M
last! I had to pay the Indians more i
XKAVELSS GUIDE.
THE PALATIAL
nam buildin
M'LOUGHLIN AD OLD CTREGON
CONTINUATION OF MRS. EVA EMERY DYE'S' CHRONICLE
THE SUNDAY OKEGONIAN,,- P0BTLA3TD, MAY, 22, 190-1.
XXXIX. ,
The Whitman Massacre.
1S47.
STILL the procession -was on. the plains.
Still echoed the crack of the ox-whip
and the (iaptaln's call "Close up! close
up! "Why don't you keep close together?
The Indians could kill all In the forward
wagons before you'd know it, and then
come back and scalp the last one of you
fellows here behind."
In the morning they milked the cows
and put the milk in the churns. Up hill
and down dale they went, Jlggety-Joff, all
day Ion?, until at night the butter was
come.
And the Indians on the plains? At first
they watched the invading whites. Still
there were buffalo, still they were rich.
But scant and scanter grew the pastures'
under the tread of Immigrant cattle. Far
ther and farther retreated the buffalo. The
timber by the streams disappeared. Bare
and more barren grew 'the land. Unrest,
distrust, collisions came. The Indians on
the plains began to scalp the invading
whites. More and more the march from
the Black Hills to the Dalles became a
rout, a retreat, a flight from pursuing
famine. The measureless plains stretched
under the brazen sun. The stony moun
tains, the grandest and most desolate on
the continent, rimmed in tho distant sky.
The sand scorched, the dust suffocated,
the wagons went to pieces. Furniture
was thrown overboard; claw-footed tables
and carved oak bureaus, the relics of an
ancestral time, were left to warp in the
prairie sun. Sentinel wolves lay In wait
to devour the lagging cattle; Indians hov
ered in front and rear and ambuscade.
Killed by Pawnees, plundered by Daco
tahs, scalped by Sioux, compelled by Chey-
ennes to pay tribute for passing through
their country, corralled by Blackfeet,
crossing the battleground of hostile
Snakes, still on the immigrant pressed
with the same restless spirit that inun
dated Europe and broke up the Roman
Empire. The migration of. races ebbs and
flows live the waves of' the sea. What if
men's hearts died and women wept by the
roadsides? the tide swept on. Fever and
I cholera and Indian arrows decimated their
ranks. The road to Oregon was strewn
ith graves. Some burled their loved ones
Iat dead of night in the middle of the road,
that no red man might discover and dese
crate the tomb.
Guided at last Into the Grand Bonde by
lltman's beacon, "the fiery banner of
I friendship," "the pillar of smoke by day
and tho pillar of fire by night," tho weary
Immigrants for the first time In months
fell asleep without a guard, leaving their
ittle to feed at will.
Five Crows camped close beside the trail.
lere and there he peered Into the wagons.
jffering, offering everywhere horses and
robes and blankets to buy a -white wife.
Lpd others besides Five Crows were look
ing for wives. Spruce young settlers
Iressed In their best, gray-beard widow
ers and grizzly hunters all went out to
look for wives.
Immigration broke up the peaceful life
it Whitman's mission. The Indians grew
excited and distrustful. "I have been over
the Willamette Valley.' said an old
chief. "The Bostons are as many as the
sands of the beach. If something Is not
lone they will overwhelm the whole coun
ty."
Past the open prairies of Illinois, past
Iowa In her primeval verdure, past the
Itnerlcan Desert that since has blossomed
flke the rose, five thousand people came
n the Autumn of 1S47. Happily the gran
ules of Oregon were packed with wheat-
thousands of bushels -without a market
Che lands of the Cayuses lav directly In
the path of Immigration. They realized
others could not the Impending dancer
)f annihilation.
Mrs. Whitman wrote to her mother:
fThe poor Indians are amazed at the
averwhelming numbers of Americans com
ing Into the country. They seem not to
;ow what to make of it. Husband is
rearing out fast; his heart and hands are
bo full all the time that his brethren feel
solicitous about him. His benevolence Is
jnbounded. and he often goes to the ex
tent of his ability and beyond In doing
aod to Indians and white men."
Over In the Valley the Willamette In-
llans shrank back and back as the set
tlers staked their ancestral pastures Into
farms. Their faces assumed an habitual
look of grief nd sorrow. There were some
alllslons.
Pay me for my land." cried a Wlllam-
tte chieftain.
The settlers went on and built their
iblns. giving Elight heed to "those ras-
lly Injuns."
'Pay mo for my land." demanded the
fchleftaln.
He kept up such a disturbance that the
people sent for Governor Abernethy.
-just wait a little." said the Governor.
Joothingly "A chief will come out from
Washington to pay you for your land."
"When?" demanded the Indian chief.
"With the immigrants some time this
ill. answered the Governor.
"So you said before," retorted the chief.
rushing the grass with his haughty
tride. "Wait. wait. wait. This Fall, this
rail, and this Fall. We are dying. "We
hall soon bo gone. Our game is gone.
-ur camas gone, you take our land, but
re gee no par, no rooa, no blankets."
There was friction from the Willamette
the walla walla. in fact from St
Joe to the Pacific the Indians began to
:ok upon the immigrant as lawful prey.
"Why don't Government protect us?"
tried the Immigrants.
"Why don't they build that line of posts
guard these citizens of our country?"
janed whitman.
"Oh, they are fiddling still at the nigger
lngs," sang a careless happy-go-luckr.
Only slave states are favored now."
So one great National question eclipsed
lother.
There was a fracas when the first wag-
is reached the Dalles. One Immigrant
raa killed and two wounded. A chief and
Bveral followers fell. Governor Aber-
lethy hurried up there.
"The Indians steal our horses," said the
ilgranta. "They insult and annoF us
every way."
"The white men destroy our pastures,"
steered the Indians. "They have driven
11 the game from this part of the coun--v."
The Governor settled the matter. He
aa scarcely reached home when news of
second outrank reached h! .
"Why don't tho Government come to
xc aid?" cried all the dlstr!fifrl nAnnlA
An Indian war may break upon us."
