Image provided by: University of Oregon Libraries; Eugene, OR
About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 20, 1904)
THE BtTNDAY OKEGQyiAy, PORTLAlSI), NOVEMBER 20, 1&04. Entered at the Postofflce at Portland, Or as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION HATES. 3jr mall (postage prepaid la advance) Dally, -With Sunday, per month 2 -85 Sally, with Sunday excepted, per year. . 7.50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 9.00 fiunday. per year 2.00 The Weekly, per year 1-50 The Weekly, 3 months .50 Dally, per week, delivered, Sunday ex cepted 15o Dally, per week, delivered. Sunday in cluded 20c POSTAGE RATES. United States, Canada and Mexico 10 to li-pase paper ,.lc 16 lo 30-page paper ..2c 82 to 44-page paper -.3c Foreign rates, double. EASTERN BUSINESS OFFICE. (The 8. C. Beckwith Special Arescy) Tievr Totk; rooms 43-50, Tribune building. Chicago: Rooms 510-512 Tribune building. The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories Zrom Individuals and cannot under take to return any manuscript sent to It without solicitation. No stamps should be Inclosed lor this purpose. KEPT OX SALE. Chicago Auditorium Annex: Postofflce News Co.. 173 Dearborn street. Dearer Julius Black. Hamilton & Keod rick, 800-812 Seventeenth st, and Frueaufl Bros.. 605 10th st. Kansas City, Mo. Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut. Iios Angeles B. p. Gardner, 259 South Spring, and Harry Drapkln. Oakland. CaL W. H. Johnston, 14th and Franklin st. Minneapolis M. J. Kavanaugh, 50 South Third; L. Regelsburger, 217 First- avenue South. New 1'ork City L. Jones & Co., Aster House. Ogdea F. R. Godard and Myers & Har rop. , Omaha Borkalow Bros., 1012 Farnam; Mageath Stationery Co., 1308 Farnam. Salt Lake Salt Eake News Co.. 77 West Second South street. St- 1x3 uls World's Fair News Co.. Geo. L. Ackerman, newsboy. Eighth and Olive st, and Excelsior News Company. San Francisco J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Mar ket, near Palace Hotel; Foster & Orear. Ferry News Stand; Goldsmith Bros., 233 Sutter; L. E. Lee. Palace Hotel News Stand; F. W. Pitts, 1008 Market; Frank Scott, 80 Ellis; N. Wheatley, 83 Stevenson; Hotel St. Francis News Stand. Washington. D. C. Ebbltt House News Stand. PORTLAND. SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 20 ' PROBLEMS OF WAR. That the present war in the Orient "is due to the aggressiveness of Russia npne will question. Russia herself does not Question it, but justifies it, on the ground that as a mighty nation she must not refuse her destiny therefore must control countries in her path and establish her dominion on the Pacific. Prom her standpoint there Is argument for such necessity, though it is only a lorm of the old plea of tyrants. It might not be disadvantageous to Northern China and to Corea to fall under the Influence and domination of Russia, were not Japan also involved; but it would mean the strangulation of Japan, who is prepared herself for lead ership in the Orient, and under whose, direction China and Corea would have more enlightened guidance than under Russian despotlsm. The hopelessness of International ar bitration as a preventive of war be comes manifest from such situations as this; for Russia's advance, though subtle and slow, nevertheless Is aggran dizement, veiled under diplomatic ar rangements made years ago, the real fruits of which became apparent only through the outbreak of this war; and the nations that acquiesced and ' even participated in those arrangements are not now in position to demand that Russia's march shall stop. Nor have they right to hold Japan to non-resistance, while Russia makes these aggres sive strides, which manifestly threaten the very existence of Japan. If all states and all individuals would abstain from aggression there would be no outrages to repel; but It is as useless to expect that states will ab stain as that individuals will. The folly and wickedness of wars of ag grandizement no doubt are better un derstood than a century ago, and more freely acknowledged; and in proportion as states do abstain from aggression, so much is gained tosthe cause of hu manity. But the current of events car ries nations into situations from which they feel they cannot retreat, and war is the result. Such was our recent war with Spain; such was the British-Boer "War in South Africa; such is the pres ent war between Russia and Japan. The moral and material consequences of war may be both good and bad, not only to the nations involved, but to the world at large. The present conse quences are always injurious and de structive, often deplorable; the benefits seldom appear till after 'the lapse of a considerable time. Napoleon's wars, in their immediate consequences, were a terrible- scourge to mankind; but Europe as it Is today is largely the result of the career of Napoleon. It broke up Inveterate abuses, cleared out dukes and prlnceklns, who were bur dens upon their people, opened careers everywhere' to talnts, laid the founda tions for the regeneration of Italy and for the unjty of Germany, pushed states actively forward in the arts and works of Industry, and started them upon great schemes for education of the masses. It stirred to the depths the pool of thought and action lhat had been stagnant for centuries. In a word, it was the introduction to the activity and to the progressive movement of the modern world. "Who can tell how far the results of our short and by no means strenuous war with Spain will reach? It revolutionizes nothing; but it carries the influence and power of a great nation into situations where they will act as ever-expandmg forces in the affairs of the' world. In portrayal of the manifold evils and horrors of war greatest writers, as Channing and Robert Hall, have laid out the best resources of their moral genius, The point they seem to us to miss, yet which Is attainable, is to per ceive amidst all the admixture of evil and all the seeming disorder of conflict ing agencies, a general tendency never theless towards the accomplishment of wise and beneficent results. It is one of the strange problems in the moral government, of the world. The Eugene Journal moralizes in this wise: If it is immoral and wicked for the com mon herd to gamble in Eugene, Portland, Seattle. Spokane and other outside districts, and the police or Sherl Itmust "run In" the gamblers, by what authority do the railroad magnates and millionaires of high degree bet and win or lose from 3700,000 to $200. 