THE- SUNDAY 0EEG0NIA2T, FOBTEAffP, JUSTE 5, " 1901.
53
WHAT TO DO WHEN IN DANGER
Burglars Don't Be Foolhardy, ty A. L. Drurnmond, of Drtimmond's Petecthre Agency.
(jsote. The- author of. this article 1 a mem
ber o the famous detective family, the father
of which wao formerly chief of the "Ciilted
States Secret Service. Editor.)
HOW many times "we have all heard
this bit of conversation:
"Now, "what -would you da If you
should awaken to find a burglar in your
house?"
"Well why ahem I hardly know. I
couldn't say until the occasion, arose."
Yet the proper course to follow In such a
situation is simple. It is exercise the
coolness and caution of true courage.
Above all things. If you aspire to be
courageously cautious, do not rush out
from your room In an attempt to corner
and capture the burglar. There are two
good and sufficient reasons against such
a foolhardy procedure.
In the first place, the Intruder will have
you at a decided disadvantage. You have
Just awakened, and your eyes are unused
to the darkness, -while his eyes have been
peering through, it for some minutes and
are keen in his behalf. You do not know
Just where he Is, while, from previous In
vestigation, he has located your room and
knows where you will como from and how.
Your night shirt, being white. Is also In
his favor, for white stands out In black
surroundings. Even though you essay to
creep upon him unawares, his ears are as
sharp as a watch dog's, and he hears in
significant noises that yours f all to catch.
Every step" that you tako Is known to
your adversary, crouching somewhere be
fore you In the sheltering darkness. You
are entirely at his mercy.
The Result of Foolhardy Action.
In the second place, try to corner a bur
glar and nine times out of ten he will
shoot, and shoot to kllL How many times
have each of us read in the newspaper of
this or that man killed by a burglar whom
he was trying to capture?
There was the Latimer case In Brooklyn
Come three years ago. Latimer was the
treasurer of a secret organization, and had
come of the society's money In his house.
Jn the night he thought ho heard a gur
glar. He went hunting for the intruder,
whp sprang out of a closet and shot him
dead.
Several years earlier. In the same town,
,n. butcher met death under similar circum
stances, and about the sama time another
Brooklyn citizen endeavored to rush down
Btalrs upon the intruders, but before he
"had gone ten steps ho received three bul
tlet holes through his body.
Brooklyn is not unique in this respect
It is simply representative. Every city
can show a long record of murders com
mitted by burglars.
A burglar always goes about his Jobs
prroed, and that burglar Is a rare excep
tion who prefers capture to taking life.
The law recognizes this fact, and there
fore gives to the man whose house has
been entered the right to kill the burglar
on the ground of Justifiable homicide. In
other words, the law presumes that a bur
Elar Intends to kill, as well as to loot,
whenever he enters a house and his ends
will bo served thereby.
What You Should Do.
If you want to do the dorrect and not
-the foolhardy thing, stay in our room and
make a decided noise. The burglar will
hear it, know that you are awake and
aware of his presence, and forthwith flee
the house. It Is a characteristic trait of
burglars to be frightened off byno!scs.
Perhaps, when you frighten off your bur
glar, he will leave so precipitately that he
will neglect to take the silverware with
him. But If ho carries a well-stuffed bag
DR. BROUGHER ON THE ST. LOUIS FAIR
SINCE my last letter, I have been to
the Fair, spent a few days at the
Southern Baptist Convention, in
Nashville, Tenn., preached to my former
people in Chattanooga, and attended the
sessions of the Northern Baptist anniver
saries, at Cleveland, O. I have been kept
so continually on the move that I have
not bad time to write. In fact, I had to
stop at a bank the other day to draw
fcny breath. Fortunately, the account was
not overdrawn, and I am still living. I
em now on my way to New York City,
whence I sail for London Wednesday
morning, May 25th. It is with some
doubts and misgivings that I look forward
to the voyage'. As a preparation for it
X have just been reading an article on
'How to Meet the Ups and Downs of
Life." I shall be able to preach a ser
tnon on that subject when I return from
.personal experience. One friend recom
mended my wearing a porus plaster, and
,another said a plaid vest was good It
, would keep a check on my stomach. As
Jlo the Joys of an ocean voyage, I can
ispcak more fully later. Let mo say a few
things that have interested me thus far
in my Journey.
Louisiana Purchase Exposition.
It la a very difficult matter to condense
Into one brjof letter a description of an
enterprise ao Immense and at the same
time so incomplete as the World's Fair.
tDne does not like to take the part of an
adverse critic when there would seem to
be so much to be praised. Nevertheless,
for the sake ot those who may expect to
attend from the great Northwest I wish
to ho fair, at least There are two words
that characterize the Fair at tho present
stage immensity and incompleteness.
Tho Fair is not half finished. Most of the
large buildings are complete so far as ex
ternal appearances are concerned, but
with one or two exceptions, the exhibits
have not been put in place. In many of
tho large buildings the booths for exhib
its are Just being erected. The Ferris
wheel is not finished. By tho way, the
hotel rates are so much higher than tho
Ferris, wheel that it looks Insignificant
A great deal Is being said in the pa
pers and by tne people about tho ex
orbitant prices asked by the hotels. Un
less there is a change, the attendance at
the Fair is bound to bo seriously effected
by it As a matter of fact the attend
ance thus far has not mot the- expecta
tions of the Fair directors. Unless it Is
greatly increased, a great sum of money
will bo lost on the enterprise. Neverthe
less, when the ralr Is finished, it will be
worth seeing. It Is larger and grander
In every way than the Chicago Exposi
tion. Great Foreign Exhibits.