Up In tne mountains Dr. Whitman had
sawmill. The Cayuscs did not love toll.
iey were a naughty race of herders; yet
en me cayuses had kept to work until
tey had fenced their little farms. But
1W they frowned and thrxp rtotrn tViMr
lols.
rhere Was sickness In ih ImTnlirrattnn
i 1W7. the sickness of moving bodies sub-
si io privation and exposure, mountain
er, aysentery and measles.
he measles Is an nir!rrn.vt!nr riUf?uin
en to the whites in thoir iri irma n
a East, very aggravating Indeed to Im-
iiiiu; Bui io mmans it is death.
ey tried the traditional cnnt.hti
jump into the river. Day and night Dr.
niiman visuec their lodges, warning and
iwung. out tne moment he turned bis
cXmoanlng and groaning In the height
fever, they jumped Into the cold Walla
alia, to pop up dead.
&e tew-ats' tho teir.atsV' frtiu k i
1. "The C5rP.1t SnIWf- c nnr..- vn...
have discarded the tew-ats." The tew-
I Came, but the Kirk nnne Hto1
rOocf Wnlfn." said Tamsucky. "In-
m y u .u raeaicine men. They say
e big one first, take you."
tr. Whitman went over t th trnifn
la Valley to consult wjth Dr. McLough-
ive at once." entreated th Anntnr-
Cayuse chieftain never Jests."
i cannot leave," said Dr. Whit
man. "My house is full of sick immi
grants. I cannot leave. Besides, 'the
nireling fleeth because ne Is an hireling.' "
All the way back Dr. Whitman met the
plundered immigrants. They noted his
careworn, anxious look. War hung in the
air.
Tom McKay and bis Canadians were
driving cattle up the river to Fort Col
vile when the measles overtook him at
Fort Walla Walla. He sent for Dr. Whit
man. "I am worried about you. Doctor," said
Tom. "The Indians think you are the
cause of their sickness. And now since
the Catholic priests are come the In
dians want you to move away and let the
Black Gowns open a mission.
"I know It" answered Dr. Whitman,
groaning In spirit "My poor Cayuses are
distracted by their troubles. And the large
number of whites stopping at the mission
Increases thfclr suspicion. But what can
I do? I cannot turn the poor Immigrants
sick and Impoverished away. Can you not
come and spend the Winter with me,
Tom?"
"I cannot Doctor," answered the sick
man. "But you must leave the Cayuses."
Pio-plo-mox-mox came up from Cali
fornia in October with heart still sore.
Elijah was still unavenged. But what Is
this? His warriors fall sick around him.
Death, plague, contagion lurks on every
passing breeze. In every lodge the wall Is
heard, and yet the immigrants are pour
ing over the mountain's.
The Immigrants had warning. Far out
on the foothills there came a letter from
Dr. Whitman, "Make haste, the Indians
are rising. Keep close together and under
arms." So into the Oregon Country came
the worn-out immigrants of 1847.
"Be careful." said Dr. Whitman. "I
fear there will be trouble. Do not provoke
the savages." So with bated breath they
endured every insult and pushed on into
the valley.
"Shall we arm?" asked Mrs. Whitman.
"I have not a charge of powder In the
house," answered the doctor.
Tom Hill was not there; he remained
with Fremont in California;. Dorlon was
not there, but the seed of their sedition
was growing in the hearts of the fright
ened Cayuses. "Let us go to war," said
Chief Tlloukalkt in the Indian council.
"War not" said Plo-pio-mox-mox. "The
Americans fight like eagles. I have seen
them In California. You will all be killed."
"Dr. Whitman does this," said Jo Lewis,"
a half-breed renegade, who came that
Autumn sick and starving with the Immi
grants. Dr. Whitman took him in. doc
tored, fed and clothed him, and gave him
work. He heard the whisper of discon
tent; his evil nature delighted to swell
and spread it It puffed his pride to see
the eager Indians hanging on his word.
"Tes." said Jo Lewis, lir the Indian
council. "Dr. Whitman has been writing
for two years to his friends in the East
for poison to kill off the Cayuses. It has
Just come. When I was lying sick in the
doctor's room I heard them talking."
"That must be so," chimed in Nick Fin
ley, another half-breed. "One hundred and
ninety-seven Indians have died already."
"He wants to get your beautiful spotted
horses," added Jo Stanfield, a third half
breed. "In a lodge on the Umatilla the con
spirators whispered not with Tauitau,
Five Crows and Plo-pio-mox-mox. "They
woyld betray us." said the half-breeds.
"I am a Cherokee." said Jo Lewis. "A
few missionaries came, then thousands of
Americans came, and drove us away from
our country."
"That is what the Delaware said," cho
rused the Indians.
"Yes. yes. yes; so they do always," add
ed Jo Lewis. "Dr. Whitman writes to tho
Americans that this Is a vast country
with healthy -climate, rich soil and bands
of horses Now. see how they come and
bring the poison. Did not Jason Lee kill
off the Wlllamettes? Who gave the small
pox to the Blackfeet? "
Tamahas snatched his battle-ax. "If this
be true" said Tlloukalkt
"Of course It Is true. The priest said
so. said Jo Lewis, as ready to lie about
the priest as about Dr. Whitman.
"My wife is sick." said Tamsucky. "Let
him give her medicine, and If she dies"
the death-wail in a neighboring lodge
ended the conclave.
Over at Lapwal Mr. Spalding's little
daughter was 10 years old.
"Elize talks Nez Perces like an Indian."
said Mrs. Spalding. "Let us send her to
Waillatpu, where there are more people."
Eliza, mounted before her father-, rode
owr the trails that terraced the hillsides
Behind them followed a dozen packhorses
laden with grain to be ground at the doc
tor s new gristmill. Half-way between
Fort Walla Walla and the mission la?
the camp of Pio-plo-mox-mox. Mr. Spald
ing stopped to rest with the friendly
chief. As he sat on the buffalo run a
Cayuse lifted the door-curtain. "Is Dr
Whitman killed?" he asked.
That night the niece of Plo-pio-mox-mox
died. They burled her at Fort WTalIa
Walla In the morning.
"My heart shall ever be with the Amer
icana." said Plo-pio-mox-mox, grasping
Spalding's hand as he set out for the
funeral.
Seventy-five souls were sheltered under
the roof of, Whitman's mission orphans
and sick Immigrants, who had found hero
an asylum for the Winter. Day and night
like an angel of mercy. Mrs. Whitman
passed from couch to couch. Her face
was thin and her cheeks white with long
and Incessant watcbings and labors with
the sick.
