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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Oct. 16, 1904)
3 THB SUNDAY OREGOyiAN, PORTLAND, OCTOBER 16, 1904. Paris Paupers Who Really Own Vast Properties PARIS. Oct. 2 (Soecial Cammoad ence of The Sunday Oregonian. Rich in 4eed are the Paris poor They peMaaa In their own right real estate bringing In about $390,060. and stocks and bonds bringing' In $250,000 per annum; they en joy from the various sources a. clear In come of over $7,090,000; they have at their disposal hospitals, sanatoria, asv. lums, schools, lecture-rooms and private wrysialans, pensions for old am mr 111 ness or disability, and all this not, as In other ernes, to be solicited as & favor, but coming: to them as their due after the simple formality of pro ring them selves paupers. The truth in that -nn To?-!t.n rmA pauper unless he' wants to be. And the ract that from the total population of 2,714,063- inhabitants. 600.000. or nearly one- fifth,, are largely dependent upon the gen eral revenues and Institutions of the Administration for the Poor, would seem sufficient evidence that whatever the num ber of beggars one may meet la the streets, few really Teauire helo. While the Paris poor came by their wealth honestly through donations, lega des and state and city subventions, the care of the vast property thus repre sented could naturally not be left to the poor collectively or to any Individuals among- them. So an organization known as the Assistance Publlque, with officers ap pointed rjy tne government, to look after the saucers' wealth and invest It anri distribute its revenues In the fairest pos sible way, was devised. That was nearly a century and a quarter ago, and through subsequent revolutions, republics and monarchies, it has continued to the pres ent day with few modifications in its line of conduct, save that the sums to be handled have quadrupled In recent years. "Under the Revolution, in 1733, a law made it obligatory for the poor to receive each his share of the general Income. But the directorate decided that forcing money upon people was a little too radical, and the rule was established, still in .force, that the money and privileges belonged to the poor, but they must apply for it and prove their property. Vast Estate of the "Poor." The real estate owned by the Paris poor and controlled for them by the As sistance Publique represents an area of nearly 3.000,000 square feet. Thirty years ago the area was almost double this fig ure, but in view of the increased land values the administration Judiciously sold here and there, and invested the proceeds otherwise. The property Includes 77 large houses In Paris and numerous farms In tne suDurog. as well as 346 gardens and grounds In Parjs. The houses are rented for $200,000 as schools, factories or apart ments, whereas the grounds are leased at $82,000 for all possible purposes. By the ingenious leasing bf privileges such as passage allowed through certain grounds, windows allowed In the walls of adjacent houses, etc, an additional $500 a year is netted. Ingenlousness in gathering money In order that more may be spent is a nota ble trait of the Assistance Publlque Ad ministration. The hospitals, asylums, home-schools, and other establishments run for the benefit of the poor, from their own funds, necessitates numerous Incidental expenses, such as printing, Bewlng. the manufacture of shoes -and brushes, market gardening and produce. The Assistance Publlque found that it cost practically no more to slightly in crease the output, and by selling the sur plus $90,000 per year Is now realized. Even the leavings of bones, grease, peelings and bread from the various establish- SEeOWD LESSON IN MANUAL TRAINING By James Rltchey. lmtructor in woodworking and In pattern-making. Armour InaUtute of Technology. Chicago. Copyright, 1504, by Jo seph B. Bowles. ty VERT important part in the outfit jk necessary for a successful start in woodworking. Is a dry and well-lighted room. If possible to do otherwise, do. not crowd the worker and his work into a damp basemept where his tools will rust and where his boards will be come so damp as to make It impossible to do work -which will not warp and shrink open at the Joints. The workroom should not only be lighted and dry, but It should be heated so as to be comfortable In all kinds of weather. This Is a necessity when glue Is to be used, as glue will not hold, nor can close joints be made if the air nf thtk rnnm I. i j The same is also true as regards the j varnishing and finishing of mrrt tu. uuies waen maae. Staining, filling, shellacing