Fifty-three foreign governments are
participating in the Exposition, and their
buildings form one of the most interest
ing and instructive features of the Fair.
Each nation has endeavored to outdo the
other in the erection of a characteristic
building, and the installation of exhibits.
Japan leads all others in the large and
unique display she makes, and the little
'brown men" are the center of attraction
to all. Our Federal Government and all
the States of the Union nearly are mak
ing excellent displays of their boundless
resources and industrial progress. Many
of the buildings are not finished yet and
the exhibits not in place. The writer had
a pleasant visit with Mr. Dosch. the -Commissioner-General
of the Lewis and Clark
Fair. He was at tho Oregon building
looking after the Interests of our state.
His experience In connection with former
fairs specially fits him for the tremend
ous responsibility pieced upon him in ar
ranging for the various exhibits to be had
at the Lewis and Clark Exposition next
year. Ife is firmly convinced that the
Portland Fair should be held next year,
and that all contractors should be held
in his flight, then charge up another item
to profit and loss, and be thankful for the
comforting bit of knowledge that spoons
can be replaced and life cannpt )
If you awaken to find a burglar bending ;
over the bureau in your room, your play
is to He perfectly still, and when your eyes i
have become accustomed to -the 'darkness,
and 'during the flash of his lantern, center
all your efforts on trying to flx in your
mind some of the man's physical charac
teristics that may aid the police to cap
ture him later on.
Gejt his height, which Is very Important.
This can be pretty closely determined by
noticing where his head comes on some
object In the room taller than he, as, for
example, the bureau. Don't trust. to your
sense of height without some such guide.
Very few persons can name a man's
height off-hand within several Inches, and
an inch or so cuts In identification.
The Burglar's Ear.
Ascertain the general appearance of his
ear. The measurement and shape of the
ear plays an important part nowadays in
Identifying criminals, the Bertlllon system
having shown that while- a criminal may
alter other parts of his physical being by
make-up, he cannot so hide his ear. There
fore, do not fall to notice whether the bur
glar's ear lies flat against bis head, or
sticks out abnormally, or Is long, or broad,
or has any peculiarity of any sort
Also endeavor to notice the general
shape of the face and head, whether
round, oval, long, broad; and If the man
bears any out-of-the-ordlnary -physical
mark or characteristic, such as a scar
or limp, register the fact firmly in your
mind. Rogues' gallery descriptions always
lay stress on such peculiarities. There
fore, this bit of -information on your part
would be exceedingly useful to the author
ities, as nearly every burglar, unless he Is
a novice, has his description in the coun
try's rogues' galleries. Do not bother
about trying to find out the color of his
hair or eyes, or whether he has a mus
tache. The poor light will keep you from
securing the correct knowledge, and if
you say the man's hair Is brown when it
is black, your faulty information merely
tends to confuse the police In their search
for the criminal.
Useless Revolver Under the Pillow.
Don't try to shoot a burglar who is in
your room. You play right into his hands.
While you are reaching for the revolver
under your pillow, the odds are heavy
that he will cover you. to say the least
The slightest noise gains his attention
even the gentle slipping of your arm along
the sheets up under your pillow for your
weapon.
Even if you do succeed in getting hold
of the revolver, he still has a decided ad
vantage. He Is on his feet, your are on
your back, and so he can get his re
volver into action with greater rapidity
and freedom. You will be encumbered by
the bed clothing and win have to make
several movements preliminary to aiming
at him, while he can simply whirl about
on you and bang away. His advantage
may be a matter of seconds only, but sec?
onds count In such a situation,
I firmly believe that a revolver under a
pillow is more dangerous to its owner
than to the criminal' it is meant to protect
him from. "What have I a pistol here for,
if not to shoot?" the owner asks himself
when he sees a burglar in his room, and
he forthwith reaches for It and thereby
puts his life In Jeopardy. He also uses
the same line of argument when he. hears
a burglar below stairs; he goes to the
head of the stairs and fires away, forget
ting that his pistol's flash gives his loca
tion away to the enemy, who is shrewd
strictly to their agreements to have tho
buildings completed at a certain time.
He does not want the people to be disap
pointed at the opening of the Lewis and
Clark Exposition, as they are now with
the World's Fair.
The Oregon building, when completed,
will be a very Interesting representation
of Fort Clatsop. It Is a primitive style of
architecture, one-story high, Irregular In
form, and made out of logs. Oregon's
agricultural, horticultural and mineral
displays will be notewortny when all In
place.
Special Features.
The most striking and inspiring feature
of the Fair are the Cascades. They are
three in number, and are said to surpass
In size and beauty anything of like char
acter ever seen in the history of the
world. They flow down from weir to
weir, just in front of the Festival Hall.
On each side of the latter are the Ter
race of States, the Art Palace and the
Pavilion. As all the buildings and ave
nues radiate from this point the sparkle
of the down-pouring waters are visible
across a vast expanse, and their rush
and splash can be heard as the voice, of
music far away. It is the most inspiring
spot at the Fair. The Louisiana Monu
ment stands near the great basin Into
which flow tho waters from the Cascades.
