J
THE SUITOAY OREGONIAy, PORTLAND, SEPTEMBER 4, 1901.
Oregon's' Activity and Beauty as Noticed by Great Chicago Newspaper
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The following articles In praise of
Oregon were published on successive
days the last week in August on the
editorial page of the Chicago Jtecord
Herald. They were written and signed
by S. Glen Andrus, the railroadeditor
of the paper. s When it is considered
that the Record-Herald has a circula
tion of 145,000 and Is widely read
throughout sir states in the Missis
sippi Valley, the value to this state
of these articles mar be appreciated.
66 C nce Columbians scenes, then
roam no more. No more remains
' on earth for mortal eyes."
When Joaquin Miller wrote these words
he paid a Just tribute to the esthetic side
of the second greatest river in the land.
Besides its matchless beauty and its in
comparable grandeur, however, the Co
lumbia has its commercial slde which is
rapidly forging' to the front. In fact, the
mighty Columbia is playing a fast-increasing
part in the development of the
Pacific Northwest- It has already becom
a political issue, and upon the question
of an "open "or "closed" river candidates
are being elected and defeated for Con
gress, v
The Oregon country may now be said to
be committed to the policy of an open
river, which means that the Columbia
shall be made a navigable stream from
the Pacific Ocean to the borders of the
Northwest provinces. "Until recent years
strenuous opposition was made to this
policy, but now the acts of State legis
lature and of Congress have made it cer
tain that the Columbia will eventually be
come one of the greatest of navigablo
streams. Strangely enough, the railroads
of the Northwest, led by the management
of the Harrlman system, have ceased all
opposition to this threatened cbmpetltlon
of a great river which traverses hundreds
of miles of the most fertile country in the
-western continent. They have done this
because of foresight and wisdom, which
have apparently bitherto been foreign to
the managements of the big railway sys
tems, and realize now that in an open
river lies the speedy salvation of the
Northwest, while the salvation of the
Northwest means also a tremendously in
creased tonnage for the railroads.
In this broader view of social economy
the railroad managements believe that
anything which lends toward the develop
ment of a country is bound to be bene
ficial to the railways. Thus it is that the
Columbia River will undoubtedly go hand
In hand with the railroads in the work of
settling the grand domain in the far
Northwest.
In determining the importance of the
-Columbia River to the future of Oregon.
Washington and Idaho, it Is to be remem
bered that Its waters drain, together with
its tr4butaries, a territory containing 245,
000 square miles, 1S2.000 miles of which
lie east of the Cascade Mountains. "This
latter area is about equal to the combined
areas of all the New England states and
New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey and
Maryland. Having its source in the glacier-fed
torrents of the British possessions,
the Columbia winds its course through the
inland empire, with its great annual
OKEGON A T T H E F A I K
What Good Arc Wc to Get Out of the Lewis and Clark Centennial? 1
1-HERE uxe not a few signs that the
Fair is being relegated to a place
far to the rear among the interests
of the people of the state at large, and
of Portland, too. If the Exposition were
an annual, instead of a centennial occa
sion for Oregon; If it were to be an affair
among ourselves and for Oregonians
only, instead of being National and even
international in its scope, planned to
bring participants and visitors from all
over our own country and from different
parts of the world; and, further, if the
Oregon people were to be out only a few
thousand for it. Instead of several mill
ions before it is over with; if, in a word,
the Fair were to be a recurring, local, In
expensive project, the Oregon people
could possibly afford to go on unheedlngly
In the even tenor of their ways. The Expo
sition, however. Is a centennial, interna
tional and, initially even, a million-dollar
enterprise. If popular Interest in an un
dertaking of such a character seems to
flag it would not be treating the Oregon
taxpaying public fairly to give It merely
blind admonition to bestir itself and to
carp at its indifference. The matter is
fraught with too .momentous conse
quences possibly of glory, but if the con
ditions of success are not fulfilled cer
tainly of humiliation and disaster.
Sponsorship for an international expo
sition is a unique and an almost over
whelmingly stupendous role for a half
million people Just emerging from pioneer
conditions. Yet the die Is cast. Prepara
tions for the externals of an exposition are
far along toward completion. The date of
opening is but little "more than nine
months away. If at this stage, then, and
confronted by such an undertaking, the
Oregon people are not awake to a realiz
ing sense of the part that devolves upon
them, is it not high time that some con
cern should be expressed lest the fair
fame of Oregon suffer through a lack of
appreciation of what is at the same time
a duty and a glorious opportunity? The
Exposition project was inaugurated in an
exultant mood. Every consideration de
mands that thasame high spirit should
be ascendant up to the closing day, Octo
ber 15, 1905.
The centennial is Oregon's double jubi
lee. It comes in the heyday of our com
monwealth development. The Fair is the
outcome of buoyant resolves. It rests on
the best historical baxis, and will have
not a little to do in the making or mar
ring of Oregon's future.
The Exposition authorities the cor
poration and the State Commission have
taken the people of Portland and Oregon
at their word as expressed In their stock
subscriptions and in the state appropria
tion of half a million. Invitations are out
to all of our sister states and to foreign
nations in behalf of. if not in the name
of. the people of Oregon. Congress, In the
form of its action in making the National
appropriation, recognized the Exposition
as a strictly Oregon affair- in origin and
promotion.
Does it not, then, behoove the Oreg6n
people to prepare to display themselves
and deport themselves at their best? If
they have any royal robes and, can Im
provise any royal establishments and as
sume royal manners, the Lewis and
Clark Centennial is an occasion that not
only becomes all these, but it demands
them all.
