s
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, PORTLAND, MAY 15, 1904."
-3-
'LOUG-HLIN
" xxxvn.
"Fifty-four Forty op Fight."
(1S45-4S.)
iHBEE years had passed since Dr.
MclJtujhlln wrote that letter for
protection, and now word arrived
lm the Hudson's Bay house in Tnn'don:
the preEent state .of affairs the com-
jy cannet ohtain protection from the
rornment. You must protect yourselves
I the heat way you can."
Ilany diaicultles preplexed Dr. Mc-
lugnlln as well as provisional govern.-
Int. Outlaws trom tho States found
way to Oregon. One, Chapman,
"I cano all the way from tha
ites for the purposa of burning Port
iconver."
fSuch a step would precipitate war in
effon," said the settlers. Applegate was
at privately to Dr. SIcLoughlin.
fWe are troubled," said Applegate to
doctor. "We -want lb protect you,
we cannot unless the company agrees
the articles of compact. To do that
must pay taxes ajid comply with the
vs of the provisional government, which
Dmlseff protection only to Its adher-
Otherwise you will stand alone.
Istless spirits from tie States will con
er 3-ou.lawful prey. You need to join
It is Tor your own. interest."
rBut how can K" insisted the doctor.
am a British subject, and this is Brit-
property."
I'We have altered the form of oath to
het that very point," said Applegate.
cow the compact reads to support the
jvisionai government so iar as is con
tent with our duties as citizens of the
ited States or subjects of Great Brit-
.. That lets you In, you see, without
lerfering with your allegiance."
le doctor at with his head on his
End, thinking. Now and then he tossed
fck the white locks that fell around his
Ipplegate went on: "You see. Dr. Mc-
lughlin, it -will secure the property of
company. And it will conduce to the
intenance of peace and order to have
known to the American people that
two nationalities are united in Oregon.
tere will be a large immigration again
Is Fall, and you may depend upon it
jro will be many to annoy you."
IT realize that, I realize that," said the
Ictor, despairingly. "Let me call in
uglas. He has a level head."
suglas came In, tall, dark and formal.
did not get on so easily with people
the doctor did, and especially these
lericans he held at arm's length. But
he unbent to anybody it was to the cul-
red Applegate, the "Sage of Yoncalla."
fain the whole subject was canvassed.
jOur taxes, if assessed at ihelr real
llue. would outweigh all your colony,"
lid Douglas.
lOf course you would tax only our sales
your settlers?" suggested the doctors
'That la fair," said Applegate.
I "Very well, then, we will join you,"
lid the doctor and Douglas after some
Ensidoratlon.
Applegate returned to Oregon City
Id put the measure through with a rush.
McLoughlln and James Douglas
led the articles and became members
Oregon's provisional government.
T don't see that we could do anything
pe, said the doctor, snuffbox in hand.
few days later. T am glad the suspense
lover, James. If ve must live with theso
lericana we must live in peace,"
I 'Yes," agreed Douglas. "The property
safe now. The fact that England paid
attention to your appeal for protec-
bn Justifies the step we have taken."
"I am glad they elected you Judge of
is Vancouver district," added the doctor.
rhat was handsomely done."
lust then tho gatekeeper stuck his head
at the door.
r'Eh, what, Bruce?" said the doctor, rls-
j. "Ogden back from England, and
lgers. did you say?"
)r. McLoughlin turned and met face
face the scarlet coats and gold lace of
'0 English officers advancing up the
eps.
"Lieutenant "William Peel, son of Sir
3bert Peel, Prime Minister of England,"
lid Peter Skeen Ogden. advancing and
traducing the taller one, a fine young
How, well bronzed, who advanced to
eet the doctor.
nth quite colorless face Dr. McLough-
shook hands with tho Premier's proxy
suddenly sot down on the Columbia.
f'Captain Parke of the Royal Marines,"
Irning to the other.
Japtain Parke handed Dr. McLoughlln
pack of credentials.