or wax ing, require a room of more than mod erate temperature; almost warm and also tree from dust. Among the first and most important appliances of the workroom is a con venient and substantial workbench. A cheap substitute Is sometimes provided in the form of a large kitchen table, to the top of which is added a stiff plank about 14 Inches wide and one and three-fourths Inches in thickness, so that it will stand the hard usage to which it may be subjected, and we have seen a large dry goods box used tem porarily in the same way for this pur pose. Another substitute is to make up a. rough workbench, such as Is shown In Tig. 6 A. There Is no framing to this bench. It being simply nailed together as shown In the illustration, and having a wood en vise and an adjustable bench stop, as well beexplained further on. Th?.trouble wIth a11 arrangements of this kind Is that the beginner, because of Inexperience, cannot build a bench unaided, and if a carpenter is called upon to do the work, his labor, to gether with the cost of material, will be almost, if not quite, equal to that of the youth's bench, shown in Fig. 7 This bench is low in price and is to be found in nearly all large hardware stores where manual training outfits are kept for sale. It Is furnished not only -with the usual vise In front, but also with the tail vise shown .at the right hand end. which is of the greatest importance for gripping and holding the pieces of wood -while being planed and worked on the bench. This small bench mav Via crntw. im proved by replacing the wooden vise in front with a modern qulck-actinsr iron vise such as is shown on the larger ucuca ja ig. 6. These vises are not only quick-acting but are always parallol in every posi tion a very important requisite for holding the work firmly and prevent ing it from slipping .-while being worked. Such a change will add to the cost of the bench, but will also add greatly to its usefulness and conveni ence. A great objection to the small school benches described above is their size. They are seldom made more than 48 Inches or 50 inches in length, which does not give room for working- long material, and affords no space or jot ting and planlng.tho work -while being constructed, and is also too crowded for advantageous use of the tools. For very small work, "however, this bench has Its advantages, in ocounying small ments are preserved And sold, netting tu.ooo annually. There is ni1 for- pvpr, nonv rt Vit money, the expenses attendant on the cuuuorc oi tne poor Demg enormous. To begin with, there are 32 hospitals in Paris and 28 asylums, some in the capital and others rest resorts at the seaside or in the mountains, which must be seen to. Then there are pharmacies, butcher shops, laundries, supply stores for the ppor. Over $3000 is Bpent each year on the care and extension of museums to Instruct the poor, $2000 on books for them, and $2000 in giving them postage stamps to communi cate with their relatives. No less than $1S6,000 is devoted exclusively each year to helping poverty-stricken mothers who mlghtrbe tempted to abandon their young children from Inability to feed them. All septuagenarians have the right to a min imum pension of $2 per month, and no questions asked. Others old or weak or poorly paid, whatever their employment, draw monthly pensions of from $1 to $4 per month. If thev fall in thv v.o,.a their physician at their call; if the case Is pcnoua, tney nave nospitais and sanatoria worgroomano. its Appliances Substitutes for the space and ingoing light and easily moved, but if used it should be'supple rnented by a cheap, plain table on which to lay tools, assemble the work under construction and for other help ful and practical uses. If the workroom is large and the ad ditional cost can be borne, we would recommend the regular "cabinet-maker's" workbench, shown in Fig S. These benches are made from . six feet to six and one-half feet in length, and furnished at a very low price with two. wooden vises, such as are shown on the small bench In Fig. 7, or they may be bought with a quick-acting iron vise in front, and with the modern and greatly improved tail vise, as shown in the Illustration (Fig. 8.) In constructing the home-made bench, illustrated in Fig. C A. lumber from the planing mill dressed (planed) on two sides should be used; and for those desiring to build such a work bench for their own use -the following ,nstrucUns und helpful ana dimensions win be The four leers shnnlrt ha 3ft tnnViot, n incnes iong, 3ii inches wide and 11 incnes in thickness. Through one of these legs, at a distance of eight inches rrom the lower end cut a mortise (as ouown at a m figures 9 and 10 1 2U Inches long and inch wide to guide the slide piece of the lower end of the vise. Next cut off two "4-inch end rails. 