This monument is the highest and most
imposing of the Fair. Noar it one of
-three famous bands render tho choicest
music every afternoon and night Sousa,
Innes and Weir are the leaders, and their
musical organizations are known the
world over. The greatest plpo organ in
the world can be seen and heard in the
Festival Hall. It has Ave manuals, 140
speaking stops, 239 movements and 10.059
pipes. It is one of the marvels of the Ex
position. But time would fail me to men
tion all the special features they are all
special. The Fair will bo worth seeing
about September 3, 1901. I have no hesi
tation in saying that It will be that time
before it Is entirely completed. Ot course,
If you do not mind hot weather, August
will probably see it in fair shape, but if
I wero going to get the most for my
moriey, and at the same time have some
comfort I would not go before the mid
dle ot September.
Chattanooga.
From St Louts our Itinerary took us to
Nashville and Chattanooga, Tenn. At
Nashville the Southern Baptist Conven
tion was in session. This is Yhe greatest
Baptist body in the world. It represents
Crusade Against Consumption
, Congress of Tuberculosis Specialists at Atlantic City.
NEW YORK, May SL (Special Cor
respondence of Tho Sunday Oregon
lan.) The coming meeting of the
National Association for the Study. Treat
ment and Prevention of Tuberculosis, at
Atlantic City, the second week in June,
will be of great Importance to hundreds
ot thousands of people all over the land.
This Interest is due to the fact that the
"white plague" counts Its victims by the
ten thousand every year, and Judging
from the great army of the afflicted, few
homes escape its ravages at one time or
another.
The meeting will bring together the ex
ports In tuberculosis from every part
of the country. The plan Is to effect a
National organization and then make a
united crusade against the common enemy
the tubercle bacillus.
The high standing of the committee
having the matter in charge is an augury
of what is likely to be accomplished. The
personnel of this committee Is as follows:
Dr. Herman M. Biggs, bacteriologist of
the New York Board of Health; Dr. E. L.
enough not to fire first under such cir
cumstances. Then, too, if the sleeper Is
ever so restless, he may knock the re
volver to the floor, or touch te trigger
with a hand thrown about In his sleep,
and off goes the weapon, probably wound
ing the sleeper or his bedfellow.
Do not attempt to Jump out of bed and
grapple with a burglar In your room, for
the same reasons that you should not try
to shoot him. Lie perfectly still until he
has left the room and then endeavor to
frighten him off and remove the danger
to your lite in the manner already 'de
scribed. Notifying the Authorities.
Once a burglar has become- frightened
it will not lake him long tp make his. es
cape. He generally leaves windows "un?
locked and doors open so that he will lose
no time In getting away either before or
after the Job is finished. "Whenever he can
be departs by the rear, as he is not so
likely to meet any one In the alley as in
the street If your room has a window
opening on the rear, you can witness, the
fellow's departure therefrom and know
that the coast is clear, In any event It
will be perfectly safe for you to venture
downstairs to summon the police several
minutes after notifying the burglar of
your wakefulness.
But before you go after the authorities
do not neglect to Impress upon the other
members of the household the importance
of not pouching or disturbing the contents
of the room In which the burglar has op
erated, so that no possible clew may be
destroyed. Something In the general ap
pearance of the ransacked room the
burglar's method of going about his busi
ness or a piece of wire left behind may
bo sufficient evidence to the trained eye
and mind to put the detectives on the
right track and lead to the ultimate cap
ture of the criminal.
For the same reason, if neighbors have
been attracted to your house by your ad
venture, keep them from walking around
the premises and mingling their foot
prints with those of the burglar. Im
portant evidence Is frequently destroyed
in this manner. And do not let any one
tamper with anything about the house,
whlqh the authorities' should see just as
the burglar left It broken" window panes,
jimmied doors and all.
Precautions Against Burglary.
To reduce to the minimum the chances
of burglary of your house, see to it that
no stranger not properly vouched for Is Jet
past your door.
It is the easiest thing In the world for a
burglar or hjs confederate, a day or two
before he enters your house under cover
of darkness, to present himself at your
door with some such information as "I'm
the gas man, and I've come to look over
the pipes and fixtures"; or, "I'm the
plumber, and Mr. Smith, my boss, said I
was to see that everything was all right";
or "I'm a building Inspector, and I want
to see if the fire escapes are In good work
ing order."
The man Is admitted without question,
and while he goes about from room to
room, ostensibly examining the gas fix
tures or the plumbing or what not he also
takes in the sideboard with its display of
silver, the various dressing tables wjth
tholr burdens of silver toilet articles, and
the general arrangement of the house.
Then, when he has secured all the neces
sary information, he leavps, to return that
night or the next
Never admit or let any one be admitted
to your house without the proper indorse
ments; and If you also refrain from pro
miscuously displaying your silver, you
need have little fear of burglars. A burg-
jar does not as a rule, enter a house on
which. In the language of the street he
cannot "get a line."
2.000.000 and 1.500.000 black. Baptists. The
proceedings of this convention have been
reported 'already. It will meet next year
In Kansas City, Mo.
From Nashville we went to Chattanoo
ga, and was given a royal welcome by
the people to whom we once mlnlsered.
They crowded the church on Sunday, and
gave "the Prodigal" a reception on Mon
day night Many questions were asked
him concerning Portland. He was glad
to be able to say many good things about
his new home city and his church. An
extended interview was printed in the
evening paper, a copy of which will be
sent to The Oregonlan. Our stay in
Chattanooga was all too short but the
Northern Baptist Convention was already
In session when we arrived at Cleveland,
O., Wednesday morning, the ISth. The
matter In which we were most interested
was the securing of the convention for
Portland next year. A conference ot the
Pacific Coast delegates was held imme
diately, and plans laid for getting the In
terest of all the delegates In going to
Portland. St Louis was our only com
petitor. But It was strongly represented
and had some special reasons for wanting
the convention In 1005. The Southern
Convention is to meet in Kansas City,
St Louis desires the Northern Conven
tion, and will arrange for a joint meet
ing of the delegates of both conventions,
so as to have a fraternal rally of all the
Baptists of the -United States at that
time.