For some two years Oregon has been
pluming herself before the world as pre
paring to hold an "Atlantic-Pacific Expo
sition and Oriental Fair," or, as it is
sometimes designated a "Western
World's Fair." In a "sublime audacity"
of faith in herself, she proposes to verify
her motto. Alls volat propriis fly with
her own wings. But with the present
rate of preparation and with present
plans will she be in flying trim next
June? Will she keep herself safely aloft
and sail proudly through the firmament
during those four and a half Exposition
months? Will she fly at all?
Japan is carryirtg on -her glorious cam--
wheat crop of between 50,000,000 and 70,
000.000 bushels, and finally carries at its
mouth more water to the sea than does
the Mississippi after the influx or the
Ohio.
At present the Columbia Is navigable
from the ocean to The Dalles, SS miles
cast of Portland and about 200 miles from
the Pacific The commerce of the river
east of Portland Is comparatively small.
This, however, will jiot remain the fact
for very long, for it is now purposed to
practically open the river to navigation
for an additional 300 miles by the con
struction of canal and lock at a cost of
fully 510,000.000. When this undertaking
shall have been accomplished, the Colum
bia, with very little additional work, will
be open from the ocean to the confluence
with the Snake River. Several years ago
the State of Oregon appropriated $160,000
and placed It in the hands of the State
Land Board to construct an eight-mile
portage around Celllo falls and rapids,
which are a few miles above The Dalles.
Pending the securing of the right of way.
Congress made an appropriation for the
construction of a canal and locks at this
point, provided the State of Oregon should
furnish the right of way. Thereupon the
state made an extra- appropriation of
$100,000 to defray the expenses of obtain
ing the right of way. This labor bas
practically been completed, and the canal,
which will be five miles long, will be
built by Government funds.
The work will be undertaken with a
view to overcoming a fall of about 55 feet.
Already the United States Government
has expended over 53,500,000 In providing
locks at the Cascades, 45 miles east of
Portland. The work at that point is said
to be of the finest, and It overcomes a fall
of 32 feet, which the river makes In 4
miles. The locks provide a lift of eight
feet, and In addition the Government was
compelled to spend a large sum in blast
ing a channel out of the solid rock. Just
below the locks are the Cascade Rapids,
which for nearly five miles have a current
of 14 miles an hour.
There Is no river on the continent which
has the tonnage possibilities of an open
Columbia. For more than 200 miles It fur
nlshes the boundary line between Wash
ington and Oregon, whose possible re
sources of farm, mine and forest are al
most inconceivable In their Immensity.
Throughout hundreds of miles of Its
course are arid and semi-arid lands, which
are capable of irrigation and which, un
der irrigation, will add untold millions
to the annual productive wealth of the
Pacific Northwest. The export value of
the canned products of the Columbia alone
amounts to over $3,000,000 annually. This
comes from a great and growing salmon
industry which has no parallel. This in
dustry, unique in character, gives em
ployment to thousands and wealth to
many.
The foreign commerce of the Columbia
now averages about 512,000,000 annually.
From 1899 to 1903 the Imports of the river
Increased from 51,503,255 to 52,774,751, while
the exports increased from 5S.S9C.924 to
510,820,844. Substantially all of the im
ports are used In Oregon, and all of the
exports, barring small quantities of to
bacco and cotton, are grown In the ter
ritory tributary to the Columbia. Today
Oregon's commerce, most of) which goes
up and down the Columbia between Port
land and the ocean, is worldwide, nearly
54,500,000 having gone to Europe during
1903, over $3,500,000 to Asia and Oceanica
and over $2,000,000 to Africa. During 1903
the exports of flour from Portland and
palgns and winning her victories "by pre
arrangement." Oregon will come out of
her Exposition venti. with flying colors
only through conducting it "by prear
rangement." She will find herself on the
1st of June, 1905, on a very high and dizzy
ing perch. She will be expected, as per
announcement, to fly, and to maintain a
flight of four months and a half. The
very audacity of what Oregon proposes
to do arrests the attention of the world.
It is too late now to think of renounclngl
the publicity In store for her. It Is up to
her to carry out a "Western World's
Fair" programme.
The State Commission has only about
$50,000 with, which to represent the essen
tial life and spirit of Oregon in the Ex
position, except as the architecture of
the building and grounds do so. There is
no virtue In a paltry 550,000 that will suf
fice to carry Oregon proudly through her
role in the Lewis and Clark Fair. She
will of necessity suffer a "Darius Green"
experience, if that plan is adhered to.
The Missouri State Commission has a
round million at St. Louis, and Missouri
is not the- head and front of the Louisiana
Purchase Exposition as Oregon is of the
Lewis and Clark. But no State Commis
sion, even if it had a million dollars In
hand, could alone make Oregon acquit
herself with credit at the coming Exposi
tion. Such a fund might enable It to buy
up exhibits and pile them mountain-high,
and still leave the Exposition essentially
a failure as to its hoped-for effect on
the visitor and In its influence upon the
Oregon people themselves. "Dead ex
hibits" alone cannot make a modern ex
position for a civilized and cultured peo
ple. And surely the Oregon people would
be grieved if their Exposition and they
as a people were not so characterized. It
would be not merely a temporary hurt
to our feelings, but a lasting calamity to
the state. In spite of everything they
can do, the Exposition will serve mainly
to exhibit the Oregon people to them
selves and to the world. It means glory
or It means ignominy.
The very fact that Oregon had the
temerity to undertake such an Exposition
and has representatives able to plan It so
as to elicit such favorable responses from
the governments of other states, from the
National Government and from foreign
nations. Is prima facie evidence that it
is in Oregon to carry the Fair through
creditably. With this great development
enterprise on hand, there was an enthu
siastic organization of another a few
weeks ago in the form of a "State De
velopment League." There is spirit In
Oregon willing and strong enough to car
ry any state project through. But It is
clearly and fully discerned that Oregon
has a great venture on in which almost
everything is at stake? To win, and win
gfandly, every Individual, organization
and community must "get Into the game."