Che doctor's color rose as he broke the
lyal seal and read.
f'What! "What! What! Brother of the
rl of Aberdeen here with a fleet to
lotcct us?"
suglas gave an involuntary start.
?rotect!on! Now!"
r'Gentiemen, where are your shire?"
Squired the doctor.
"Anchored In Puget Sound. There are
rteen warships on the coast, carryinc
lur hundred guns," answered Lleuten-
it Peel.
)r. McLoughlln's face was a study.
'Where Is your ship? How did you
t here?"
"Overland by way of the Cowlitz. The
lodesto is entering tho Columbia with
enty guns. Do you think that will
sufficient? She will soon be here "
'Sufficient? I should think so!" ejacu-
Ited the doctor.
r'Wlth tho Intuitive grasp of situation
lr which he was noted. Dr. McLough-
provldcd for his distinguished guests,
inking mightily all the time.
"Tho devil's to pay now," he whispered
lde to Douglas. "What have they come
r? If they had only arrived six weeks
oner I shouldn't have signed the com
et. Isow we have recognized the Pro-
sional Government the ships are not
eded. Indeed, they aro likely to stir
a d 1 of a row by rousing the suspl-
ms of tho Americans."
f"Tls well to have them hero till we
the temper of the next immigration."
lid Douglas, to soothe the spirit of his
Mcf.
"Don't you think we can bring troops
erland from Canada?" inquired one of
e officers, as Dr. McLoughlln re-entered
e room. "If it comes to'Wows we would
t these Americans a good deal harder
an we would other people."
Oh. Captain Parke! Oh. Captain
rKO ejaculated the distressed doctor.
phe country is not worth a war."
.i hen what are the Americans coming
ire for? Jut sneak the word and we'll
. o t: cm a hint that'll take the carts all
the wheels from hero to the Rockv
iuntalr;"
That would bo savage!" said the doc-
'eel 5-t Ms lips. "The United States Is
t gcl-g t euchre us out of Oregon. Mv
ther 1 s said in Parliament. 'England
sows rer rights and dares maintain
?m,' arl she will."
The c.ilra of the United States to this
ast is ab-urd." said Lieutenant PeeL
ppiiun tray was only a private specu
Clng tnxler. dodjrlne alone- tMs wf
Irtcrlng fcr furs. He only went 12 miles
me r: er. he did not explore it; and as
arg poeeaslcn tho noor coaster
Iver thojght of such a thins. Vancouver
ipiorca a nunared miles. Wo have as
lad a right to this river as to the
lames or tne number."
S hy. of coarse. ' lauched Parkp "Th.
MMmbla has always belonged to us. This
icncan aiK is mere bravado. nv th
-called 'Patriot War" of Canndn so
llse and a good deal of smoke."
IY sip of wine had warmed tho guests.
ia aii laujjnra merrily.
Phat Patriot War of Canada nsssi
befaed a tender spot In McLoughlln's
effort of aa oppressed people to
AMD OLD OREGON
CONTINUATION OF MRS. EVA
free1 themselves Is not a proper subject
for merriment," ho said.
"Whatever comes to pass," remarked
Douglas, "these whittling Yankees talk
ing politics are here, and more are com
ing. I liear that one of them is In Wash
ington now, trying to get a steamboat
routo by the way of Panama."
"So? Next they'll be talking of a rail
road right over the top of the Rocky
Mountains!"
At this another "ha.1 ha!" went round
) the table.
"Enemies need bayonets," said Captain
Parke, as they rose from their w Ine cups.
"But, my dear fellow, these are not
enemies," insisted Dr. McLoughlln. "They
are simply settlers, quiet, peaceable, In
dustrlous."
"And like their fellow-countrymen al
ways smoking and" chewing and spitting,
eh, doctor? I'd rather meet a grizzly
than a settler."
That night Dr. McLoughlln wrote a let
ter to some one high in British authority,
pleading against war. Somewhere, still,
that letter may lie in English archives.