26 Inches long and 10 Inches wide, and carefully nail a rail firmly to the upper ends of each pair of legs nailing meise ena raits to tne edges of the legs, as shown at 33 In Fig. 9, and using 2 Cl inch -wire nails. The front and back DoaraH are now cut from a board 14 inches In thickness, iid must be 5 feet iu incnes long and 12 Inches -wide. At a distance of eight inches from each end of these boards, nail them firmly to the front and back of the leg frames, nailing not only into the legs, but also Into the ends of the end rails. tnus moro firmly binding all the parts and adding materially to the strength and firmness of the bench frame. The front board should be kept Just even M-nn me top enas or the legs, but the back board must be nailed on with Its upper edge projecting Ji-lnch above the legs, as shown In the completed frame in Flcr. 10. Th will be -seen later. The front piece for ine iop oi tne tench should ne 6 feet long, and, if possible, not le6s than 14 jucucs wme ana i inches in thick net's. The best wpod for this top Is hard (Southern) pine, which is much firmer and less liable) to warp than the other cucap wooas. -xne pianic must be thor oughly seasoned, and should be fast ened to the frame with 3-inh vn 16 wood screws, counter sunk Into the iujj so as io pe Deiow the top surface of the bench. To get the position -for the screws, lay the plank in position on ucnen irama .iris, lu) and from be neath carefully mark with a lead pen cil along on both sides of the end rails and legs, and also along tho Inside of the front board of the frame, thus giv ing the position of the bench frame on the lower side of the top plank. Space for four screws into each end rail, and four Into the edge of the front board 12 screws in all. "With the boring brace and 'a 5-16-inch auger bit, bore tho screw holes through and through the Tlank. Now turn the plank over and on Its upper side, ream out tho holes with the brace and a rose counter sink bit to such a depth that the screw heads will be at least one-eighth Inch below the surface. Replace- the board carefully in position on the frame, and with a scratch awl or other pointed tool (a common lead pencil will do If pointed centrally) mark through tho holes in the, plank, so as to give tne position of ach screw on the edges of the bench"! at their disposal. Fifty thousand Paris ians depend absolutely for their Income upon this system, 103,000 are more than half dependent upqn it. Six thousand children are supported, housed, fed and educated: 20,000 are kept under surveillance and furnished with means while left with relatives or friends. Fortune Left to Buy Sugar-Plums. Although the assistance publique has, generally speaking, a free hand in man aging the rich estate of the Paris poor, some testators have specified precisely what use is to be made of their money, while others have Imposed conditions', failing the fulfillment of which the sum would be forfeited. Hospital beds and scholarships are the uses most frequently ordered. But others are of more unex pected natures. One worthy woman who died an old maid, left an income of $40 to be given each year as a doTrry -to some deserving girl. Number have since fol lowed this example, leaving sums vary ing between $40 and $200 tn ho rvn dowries for marriage or learning trades. a n;iuimeniai wmow bequeathed $134 per Regular Bench, frame boards. Remove the plank and with a 3-1-6-inch bit and braco bore holes in the bench frame where indi cated by the marking, of sufficient depth to receive tn0 full length .of the Bcrews. The top plank is now ready to-be screwed down, for which purpose the brace and brace screwdriver bit are the best. By proceeding In this careful and, me chanical manner the woodscrews cut thfclr screw thread In the bench framo only, all splintering and tearing of the wood is avoided and a stronger and firmer connection obtained. It will help greatly when using these large screws to first rub the screw thread part of the screws on a piece of beeswax, such as is used for laundry purposes. Music That Draws Everybody. , That the music called classical often palls, while the old familiar melodies never lose their power to charm, was demonstrated recently in front of the Metropolitan Opera-House, says the. New xorx -tress, xne orchestra rehearsal room Is at the Thlrty-nlnth-street corner of the Broadway front, and from Its opened windows came the sounds of snatches of harmonies