The substance radium Is worth several
million dollars an ounce, simply because
it is its nature to radiate in all. direc
tions three or four different forms of pen
etrative, active and wonder-working
forces. Why should not every Oregon cit
izen, organization and community be a
radioactive center, weighing 16 ounces to
the pound, and developing spirit, plans,
exhibits and activities for the Fair?
Let me repeat this Is Oregon's heyday.
Development thrills in our every nerve.
The Exposition celebrates our best anni
versary and lends itself admirably to the
expression and promotion of the highest
elements of our commonwealth life. To
allow the material phases of life, sole rep
resentation necessary and fundamental as
they are, would bo to desecrate the occa
sion and throw away a golden opportu
nity. Mark what the director of exhibits
said of the Louisiana Purchase Exposi
tion: "Education Is the keynote of the
universal exposition in 1904v" Shall Ore
gon's 'Western World's Fair" be pitched
on a lower key? Expositions of the class
In which ours ranks are things of a dif
ferent color from carnivals, or even from
state agricultural fairs. Our Exposition
will be Interpreted as the exponent, or. If
you will, as the blossoming of the high
est genius of Oregon and the Pacific
Northwest. Through It Oregon will crown
herself, or she will brand herself. Expo
Puget Sound to the Orient amounted to
2,650.000 barrels, and the exports of lum
ber to 115,000,000 feet. T-
The increase in the commerce of the
lower Columbia Is shown by the follow
ing statement of the average cargo tons
of the five largest vessels clearing from
Portland during various periods. IS73,
1518 tons; 1878, 2312 tons; 18S8, 3383 tons;
1833, 3818 tons; 1S9S, 5658 tons, and 1903,
7310 tons. In 1S53 the barkentine Jane A.
Falkenberg, drawing 17 feet of water,
arrived with 530 tons of cargo, and her
advent was heralded far and wide as a
great event for the Columbia. In 1903 the
Algoa, the largest vessel that ever cleared
from the harbor, left Portland loaded
with 9276 tons burden. Included In which
were 85.276 barrels of flour, the largest
cargo, of flour by 17,000 barrels ever float
ed. River improvement is now being carried
on with a view to providing the Columbia
with a 40-foot channel at Its mouth and
a 30-foot channel between Portland and
the historic Astoria. The United States
Government is doing a great work In con
structing jetties at the river's mouth and
In deepening the channel by means of a
sea dredge. The people of the Oregon
country are thoroughly alive,, to the op
portunity presented by the Columbia, the
only river. which has daringly forced its
way completely through a forbidding
mountain range, and they are determined
that it shall do for them what the Father
of Waters has done for the Middle West.
Beauties of the Columbia.
If the Columbia River were nearer the
center of population It would undoubtedly
become the annual Mecca of a countless
horde of tourists, and its banks for more
than 100 miles would be dotted with the
homes of pleasure-seeking millionaires
and. with fashionable resorts.
Cradled, as its most picturesque portion
is, among the grandest mountains of the
Pacific Northwest, tucked away in a lit
tle corner of a world of magnificent dis
tances, the Columbia, like the Yellowstone
National Park, is neglected by all but a
very few Americans. Ever since Captain
Robert Gray, standing on the deck of
his brig Columbia on a beautiful May
morning In 1792, discovered a great stream
pouring more than 1,500,000 cubic feet of
water per second into the Pacific, the
praises of the Columbia have been sung
by poet and depicted" by artist. Famous
in many worlds for its matchless scenery,
it has been somewhat neglected at hdme.
An adequate description of the beauties
of the Columbia from. Celllo Falls to the
City of Portland Is impossible, lor lan
guage cannot reproduce the pictures
there painted by the hand of nature. This
highway of nature, which has seared
its way completely through an apparent
ly Impassable mountain range; greater
at Its mouth than the Mississippi or the
St. Lawrence; second In size only to the
Father of Waters, has become a dominant
factor in the social economy of the Pacific
Northwest. No commercialism, however,
can ever efface its natural beauties nor
the magnificence of the endless pano
ramas It discloses.
Comparisons are odious, so I shall not
say that the Hudson does not compare
with the Columbia, which has a beauty
and charm all Its own. The beauty of
the Columbia is so distinctive as to be
wholly sul generis. To see the Columbia
properly It Is necessary either to take
sitions are not to be tampered with light
ly, but carried through to full fruition
by an aspiring people, they redound to
its fairest prestige and grandest gain.
It behooves the competent people of Ore
gon not only to unbend towards It, but
to shine through it with all their graces
of culture and hospitality.
Oregon Is In a predicament unless Its
people proceed to assert their moral ear
nestness, pride, purpose and patriotism
through the Exposition. This Is Oregon's
"order of the day" before the world. The
enthusiasm of the "development leagues,"
the efficiency of the granges, the erudi
tion of the, schools and clubs, the devo
tion of the churches, should all contrib
ute of their best. For from now on to
its close In October, 1905, the Exposition
is the ark of progress and greatness for
Oregon. If each constituent common
wealth organization would take hold to
promote the interests of Oregon through
the Exposition, each would take heart
and suggestion from the other. Soon there
would be ardor and emulation in efforts
just where they would do. the most good.
Present Indifference and incipient dis
may would disappear like the all-enveloping
smoke before a drenching Oregon
rain.