"Doctor, I have my doubts," said
Spalding, "about your turning your house
Into a hospital."
"I have no doubts about If answered
the doctor. "Looking after the Immi
grants is a part of my mission. That's
what I'm here for."
"I hear that the priests are going to
open a mission near you." said Spalding.
l J2?w iu" swered the Irritated doc
tor. They want to buy this mission."
ust En a messenger reined up at the
? . !re ta s,cfeness at the lodges
L.Flve Crows and Tauitau," ho said.
"They want you."
"I JrW..com" sald Dr- "Whitman. It
was 30 miles to the Umatilla.
"I will go with you." said Spalding
They set off about sundown, and rode all
night in a heavy rain. The Indian cocks
were crowing when, drenched and chill
they reached the lodge of Stlccas In a
low ravine. Stlccas spread fresh blankets
and piled fuel on the lodge-fire. The mis
sionaries lay down nnd slept till dawn.
The morning hymn of worship broke
their slumbers. There was an appetizing
breakfast of potatoes, squash, fresh beef
and wheat-bread baked by Stlccas' wife
taught by Mrs. Whitman. There was
deathly silence In the lodge and In the
village After breakfast Dr. Whitman went
over the Umatilla to the lodge of Fiva
Crows and Tauitau. As he rode the red
men peeped and whispered:
"Bad Medicine."
"Kills our people."
"Takes our lands."
"We ought to avenge Elijah."
"Black Gowns better teachers."
Mr. Spalding preached to the Indians at
the lodge of Stlccas. At 4 o'clock Dr.
Whitman returned, pale and weary, "i
met the bishop and two priests at Taul
tau's house," he said. "They invited me
to tea, but I had not the heart to par
take. They want to buy my mission." He
dropped his head In thought It was very
hard for Dr. Whitman to give up his be
loved mission, and particularly to rivals.
"I told them to come over Tuesday," he
resumed, absently. "Now I must go."
"Not tonight" said Stlccas.
"Oh. yes: there are many sick, and I
am needed." . So at sundown- the good
horse of Dr. Whitman bore him over the
hills homeward. He was weary and dis
heartened. HOW Still It TVUS! HOW dIm?Q
the village dirges on the November night
wind! Tamsucky's wife was. dead.
As the horse's hoofs died away Stlccas
sat on the buffalo rug "before the fire and
shook his head. Days before he had said
to Dr. Whitman, "My people have decreed
against you." The doctor made no reply.
Tonight he said to Spalding: "My people
have decreed against the whites," but not
another word would tHe old man say.
Throwing himself upon his couch of
skins, the missionary could not sleep. He
felt apprehensive for that lone rider In the
night On either side of him an Indian
woman rocked to and fro and chanted the
death song. "For whom do you mourn,
good woman?" he asked. But they made
no answer. Only the depressing death
wall broke the silence.
Two days later Mr. Spalding turned to
Waillatpu. An old Indian woman put her
hand on his horse's mane and whispered:
"Go not to Waillatpu. Look out for the
people there. They are bad people."
"But I must go, good mother; my child
is there."
Fear made him fleet The very air whis
pered. Across the Walla Walla he met a
horseman coming to meet him. It was
the priest who was to visit that day at
Waillatpu. Riding ahead of the Interpre
ter and the son of Tlloukalkt who were
lighting their pipes, he motioned to Mr.
Spalding.
Apprehensive of evil, "What Is the
news?" he asked.
"Dr. Whitman Is dead," answered tho
priest
"Mrs. Whitman r
"Dead also. Killed by the Indians."
"And my child?"
"Is safe with the captives. Escape! es
cape!" as he saw the. Interpreter and the
son of Tlloukalkt approaching. "Here Is
my wallet there Is bread In It Go!"
"But where shall I go?" was Spalding's
despairing cry.
"I know not You know the country
better than I. All that I know Is that the
Indians say the order to kill Americans
has been sent In all directions." Dazed,
stunned, the missionary took the bread
and turned Into a bank of fog. jost as
the Interpreter and the son of Tlloukalkt
approached Father Brouillet
Over the sugar-loaf barren hills a mes
senger came riding post to Lapwal. He
dashed through the mission flower beds,
crushing the bachelor's buttons withhis
moccasins as he passed. An Indian never
knocks. He sets his gun outside, lifts the
latch, enters edgewise, shakes hands and
sits upon the floor. This messenger did
not shake hands, did not sit down; he
sidled along the wall of the schoolroom
to the fireplace. Mrs. Spalding was teach
ing a class. Besting his elbow on the
mantel, he clutched his fingers In his
tangled locks and looked at her. There
was excitement and glitter In his eye.
Mrs. Spalding felt nervous. She sent the
children out of the room. "What news?"
she asked in the Nez Perces tongue.
"Docf Whlt'n" killed. All killed. Injun
coming. Hurry." The runner sidled out
of the room, strode over the flowers,
dashed over the sugar-loaf barren hills
and out of sight
Although naturally nervous, Mrs. Spald
ing was very wise, very quiet, and In an
emergency calm. She turnod to her as
sistant: "What shall we do?"
"Escape as quickly as possible," he an
swered. "No," said Mrs. Spalding, "we will
throw ourselves upon the sympathy and
protection of our Indians. Call Jacob and
Eagle."
The two friendly chiefs were close, by
They took Mrs. Spalding and her children
to their camp Scarcely had they gone
when a troop came tearing over the hills,
led by their own Chief Joseph, the Nez
Perce. The house was ransacked, beds and
bedding were stripped and taken away.
Every drawer was opened, and the pre
cious little keepsakes, brought from home,
were taken and divided among the pil
lagers. "Chief Joseph!" exclaimed Mrs. Spald
ing, In amazement "I cannot think it
We trusted him more than any other.
His conduct has been most exemplary
Alas, Indeed, I am confused! The more
we know our Indians the less we know
them."
Half crazed, worn and torn, on foot up
the River Touchet (Tooshay). in six days
Mr. Spalding reached Chief Timothy's
camp. He listened. His Nez Perces were
calling his name in prayer. It gave him
hope. He entered. His Indians leaped
with Joy, and bore him to his wife, safe
in the care of Jacob and Eagle. But his
daughter?