that never once tobk the form of what might be caljed a r- ' , 1 J I " e V ii -A- 2 - - - - v. : ...... . Xiv-i- V- j i 3i N - - - -- . - - - . ' ' " - - . ' v - - " ' " "T ' "-''"J - " " '"' ' '-'J " ' "Jl'-'M.' m.lK year to be spent in buying sugar-plums for the poor. More practical, a man named Moreau left $16 per year for buy ing flannel shirts. Another man whose name. Thlbaud de "Waxhcim, proclaims him a foreigner to France and suggests perhaps a sad life of adventure before he died in Paris, bequeathed all he had, rep resenting an Income of JKS0, to be given each year to a boy orphan. The records of bequests made to the poor give a singular insight into human nature. Piety and remorse seem to have Inspired most of the legacies; vengeance against a disliked relative prompted others, while sheer captiousncss seems to have governed many. Hundreds of testa tors, leaving their fortunes to the poor, ucye Mttra oniy mat an annual mass be mid for their souls, and th nasUtnnpn tUne. The rehpnrtnl uront fnn nn but none of the passersby stopped for a miuujuu L IU us tea. Suddenly the orchestra struck into "Auld Lang Syne" and Broadway came to a halt. As long as the well-known air lasted so Iong did everyone pause to listen, until there were a couple of hun dred persons standing on the opposite side of the street, gazing up at the tall windows out of which the music was com ing. It came to an end. with a fortis simo flourish, the classical music was re sumed, and then the crowd moved on. "There," said a man who had been look ing on. "you havo an illustration of the principle that the appeal to the heart, whether It be in music, literature or any of tho other arts. Is always much more the surer than the appeal to the heads." Had No Influence. During a municipal election held la Fifeshire a young woman who was canvassing on behalf- of one of the can didates, called at a worklngman's house, the door of which was opened by tho good wife. "I have called to solicit your vote on behalf of Mr. ," said the young woman. "But It's not me has got the vote, it's ma man," replied the woman. "Yes," said the young woman, "but you can Influence him." "Me influence him," said the good wife. T hae nao influence wi" him. Only this morning I ask it him to wash the floor before ho went out and he would i na do it." publlque, faithfully observing this part of its trust, keeps several churches- busy In this way. One benefactor asked that his family tomb be torn down and re placed by another of more graceful model,"" a sketch of which was appended to the will, with a request thaflt be executed in granite. - General Fabvler, a hero of the Napoleonic wars, made the Paris poor his residuary legatees on the condition that the following epitaph be placed as an eternal reproach on his tomb: "To the unhapplest of mothers." One testator founded three perpetual hospital beds on condition that at the head of each should stand statues of four salnts-Damien. Cosmo. Martin left enough money for three scholarships wiu uie Eupmauon tnat each new bene- ucmry snoum, as Boon as chosen, sing the THE LAMENT vmpansons HThe coasters haven't been doing well this year, for lumber freights have ruled low all the season, and there has been little coal to carry, while sailors have been hard to get, even at high wages, and the cost of everything used on board a vessel has been towering toward the sky. All this served as a text for Captain Jo slah Bonsey when, at a session of old timers In a shlpbroker's office the other day, he whittled carefully away at a shingle, and recalled the palmy days that were before railroads and trusts and things had worked the ruination of busi ness, writes a Bangor, Me., correspondent of the New York Pres3. "Time was," said Captain Bonsey, "time was when a man could make a Uvln goin to sea, but he can't do it no more. Gotter git Inter somethln' else or starve. Here I've got the Harvest Queen loaded decks to with lumber for Boston at $2 a thou sand an I'd like to have some one show how Tm a-comln out even, ril lose mon ey on the trip, that's what Til do, an any man o' senso knows It. "When the brig was new I got $5 a thou san on lumber to New York, an' $3 a ton on coal back. You could get good men In them days for $18 a month, an' the best All Income of Over Seven Comes to Them in the De Profundis In memory of him. The Baroness do Montaigne willed that each year 12 children should be taught a trade from the interests on her estates, the children being chosen by drawing lots on which was written "God has been gracious to me." Whims of Other Donors. One of the principal benefactors, named