Portland May Get the Convention.
When the matter came, before the Con
vention, Invitation from Portland was
presented by the writer. He was second
ed and assisted by Dr. C. A. Wooddy, of
Portland; Dr. C. M. Hill, of Oakland,
Cal.; Rev. Robert Burdette and A. W
Rlder, of Los Angeles; Dr. Alexander
Blackburn, of Salem. Mass.. and Dr. Kerr
Boyce Tupper, of Philadelphia. It was
universally conceded that Portland would
have secured the convention if It had
been left to a popular vote. But the mat
ter was finally referred to the executive
committee of the three boards, to be de
cided by them. The question, therefore,
will not be settled for several weeks prob
ably, and just which city will win is still
doubted, In any event Portland's at
tractions were given wide advertisement
and we still stand a gpod chance of get
ting the convention in the near future,
even if we do not next year.
My next will be from London, "if I live
to tell the tale."
J. WHITCOMB BROUGHER.
Trudeau, of Saranac Lake, N. Y.; Dr. W.
H. Welsh, of Johns Hopkins University;
Dr. -George M. Sternberg, former Surgeon
General In the United States Army; Dr.
Laurence F. Flick, of Philadelphia, and.
Dr. William Osier and H. B. Jacobs, of
Baltimore.
Few people have any conception of what
has been accomplished within the past
few months in the way of checking the
ravages of consumption in the land, and
the Improved methods of science empjoyed
to' counteract the deadly plague.
Many- of the most prominent physicians
in the United States have been quietly
at work in their laboratories and-prlvate
hospitals wrestling with the problem, apd
these will make their reports of varying
success at Atlantic City next month.
In the hope of anticipating somewhat
the results of these Investigations, which
will be reported to the National Conven
tion, I have interviewed within the past
month a number of experts on tuberculo
sis as well as visited some of the most
up-to-date institutions, like the Phipps
Institution at Philadelphia, the White
Haven Sanitarium, eta
From all the leading hospitals and Insti
tutions come the mo3t gratifying reports
as to checkmating tuberculosis, and some
of the cures effected are ttle short
of marvelous. In New York City alon
the results accomplished In the past few
months In the dispensary treatment of
tuberculosis give promise of magnificent
development In the near future, l listened
to papers read at the Academy of Medi
cine the pther night and was surprised,
to f!n4 that the various hospitals, clinics,
medical schools and dispensaries of the
metropolis have within the past few
months set aside wards for the special
Study of tuberculosis, and that thousands
of victims are getting a new lease gi lire
and becoming, instead of a center of in
fection, a center of education and enllght?
raent to the massesr not only in sanitary
science, but also In the laws of health as
they affect humanity as a whole.
And what is true of New York City Is
true ot Philadelphia, Boston, Chicago and
all the cities of the country. Advanced
methods are being applied to turn the tide
of tuberculosis Into a tide ot health and
happiness, and this consummation, so de
voutly wished tor, is actually being ac
complished. The serum therapy has been tried In
America by De Scbwelnlte, Trudeau, Stub
bert and others. The most suitable in
jection consists of an aqueous extract of
virnjent but dead bacilli, supplemented by
the infiltrate of a young culture. In this
way is obtained the full value of the bacll
llary bodies and toxins.
When this serum is injected Into healthy
men or animals, there is ah increase of
defenslte substances in the blood of the
injected; animal greater than the geometri
cal proportion, and the organism plays an
active part In this tremendous increase.
The participation of the organism Is nec
essary to this -Increase.
Dr, Herman C. Herold, president of the
Newark, N, J., Board of Health, has ob
tained a different serum, so he tells me,
from which he Is getting splendid results.
So successful has It been in many cases
that the United States Government hos
pitals have asked for, supplies of the se
rum, 4 they, too, secure the same good
results.
Value of X-Rays.
One of the most up-to-date means of de
tecting tuberculosis, and at the same time
finding out the extent pf its ravagesTls
now employed in the New York Health
Department dispensary. This is nothing
less, than the use of the X-rays. For ex
ample, miliary tuberculosis,, or "gaUop
ing consumption," can be readily detected
by the mottled appearance of the lungs
or body. Lesions are clearly shown, as
well as Infiltrations and consolidations in
the lungs.
It Is "proved by experience, too, that-
Arrays win relieve coughs and pains,
to a certain extent And one thing is
certain the fluoroscope is a valuable aid
In detecting incipient tuberculosis" before
it is discovered by other means, and also
In revealing lesjons and structural
changes in the tissues that neither per
cussion nor auscultation Can disclose. In
a word, Jt would seem to be the part of
wisdom for eyery consumptive to be
X-rayed, so that the hidden lesions and
Internal injuries from the tubercle bacil
lus may te laid bare.
Still another new kind of treatment is
the use of ozone. Perhaps It Is because
this gas is so plentiful pn the. mountains
mot patients seem to thrive better there:
although I heard a number of New York
City's leading experts combat this idea
the other night
In this connection Dr. LJndley R. Will
iams, of the Vanderbllt clinic, told a very
curious story, He said that-he knew a
very prominent Judge In the city who had
rjea every neaitn resort in the world.
ahd found that V he fared better at the
Waldorf-Astoria than anywhere else.