000. openly and above board, on a Presi dential election? The whole business is pa raded in the newspapers and nobody says nay. Are all laws against gambling enforced only against Chinese end common white peo ple It seems so. Betting on elections, or on speed of horses, or agility or jumping frogs, or buying and selling imaginary commodities-4a, fecasda t trade sad feucleet shops, are variations, all, of the direc tion of the passion for gambling, ''and indistinguishable In morals, from other forms of gambling. And there is some inconsistency and even absurdity in drawing a line against the poker game, while advocating appropriation of money out of the state treasury to en courage men to bet on the speed of horses at the State Fair. When we get this" whole business in hand, however, we shall hold everybody down, and stop board of trade as well as poolroom gambling. But by what argument Is the man who is able to bet $200,000 to $700, 000 on an election singled out as "Im moral and wicked," while the man who can afford to put up only a pair of boots or a- yoke of steers Is let off without reprimand? Will our friend at Eugene look to it? FREDERICK THE GREAT. Prussian discipline, which today un der the wider name of German disci pline sets the standard for the armies of the world, first showed its power under Frederick II. for whom it won the title of the Great. Able commander as Frederick was, on more than one occasion he was saved from a perilous position by the wonderful steadiness and discipline of his Prussian soldiers, who enabled the King to preserve in tact his country of 5,000,000 inhabitants against the armed might of Europe, and thereby foster the spirit that has pro duced the Imperial Germany of today. Frederick was born at Berlin in 1712. He was bullied by bis father to such an extent that he actually deserted the army and set out for France, but was arrested and brought back. The King, it is said, had resolved to execute Frederick for this offense, but was dissuaded from such extreme meas ures and the young Prince was al lowed to go free, although one of his companions was not so fortunate. Even Frederick's marriage in 1733 was the result of compulsion, and the Eng lish Princess Amelia, with whom he was said to have hfAn in lntre re mained unmarried since she might notJ be the wife of her German hero. At the age of 28 Frederick ascended the throne, and he was not slow to be come active in the field. The ascent of Maria Theresa to the Austrian throne he took as an opportunity to put into effect his designs upon Silesia, a rich province that was geographically a part of his kingdom. After the Austri ans were defeated, In nfu Silesia was ceded to Prussia by Maria Theresa in the following year. In 1744 Frederick renewed the war, and captured the City of Prague, but was compelled to re treat, and after some later fighting peace was again made In -1745. Maria Theresa, with the Empress of Russia, now brought the King of France Into a coalition against Fred erick, and in 1756 he began the Seven Tears' War by invading Saxony, where he defeated the Austrian forces. Bo hemia was the scene of the next year's campaign, and here Frederick won a great battle at Prague, with a loss of 18,000 men. He was defeated later in the year, however, and driven out of Bohemia, so that his position appeared desperate. "We hardly know any in stance," says Macaulay, "of the strength or weakness of human nature so striking and so grotesque as the character of this haughty, vigilant, resolute, sagacious blue-stocking . . . bearing up against a world in arms, with an ounce of poison in one pocket afad a quire of bad verses in the other," for Frederick, like his successor, Wil helm II, devoted part of his overflow ing energy to verse-making. At this juncture, when Prussia ap peared to be between the upper and the nether millstones, Frederick astonished the world by winning a great victory at Rosbach, where with 25.000 men he sig nally defeated twice that number of Austrians. In this battle the enemy at tempted to outflank Frederick, who, by seizing the opportune moment, turned the maneuver to his own advantage. In the following month. December. 