This collective Exposition effort would
not mean "putting on airs," but only the
stimulation of the best customs and alm3
of the Oregon people. It would surcharge
the Exposition with the life. Ideas and as
pirations of our people. It alone would
give them their best possible time and
largest growth In strength and bright
ness. Let, then, the distinctive genius of
the Oregon people be expressed in the
Lewis and Clark Fair. Let It be unity
and comradeship in development There
Is potentiality for development among us
ready f burst all bonds.
I beg leave to suggest two lines of activ
ity for making a crowning success for
Oregon of the Exposition:
The collection of adequate Oregon ex
hibits for the Fair Is far beyond the pow
er of the State Commission. Of their
$500,01)0 appropriation, 550,000 is reserved
in accordance with the provisions of the
act of appropriation for a Lewis and
Clark memorial building. 550,000 Is being
used on Oregon's representation at St.
Louis. 530.000 or 540,000 will be necessary
for salaries for employes, rent and Com
missioners' expenses. Wltb about 5300.000
the Commission Is providing the housing
of the Exposition. It has thus some
$30,000 with which to provide Oregon's
representation in the Fair. The Oregon
exhibit will be brought into co:ar!son
with other state exhibits, like that of
California, on which from a quarter to
a half million will be expended. The re
sponsibility for a fitting and surpassing
Oregon representation at Portland in
1905 thus falls squarely back on the local
development leagues, or agencies,
throughout the state. Let them proceed
immediately to gather exhibits for their
localities. The Clackamas County offi
cials are taking just the right steps. And
what Is even more vital, these local
agencies should get suggestions for do
ing their part towards a comprehensive
Oregon exhibit. The Commission superin
tendents have been developed into ex
perts through their services at St. Louis.
Now is the time to besiege the Commis
sion for counsel to the minutest detail
so that every move of the local Boards
of Trade. County Courts andj advance
ment leagues may count and no false
step be taken. Delegates from the Cora
mission should be called and Its pros
pectuses, classifications, etc., demanded.
These development agencies and leagues
are for development work and the Ex
position Is far and beyond the greatest
and most portentous development venture
Oregon will have on its hands for a long
time to come. This Exposition move
ment, it needs to be said, will be vir
tually powerless to afford advancement
for Oregon at large, and will even suffer
collapse in that phase of its function, un
less It is reinforced by these local de
velopment agencies.
This first suggestion has In view the
bringing out of the strongest and best
evidences of the virtues of the Oregon
climate. solL rivers and mines. Indirect-
- .
the train from Portland to The Dalles
and make the return trip by boat or re
verse the order. For more than 200 miles
the railroad follows closely the bank of
the river, and there is scarcely a foot of
the -way which .te not full of interest. For
miles upon miles the railroad is a tri
.umph of engineering skill, for it clings
Uo the sides of preclpltlous cliffs, burrows
through basalt rocks, conquers the wind
driven mountains of sand and defies the
encrpachments of raging torrents of
water.
From The Dalles to Portland is S8 miles,
an entire day's journey by boat, a day
during every moment of which the eye
is filled with Nature's best scenic gifts.
At The Dalles the river was unable to
carve a respectable opening, and is
jamnJed between walls not more than 60
yards apart at the narrowest place and
extending sheer down to an unknown but
great depth. The mighty force causing the
erosion must have been beyond concep
tion to have cut a pathway perhaps hun
dreds, mayhap thousands, of feet deep
Into the flinty "basalt rock of the moun
tains. Excepting at flood times Celllo
Falls, 12 miles above, are of great beauty.
When, however, the snows of Winter be
gin to succumb to the effect of a Sum
mer sun and the water comes tumbling
and roaring down the mountain sides,
leaving deep welts and scars, the scene
at The Dalles and, at the falls changes.
In fact, the enormous volume of water,
causing a rise of from 40 to 60 feet In
the river, totally obliterates the falls
and transforms them into seething and
boiling rapids. Then it Is that the waters
of the Columbia seek the reserve chan
nels, which during other flood times have
been worn through the rocks, and moun
tains of water go tumbling and roaring
through a- great expanse of rocky gorges.
The scene at The Dalles during flood time
is tremendous In Its grandeur, and is
awe-Inspiring. A thousand whirlpools,
swirling maelstroms of seething, foaming
waters, writhe and plunge and dash them
selves against the great fields of vol
canic rocks untll they are beaten back
only to plunge anew against other bar
riers and then finally to find their way
to the peaceful waters below.
From The Dalles to the Pacific every
mile of the Columbia Is rch In history
and legend, the latter throwing Its glam
our around almost every peak and crag.
Hood River, 20 miles west of The Dalles,
Is the gateway to a succession of Co
lumbia panoramas. From this point on
the boat winds back and forth from side
to side seeking the little towns pictur
esquely nestled in the canyons along the
river's banks. The few combination
freight boats on the "upper" Columbia
are of scarcely more than 500 tons capac
ity, and one of them glories In the name
"Regulator," given because it was
planned to be a regulator of railroad
freight rates. ,
From Hood River to Portland the
traveler Is never beyond the view of
some snowcapped peak, unless it be
when the boat glides along between
huge precipices which arise' on either
side from a few hundred to more than
4000 feet, and which are as a rule cov
ered with the noble larch or the sweet
scented pine. The formations on either
side come Into view almost faster than
the eye can comprehend them. On tne
Oregon side there is the Shell Rock
Mountain, opposite to which Is Wind
Mountain, rising nearly 1200 feet above
the river's edge, and about which the
winds from the four quarters con
stantly hold high revel. The bend in
Jy only would it reflect the excellences
of the people. My second suggestion,
however, alms directly and solely to
wards the stimulation and exhibition of
the highest resources of the Oregon peo
ple themselves. Get Oregon itself and the
wprld at large but flrmly Impressed that
Oregon is the land of the brightest minds,
best ways and largest hearts and all is
well". Every desirable visitor will forget
the cherries, apples and sheep that he
looks at, but will remember every min
ute of social cheer.s This will tinge his
whole sojourn among us with the bright
est hue and Infuse a feeling of tender
ness Into every recollection of it Oregon
then would be forever celebrated far and
near. It should make a new Oregon for
every Oregonlan.