This fact speaks volumes for the
healthy and wholesome air to be had In
the vicinity of the metropolis.
Dr. S. A. Knopf, of the New -York
Board of Health, will also be at Atlantic
City, and show his brother physicians
a. new mouth-protector, so that patients
cannot cough their sputum Into your face
or infect the surrounding air. A piece
of cotton batting on a steel frame docs
tne business.
I had quite a talk with Dr. Knopf the
other day, and some of his Investigations
and experiments, when related at the
seashore next mpnth, will be Intensely
interesting.
Interview With Dr. L. F. Flick.
One of the prominent specialists who
wijl have an interesting report to make
at Atlantic City is Dr. Lawrence F. Flick,
of the committee of arrangements, who
Is founder of the Pennsylvania Society
for the Prevention of Tuberculosis, presi
dent of the Free Hospital for Poor Con
sumptlves of Pennsylvania, medical di
rector of the Henry Phipps Institute for
the Study, Treatment and Prevention of
Tuberculosis, and an author and prac
titioner of acknowledged ability. Dr.
Flick told me that he himself had be
come a victim of tuberculosis years ago.
and hence became Intensely interested In
tne subject m order to save his own life.
I asked Dr. Flick what he thought of
Professor Maragllano s attempts to cure
consumption by vaccination. It will be
recalled that this professor of the Uni
versity of Genoa, in Italy, only a short
time ago gave his conclusions, based on
31 years' experience, before tho Phipps
Institute.
Professor Maragllano's proposition was
this:
"If the defensive means produced by
the organism are large in proportion to
the number of Invading bacteria, it galn3
the victory. If the defensive means are
Insufficient, the organism succumbs."
"We are very much Interested in Pro
fessor Maragllano's investigations." an
swered Dr. Flick; "and if his claims can
be substantiated, they are simply won
derful. We have already sent a physl
dan over to Italy from the Phipps Insti
tute; and he will go into the whole sub
jectvery carefully, and report to us. '
"The coming congress of specialists
from all over the country at Atlantic
City will be most noteworthy, as the
workers in tuberculosis will be organ
ized, and make some authoritative debla
ration of methods.
"We know a great deal of the causes
that produce tuberculosis, and we want
to learn the best way to bring about
cures. Here, too, an ounce of prevention
is worth a pound of cure. We know ex
actly how to prevent tuberculosis, which
is most Important; but we want also to
know how to successfully heal those who
are afflicted.
Some Vital Questions.
"One of the vital questions that we
shall likely consider at Atlantic City is:
How to introduce the methods of preven
tion Into the homes of the poor? Tuber
culosis Is so exceedingly prevalent that
some method must be- found by which
the large number of people . must hfi
reached in their homes. Tuberculosis will
run through an entire family, unless It is
checked.
"Another vital question to be consid
ered is: What shall we .do with poor
consumptives after they have gone
through the sanitariums? The answer Is.
Establish farms where they can earn
their living. A sanitarium cannot main
tain people for five or six years. There
must be other places provided where the
poor patients can support themselves.
"Fifty per cent of the work done in a
sanitarium is lost, because there Is no
place for the patient to go to after leav
ing the institution.
"Here is a splendid chance for some of
our rich men to establish such a place,
which I am sure can be made pelf-supporting
and pay Interest on the invest
ment" FRANCIS LEON CHRIS MAN.
His Favorite Subject.
"Doesn't your father ever talk to you
about bis Maker?" asked the Sunday
school teacher.
"I guess be does," replied little Albert
"Pa claims he's a self-made man." Chi
cago Record-Herald.
THE GOVERNMET FORESTRY EXHIBIT
What It Comprises and How Arranged at the St. Louis Fair.
What gives particular local laterest
to the following article Is the fact
that this exhibit, or the beat portions
of It, will form a part ot the Covera
xnent'a share is the Uewls asd Clark
Exposition of 3905,
THE Bureau of Forestry of the United
Stales Department of Agriculture
has prepared for the Louisiana Pur
chase Exposition the most extensive dls?
play it has ever madei The purpose Is
both to illustrate the work which the bu
reau is doing and to show actual forest
conditions in all parts of the country. The
visitor will -see there the most impressive
evidence of what practical forestry is, and
also Its great present and future impor
tance as a means of promoting the Na
tional welfare. Lumbering ranks fourth
among the industries of the country, and
Jt is a matter of hopeful promise for the
permanence of the industry and for the
cause of forestry that lumbermen are
adopting conservative forest management
in their lumber operations. That agricul
ture. Incomparably the most Important of
our National sources of wealth, also de
pends in no small degree oa forestry, is
not however, so well understood- Under
Intensive methods of farming, and with
the enlargement of the cultivable area
made possible by irrigation, this depend
ence will become increasingly close. Min
ing an4 grazing, too, materially depend
on forestry, for mines demand cheap apd
abundant timber, and the fprage which
feeds most of the Western stock is one
of the important indirect products which
under proper restrictions, the forest may
be made to yield. All of these relationships
are strikingly displayed ip the forestry
exhibit at St Louis.
Photographic Transparencies.
The space allotted to the- Bureau of For
estry is In two different though not widely
separated parts of the Fair grounds. An
Indoor exhibit Is located Jn the Forestry,
Fish and Game building, In which Is cen
tered also an exhibition of the lumber in?
dustry of tho United States. A striking
and complete collection of photographic
transparencies illustrate forest conditions
and problems as they are encountered by
the bureau. Typical, single trees and for
ests, the cutting or harvesting of forests
and their renewal by natural reproduc
tion, forest planting in treeless regions or
where forests have been destroyed, and
damage by fire, insects, over-grazing, etc.,
are shown more clearly. Nearly all of the
transparencies are of large size, some of
them 4 by 5 feet They are arranged to be
ODDITIES FROM VARIOUS SOURCES
How Gold Sweats.
