Stringtown pike,
and all along the sides
Are gathered Nells and Carolines, and
Mary Arms, and Lldes
Our sweethearts: hear that first cornet!
and hear them cymbal things!
And hear this big bass drum o mine!
. . . O Lordy gimme wings!
I want to fly back twenty year, and
flop right down and land
Slap In the middle of the street, in ole
BUI Bunker's band!
I want to give that drum a, whack, and
beat tha tarnal lights
Of music out of itand yiay them Striag-
tawa. avor-itea!
COSEKTU1 LOOT.