There were dead people lying all around
at Waillatpu. Narcissa Whitman's fair
hair floated In blood. A few escaped; tho
women and children were captives; the
rest, fifteen or more, were dead. There
was a smell of blood and powder In the
air. the -windows were broken, the mis
sion plundered.
"Mamma, mamma!" cried the parched
lips of little Helen Mar Meek, sick with
the measles. But mamma could come no
more, and the sweet child died of neg
lect Narcissa, the snowy Joan, led all the
host of women to the conquest of the
West, an Innumerable train that Is fol
lowing yet to this day. The snowy Joan
led her hosts; and, at Inst, like Joan of
old, she awended to God with the crown
of a martyr.
Pio-plo-mox-mox sat in his lodge.
Again the Cayuse lifted the door curtain.
"Docf Whlt'n is killed."
Pio-plo-mox-mox sat very quiet while
the voluble young man ran over that day
of horrors.
"What part had you in It?" Inquired
the chief, fixing his Egyptian eye upon tho
herald. Proud of his exploits. Intent only
on making them great as possible, the
runner said: "Me? I wounded one, I
struck one, and I killed one."
"Take that young man and hang him
to the nearest tree," cried Pio-plo-mox-mox,
In a tone of thunder.
The attendants seized the boaster, and
before he realized It was not a Jest the
noose tightened about his neck. In a
few moments a corpse dangled from the
boughs of a rugged old cottonwood.
Five Crows heard the awful tele. Then
he rode over to the mission. There was
a beautiful girl there, a young school
teacher, with eyes like Mrs. Mhltman's.
She was Just from the East and sick
with a fever. Her rose-and-llly beauty
captured the heart of the savage who
had tried so long to buy a white wife.
They dragged her shrieking to his lodge.
The rest were distributed among the
Indians.
McKlnley had removed to another post
The new man In charge at Fort Walla
Walla seemed afraid to assist the Ameri
cans In this time of trouble. He turned
away the few fleeing fugitives that
struggled to his door. He did, however,
dispatch a messenger to Fort Vancouver.
The thunderbolt had fallen. Douglas
at once sent word to Governor Aber
nethy at Oregon City. Chief Factor Og
den sent out the same day with 16 armed
Canadians, In December snow and rain,
up the inclement Columbia to ransom
the captives.
The Colonial Legislature was In ses
sion when the panting messenger from
Fort Vancouver landed at the Falls.
All that . morning they had been listen
ing to the Governor's annual message,
treating chiefly of the embarrassments of
the Indian question. When at 2 o'clock
Governor Abernethy communicated the
fact of an actual massacre, the excite
ment knew no bounds. Nesmlth leaped
to his feet with a resolution to dispatch
B0 riflemen to protect the mission at the
Dalles. The session adjourned to call a
mass meeting of citizens that nlgb,t
Several members went over Immediately
to consult with Dr. McLoughlln.
"Dead? Oh. those treacherous Cay
uses! I warned him, I warned him."
cried the old doctor, pounding the floor
with his cane. "Why did he not heed?"
Presently recovering himself. "Yes. yes.
If there Is to be an Indian war the Dalles
is your Gibraltar. Hold the Dalles."
In 15 hours from the time they enrolled
their names the Spartan-band of 50 were
on their "way to the upper country.
The Governor issued a call for 500 men
to rendezvous at Oregon City on Christ
mas day. Those whom Whitman had
befriended leaped to avenge his death;
heroes who had tolled at his side in
1843. and immigrants of succeeding years
who had hailed his mission as the first
civilized landmark beyond the Rockies.
Applegate, Lovejoy and Abernethy on
their personal credit secured a loan at
Fort Vancouver. Tho women of Oregon
City baked and sewed and tore up their
last sheets for shirts, and out of bits
of bunting made a flag. Trembling
fingers sewed the stripes and stitched on
the stars. Farmers on horseback came
packing through the woods old buffalo
guns and flint-locks, beans and bacon,
and lead and blankets whatever could
be spared from their scanty stores. Joe
Meek, the trapper, resigned his seat In
the Legislature to go overland as a dele
gate to Washington with dispatches for
aid.
The Indians regarded the settlers at
Champoeg as their own people.
"Win they desert us? Will they Join
their Indian kindred?" queried the anx
ious settlers.
Happily Tom McKay solved that Llko
a centaur he rode up and down the
prairie. In French, In English, In
Chinook he gathered them In: "Pierre,
Francois, Antoine, come, come to the
war!"
The snow proved too deeep to get word
over the Sierras to California. Shut In,
Oregon must fight her way alone.
XL.
THE CAYUSE WAR.
1643.
w T the -peril of his life Ogden went
J into the Indian country and dls-
patched couriers calling for a
council. The chiefs came to Fort Walla
Walla to treat with their old friend, the
fur-trader, and If possible to ward off
the retribution they feared from the
angry Bostons. The great fire of drift
wood from the Spokane forests roared in
the chimney. The chiefs spread their
palms to the blaze and waited. Ogden
noted a troubled look In certain faces,
but he was not there to secure the mur
derers. He only hoped to secure the
unhappy captives before news came up
from the lower country. His short, fat
togure, in marked contrast with their
tall ones, appeared still more rotund
from his bulging, ample cloak. His ot
terskln cap lay on the floor. With the
grizzly locks trailing over his shoulders
and his keen eye fixed on theirs, the
trader began:
"Friends and relations, I regret to see
that all the chiefs are not here. Re
peat to them what I say. We have been
among you for 30 years without shedding
blood. We are traders, and of a differ
ent nation from the Americans. But
recollect we do not supply you with
ammunition to kill the Americans. Thev
are the same color as ourselves, speak
the same language, are children of the
same God. Their cruel fato causes
our hearts to bleed. Besides this
wholesale butchery, have you not
robbed tho Americans passing peacefully
through your country and insulted their
women? You tell me your young men did
this without your knowledge. Why do
we make you chiefs, If you have no con
trol over your young men? You are un
worthy the name of chief. You, hot
headed young men, you pride yourselves
on your bravery. You think no one can
match you. Do not deceive yoursolves.
"If the Americans begin war, war will
not end until every one of you Is cut off
from the face of the earth. -Your people
have died. So have others. Dr. Whitman
did not poison them. God commanded
they should die. We are weak mortals.
We must submit It Is merely advice that
I give you. I promise you nothing. We
have nothing to do with your quarrels.