Let, then, each of the larger communi
ties or distinct sections of the state and
the stronger social and civic organiza
tions establish headquarters in their own
buildings of the Exposition grounds. In
fitting up these let them vie with each
other to get the finest and most varied
effects from exclusively Oregon materials.
In conducting these headquarters through
the Exposition season, let It be the mat
ter of keenest emulation to devise and
carry out the most Interesting and best
toned series of memorial occasions, re
ceptions and other socializing activities.
Not only do the higher interests of Or
egon demand the provision of such head
quarters oi) the Fair grounds and such
activities as the distinctive feature of
the Lewis and Clark Fair, but all condi
tions with us favor such a unique ele
ment in the Fair. Thanks to the climate
of the Oregon Summer, the condition of
the Lewis and Clark Fair grounds, the
wealth and beauty of Oregon materials
for building and decoration, the profu
sion of Oregon fruit throughout the
Summer, the wealth of the Oregon his
torical background to be celebrated, and
the widely related ties with all parts
of the world to be renewed. $2000 ex
pended .by any community for headquar
ters at Portland would far outclass in
social utility a $50,000 state Investment at
St. Louis. The deluge of mud there, the
conventional resources for decoration and
the famine prices for building materials
and labor almost brought defeat and
failure to the strongest efforts there for
social results.
The Pan-American Exposition at Buf
falo was an apotheosis of Niagara Falls.
Why should not the Lewis and Clark
Exposition be an apotheosis of the high
er amenities and activities of community
life in Oregon? Now is the time to de
vise, plan, organize and to train and test
our forces. Among the specific functions
that these headquarters would serve would
be those of offices and clearing-houses
for the most active publicity work of the
local development leagues; centers for
memorial, dedicatory and unveiling exer
cises, reunions and anniversary celebra
tions. Communities could club together
and employ a lantern outfit to exhibit
lantern slides representing features and
wonders of their respective localities. The
different religious denominations could
have their state headquarters and on
Sunday afternoons commemorate the'
lives and works of their missionary he
roes on the Oregon field and on Sabbath
evenings with the stereopticon represent
vividly sacred landmarks in their his
tory and on their missionary fields. If
they cannot close the gates on Sunday,
why not change their tactics and get in
and take the Exposition on that day with
most attractive and edifying services?
Everything seems favorable for making
such community and civic headquarters
the leavening centers, -the heart and
soul of the Exposition. In them local
history could be fostered through collec
tions of pictures, maps, relics; local pride
and civic Improvement could be stimulated
and the highest graces of community
life be exercised. All would tend to make
a' renaissance of unity, of co-operation
and comradeship In development In Ore
gon. F. G. YOUNG.
University of Oregon. Aug. 20.
Mrs. Noopop My baby cries all night. I
don't know what to do with it. Mrs. Know
itt I'll tell you what I did. As soon as our
baby commenced to cry I used to turn on
all the gas. That fooled him. He thought
it was broad daylight, and went to sleep.
Trained Motherhood.
"Well, Pat, I heard your brother was sent
to prison for life?" "Yls, but he's so delicate
he'll never lire to complete th slntince."
the rlver,on the Washington side is the
site of xthe old blockhouse where Phil
sneriaan tougnt nis nrst Dame witn
the Indians. '
Passing through the Cascade Locks,"
there come five miles of excitement
while the boat shoots the rapids many
times, barely escaping Impalement
upon the Jaggjed rocks which poke their
noses above the swirling waters. Be
low the rapids stand the abutments to
the "Bridge ofthe Gods." Once upon a
time, so goes the Indian legend, the abut
ments supported a natural bridge. One
day a brave from the Washington aide,
while hunting on the Oregon side, fell in
love with and married a maiden. As they
were returning they wjpro pursued, but
the brave was much favored of the
gods, who caused the bridge to fall,
precipitating the pursuers Into the
river, thereby creating the rapids,
which obstructed navigation until the
construction of the locks. Castle Rock,
a circular formation nearly 1200 feet
high, was formerly a, lookout station
for the Indians, and was but recently
scaled by a white man. St. Peter's
Dome, a huge rock of peculiar form,
the Pillars of Hercules, twin rocks of
legendary interest; the Oneonta Gorge,
with its moss, fern and vine-covered
walls and Its cold mountain streams
echoing with the music of falling
waters, the Horse Tall, Gordon, Mist,
Bridal "Veil. Latourell and Multnomah
Falls', the latter springing over a Hp
of the mountain to a sheer fall of 840
feet, then another of 60 reet, the Bri
dal Veil Bluffs, Cape Horn, a huge pro
montory with a vertical face 400 feet
high, and a score of other formations,
and the windings of the river, con
stantly tprovidlng new vistas, make
this a veritable land of scenery.
Perhaps the best single phase of the
trip is the view one gets on a clear day
as the boat turns into the broad Wil
lamette near Portland. From the boat's
stern come in full view eight peaks
which poke their eternal snow noses
into the clouds from 11,000 to nearly
15,000 feet. First is Rainier, master
sentinel of the Pacific Coast peaks;
then Mount Hood, favorite of artists;
Mount St. Helens, with Its rounded
dome of white; Mount Adams, Mount
Jefferson, and last a faint glimpse of
the Three Sisters, more than 100 miles
to the south. To one over whom
mountain scenery has cast Its spell this
matchless view Is worth a trip twice
across a great continent.