1757. Frederick again defeated the Austrians uuicu, it uume winuii ixapoieon described as a masterpiece. Here Fred erick opposed 80,000 allies with 30,000 Prussians, and by striking the enemy's flank at the right moment won a mag nificent victory. The total Prussian loss was but 6000, while the other side lost 20,000 men, 100 guns and 4000 wag ons, having no less than seventeen Generals killed or wounded. In 1759, however, the allies took Berlin, and in the succeeding year? the fortunes of war varied, and in 1761 things looked very black for Prussia, when the deajlh of the Empress of Russia and the ac cession of Peter, a friend of Freder ick, caused a complete reversal of Rus sian policy, so .that in 1763 Maria Ther esa, deserted by her allies was com pelled to sign a treaty of peace, by which Frederick retained Silesia and ceded nothing. Frederick was a man of extraordi nary activity, and on the conclusion of the Seven i War he devoted him self t up his kingdom after of war upon Its re- ndeed, due to" the care rs and himself that small population, was against practically all ipe. The country was organized, whereas the al- act well together, and Ger- iztion has been noteworthy Frederick died in 1786. leaving a jrreat accumulation o poems and memoirs, the latter being highly praised by Ma caulay. ADVANCE IN AGRICULTURE. The present year has been one of trials and tribulations to the miners and mlneowners of Colorado. Their profits have been absorbed In losses and their love for their fellow-men has been lost In the bitterness of' contention. Not so with the farmers of the state. Those who, when Colorado was men tioned, have been accustomed to think of mountains, minerals, scenery, ranches and health resorts verdureless and without agricultural possibilities must revise their habit, since according to William E. Curtis, who writes of the state In the Chicago Record-Herald, the people have learned to "farm the scen ery" with substantial profit This comes as a surprise, but wonder grows when It is added that no other section of the Union produces so much per acre of cultivation as does Colorado. It is true that but a few years ago Colorado was only "a health and tourist resort a country of wild mining camps and wide, bleak ranges, over which stock roamed and fed in Summer and huddled and starved In Winter. Now it claims to produce a greater value in vegetables than minerals, and. In fact, to be seventh In the list of agricultural states. Specifying, It Is thh-d as a hay producer and fifth as a wheat grower, while this year Its record in fruit and potatoes will c&iute othr states io look jLgars me sourceKj of blHd Prasl able tHrf lies dlCot man osssn ever eVK to their laurels. It la estimated upon a reasonable basis that the 25,500 farina of ten acres or more In the state have produced crops worth $49,000,000. which is considerably more than the estimated value of the mineral output With this showing Colorado should not take her industrial or political troubles too seri ous!. When the farmers of a com monwealth come to Thanksgiving day with full pocketbooks as well as full hearts, the country can scarcely be said to be in a bad way. It is interesting in this connection to note that small farms, well tilled, are much in favor in Colorado. Great areas of wild land abound, but they belong to the open range as. yet, and have not come under the dominion of agricul ture, as many of them will when the dreams of the Irrigation Congress are realized. There, as elsewhere, the most important factors, next to good soil and sufficient-moisture, to the success of farming, are Industry and intelligence. As expressed by Mr. Curtis, "a fool cannot farm any better than he can do anything else, and a lazy man should never think of taking it up." We do not have to go to Colorado to apply these, simple rules to agriculture. Oregon has had her day, and a long, gloomy one It was, with large, ill-tilled, unproductive farms. But the farmers, aided by the encouragement of an ex panded and constantly widening mar ket .have learneM a new lesson. For the one crop that could alone bear the stress of a waiting demand and a far away market they have, toa consider able extent substituted diversified ag riculture and found In It steady returns and a fair margin of profit Smaller farms have succeeded, in many In stances, the donation land claims of 640 or 320 acres, to the profit of the holders. There are still wide areas now unproductive that might be made to support homes, build schoolhouses and add a 'prosperous multitude to the pop ulation of Oregon by development of the small-farm system that has proved of such advantageveisewhere. WHERE IS LOCAL OPTION NOW? Did anybody deny before the Prohibi tion election, November 8, that the pur pose of the "local option" law was to force prohibition on towns by means of "dry" country votes? Yes, very many intense zealots did just that and were ready to skin alive anybody who con troverted their utterance. Now they are themselves belied. Towns that have gone "dry" from the rural vote are McMinnvllle, Marshfleld, Arlington, Hood River, and Roseburg In its saloon precinct Medford and Ashland barely escaped the same fate, since the ma jority against prohibition in Jackson County was but as a hair's breadth. The soporific dope, injected into the June election by Prohls, is beginning to wear off, and the bunco game is plain. A "dry" majority rules a county, but not a "wet" majority. "Local option" is accorded to every precinct voting "dry," but not every precinct voting "wet" A "dry" majority puts off an other election two years, but a "wet" majority only one year. If an elector would expel saloons from his home pre cinct, he must vote for prohibition in the whole county. It's easy to see the prohibition trick In all this, but where's the "local option"? A great many per sons are Just awakening from the dream. Let them beware of prohibition dope hereafter. CURE FOR TUBERCULOSIS. Dr. Flick, who conducts a free hos pital for poor consumptives at White Haven, Pa.r gives encouraging reports of the open-air treatment with specific attention to diet, rest, etc., for this class , of patients. The fact that consumption is a communicable disease is no longer denied by any Intelligent person. Heredity has no part In It, except as it furnishes a good soil In the tissues of a nonreslstant body for the germs to develop. It is curable if treatment is begun In the earlier stages. Re ports from Dr. Flick's hospital furnish conclusive evidence of this in many complete cures. The patients live in cottages or tents, eat freely of milk, eggs