THESE millions will sweat them
I selves away considerably In the
hold of the ship," said a mint official
as he superintended the stowing of one
of the recent exports of gold.
"Gold sweats," . he resumed, "and it
sweats particularly hard at sea. When
this gold reaches the other side it will
be a litye lighter than it is now. If
an experienced hand should weigh It
oVer there, he would say that some of it
had been stolen. It won't be handled in
Europe by the inexperienced, though. It
will be handled by men who will know
Just what allowance to make for sweat
"Gold sweat the phrase has an at
tractive sound, eh? If you and I could
sneak down into this ship's bold each
day of the coming voyage; if we could
gather up the sweat from the gold be
fore it evaporated apd was lost would
that be stealing?
"Well, anyway, gold doesn't sweat vis
ibly. It's sweat is impalpable and you
can't collect it Attrition is the name
given to it by scientists.'
Inscriptions on Persian Rugs.
ifjSEE that Professor Gotthell, of Col
1 umbla University, has sued Charles
T. Yerkes for $300 his fee for the trans
lation of the inscription on one of Mr.
Yerke's prayer rugs. That Is a big fee
tp ask for the translation of a single
sentence. Still, I hope that the professor
gets his money."
As he spoke, the Armenian rug doctor
darned a Bokhara rug. He did not use in
this work new yarn; he used what was
many more times more costly yarn 60
or 60 years old. Expert rug doctors al
ways use old yarn In darning; for these,
with their soft and silky hues, match
best the old rugs that they repair.
"I have seen inscriptions on Persian
rugs." said the Armonlan, "that I
wouldn't translate for $3000." He
chuckled. "They are odd chaps, some
of the rug weavers. They have a sense
of humor. When they know that a rug
Is to be shipped to America, where prac
tically nobody understands Persian, they
weave a little joke Into the design some
times. "A Pittsburg millionaire ordered
through pur firm a Daghestan rug for his
hallway. He specified every detail of the
design and the colors. The weaver In
Daghestan made the rug' to his measure,
as It were. But this weaver, being an
artist, did not Jlke the millionaire's taste,
and he wove in a lozenge near the top;
" 'So hideous Is- this rug that it3 weaver
will not sign his name to it, as is the
custom. A curse on the Western bar
barian of Pittsburg who compels an
artist to debase his art'
"The Pittsburg millionaire wanted us
to translate, that inscription,.", said the
Armenian, "but we pretended that we
knew no Persian. '
"Some of the Persian rugs sent to
America have poetical inscriptions. I
sold one- yesterday that said:
" 'May a young girl possess me, and
may she keep her beauty longer than I
keep mine,'
"Last week, a lawyer bought a beautiful
Tabriz rug from us. He didn't know that
It was inscribed:
" 'This rug for a liar and thief, a pig
of the West a drunkard, a robber of
orphans and widows, a coward."
"If you understand Persian," con?
eluded the Armenian, "you would often
find on your rich friends' floors reading
as amusing as a comic paper.'
A Reader of Souls.
t HAVE a measuring tape wherewith
I I can measure a novelist's soul,"
said a student of psychology. "A novel
ist according to my way of thinking,
puts only himself in his books. Each of
his men and women Is a part of himself,
a facet of his own character. Thus it
follows that the people he treats of most
are the people most like himself If he
treats roost of cowards, he Is a coward,
and so on.
"That is my measuring tape, and If
you apply It to dead novelists, with
whose lives literary history has made
you familiar, you find that It measures
accurately.
"Take, for Instance, Dickens. Dickens,
with his Pickwicks and Wellers, wrote
most about people that drank too much.
In the novels of Dickens they are al
ways brewing bowls of punch, drinking
hot brandy "and water, attacking pineap
ple rum. Hence the conclusion that
Dickens himself drank too much. Well,
seen from the inside of an arcade illumi
nated by natural light "with Eastern and
Western forest scenes shown on opposite
walls. This series is supplemented by a
collection -of large, colored bromide -photography
framed in the panels of tho bal
ustrade which surrounds the exhibit space.
On the floor between the balustrade and
the arcade are cases which display some
specially Jmportant phases of the bu
reau's investigations, together with a col
lection of all the Instruments used In for
est work, the publications of the bureau,
etc. Of particular interest is a large case
containing longleaf pine trunks which
show the advantages ot the, new system
of turpentining promoted by the bureau
and the disadvantages and Injurious ef
fects of the old system of boxing. Two
other cases exhibit insects and examples
of their destructive work. The method of
determining the strength of commercial
umbers Is shown hy a testing machine,
while the results of tests are shown by
charts and tested timbers. There is also
a large collection of timbers, both from
the United States and Europe, treated by
different preservative processes to. show
the manner of increasing the llfo of va
rious construction timbers. Several speci
mens are shown ot building and other tim
bers which have been in use for 30 years
or more.
Fine Relief. Map.
One of the special features of tho ex
hibit Is a relief map of the United States
cast upon a section of a sphere 15 feet
In diameter. By using this type of map
the geographical distortion Inevitable in
flat maps is avoided, and the real rela
tionship of the various parts ot the coun
try and ,their actual' position on the globe
are correctly shown. The distribution
and character of the forests of the coun
try arc shown in different colors, as are
the location and extent- of National and
state forest reserves. The forests man
aged according to working plans prepared
by the bureau and lands upon which plan
tations have been instituted under bureau
planting plans are also indicated by -special
symbols. The situation of forest
schpols and other institutions which afford
training in forestry Is shown on the map.