MINING IN OREGON.
MANY people in the Pacific North
west believe that mining is des
tined to become the paramount indus
try of the State of Oregon. J. H. Plsk,
mineralogist of the State Commission,
Is among- those who make this proph
ecy. Mr. Fisk "goes further, for after
prospecting the state for. many years,"
after experting hundreds of properties
and after a systematic study of the
mineralogy of the Northwest, he de
clares that the picturesque Blue Moun
tains of Eastern Oregon contain the
richest gold deposits in the world.
I was not so greatly surprised at this
statement after a visit to the gold fields
and after seeing In one mine ore in the
vein which contains a fortune in every
ton. This mine, which was down to
the 1200-foot level, Is In a strip of land
600 feet wide and three miles long.
THE BASg'S HONEC) MOOM
A Southern Oregon Romance, by Rita Bell in the. September Sunset.
THE baby knew -very little about
traveling, and nothing at all about
weddings. In his Aunt Nan's room
and In the sewing-room there were piles
of fluffy whiteness and blueness, and
night and day there was a whirring of
sewing-machines as the piles grew higher
and higher. Finally the whiteness and
the blueness was all cleared away, but as
soon as this was done the girls of the
neighborhood came trooping in. Mary
Lane, Lois and Dora Coleman, Katherlne
Pitt and Cousin Annie, their arms full
of fragrant plnkness and whiteness, and
almost before the baby could blink, the
big Carter house was twined and gar
landed from top to bottom with the love
liest roses In Southern Oregon.
t And the next morning Aunt Nan, the
youngest, prettiest, sweetest and dearest
of Baby Ted's aunties, went to church,
wearing a- soft white gown and carrying
a great bouquet of white roses.
Nan's suitcase stood in her room, packed
and ready for a Journey, and when she
came back to change the white gown for
a dark one,. the baby sat in the middle of
the floor thumping the leather object
doubtfully Nvith his soft knuckles. As
he looked up at Nan his brown eyes were
very solemn and his dimpled chin quiv
ered as If he were going to cry.
"Nan cars?" he Inquired.
"Yes, Nan cars," responded Nan brave
ly, the Nan who had played with little
Ted, had taken care of him and fairly
worshiped him since he was a day old.
If she went south for three weeks who
could look after Ted as she had done?
She thought with a shudder of the deep",
old, board-covered well in the orchard.
What if some day while she was absent
some one should leave the orchard gate
open so that baby could slip through. And
a big sob came in her throat as she re
membered the promise she had made to
her sweet, dead sister, "always to take
care of little Ted."
"Oh, Baby; I can't leave you," she said,
holding him close.
Then in came the Coleman girls and
Annie, bent on making her get ready In
time to catch the San Francisco train.
"You know you always were the slowest
girl In Jackson County," said Annie, "so
I think It's my duty to see that you don't
miss this train."
But for Nan's physical slowness she
made full atonement inner mental alert
ness, and while Annie and the other girls
were helping her dress, she was swiftly
concocting a scheme, which. If she had
known, would have made Annie's conser
vative hair stand n end.
"Why can't I 'just take that baby
along?" she thought. "Mother really Isn't
strong enough to take care of him, and
Gordon thinks as much of him as I do.
I can get him a swell llttlo new wardrobe
In San Francisco, and I'll leave a note on
mother's desk to explain."
Gordon had a horror ofweddlng jokes,
Nan knew, at least a horror of having
them applied to himself, and as a further
argument for taking Ted to California,
she reflected that she and Gordon could
make their fellow-travelers think that
the baby was their own, and that they
were ancient married people.
She reached for the baby and gave him
anottfer vigorous .hug.
"Nobody'll know lCs our wedding jour
ney," she said gleefully, her voice muf
fled in little Ted's nainsook.
"Why, dear? Because you and Gor
don look so old?" asked Dora Coleman.
"Of course," answered Nan.
When Nan was ready to start she
said: "Now, girls, you go downstairs
and tell everybody I'll be there pres
ently; I'm going over to say good-by
to Grandma Dent,"
Behind a clump of shrubbery near
the house there was a gap In the
fence, through which Nan had slipped
on neighborly errands since she was a
small girl with a curly, (sunburnt braid
and a blue sunbonnet. This morning
the phebe birds, chattering in the sy-
which could not be bought for $20,000,-
000 cash. In the light of the facts', it
seems strange that the gold fields -of
Oregon have not been overrun with a
horde of prospectors, which eventually
they cannot escape. It is to be ac
counted for, I believe, by the fact that
the majority of the great mines in Or
egon are owned by close corporations,
which go to extremes to prevent reli
able information reaching the public
regarding the properties they control.
Then, too, the rush to thte Klondike
and the wonderful Cripple Creek re
gion, with its 51.200,000 annual output,
has diverted attention from a develop
ment In "the Oregon field which has
been marvelous, both for its extent
and the quiet manner in which It has
been accomplished.
'
Rich "finds" are now being, made in
the various gold-bearing districts of
the state with a regularity which Is
bound to soon attract general atten
tion. WTille I was In Sumpter the ru
morwas confirmed of a discovery In
the Cornucopia' district which assayed
80 ounces of gold to the ton. and many
such "finds" are being made In dis
tricts formerly famous for placer min
ing, but which were supposed to have
been prospected out. About the best
mining properties In Oregon It Is al
most impossible to learn exact truths,
while about those which are being ex
ploited it is difficult to keep from
learning too much. Strike an average
between the two, the bulls and bears
in gold iriining, so to speak, and the
truth will not be far distant.