On my return, if you wish It I will see
what can be done for you. I do not prom
ise to prevent war. Deliver me the cap
tives. I will pay a ransom. That Is all."
Silence followed for a space of ten minutes.-
Then Tauitau rose up slowly and
spoke with deliberation:
" The fur-traders are married to In
dian women. They are our brothers. I
cannot refuse my brother's request"
Another silence; then Tlloukalkt rose,
tall and dark, dignified and savage:
"They are our brothers. They bury their
dead along with ours. Chief, your words
are, weighty, your hairs are gray. We
have known you a long time. You have
had an unpleasant journey to this place.
I cannot keep the families back. I make
them over to you, which I would not do
to another younger than yourself."
, "I have nothing to say," said Pio-plo-mox-mox.
"I know the Americans are
changeable. Still. I agree with my brother.
The whites are our best friends; we fol
low your advice. The captives shall be
given up.""
All day the council lasted, and at night
they still talked by the flickering light of
the driftwood fire. Outside, the snow beat
up against the. windows.
Blankets, shirts, guns, ammunition, to
the value of 5500, lay on the council floor.
There," said Ogden, as an attendant
displayed the tempting array, "these are
for you. Hasten, now; bring me the cap
tives and receive the ransom."
Pn Christmas eve the messengers were
speeding over the new-fallen snow to
Lapwal, to Umatilla, to every lodge
where a prisoner lay waiting her un
certain doom.
What Joy to the poor captives, terrified
by. the old women fierce as Waskema,
who came round flourishing their dull
tomahawks, only too eager to put them to
death; girls who had seen their fathers
slain, women who had been snatched from
their husbands and brothers, all to be
dragged to lonely lodgings, a prey to sav
ago passion.
It was yet early morning when the chiefs
came to the lodge of Five Crows. On a
couch of costly skins lay the beautiful
white girl. For a savage Five Crows had
been kind to his w.ee wife.
"Don't go" he pleaded. "All horses,"
he waved his hand toward the herds on
the hills, "all cattle," feeding in the
lower meadows, "all skins," they were
heaped in the lodge of this rich Indian,
"all slaves," there were dozens at his
command, "all house," close by stood Five
Crows' loghousc with glass windows, "ail
land," with a gesture toward the young
woman "yours."
She only shook her head.
"Then let me go with you, live with
white people," begged the Indian suitor.
Still she shook her head.
He waved the staring domestics back.
With his own hands the Cayuse chief
broiled her venison and brought her
tea and knelt before her couch of skins.
Tradition says he was a handsome In
dian, taller than his half-brother, Chief
Joseph, and .fairly educated. But the
white girl dreaded his eagle plumes
and raven hair; she shrank from the
touch of his moccasined toe, the brush
of his painted robe. She did not hate,
she feared him.
The Impatient chiefs outside kept
calling and spatting their hands, "Oh,
Five Crows! Five Crows! Five Crows!"
Those voices seemed her deliverance.
Still flushed with fever, she tottered
toward the door. Five Crows sprang
to her assistance, pleading at every
step. He spread a new blanket and a
tanned robe on the saddle of her horse
and still he would detain her. His
was a lover's parting, reluctant seek
ing every pretext for delay. Tho chiefs
Interfered and ended the scene. Sup
ported by her savage escort, the poor
girl reached the fort
Mr. Ogden came out The tender
hearted trader lifted her in his arms
as a father would.
"Thank 13od; -I have got yOU safe at
xor you than for all the other captives,
and I feared they would never slve you
up."
Scarcely -were the captives ia his
hands- -when a rumor reached the fort,
"the Americans are coming up thes Co
lumbia." JTelI it not to the Indians. 'Twill he
our death," said Ogden.
It turned his hair white to think of
the situation with all those suspicious
Indians camped around the ill-defended
fort The Spaldings had not arrived.
Dare he wait? They might be cut off.
Two days and two nights Ogden paced
the fort and listened; he dared not
sleep. Then came the Spaldings. es
corted by their Nez Perces from Lap
waL Ogden paid their ransom and hur
ried them into the ready boats-.
It was the morning; of New Year's
day of 1S48.
"The wind Is cold; cover cover," said
old Stlccas, taking off his cap for one
of the rescued ones. "Cover ears," he
said, compassionately tying; his hand
kerchief over the head 'of another.
"How fiercely yon Indians rides!" ex
claimed Spalding, as the boats shoved
off with their shivering passengers.
A howling horseman came Into sight
lashing' his pony, white with foam, with
the cruel double-thonged whip tied to
his wrist Another came, and another,
50 infuriated Cayuses dashed down to
the water and followed along the riv
er's edge with angry shouts. They had
caught the rumor, "the Bostons are
coming." The trader and his ran
somed had but escaped.
Ogden prudently kept his boats on
the farther side, and his Canadians
rowed for life. It was an exciting mo
ment "Sing," cried Ogden, in tense agita
tion. The Canadians struck up the spir
ited "Sur la feullle don don don," to
steady their strokes as they shot away.
. Outwitted, sold, the wrathful Indians
Jerked up their steeds by the cruel
horsehair bits. Blood dripped with the
foam. The usual Indian adieu Is a gay
yelL This was a taunting, scornful,
satanlc laugh, as they waved their
tomahawks and watched them, singing,
glide beyond their grasp. Then they
turned to the lodge of Pio-plo-mox-mox
and threatened his life, because he and
his Walla Wallas would not arm to
meet "the Bostons."
Even Tauitau said: "If the Bostons
come to fight us I will not raise my
gun. I will sit in my house. If they
will, they may kill me. I shall not re
sist The Nez Perces refused to Join them.
Only Five Crows and the murderers
were left to lead the hostlles.
Swiftly gilding down the Columbia
the rescued ones met the 50 riflemen
landing at The Dalles. Ogden was
amazed at the daring of this handful.
"Go back with us, go back," he
urged. "You can do nothing. AH the
tribes will unite against you. The idea
of sending a party up there this Win
ter is the wildest notion I ever heard,
of. You had better burn the mission
buildings here and go back to the val
ley." But the Americans firmly answered
"no," and proceeded to fortify the mis
sion at The Dalles.
Worried, troubled, nervous from loss
of sleep, Peter Skeen Ogden went on to
Fort Vancouver. Douglas Immediately
despatched a letter' to the anxious set
tlement at the Falls.