and other easily assimilated, nutritious food, and exer cise dally, under the supervision of spe cialists In the open air, care being taken to avoid exhaustion. The great est foe of consumption is pure oxygen. Medicine has no part In affecting Its cure. By the way, what has become of the open-air sanitarium of which we heard so much In this city last Spring? Is it still waiting for a few hundred or a few thousand dollars to enable it to begin its saving work? If so, let ua hope for humanity's sake that its long day of waiting will soon end. INDIVIDUAL SPELLING. Of late there has been a noticeable increase In the number of books pub lished under such titles as "Correct Writing and Speaking," and most of the volumes are evidently Intended for the use of persons who have passed the school-going age. In view of thiB ob ject it might be expected that the books in question would be devoted to less elementary advice than "Don't say you was,' " or "Don't say 'you done It good' "yet It is In Just this sort of advice that most of these admonitory volumes abound, and the strange thing about It is that experience teaches the necessity for such advice. There Is apparent an increasing "slopplness" In the use of words, even in some newspapers, which are in these days the most potent of all Influences In guiding the public speech. A word, for example, can never hope to gradu ate from the ranks of inadmissible slang until It has been approved for some time by newspaper use. Even a Boston newspaper, one of the most lit erary In the country, speaks of "the Imperial Theater, situate in the street of the Black Cat," and a Pittsburg paper says, inelegantly, to say the least, that a certain biography will be read by all Americans "desirous of booking themselves in the naval history of their country." A New York paper" of high reputation says that some women will "act Insulted" wfcen a favor Is done them. Another paper tells of a woman "lying prone upon the floor, with her face upturned," a description that In dicates a very strained position or a strained use of the word "prone." The word "transpire" has been so misused that one even finds sentences such as "What transpired at the meeting is not known," and many other words are similarly maltreated. As a rule, however, the newspapers of the country, Issued hurriedly as they are, do much to keep the standard of the language from being lowered, and most of the errors or Inelegant expres sions that And -their way into print are due to the haste necessary In "getting out the paper." The same is far from being true of the public To judge from the cQgrtspoodsnos. of many jwr sons7 it Is one of the rarest things in the world to Had a. person who can spell or punctuate a letter correctly, unless among the professional writers. Many persons laying claim to an education sprinkle commas or dashes over their letters as if a pepperbox had been used. Spelling, although not a matter of great Importance, Is apparently regarded as being of no importance whatever. A recent letter on the subject of St Hel en's Hall contained such ambitious words as "lnauspltious" and "elemosi nary." Another from a public official took a ,shot at "delapltadet" A writer, who quoted Seneca, wrote "suppllment ed eplstal" for "supplemental epistle." Spellings such as "untlU" and "trates of character" are too common to at tract much attention. It will be seen that there Is a field for the publication of,books on the use of English. Some people can never learn to spell, but It should be possi ble for the majority to learn how to write in more or less accordance with godd usage and without an entirely self-devised system of spelling. RECORD PRICES FOR HORSES. The displacement of the horse by the automobile Is less rapid than was pre dicted a short time ago, when the "devil wagons" began to figure as something more than pleasure vehicles. Naturally the thousands of automobiles which have been sold within the past few years have offered a means for transportation which, to a certain ex tent would otherwise have been sup plied by the horse, the steam or trolley car. The field thus occupied by the au tomobile, however, does not appear to have been gained by any particular en croachment on the domain of the horse. As a country we are growing so rapidly in wealth and population and our field of operations Is spreading so rapidly th'at there Is a steadily increasing de mand for supplemental facilities f6r both business and pleasure. Indisputable evidence, that the auto mobile has not lessened the demand for good horses or decreased their value Is shown by the high prices now ruling for all classes of horseflesh. The trot ting stallion McKInney, a California bred animal, with numerous progeny all over Oregon and Washington, was sold in New York a few days ago for $50,000, As McKInney is now 17 years old, this price, age considered, is the highest that has ever been paid for a horse of any breed. The great Or monde, whose wonderful lineage and marvelous speed as a colt enabled his owner to exchange him for $150,000, commanded that figure because of the long life and attendant great possibili ties in breeding which awaited him. Similar conditions warranted J. Mal colm Forbes payng Governor Stanford $125,000 for Arlon. for that great trotter was only past colthood when he was transferred from California to Boston. Possibilities from a breeding standpoint also made 9-year-old Hamburg at $70, 000 and 14-year-old Meddler at $51,000 cheaper horses than the great son of Alcyone, who at 17 years of age Is well past the meridian of his usefulness. The record of McKInney Is but 201, and he Is accordingly too slow and too old to supply his rich purchaser with the exhilaration attendant on a brush on the speedway. This