The gold output credited to Oregon
by the United States Government is
but 51.S00.000, whereas the truth Is that
the state probably produces no less
than 56,000,000 annually, and possibly
more. The discrepancy between the
Government figures and the facts is,
partially accounted for by the efforts
of close corporations to prevent a gen
eral knowledge of the facts and by the
fact that a very large proportion of
the concentrates is treated in smelters
of foreign states, and is credited to
such states. There are undoubtedly
three or four, mines in the Cracker
Creek Basin alone which produce as
much gold as the Government glve3 Or
egon credit for.
Inability to get at the r-ith, however,
does not deceive the dlrectc of the Gov
ernment mint, who in' his report for the
year 1901 declares: "Oregon is rich In min
eral resources. Fifty years has not suf
ficed to exhaust the placers of tie state,
and there is ground enough that will pay
to work to keep them busy for 50 years to
come, while the quartz ledges of the state
are practically untouched. It only needs
a trip through the mining districts of
Coos, Baker, Union, Grant, Douglas, Jack
son, Lane, Josephine, Malheur and other
counties to 'convince the most skeptical
that a magnificent future awaits this
grand state In point of mineral wealth."
Upon the same subject Dr. Alfred R.
C. Selwyn, M. C. G. F. R. S., eminent
British mineralogist and geologist, said:
"I find Eastern Oregon one of the most
interesting and hopeful mineral zones of
the globe. Referring to the quartz ledges
adjacent to Sumpter, I say unreservedly
that I have never seen ariy mining coun
try which I consider more promising or
as having a brighter future. The ledges
here have Immense breadth, and there is
not a shadow of a doubt in my mind
, that the values will continue with depth
Tlnga thicket, saw a rosy, panting1
young woman in a blue traveling dress
scramble through the hole carrying a
rosy, tumbled baby.
"Every one who was not In her own
home she knew would be at a front
window, watching for her to go by on
the way to the station, which was just
around the corner of the village street.
She sped through Grandma Dent's neat
lettuce beds and out at her side gate
quite unobserved, and reached the sta
tion and the waiting train.
The porter of the Pullman was stand
ing beside the cars as Nan came up.
"Oh, Joe," said Nan, "I'm so glad
it's you. Will you take the baby and
put him in the stateroom for me?"
"I will sure, Miss Nan," responded
Joe, accepting llttlo Ted from her out
stretched arms as readily as if she
were giving him a raglan to brush.
"Don't tell any one that he Isj Baby
Sylvester," cautioned Nan breathlessly,
as she turned to go, "and, Joe, remem
ber, I'm Mrs. Irwin now."
"Baby cars," gurgled little Ted rap
turously, as he rode on Joe's shoulder
down the ais.le.
As Joe unlocked the stateroom to de
posit the baby he muttered:
"Mistah Irwin certainly did say I
wasn't to put nothin in here for no
body, but I reckon what Miss Nan says
foes."
On her way back Nan stopped one
Instant to see her old neighbor, Grand
ma Dent, who sat in her patient arm
chair beside a front window.
"Bless you, dearie," said the old lady,
"now don't you wait a minute or you'll
be late."
But Nan ran quickly home, and even
had time to run up the back stairs and
get her roses, to throw "for the luck
iest girl."
She was beginning to feel uneasy as
to the manner in which Gordon would
receive her exploit, but when she told
him he was quite as elated as she had
been when she first thought of it.
"By Jove, Nan, you're a wonder,"
Gordon said. "I guess there won't be
much room for comment now, as I've
looked out for the rice and the signs
on the baggage."
The train was rolling swiftly south
ward now. Nan sat hugging the baby
ecstatically and for one moment she
and Gordon faced each other in speech
less thankfulness. Each knew that the
other was thinking of the horrid ex
periences of a long list of bridal cou
ples whom they had known. For In
stance, there was Dr. Brown and his
wife, whose trunks had arrived at the
Hotel Portland with inscriptions in
black paint all over them. Informing
the public that the owners were newly
married and had two hearts that beat
as one; Gordon's counsins, too, the Van
Dusens, who had found their stateroom
on the Columbia decorated with strings
of red cardboard hearts, with the Gib
son drawing, the "Eternal Question."
glued upon the outer panel of the door.
And, most ghastly of all, there was the
story of the newly married people- In
Cleveland, who were set upon by their
friends and handcuffed together as they
were leaving the station, with no al
ternative but thu3 to continue the Jour
ney, as the key to the handcuffs had
been mailed ahead.
Everything went well until it came
time for dinner.
"Now, he'll call us 'Dordon' and
k'Nan, " Gordon said helplessly, "and
what will we do?
"Oh why, that's easy," answered
Nan, "just say that he said it becauso
wc did, and that we thought it was
cute."
No one seemed to see anything
strange about It excepting one old lady
who told Nan severely that it was
"terrible bad for a child to bring him
up that way."
"You're getting along with him all
right now," she went on, "but if he
don't learn to call his parents proper
you won't be able to manage him."
Nan was one of the most friendly
and sociable girls in the world, but she
here. I find mines here running ten to
twenty stamps which might as well be
operating, half aKundred. They would
not then be able to exhaust the ore dur
ing jthis or the coming generation."
Professor Waldemar, for 16 years Unit
ed States geologist, after a thorough ex
amination of the Oregon gold fields, declared:-
"I have not the slightest doubt
that values will continue with depth to a
point beyond which no modern mechani
cal appliances can operate mines at a
profit In other words, there i3 practi
cally no limit to the depth of values here.
I believe the district has a future second
to no mining camp In America."