It was Sunday morning when the
courier arrived and found theiGovernor
and his people at church. The welcome
message was read from the pulpit:
Mr. Ogden has this moment arrived with
three boats from Walla "Walla, and I rejoice
to say he has brought down all the women
and children from Waillatpu and Mr. and.
Mrs Spalding. . . . Mr. Ogden will visit
the Falls on Monday. ...
In haste, your respectfully.
JAMES DOUGLAS.
SEBRIGHT
J FOOD
cJjfVELr Tim IJVELT OF
u7VF4JV7ir AND INVa,Wif
Combined with cow's mift
(t duplicates the essential
properties of mother's milk
delicious NUTRrnou;
Smbrijls CiHorsU Food Coopor-V km (etc tiW
Sorbrititi Faod lor tar fcabr ties be ro ife wtelzoid.u
frtica tbt oe vtt&ti terta tad m4ajl tOB&t. Ht Bid
ttca TosJnc s4 hJ hmb at U bed nrarfHVw fk
tertJ!Jy begn m tapnt tat but
tmtt Uta tick txj act Hl4
vebjbl ttdsr.a ea owtfe H tWrtrtearj
posaic I tne (fetabtt csaMeee In
Stcir!sis sspertecfty sbon ill txfecr
Ki&b. Jr, 27li rbbon
Su S rrsadMO. CmL
T OWWSJSTS
S.lli,ll,Si1ll
Frtte at for fre Stapb mdi
-Mate' E4fcr Baek'
JNBJtlGrrrJ- COJFOfcMA
7DODO0.
IBJA3SX1XJI calJ
Mmry, ScMMtory tr f Mtiey ITwtf NUm
?ermaaently Cared. Yon esn bo treatodat hoas
daaer same mantnty. Capital J500.MO. wa solicit
iho most obstinate cases. We have cored the worst
exses in 15 to 35 dsys. If yon hrro takon mercury.
Iodide potash and still hors aches andpalns.Mocas
Satches in Month. Sore Throat, Simples, Copper
olored Spots, Ulcers on any part of tha body. Hair
or E jebrows faUlnroat, TrrlU for proofs of carea.
Cook Remedy Co.
1589EiaT0TEJL2.fcittr,l!l. 1 fOaga Boax ftw.
TKAVEIEKS' GUIDX.
riME CARD
OFTRAINS
PORTLAND
. .. . Veszrx. Arrira.
Puget oound Limited for
Tacoma, Seattle, Olympls,
South Bend aad Gray's
Haroor points............. 8:30 aia 8:30pm
North Coast Limited for
Tacoma, Seattle, Spokane.
Butte, St. Paul. Xew
York. Boston and all
points East and South
east 3:00pm 7:00 am
Xwln City Express, icr
Tacoxca, Seattle. Spokane.
Helena, EC Paul. .Minne
apolis. Chicago, New fork,
Boston and all points East
snd Southeast .... 11:43 pm 7:00 sm
Paget scand-Kansaa City-
St. Louis Special, for
Tacoma, Seattle. Spokane.
Butte Billings. Denver.
Omaha, Kansas City, St.
Louie and all points
East and Southeast 8:30am 7 .-09 am
All trains dally except en South Bend"
branch.
A. D. CHARLTON. Assistant General Pas
senger Agent. 253 Morrison St.. corner
Third. Portland. Or.
AMCHOI: LIXB U. S. HAIL STEAMSHIPS.
NEW YORK. LONDONDERRY AND
GLASGOW.
NEW YORK. GIBRALTAR AND NAPLES.
Superior accommodation, excellent cuisine
th comfort of passengers carefully considered'
Single or round trip tickets between New York
and Scotch. English. Irish and all principal
Scandinavian and Continental points at attrac
tire rates. Seed for Book of Tours. For tick
ets er general information apply to any local
agent ef the' Anchor Lin or to Heascnon
oaa. Asssts, Chicago, ill.
yXj ;
I s JHjJ
RS ' Lvsi
I "fcr "v
Iyc5 J
I ( -Q I
m
iLSHstSISh 4 Mkajija aimar1
UMHOlUfl
Short Une
am Union Pacific
3 TRAINS TO THE EAST DAILY
Through Pullman standard and tourist sleep
ing cars dally to Omaha. Chicago. Spokans;
tourist sleeping-car dally to Kansas City;
through Pullman tourist sleeping-ear (person,
ally conducted) weekly to Chicago. Reclining
chair cars (seats free) to tha East dally.
UNION DEPOT.
Leaves.
Arrives.
CHICAGO-PORTLAND
SPECIAL for the East
via Huntington.
9U&A.M.
8.23 P. iL
Daily.
Dally.
m SPOKANE FLYER,
for Eastern Washing
ton, Walla Walla, Lew
laton, Cour d'AIen
and Great Northern
points.
7-45 P. iL
Dally.
8:00 A.1L
Dally.
ATLANTIC EXPRESS,
for tha East via Hunt
Ington. S.15 P. M.
Dally.
5:00 A.M.
Dally.
OCEAN AND BITER SCHEDULE.
FOR SAN FRANClbCO
S. S. Geo. W. Elccr
May o, 1G. 2a
S. S. Columbia
8:00 P. M.
From
Alnsworth
i5:u) P. M.
Dock.
May i. li. 21. 3L
iX)rt ASTORIA and
fay points, connecting
fclth steamer for l
w&co and North Beach,
steamer Hassalo, Ash
street deck.
8.00 P. M.
5:00 P. M.
Dally
exceDt.
Daily
exceDt
Sunday,
Sunday.
saiuruay,
10:00 P. M.
iOR DAYTON, Ore
gon City and Xamhui
River points steamer
Modoc Anri T?tiK a.k
r.oo.A. m.
Dally
except'
Sunday.
5:30 P. M.
Deny
exceDt
street dock (water per.j
Sunday.
FOR T.TT.tlM31V-vr
Idaho, and way points
from Riparla, Wash.
Steamers Spokano ana
1:40 A.M.
Ahnut
Dally
exceot
15:00 P. M.
except
Friday.
Saturday.
j-cwision.
TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington.
Telephone Main 712.
rOBTLAXD AND ASIATIC STEAMSHIP
COMPANY.