fact places the $50,00 price which he commanded on an Investment basis. His wonderful suc cess as a sire of extreme speed and the great and growing demand for fast horses Is responsible for the fancy figure at which he changed hands. When it is considered that Sweet Marie, a member of his large and select family of flyers, won in purses during the sea son Just closing more than $25,000, it is not difficult to understand that his off spring for the few remaining years of his- life-need not be very numerous in order to return easily to his new owner the full purchase price. "The automobile manufacturers are building faster; more beautiful and more expensive machines than, ever be fore, but they are all going Into a field which Is so distinctly separate from that of the horse that the demand for the latter was never better, and, as the figure paid, for old McKinney Indicates, the prices are higher than ever before. If we are to have a horseless age. Its ap pearance is fully due, but there is nothing In the present outlook to war- 'rant the belief that this noblest of the brute creation' Is destined to play any less prominent part In the world's af fairs than he has been playing since the beginning of history. So long as good, red blood flows in the veins qf man his affections will never be weaned from his equine friend to an Inanimate machine like the noisy, ill-smelling, murderous automobile. SOUND ADVICE. It may be hoped, for their own sakes and for the sake of humanity, that the colored people of the South will lend willing ear to the advice of their leader, Booker T. Washington, and walk so berly, quietly , and with proper self constraint along lines that will lead to their Industrial and financial advance ment "Remember," says this oracle of his race, "that In the long run It Is to certain fundamental Ideas of growth in property, intelligence and high char acter, together with the cultivation of friendly relations with our neighbors, that we as a race must look for our ul timate success." This Is excellent advice for any class of people, and Indeed for all classes, to follow. Handicapped by the prejudice that follows race and color, It Is indis pensable to the success, and even ln some localities to the safety, of the negro. The white man who Is "unduly pompous, self-assertive and generally offensive" Is justly regarded as a most disagreeable neighbor and fellow worker; the colored man who is domi nated by these traits of character is in sufferable, and, for obvious reasons, es pecially so In the South. The indus trial and financial advancement of the .Southern negro can only follow the. practice of the precepts so plainly pre sented by their best friend and wisest, most patient counsellor and advocate, the man who has done more than any other man of his race to advance the true interests of his people. It will be Necessary for the comfort and even the safety of passengers to Introduce forced ventilation Into all the way stations of the great New York subway. An examination of the air In many stations has stiown that the per centage of oxygen, Is so low as to he prejudicial to health. -This Is on the platforms, and of course It Is worse on the trains. This explains the dull feel ing in transit and the depression after ward, of which complaint has already been made. Assurances that the trains act like a pisto are not verified by the fact3. In the large four-track gallerj & train presenting- a "piston" surface f ! in a- Jrtc t Um Mctioa does not drive The bad air out and draw fresh air In; it merely agitates the air through which It passes. The true fig ure, says the New York Post "Is not a piston, but a churn, and passing trains no more draw in fresh air than a dasher, however, vigorously worked, draws in additional cream." Science and sanitation will rise to meet the emergency in due time, which means very soon. The half -suffocated patrons of the subway, with low percentages of oxygen behind the demand, clamor for relief and they will get It. The time for the substitution of elec tricity for steam, to a relatively limited extent on short stretches of railroads, Is close at hand. The entire Long Island Railway Is soon to adopt elec tric power, and the New York Central will use this motive force for thirty miles north of Its New York terminals, while the Pennsylvania will Install It exclusively on its new tunnel lines into New York. Practical tests have justi fied these changes from steam to elec tricity, and this Is but the beginning". It Is conceded that electrical power, on railroads to which It can be applied, will make traveling swifter, 'safer and more comfortable. The first electric lo comotive built for the New York Cen tral covers seventy-five miles In an hour without difficulty, and It la not of the most powerful type. Competent electrical engineers declare that within the second decade of the twentieth cen tury It will be possible to operate 30.000 miles of road from Niagara Falls. This may be the dream of enthusiasts, but there Is substance enough In It to make it probable that a generation hence the locomotive will be looked upon as the present generation looks upon the stagecoach as an institution useful In lt3 day, but belonging to the past It is astonishing that any one should try to maintain that gambling can have any Branding In law or In morals. The opinion of Judge George is right, and it Is righteous. In law and morals alike the position Is just' and right. Let it stand as a landmark, as It should. And yet men will follow this instinct and passion of gambling, which some how is one of the profoundest instincts and passions of human nature in all the stages of growth from savagery to the highest civilization. They who con demn these Instincts and passions most violently