It seems almost Incredible that such a
field as this should be so little worked
and so little exploited. Undoubtedly Ore
gon Is yet to experience her '49. The
gold producing districts of the state are
in the Blue Mountains and Cascade Moun
tain Range, both of which are rich In
timber, water and scenery beyond com
pare. The formation and contour of the
country, the climate and the accessibility
to timber and water supplies forms a
combination which greatly reduces the
cost of extracllng the gold from the ore.
Gold is also found in the mountain
ranges of the southwestern portion of
the state, but the eastern fields are said
to bo the greatest. The Blue Mountains
region In Eastern Oregon Is fully 120
miles square and contains an area nearly
equal to the combined areas of the States
of Massachusetts, Rhode Island and Con
necticut. This region stretches from the
northeastern part of Wallowa County Into
the northern end of Harney and Malheur
Counties, and extends from the great
Snake River far over into the country fed
by the tributaries of the John Day. Blue
Mountain spurs, with canyons as beauti
ful as those of the famous Yellowstone
National Park, and flanked by peaks from
6000 to 10.000 feet high, finely wooded and
bountifully watered, traverse this mineral
belt.
Fully three-quarters of the Oregon gold
output comes from the eastern territory,
which contains the Cracker Creek Basin,
Cornucopia, Granite, Mormon Basin and
other districts, while In the west and
middle west the Bohemia and Grant's
Pass districts are becoming well known.
For more than a half century practically
all of these territories were famous as
placer producers, the total placer output
since the early '60s aggregating fully
5120.000,000. The placer days are practi
cally over and have been superseded by
a development in quartz mining that sur
passes anything hitherto known, accord
ing to Commissioner Fisk. Despite the
many camps, however, quartz mining la
in Its Infancy In Oregon, and there are
hundreds of thousads of acres which have
never felt the blow of a pick nor even
the tread of a white man.
An interesting fact in connection with
mining in Oregon is the existence of what
might be called the mining rancher.
Much of the eastern district Is settled
with these men, who picked their loca
tions with a view to timber and water
supplies and to banks of gold-bearing
gravel. Their mining operations begin in
March, when the water caused by the
melting snow begins to run, and they keep
at It night and day for two or three
months, often cleaning up from 56000 to
510,000 from the bedrock and sluices. The
remainder of the year is spent in gar
dening and ranching, and In this manner
may of these mining rachers have laid
up In the banks from 520,000 to 550.000.
The story of mining in Oregon is fraught
with romance and Interest, but it is a
story which has yet to be told.
decided that it would be best for her to
keep away as much as possible from
the other people on the train, as her
natural truthfulness might reassert it
self with disastrous result.
As for Gordon, he managed quite
well, lying cheerfully and unblushing
ly whenever any one asked him how
long he had been married, and taking
a vast delight in the comments of some
English tourists, who said that the
fellow over there with the pretty wife
was a lucky dog, and In hearing Nan's
old lady say that the taby was the
very Image of his father.
On the morning of arrival in San'
Francisco Nan said farewell to her fellow-travelers
with a deep sigh of re
lief. As they left the ferry they met
an Oregonlan, Tom Blake, of whose
presence in the city they were entlrely
unaware.
'This Is luck." said Tom; "I Just got
in from Honolulu. I never expected I'd
meet you. Wanted awfully to get
homo In time for the wedding. What
on earth are you doing with Sylvester's
youngster?"
Nan turned red and couldn't find a
word to say, for close beside them
were the English tourists, looking
amused, and the awful oldlady.
"We brought him for his healthV"
said Gordon briefly. "Whew! It's rain
ing; never knew It to rain here in
May."
As they stepped outside he raised
Naix's umbrella, and over them both,
and over their Innocent wedding- joke
protector, causing him to sputter with
surprise, came a shower of rice. And
as they got Into a cab to go up town
they heard an elderly voice say:
"I knew that baby didn't belong to
those people anybody could see by
the way they acted that they hadn't
been married a week."
Half an hour later the sun shone
bright and warm, and Nan, standing
beside a pleasant window where she
could see the busy harbor and the Ala
meda hills across the bay, was sure
her troubles were over. Tomorrow
they would be at Del Monte, where
baby could play in a field of golden
popples, and she and Gordon could
drive and walk for hours and days,
without a thought of the rest of the
world.
Presently she sat down to look over
the morning papers. Almost the first
thing she saw was this, in flaring
headlines:
Baby Lost While Relatives Revel In
fant Son of Theodore Sylveater, the
Oregon Mine-Owner, Kidnaped on
the Wedding: Day of Miss Xnn Carter
nnd Gordon Irwin.
In horrified amazement Nan read the
rest. The neighborhood had bfen
searched, the old well dragged hero
she hugged the baby to think she had
him, safe and warm and alive and
now a posse was scouring the county
to find the missing child.
Gordon was standing beside the ele
vator waiting to come up, when Nan
confronted him with her hands full of
the crumpled newspaper.
"What will we do? Where do you
suppose my note went?" she almost
walled.
"We'll send them a telegram." said
Gordon cheerfully, "and; my dear girl,
didn't it ever occur to you that if you
left a piece of paper on a desk beside
an open window the wind might blow
it away, and besides Rover might eat
it up?"
And this is the telegram that re
lieved the anxiety in the Oregon house
hold and sent a messenger to recall the
posse:
"Don't worry: we've got the baby."
"What a beautiful lawn you have?" "Yes."
ans-wered Mr. Nlgley's wife, "my husband
keeps it that way." "He must be very In
dustrious." Yes. He never misses a day
with his lawnmower; although I could
scarcely get him to touch It until the neigh
bors began to complain about the noise it
made." Washington Star.