For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at
Kobe. Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking freight
via connecting steamers for Manila. Port
Arthur and Vladivostok.
For rates and full Information call on or
address offlclato or agento of O. R. & N. Co.
EAST
SOUTH
Leaves.
UNION DEPOT.
Arrive.
lVUJuUU JA.-
PtiEiaa YitALsa
lor aolem. itoe.
3:30 P. M.
:43 A.M.
ourg, Asniand, c&c-
raxuento. Ogden.
euu .b'rancisw, lo
jave, Los Angeles,
1 jftuo. Nw (Jr.
leans and tne Ease
5:30 A. M.
'Morning train con
7:00 P. M.
nects at Woodbura
idaliy except Sun
day) with train for
Mount Angel. ii.
rerton. Brown
v 1 1 1 e. bprlnuueio.
iWeadllng ana -Na
tron.
4 :CO P. M.
Albany passenger
10:10 A. M.
connects at Wood-
turn with Mu Angel
and suverton local.
7:30 A. M.
II4.-00 P. W.
Currants passenger.
5:50 A. 24.
8:23 A. M.
Sheridan passenger,
Dally. Dally, except Sunday.
PORTLAND-OoWEuo SUBURBAN SERYIC3
AND
TAMHU.ii DIVISION.
Leave Portland dauy xcr Oswego at 7:30 A.
1L 12:50, 2.05. 3:25. 0:20, 6:25, 3:30. 10:10 P.
M. Dally, except Sunday, 5:30, u:30. 8:33,
105 A. M., :00, 11:30 P. M. Sunday, only,
A. M.
Returning from Oswego, arrive Portland daily
8:30 A. M.. 1:55, 8:05. 4:35, 6:15. 7:35, 0:53.
11:10 P. M. Dally, except Sunday. 6:23, 7:20,
8:30, 10:20. 11:43 A. M. Excent Monday, XZVZ&
A. M- Sunday only, 10:00 A. M.
Leave from same depot for Dallas and inter
medlte points dally except Sunday, 4:00 P. M.
Arrive Portland. 10.20 A. M.
.The Independence-Monmouth motor line oper
ates dally to Monmouth and Alrlle. connecting
with S. P. Co.' trains at Dallas and Inde
pendence. First-class fare from Portland to Sacramento
and San Francisco, 320; berth, J3. Second-claw
fare, 815; second-class berth, $2.60.
Tickets to Eastern- points and Europe. ' Also
Japan. China. Honolulu and Australia.
CITY" TICKET OFFICE, corner Third and
Washington etreets. Phone Main 712.
ISreatNqrthernjI
iiiiiiiiiiii a i lima i T
City Ticket Office, 122 3d St. Phono 680.
2 OVERLAND TRAINS DAILY O
The Flyer and the Fast Mall
SPLENDID SERVICE
UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT
COURTEOUS EMPLOYES
For tickets. Bates, rolders and fall In
formation, call on or address
H. DICKSON. City Passenger and Ticket Ast.
122 Third Street Portland, Or.
JAPAN-AJV1ERICAN LINE
S. S. KANAGAWA MARU
For Japan, China and all Asiatic Ports, trill
leave Seattle about July 2.
COLUMBIA RIVER SCENERY
PORTLAND to THE DALLES
Regulator
Line Steamers
GMLYHCErTSUB0AY)71.H.
. Round trip to Cascade Lock every Monday.
Wednesday and Friday. Direct line for Mof
fett's. St. Martin's and Collins' Hot Bprlnga
Connecting at Lyle. Wash., with Columbia
River & Northern By. Co. for Goldendale and
Klickitat Valley points. Tending foot of Alder
street. Phone Main 914.
S. M'DONALD. Agent.
Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad Co.
Leaves;.
UNION DEPOT.
Arrives.
Dally.
8:00 A.M.
I For Maygers, Rainier.
Dally. "
uiauitanie; westport,
Clifton, Astoria, War
rsnton. Flavei. Ham
mond. Fort Stevens.
Gearbart Park, Sea
side, Astoria and Sea
shore. Express Daily.
Astoria Express.
11:10 A.M.
IOP.M.
8:40 P. M.
Daily.
C A. STEWART. J. C. MAYO
Ccam'l Agt., 243 Alder at. Q. F. & P. A.
Phone Main 903.
For South -fcastern Alaska
LEAVR SniTTI co. ..
rF"rv steamships CITY OF SHAT-SSJS-SScS
TLE; May 16. 23: HUV
Awi?i:xj. -a"1 i, oi; i;ut
iATAGE CITY. May 13, 28.
Bicauicia connect at Ban
'steamers for ports in Callfor-
Bay. For further Information
- uuiaw imucr. xugnt is re
served to change steamers or sailing date.
TICKET OFFICES.
Portland 249 Washington st.
Seattle...-- 113 James st. and Dock
gan Francisco... 10 Market st.
C. D. DUNANN. Gen. Pasa. Agt.
10 Market St.. Saa Francisco.
sgfi-gl ggiBiaui
Bill ssmiff
SiJilJiJil
liyiMlDJQJiP
liiiBiiHsiipiis
Jl vi YSlreifcgsllfe S8HJrflgg5 fiIi 'MTU
Not a dark offica In the building;
absolutely fireproof? electric light
and artesian water; perfect sanita
tion and thorough ventilation; ele
vators run day and night.
AINSLEB. DR. GEORGE Physician and
Surgeon COG-COT
ASSOCIATED PRESS. S. B. Vincent. Mgr..S13
AUSTEN, F. C. Manager for Oregon and
Washington Bankers Life Association of
Dea Moines, la. 502-503
BAAR, DR. GUSTAV. Physician and Sur
geon soa-soT
BANKERS' UFE ASSOCIATION OF DES
MOINES. IA.. F. C. Austen. Mgr... .503-803
BATES. PHHiD? S.. Pub. Pacific Miner... 215
BENJAMIN, R. W., Dentist 3H
BINSWANGER, OTTO S., Physician and
Surgeon 4Q7-40S
BLACKMORE. DR. F. A.. Dentist 300
BOGART, DR. M. D., Dentist 705
BROCK. WILBUR F.. Circulator Oregonlan.501
BRUERB. DR. G. E., Phys 411-412-413-4U
CAMPBELL, WM. M., Medical Referee
Equitable Life ....700
CARDWELL, DR. J. R.. Dentist 80tt
CAUKIN. G. E., District Agent Travelers'
Insurance Company 713
COGHLAN. DR. J. N., Eye, Ear, Nose and
Throat 713-7H
COLLIER. P. F.. Publishers: S. P. Mo-
Gulre, Manager ...415
COLUMBIA GRANITE CO.... 417-41S
CONNELL. DR. DB WITTE, Eye, Ear.