will yet pursue them In Indi rect and darkest ways. You will And them, not, perhaps, at the professional gambler's table, not at llonte Carlo nor at Blazler's, but yet sitting at des perate games of chance of every de scription, at stock boards, at wheat and cotton exchanges "sitting rude, deliri ous, raving, mad, where fortune to "the Ackle die is bound." But the one kind of gambling is discreditable and the other Isn't Yet the discreditable kind Is the least harmful. The other kind, however, is pursued by our greatest moralists. Improved methods of construction have made It necessary to change many of the' plans upon which our great coast defenses were begun sev eral years ago. Coast defenses that are worthy of the name must be able to resist the tremendous impact of modern missiles hurled from modern guns. The work up to this time repre sents an outlay of $28,000,000. How much of this has been outdated by Im provement In ordnance and In naval 'construction is not stated, but some what more than 50 per cent of the work included In the scheme of coast defense formulated a few years ago has been completed. Even the most vislormrv kadvocate of universal peace must in dorse, regardless of cost, the construc tion of coast defenses that will make the landing of hostile armies or the devastation of our seaboard cities im practicable. If General Stoessel can hold the fort until the Baltic fleet reaches Oriental waters, It Is reasonable to suppose that Japan will not be victorious in her des perate assault Her sea power is, un fortunately, limited, but that she will put up a fight that will open the eyes of Russia to the value of good seaman ship is certain. If Stoessel does hold put until relief reaches him, he will easily be the biggest man In Russia with the exception of Nicholas himself. His triumph will be one of sheer stub bornness over desperate courage. Bre'r Woolley and Bre'r Stewart. Pro hibitionists of National reputation, are In a violent controversy over the dis posal of certain funds by the National Committee, of which the latter Is chair man. This Is deplorable. Where shall we now look for the rare virtues of moderation In speech, temperance In action, tolerance In personal conduct and prohibition of all unseemly vices and disgusting habits? In East Salem A. E. Aufrance has a vineyard and a plan for manufacturing wines, the whole being a new industry in Oregon. But, because East Salem "went dry," Mr. Aufrance must move his plant to another precinct What klndof fool law Is It that makes a mis demeanor of turning grapes into wine on other ground than produced them and would ruin a needed Industry to boot? Senator Cockrell, of Missouri, Is an excellent and worthy man; but the suggestion that the Republican major ity In the Legislature ought to elect him Is fit for the silly season. Missouri Is to have a Republican Senator. The President might, however, very prop erly make Senator Cockrell a member of the Panama Canal Commission. William R. Hearst, candidate for Representative in Congress In one of the districts of New York City, ran nearly two thousand votes ahead of Judge Parker in the district conclusive proof that the radical, and socialist Democracy in large numbers stood aloof from Parker. Evidently the builders' of Tanner Creek sewer thought the fraud so far under ground it would never see the light They could have made handsome profits by being honest. They would doubtless be honest if they -had another chance. uzzle: Can anybody find "local op tion" in the .law which Prohibitionists had enacted last June? But why should Prohls offer "local option" when it is no part of their creed? Now that Filipinos are to exhibit themselves at Lewis and Clark, 5"alrt we shall have opportunity to look be tween our fingers' and test those naughty stories. Russia is exposing a- great treasure to the mercy of Japanese gunir , mv A GREAT RULER'S REIGiN. Thomas Bablngton Macaulay. Considered as an Administrator. Fred eric had undoubtedly many titles to praise. Order was strictly maintained throughout his dominions: Property was secure. A great liberty of speaking and writing was allowed. Confident In the Irreslstlole strength derived from a great army, the King looked down on malcon tents and libellers with a wise disdain, and gave little encouragement to spies and informers. When ho was told of the dissatisfaction of one of his subjects, he merely asked, "How many thousand men can he bring into the field?" He once saw a crowd staring at something on a wall. He rode up and found that the object of curiosity was a scurrilous placard against himself. The placard had been posted up so high that It was not easy to read it. Frederic ordered his attendants to take it down and put It lower. "My people and I," he said, "have coma to an agreement which satisfies us both,! They aro to say what they please, and I am to do what I please." No per son would have dared to publish in Lon don satires on George II approaching to the atrocity of those satires on Frederic which the booksellers at Berlin sold with Impunity. Ono bookseller sent to the pal ace a copy of the moat stinging lampoon that perhaps was ever written In the world, the "Memoirs of "Voltaire." pub lished by Beaumarchals, and asked for the Majesty's orders. "Do not advertise it In aa offensive manner," said the King; "but sell It, by all means. I hope It will pay you welL" Even among statesmen accustomed tp the license of a free press such steadfastness of mind as this is not very common. It Is due also the memory of Frederic to say that he earnestly labored to se cure to his people the great blessing of cheap and speedy justice. He was one of the first rulers who abolished 'the cruel and absurd practice of torture. No sen tence of death, pronounced