On another relief map are shown the loca
tion of the proposed Appalachian forest
reserve, the extent and character of for
est and other lands included, and the rela
tion of the reserve to the surrounding
country.
Outdoor Exhibit.
The outdoor exhibit of the bureau 13 on
a tract of Zhz acres situated about 300
yards southwest ot the Forestry, Fish and
Game building. Here are displayed, on and
about a model farm, forest plantations
suited to every part of the United States,
practical forest nurseries, and the best
forms of windbreaks whleh are so impor
there Is abundant proof that this con
clusion is true.
. "Take Guy de Maupassant He liked
best to manipulate characters of the
'Bel Ami' type atrocious libertines. Tol
stoi is our proof that Maupassant was
like his writings. Read Tolstoi's essay on
him read what Turguenev murmured as
he loaned' Tolstoi one of Maupassant's
books.
"Take George Gissing. He wrote in
the main of intelligent young men and
women, who, with luxurious tastes, suf
fered in the grip of the Ignoblest poverty.
Well, Intelligence, luxurious tastes and
Ignoble poverty composed nearly all Gis".
sing's life. Zangwill tells us that
"Having proved by means of the dead
that our measuring tape works accu
rately, we might apply this gauge to the
novelists still alive to Thomas Hardy,
George Meredith, Conan Doyle, Kipling,
Davis, Cyrus T. Brady. It is not polite,
though, to discuss a writer's personality
till after his deatfi."
Does Meat Spoil the Disposition?
A BUTCHER claims that meat eating
Is responsible" for most of the bad
temper that exists in the world.
"Who are the heaviest meat eaters?"
he said. "The English. And who have
the- worst dispositions? Why, the Eng
lish Everybody knows that,
"Go to England, and they'll give you
nothing fit to eat but meat Morning,
noon and night they'll set before you
the best meat In the world: but no vege
tables to speak of: no desserts, no en
trees; meat only-
"The consequence of all this meat eat
ing is that the red-faced Englishman is
worse than a bear to have around the
house.
"If you go to" France you don't get
much meat The French like fruit vege
tables, salads, a little fish and a little
chicken. I'd venture to. say that an Eng
lishman eats more meat in a day than a
Frenchman does in a week.
"What effect on his disposition does
the Frenchman's les3 gross food have?
A good effect. The French are polite.
The world over they are noted for their
politeness and good humor.
"But the Japs prove my point best The
mass of the Japanese people live on rice
and fruit and sweetmeats and fish, They
dont touch meat from one year'3 end to
another. And their temperance and deli
cacy at table give them the best dispo
sitions in the world. On the streets of
Japan there Is never any fighting or
quarreling. You never -see a disturbance
of any kind among that people. Toler
ance, courtesy, high-bred and ceremon
ious manners are as prevalent in Japan
as grumbling in England."
"What Is the philosophy of all this?
Why, simply that meat is a stimulant
like beer, and that, after tho brief, happy
effect of this stimulant has worn off, there
comes a long effect of Ill-humor and ir
ritability. -AH heavy xpeateaters have
bad dispositions, because they are always
suffering from their food's aftermath
because they are always, so to speak,
getting over a spree.
"This holds good, too, among animals.
Lions, tigers, leopards and the rest of the
carnlvora are fierce and treacherous and
mean. The herbivora elephants, ante
lopes, camels are good-tempered, mild
creatures.
Germs In Books.
TT CHARITABLE woman carried an
r armload of old books to a hospital.
"For tho patient3," she said. "Reading
matter for the patients."
But the young man in white frowned,
shook, bis head and handed the books
back.
"Thanks," ho said, "but we can't re
ceive them-"
"Why not?"
"Because they're bound. Old books, to
be receieved here, must be unbound."
"Huh?"
" "Old books must be unbound. We can
disinfect books with dry heat but bound
books we can't disinfect in that manner.
We have experimented; we' have worked
the thing out Old books are dangerous.
The streptococcus and the pneumococcus
breed In them, also the germ of diph
theria. Now, It these books are unbound,
It is an easy matter to kill with dry beat
the disease germs they contain; but if
they are bound, dry heat won't touch
their germs at all."
"I see," said the woman.
"There Is not a bound book In this
hospital," pursued the youth In white.
"Search our wards from end to end, and
you will find paper-backed volumes only.
tant lop protection of the Western farse?
ers crops and buildings. The co-operative
work qf the bureau in th.13 direction hits
been very successful, and this exhibit 13
certain to attract much interest among
visitors from the regions In which forest
planting has proved its usefulness hotH
for protection and as a means of provld-j
Ing local supplies of fuel apd. timber. Duti
ng the past five years plans for such
planting have been Put in operation under
the direction of the Bureau of Forestry on
210 Western farms. The model farm repre
sented comprises a quarter pf a section. ,
of prairie land laid, out on a scale- one?
tenth the actual linear measurements, tp
show a model plan for planting trees uj
a treeless country- Forty-seven forest
blocks surrounding this area illustrate pure
forestry plantations and various methods
ot mixing tree species. In each of these
blocks the trees are given the actual in?
tervals recommended for planting In the,
different regions to which tho Illustra
tions apply Methods ot growing nurs
ery stock from cuttings, transplants arid
from seeds are fully illustrated, as are the
various styles qf screens used for shading
coniferous tree seedlings. The cultivation,
of four varieties of basket willow Is also
an interesting; feature of the outdoor ex
hlblt Fields, farmsteads, etc, are lajd
off with growing trees planted along, the
fence lines and about the hopie. lot.