Boulard, left his great fortune on the sole understanding that those benefiting By his charity should celebrate his birth day each year by eatlnsr fricasso. ohioir. en. Thanks to another by the Assistance Publlque. an author no umerwiso would or perhaps should OF A DOWN-EAST SKIPPED between tne uid and the New, With a Surprising Twist. barl o Hour in Bangor for $4, n other things 'cording. Wan't hardly any tug boats then, but wo managed to get 'round Jest the same. Riggin' was cheap then, an you could get a new suit o sails for Jest half what you can now, an taxes wan't a sarcumstance to what "we pay now. Made a trip f m Bangor out to Port Spain an got $12 a thousan' on pine lum ber, loaded an' discharged, tux' $2500 lump on sugar back to New York. 'Sides that, we picked up a Dago that'd'lost his sticka an got $3000 salvage. Couldn't do that now. ".Look -at the vesslls that used to load deals here to Bangor for Liverpool! Where be they now hey? Then there was the Jieatranean shook trade! Where's the 'Merican vessils that uArt tn v i tut? Gone, sir gone! Now the deals is carried m -Driusn steamers an' the sailln vessll gets no show, an' the 'Merican vesslls has been druv out of the shook trade by Da goes. "Ain't no West Injy business now, nuth er. Time was when there wa3 plenty o brigs an tops'l schooners a-Ioadln' here to Bangor all tho season, but yo'u don't see none now. " 'N look at the cost o livin' now Why, everything a man buys these times is poor quality an' 'way up in price. Buy a suit o' close now 'n they wear right out. Same way with boots. When I used to bring home a piece o' clgth f m t'other aide I could get it made tin for hair mvt i now, an' it wore Ilka Iron. Got a coat to home now that the cloth only cost 30 shil lings in Liverpool an' the makin of it $6 here, 'n I like to see you match it uo town here" today for less'n $40. They don't have-f u ouai cioui now ail shoddy. Got a silk dress pattern for my wife f'm a Spanish smuggler down to St. Jago paid him $8 In 'Merican gold an' a gallon o" New Eng land rum for It My wife she got it made up for $4, an' It was a beauty, an' she's got it yet, an It's as good as ever. Cost my darter $33 t'other day for one that can't hold a candle to It "Can't get no terbacker nowadays like we used to. All sticks an' artificial fla vorin'lan' don't taste like terbacker 't all. Can't get a cigar now3 good for anythln less'n 20 cents, an' I've brought cartloads of 'em ome f m Cubv that a cent apiece that'd do von eoofl inat smell of 'em. ' N look at tha HcItpt- Plaen. every droo of it. man o my age can 'member when you could go into any ship chandlery an get a drink o the best rum for 2 re-nta on lt'B 10 cents for fusel lie an! alkyhol. Why, BABY'S VOICE t "-A T l-lXX SUE feel the exquisite thrill of motherhood with indescribable dread and fear. Every woman should know that the danger, pain and horror of child-birth can be entirely avoided by the use of Mother's Friend, o i e . i T , . . . . . . '"" iiiiuicxit uji. cjticxaai use nliaVila oil fU J MO assists nature in its sublime work. By its aid thousands of women have passed this rreat crisis in perfect safety and without pain. Sold at $i.oo per bottle by druggists. Our book of priceless value all wossea sent free. Adar- Million Dollars 'a Year Which Way of Donations. never have been known to "the world came to light, "I beg." wrote Miss Zeno bla Bousquet, in her last will, "that tho executors who settle my estate In favor of the poor shall have papa'a works print- th,? SUre ey deservo - When tho printing was done, papa was no near er to fame than he had been, bat the .farls poor were richer by $12,000 Family quarrels are responsible for many large bequests. General de Feu eheres left to the Paris poor $2,400,000 the totality of his wife's dowry. He had thought he was marrying a royal Princess and found out too late that he had been royally duped, and In his indignation he refused to see her again or touch Iter money. A vitriolic old maid named Bo nalme penned her will as follows: "I wish that after my death all that I own ehall bo sold for the poor. My famlly haa no claim on me and can raise no objections. They have shown me only envy and Jealousy. It Is with a sense of Utmost JTratlfleatlnn thaf T 1. ... -r "have to people who have done me neither Some seek atonement. One suicide t?7f 1 have reelved to leave this world. It is because extreme weakness no longer allows me to bear bravely the load of my slow and painful existence. My remorse at committing an act contrary to religious law leads ma to hope that God will forgive me." General de Laumlere, killed before Pueb ia, in the Mexican war. was pursued by compunctlon for having left a tailor's bill unpaid. "I bee mv i to seek in Paris one Jaquet, who was m ooi. i. minK x must owe him fa,S; -If he or hIs he!ra e found. 