by the or dinary 'tribunals, was executed without his sanction; and his sanction, except in cases of murder, was rarely given. To ward his troops he acted in a very dif ferent manner. Military offenses were punished with such barbarous scourging that to be shot was considered by the Prussian soldiers as a secondary punish ment Indeed, the principle which per vaded Frederic's whole policy was this that the more severely the army Is gov erned the safer it is to treat the rest of the community with lenity. Religious persecution was unknown un der his government, unless some foolish and unjust restrictions which lay upon the Jews may be regarded as forming an exception. His policy with respect to the Catholics of Silesia presented an honor able contract to the policy which, under very similar circumstances, England long followed with respect to the Catholics of Ireland Every form of religion and ir rellgion found an asyium iu his states, The scoffer whom the Parliaments of France had sentenced to a cruel death was consoled by a commission in the Prussian service. The Jesuit who could show .his face nowhere else who In Bri tain was still subject to penal laws, who was proscribed by France, Spain, Portu gal and Naples, who had been given up ven. by the Vatican found safety and the means of subsistence in the Prussian dominions. . Most of the vices of Frederic's adminis tration resolve themselves into one vice the spirit of meddling. The indefatigable activity of his Intellect his dictatorial temper, his military habits, all inclined him to this great fault He drilled his people as he drilled his grenadiers. Cap ital and Industry were diverted from their natural direction by a crowd of pre posterous regulations. There was a mo nopoly of coffee, a monopoly of tobacco, a monopoly of refined sugar. The public money, of which the King was generally so sparing, was lavishly spent In plowing bogs. In planting mulberry tree3 amidst the sand. In bringing sheep from Spain to Improve the Saxon wool. In bestowing prizes for fino yarn, In building manu factories of porcelain, manufactories of carpets, manufactories of hardware, man ufactories of lace. Neither the experience of other rulers, nor his own, could ever teach him that something mbre than an edict and a grant of public money Is re quired to create a Lyons, a Brussels, or a Birmingham. For his commercial policy, however, there Is some excuse. He had on his side illustrious examples and popular preju dice. Grevlously as he erred, he erred in company with this age. In other depart ments his meddling was altogether with out apology. He interfered with the course of justice, as well as with the course of trade, and set up his own crude notions of equity against the law as ex pounded by the unanimous voice of the gravest magistrates.' It never occurred to him that a body of men, whose lives were passed in adjudicating on questions of civil riKht were more likelv to form I correct opinions on such questions than a Prince whose attention was 'divided between a thousand objects, and who had probably never read a lawbook through. The resistance opposed to hfrn by the tribunals inflamed him to fury. He re viled hi3 Chancellor. He kicked the shins of his Judges. He did not it is true. Intend to act unjustly. Ho firmly believed that he was doing right, and de fending the cause of the poor against the wealthy. Yet this well-meant meddling probably did far more harm than all the explosions of his. evil passions during the whole of his long reign. We could make shift to live under a debauchee or a ty rant, but to bp ruled by a busybody Is more than human nature can bear. Such was Frederic the Ruler. But there was another Frederic, the Frederic of Rhelnsburg. the fiddler and fluteplayer. the poetaster and metaphysician. Amidst the cares of state the King had retained his passion for music, for reading, for writing, for . literary society. To these, amusements ho devoted all the time he could snatch from the business of war and government; and perhaps more light is thrown on his character by what passed during his hours of relaxation than by his battles or his laws. A Clod From, the' Landslides. Philadelphia North American. "Tuum quod bonum fellx faustumque sit populo Americano" is the message the Kaiser sends to the President And we thought this mud-sllnglng was going -to stop as soon as the election was over. We'll Surely Soon Be Ready for It. Chicago Record-Herald. Once mora tho famous liberty bell is being taken back to Philadelphia, where It will remain until Portland gets ready for It The Line on the Sand. New Orleans Times-Democrat, With, anchor up, in waiting; The ships stood oil the shore; The hand of bald explorers Were faint of heart, and sore; When out stepped grim Pizarro, The great conquistador! He stepped five pace slowly, Five paces from the band; His good sword from Toledo He bore within his band. And with its point he traced them. A line upon, the sand! "Oil this side lie the danger," So epake his bearded lips, "Death, hunger, hardship, also " Wealth, fame beyond eclipse I Aad on the other comfort. And the home-returning' ships!" And certain oeea passed crrr The Use, and with him stood ' Death-seorBlnr, scarred old. fighters Otjtkekraw old Spanish blood Bat ta tie rest, disheartened, Tk sfetjs for hose seemed good!' 9 u im tie choice to Mortals', Tba Jem 9om tie wamil Oil tM ianiihip, sanir. And, liplr giorr sued; Bat few Umcm b mm avr NOTE AND COMMENT: On the Spur of the .Moment. This is how a speech at the dedication of the Frederick statue would have sound ed if any of the speakers had been called upon without warning: 'This statue of Frederick the-er-First-er-Second-er-er-the Great the great sol dier of the er-er-er century, whose won