Nose and Throat.. - C13-6H
CORNELIUS, C. W., Phys. and Surgeon. .213
DEVERE. A. E., Diseases of the Hair and
Scalp - 3la
DICKSON. DR. J. F.. Physician.. .. 713-714,
EDITORIAL ROOMS ..Eighth Floor
EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Alder Street
EQUI. DR. MARIE D., Phys. and Sur. .513-013
EQUITABLE LD7B ASSURANCE SO
CIETY. L. Samuel. Mgr.; G. B. Smith,
Cashier ...... 30
FENTON. J. D., Phys. and Surgeon.. .509-510
FENTON, DR. HICKS C, eye, ear, nose
and throat 511
FENTON. MATTHEW F., Dentist 509
GALVANL W. H., Engineer and Draughts
man GOO
GEARY. DR. EL P., Physician and Sur
geon 404-405-400
GDLSY. DR. A. J.. Phys. and Surg. . 708-710
GOLDMAN, WHjLIAM. Manager Manhat
tan Llle Ins. Co., of New Yorfc 209-210
GORAY, DR. J. P., Eye, Ear, Nose and
Throat 204-205
GRANT. FRANK S., Attorney-at-Law....61T
GRISWOLD & PHEGLEY, Tailors
131 Sixth Street
HAFF & COLWELL. Mining Engineers.
U. S. Deputy Mining Surveyors 602-603
HAMMAN BATHS. Turkish and Russian..
300-301-303
HARDEN. MRS. L. K.. Stenographer..... 201
HAWKEI. DR. a E.. Phys. and Surg. .608-609
HOLLISTER. DR. O. a. Physician and
Surgeon 504-505
HOLMES LUMBER COMPANY 401-403
HOSMER, DR. CHARLES SAMUEL. Physi
cian and Surgeon 701-703
rDLBMAN. C. M. Attorney-at-Law 615-616
JEFFREYS. DR. ANNICE F., Phys. and
Surgeon. Women and Children only 400
JOHNSON. W. C. 315-316-31T
KADY, MARK T., Supervisor of Agents
Mutual Reserve Life Insurance Co 605
LANE. E. L.. Dentist 513-5M
LAWBAUGH. DR. B. A 804-805
LAWRENCE PUBLISHING CO 417-418
LTTTLBFIELD & CORNELIUS 212
LITTLEFIELD. H. R.. Phys. and Surg 213
MACKAY. DR. A. E. Phys. and Surg. .711-713
MANHATTAN LD7E INSURANCE CO.
OF NEW YORK. W. Goldman. Mgr. .200-210
MARSH. DR. R. J., Phys. and Surg ....309-310
McCOY. NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715
McELROY, DR. J. G.. Phys. & Surg.701-702-703
McGINN. HENRY E.. Attorney-at-Law.311-313
McGUIRE. S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier,
Publisher 413
McKENZIE. DR. P. L-, Phys. and Surg... 203
METT. HENRY 218
MOSSMAN. DR. E. P.. Dentist 408
MUTUAL RESERVE LTFE INS. CO.,
Mark T. Kady. Supervisor of Agents. .604-605
NICHOLAS HORACE B Attorney-at-Law.718
NILES. M. M.. Cashier Manhattan Life
Insurance Company of New York.. ...... 209
NOTTAGB. DR. G. H., Dentist G08-6O9
O'CONNOR. DR. H. P.. Dentist 309-310
ONG. DR. HARLON F.. Phys. & Surg.. 304-305
OREGON INFHtMARY OF OSTEOPATHY
409-410
OREGONIAN BARBER SHOP, MARSCH
& GEORGE, Props. ..129 Sixth Street
f-ORBGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU.
J. F. Strauhal, Manager.. ...200
PACIFIC MINER. Philip 8. Bates. Pub.... 215
PAGUD. B. S.. Attomey-at-Law -513
PALMER BROS.. Real Estate and Business
Chances . . . ........417-418
PARKER. DR. MARY. Eye, Ear, Nose and
Throat .. ... 512-615
PORTLAND EYE AND EAR rNFIRMARY
..Ground Floor. 128 Sixth Street
REED, C J., Life Insurance 403
REED. WALTER, Optician 133 Sixth Street
ROSENDALE. O. M, Metallurgist and Min
ing Engineer .. 316
ROTH. DR. JOHN B.. Phys. & Surg. ..313-314
RYAN. J. 3.. Attorney-at-Law 515
RYAN. CHAS. N., Advertising Broker 217
SAMUEL. L., Manager Equitable Life.... 308
SCOTT. C. N., with Palmer Bros 417-418
SHERWOOD, J. W., State Commander K.
O. T. M. 517
SMITH. DR. ALAN WELCH. Physician
and Surgeon ..207-203
SMITH, DR. L. B., Osteopath. ....409-410
SMITH. GEORGE S.. Cashier 'Equitable
Xlfe 308
STOLTE. DR. CHARLES B.. Dentist. .704-705
SURGEON OF THE S. P. BY. AND N. P.
TERMINAL CO 700
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE..- 201
THE BLUB BOOK CO. MERCANTILE
AGENCY .. 601
THE NORTHWESTERN SECURITD3S
CO.. Stocks and Bonds..... 601
TUCKER. DR. GEORGE F.. Dentist... 610-611
VESTER. A, Special Agent Manhattan
Life ....209
VOSE, DR. WM. H., eye, ear, nose and
throat 314
WARREN CONSTRUCTION CO., T. W.
Nottingham, Manager. . 216-217
WASHINGTON LOAN & INVESTMENT
CO 217
WENDLING. DR. ROBT. F.. Dentist 705
WILEY. DR. JAMES O. C., Phys. & Sur.708-9
WDLSON. DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surg.706-707
WU-SON. DR. HOLT C., Phys. & Surg.507-603
WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician.. 411-412.413-414
Offices may be had by applying to
the superintendent of the buildfngc
room 201j second floor