100 francs are to be given them. Otherwise 2000 shall go to the Paris poor." The Count de Chateaugiron wrote on similar lines: "I bequeath to the Paris poor oQO francs, too slight reparation for tne narm I have wrought to creditors of my youth, whom I cannot find." Reclassification Wanted. Some slight dissatisfaction is expressed on the part of the poor as to the man agement of their property, and a project la now on foot in virtue of which the method of distributing money may be somewhat modified. The minimum in come allowed is, Indeed, only 2 cents a day, given to those who have other means. This sum, it Is said, is too In significant to be of any utility, and yet it is distributed so. generally as to rep resent at the end of each year a vast amount which might have been of real value to a more restricted number. It is, therefore, proposed to divide the poor Into four classes: the first, those Incap able of work and without any resources, numbering 6000. to receive $6 per month; tne second, those able to work only a little or having a very modest Income numbering $000, to receive $4 per month; the third, those having employment or an income Just sufficient to keep them alive numbering 26.000, to receive $3 per month' and the fourth, 12,500, including widows! divorcees and women abandoned by their husbands, from $1 to $2 per month, ac cording to the circumstances. These classes represent, of course, only those who depend entirely or largely upon the public funds, and would not cause preju dice to the other branches of the admin istration. Only one trouble, however, lies in the way. and that is that tn rt !. form, which the poor demand for their own property, more money than now ex ists would be required. Nearly $1,000,000 In addition would be needed each year; and the Assistance Publlque Is waiting for some mors 1esra.dta tn snma n approving tho plan. (Copyright, 1504.) you could go Into Uncle Glbb's, over hire to the ferryhouse, an' find a barl o' the best rum there, with a tin dipper slung to it, an help yourself an' pay 3 cents an go out, 'thout any one measurin' of it out to you nor none o' them white-Jacketed monkeys o' bartenders like they have now to bother you. LIcker was licker In them days, but now It's not fit, the best of It, to put Into a man's stummick." Captain Bonsey paused and gazed around for approval. A few nodded a sort of helpless assent, and the others gazed at i,11"6 o seven-master on the wall The old-timer, finding none to dis pute him. went out on the sidewalk, where he met an acquaintance. A few minutes axierward the two were leaning over Mc Cabes bar,, and Captain Bonsey had a swimming glass of whisky in his fist Hav ing gulped it down, he declared that it was good stuff. "Where's that boy of yours?" asked the man who was doing the treating. "I hear he's doing well." "Eh? Oh, yes, he's doin' well-doin' great Got a letter fm him last week. He sent home for a suit o' close. Says they're better cheaper'n Bangor than they are in Frisco or Hong Kong. Ed, he's work in for some kind of a ship combine. Used to be mate, now he's master of a big steamer. Never got more'n $30 a month on tins coast, but now he gets $200. Runnln' out to the Phll'pines. Smart boy, Ed. He's one o' them 'spansionists. What's that anyway? Must be somethln's all right for I never knew Ed to be wrong on any thin . The Absence of Jen: a Blllvllle Lyric. Atlanta. nnniti,.nn rm Jest so lonesome that 1 dunno what to Lonesome as a daisy that's a-wishin' fer the flew; I'm bluer In my feella'a than the violet so Jen's gone witii Jonhny to the hangin'! Ehe dressed up In her callker red ribbons en her hat; He bought her lots o' candy, chewia gum an" likes o' that: An' I'm ieat - ,. met x uunno whar I'm. at Jen's gone with Johnny to the hangin'! Oh, this here love Is palnfuller than upllttln' rails In Spring.. When the river's rleht birds let out an lnr- ' Fer Jen she's got my true love, an' what' more, sne'B got my ring, AnVJ?n'8 Kona wlth Johnny to the hang In I Is the joj of the household, for without it no happiness can he complete. How sweet the picture of mother and bahe, angels smile at and commend the thoughts and aspirations of the mother bending over the cradle. The ordeal through which the expectant mother must pass, how ever, is so full of danger and suffering that she looVs forward fo .T, i, .un oniy, wnica toughens and renders THER'S FRIEND