derful victories at er-er and er-er-er-wheso wonderful victories are too well known to need any remarks of mine, this statue, I say, of the great soldier who led the er-Ger-er-Pruss!an troops to victory against er-er-er, against er-er-er who led his troops to victory against the' enemy (Loud cheers) I will now conclude by saying that while heroism is admired, dot a detail of this great soldier's career will ever be forgotten by Americans." (Loud and prolonged cheering and "The "Watch on the Rhine" by the band.) Griefs of the Great. Frederick was sulking in his tent "Why so sad. Your Highness?" asked a General. ;The enemy are in full re treat" "It Just struck me." answered the grfat commander, "that I shall not be able to compose an ode for the dedication of my statue at "Washington." Ignorant that Roosevelt would be there to make a speech, Frederick resumed his air of gloom. Up Against It. A dude whose accounts -were - all dr. t Sent home a most suppliant lr.. But his pa wrote him back That he'd emptied the sack. So now he goes 'round in a swr. The Grange agin free passes for the land's sake! It's a bad thing to cultivate automobila tastes on a street-car income. Schwab is to buck the Steel Trust "Well, if that Isn't biting the hand that filled him up with pap! In the Bible we read of a sower who wen,t forth, to sow. Portland, apparent ly, has a sewer that won't sew. Russia will not permit Salvation Army officers to cross her borders. "What have the downtown residents to wake them on Snnday mornings? The whirligig of time has brought a "Morgan street" in As coll. "What a re freshing change to see a" rich man in favor again, even if it is only In a small Italian town. A model of Noah's ark has been launched at Copenhagen. The builder showed good 'sense in waiting "until the Baltic fleet had passed out Walter "Winans, In his new book on the revolver, has a chapter oh "Shooting in self defence." The gist of his advice Is to hit the other fellow before ho hits you,, which is quite a simple matter. "Why such a fuss because a deputy ad vanced, scissors in hand, towards the President of the Hungarian Chamber? He may have Just wanted to sever the thread of the President's discourse. The Legislature of South Australia has passed a bill prohibiting persons less than IS years of age from smoking slgarettes. To the, small boy of South Australia the cigarette will henceforth be doubly dear. Miss Corelli has been praising football. As she has never seen a game, she Is fully as well qualified to laud football as Re view of Review Stead, who never saw a play until a few weeks ago, Is to condemn the stage. In the report of the ceremonies at "Wash ington, when the statue of Frederick the Great was received by the. President we read: "Instead of falling to the pedestal, the flags, by an Ingenious device, were hoisted to the top of flagpoles on either side of the statue and unfurled to the breeze, amid the inspiring melody of the German hymn. The Ambasadress was gowned In gray velvet and wore a hat of chinchilla." The author of "Old Grimes" couldn't beat that We congratulate the Zemstvos on being recognized by the Czar. This marks an epoch in Russian history, and in future years the free citizens of Russia may look back upon the recognition of the Zemsa tvoa as the cardinal event In the history of his liberty. The Czar and Prince Some thing Mlrsky have done a noble deed, and " must have left several footprints in the sand3 of time. (And now will someone pleaso tell us what sort of thing a Zems tov is, anyway?) From the New York papers we learn that Nan Patterson made careful prepa ration for her trial on the charge of mur dering Caesar Young. A fashionablo dressmaker paid frequent visits to the cell, and the prisoner has received Several costumes in the very latest style, as well as a "stunning" hat to go" "with each; Her appearance was expected to surpass the standard she set herself as a picture girl in the- Florodora Sextet lt Is a pity all prisoners, at least all the women, do not or cannot follow this fashion. How its general observance would lighten the te dium of court procedure. Chicago labor circles are endeavoring to devise a name for the scrub-women's union, and are finding the task one of unusual difficulty. The name must not only be expressive, but it must be digni fied enough to please the members of the new union, who have absolutely re fused to be known as the Scrub-Women's Union. The name that appears most likely to be selected Is "Women's Office Building Cleaners Union, which Is cum brous, to say the least Also the Janitors are anxious for a name. They want to be known as caretakers, owing to the amount of Joshing that is directed at the Janitors every "Winter. "We hope the diffi culty will be overcome, and that the Dcrub-women In future will never have to bend the knee to anything but their work. Dr. "Wiley, who Is always, saying some thing, "says that adultered foods kill good morals. More and more the stomach Is being recognized as the seat of morality. If a man has indigestion, he is not ex pected tc be so "sternly virtuous as a fat, eupeptic person, whose stomach does nothing to weaken, his spirit Of course, such trifles as watering the milk or "mix ing up the sugar with sand" were never considered as Injurious to the morals of tho milkman op the grocer, but their effect? upon he -general morality wag. lit tle understood. Dr. "Wiley now makes it clear to us- that adulterated food is highly detrimental .to the morals of the con sumer, and we may expect the asxt btir glar to explain to Judge Hogae tkat he was led astray by an. excess of Jom!de hyde In his whisky asd m&k- Aasl by- A the way, we must admit that asnfosrstod whisky Is ai morality. Aad it's all adulterated. 1 WBBUrORS 20KE&