Preserving Timbere.
In addition to the displays described,
the Bureau of Forestry will co-operate
with the Department of Mines and Metal
lurgy In a series of comparative tests re?
Iatlng to the best methods of preserving
timbers. For this purpose a complete
experimental treating plant, consisting of
a small cylinder, vacuum and pressure
pumps, and tanks for holding the pre?
seryatlve solutions will be In operation op
the outdoor tract of "the Department of
Mines and Metallurgy. Other plants will
show the application of the Giussanl and
Ruping processes. It Is expected that
one or more runs will dally be made, when
ties and timbers from all parts of the
United States will be treated. Close to
these experimental plants will be found a
cylinder whose operation illustrates the
hest methods of Increasing the longevity
of fence posts. In a separate building pear
the treating plants several testing ma
chines will be operated by the Bureau of
Forestry for the purpose of determining
the strength of different timbers treated
by various preservative processes.
The greatest effort has been made in
tho preparation of the Government forest
exhibit to give as complete an exposition
as possible of the purposes and work of
the bureau. Tho result, It Is hoped, will
be peculiarly interesting and instructive
tp that vast body of citizens whose ma
terial welfare is so intimately connected
with the adoption of practical forestry.
Do you, by the way, ever buy second
hand books "
"Sometimes," she admitted.
"Then take my advice, and only buy
unbound ones. And bake them bake
them in the oven as soon as you get them
home. Otherwise it Is hard to say what
disease you may not contract from them."
The woman frowned. "Oh, I don't be
lieve all the genp talk I hear," she said,
and with a grunt of contempt she took
up her rejected books and departed.
A New Freckle Remover.
y71 SMALL sheet of emery paper,
a said the young girl.
The" clerk handed her the emery paper,
and after she was gone he said:
"Every now and then she buys a sheet
of emery paper. She removes freckles
with it."
"Freckles, eh?" said the proprietor.
"How does she do that?"
"Rubs them off," replied the clerk. "She
described the process to me the last time
she was Jn. She said she never freckled
anywhere but on the end of her nose.
Whenever she is out in a high wind or in
a glaring sun there appears on her nose a
single big brown freckle. This she hates;
sho considers it a disfigurement And to
get rid of it she rubs it oft with a piece
of emery."
"Doesn't it hurt? Doesn't it bleed?"
said the proprietor.
"It hardly hurts or bleeds at alL It
merely abrases the skin a little. The end
of her nose burns and smarts for about
a day. Then it is as well as ever, and
the freckle Is gone, leaving no scar."
"Well, well," said the proprietor.
"Strange creatures glrl are. Imagine you
or me scraping our noses with emery
paper to get rid of a freckle."
Pronunciation of Niagara.
pVERYBODY pronounces Niagara
L wrong," said a philologist "Tho
accent of this beautiful Indian word
should not bo put on the syllable 'ag,'
but on the syllable ar' the penult the
one before the last
"Niagara means 'Hark to the thunder
Its accent should fall on the penult be
cause the Indians themselves accent It
there, because in practically all our In
dian names of places the penult is the ac
cented syllable. Think of the Indian
names you know. Don't you accent near
ly all of them on the syllable before tho
last? There are, for instance, Toronto, -Mississippi;
Alleghany, Appalachlcola,
Narragansett, Tuscaloosa, Saratoga, Tl
conderoga, Oswego, Conshohocken, Wls
sahlckon and Hochelaga. In all these
names the accent Is on the penult.
"Niagara is a Huron word, and, if you
can find a Huron, you will find that he
accents It as he does Saratoga or Tusca
loosa. I don't know how we have fallen
Into the habit of accenting It wrong."
Banbury Cakes.
THE fashionable pastry cook, pointed
to a round cake, about four inches.
In diameter and an inch thick. It was
made ot pastry, and it was filled with
currants.
"A Banbury cake," he said. "The kind
they make in the English town of Ban
bury. I am Introducing them here, and
I hope that they will become popular.
"These cakes have kept Banbury fa
mous for 300 years. Ben Jonson, as far
back as 1614, wrote in one of his plays
about 'a Banbury man, who was a baker
but he does dream now, and see visions:
he has given over his trade, out of a
scruple he took that in spiced conscience,
those Banbury cakes he made were served
to bridals, maypoles, morrises and such
profane, feasts and meetings.'
"Samuel Beesley was the great Banbury
cakebaker of the last century. In one
year he sold 139,500 twopenny cakes. From
one ot Beesley's descendants I got his
recipe, and the Banbury cakes that I sell
in America are the same as you would
get if you went all the way to Banbury
for them."
Love Among the Spiders.
KJ. SPIDER'S love for her children is
pretty strong," said a. biologist
"Take her children away from her and
she will remember them for 20 hours."
"How do you know?"
"I have often made the experiment Al
ways, at the end of 10, 12. 20 hours, a
spider mother welcomes back the young
that you have removed from her. After
a full day has passed, though, she forgets.
Keep her little ones aWay from her a full
day, and they are strangers to her on
their return. She Is liable to eat them.
"Her marital Is stronger than her ma
ternal love. Take her husband from her,
and she will mourn him faithfully a day
and a half."
tfrni n IfollitiiThi -i it .