At the Instance of the officers additional
guns were mounted. The night watch was
doubled. The hourly "All Is well' sound
ed like a cry of danger.
For eighteen months Her Majesty's
warship Modeste lay like a policeman In
the river. Five hundred men, sailors and
marines, performed their dally evolutions
on the green esplanade in front of the
fort A barrel of sliver dollars dealt out
for their pay was the first money ever
seen in Oregon. Before that, barterrulod
in skins and -wheat. .
The redcoats, running over the country
with their glittering arms, might have
made trouble had not Dr. McLoughlln
kept up a, constant counsel of peace.
"Whatever we do here will mako no dif
ference with the final outcome of the
question," he kept saying. "It is better
for us to keep on good terms with the set
tlers. These Inoffensive, peaceable peoplo
are not the ones to fight."
Nevertheless the colonists had .their
fears.
"They'll turn the Indians loose upon us
yet. I've seen their blacksmiths working
all Winter. They say they're making
axes for the trappers. No such thing;
they're tomahawks, and you'll see 'em
arming Indians, as they did in 1S12.
Down at Astoria, BIrnie digs day after
day don't tell -me it's a garden. I know
better. There's cannon burled down there
at Tongue Point, and one of these days
you'll hear 'em booming."
Douglas went over to Nlsqually and
found the warships burnishing their guns
In Puget Sound.
'Ah," said the officers as Douglas dined
on shipboard. "If we could only be sent
to the Columbia we'd take the whole
country In 24 hours."
That Oregon question has become the
battlecry of a Presidential contest.
"Fifty-four forty or fight."
"All of Oregon up to Alaska or war."
America listened for the drum-beat.
"A 'small meal' will be made of the
troops of the 'free and enlightened,' " said
an editor on the St. Lawrence.
"The crows will soon be picking out
their eyes," said an Indian chief on the
northern border.
With clear vision Dr. McLoughlln saw
the inflamed public of both countries.
More than once he was discovered on hl3
knees, praying that he might keep the
people quiet in the disputed territory.
"I saw blood flow in 1812," he said to
the son of England's premier, "I stanched
the wounds of comrades at Sault Ste
Marie. As one born on the continent of
America I feel that no foreign power has
the -right to fling her peoples Into con
flict Suppose you take n ride up the
valley and get acquainted with the peo
ple." Well mounted on the best Vancouver
horses, Parke and Peel went dashing up
the Willamette.
It was har est-tlme. Men dressed In
buckskin trousers, "hickory" shirts and
moccasins were. cutting wheat with the
reap-hook. Settlers jogged along In rude
carts ironed with rawhide, hauling their
deerskin sacks full of grain to the river,
where it was heaped on great iateaux,
big as the hull of a steamer, and paddled
down to Fort Vancouver, to exchange for
"black strap" molasses, dirty Hawaiian
sugar and ready-made clothing. That
clothing was all of ono size, made in Eng
land: said to have been cut to the meas
ure of Dr. McLoughlln. The thrifty im
migrant wives clipped off the hickory
shirts that came down to the feet and
over the hands and were thankful for
tho patches. There were no old chests
from which to resurrect cloaks and
dresses; the American stock was soon ex
hausted, and the Hudson's Bay store, nut
contemplating such expansion, had noua
to sell. Old coats were threadbare, old
tent covers worn out Members of the
Legislature canvassed their brethren for
a coat to wear in public The singing
master met his classes in a suit of buck
skin. "You must get looms," said Dr. Mc
.Loughlln. Two immigrants set out for
the states for flocks of sheep.
Everywhere Parke and Peel were met
with rude but unstinted hospitality. Men
who had marked tho trail to Oregon wltn
their blood, slaughtered for them tho
fatted bullock and sat down to dine In
their shlrt-sleo es. Women ground the
grain for cakes In the coffee-mill ana
baked It In a Dutch oven set among tho
coals. Brisk housewives brushed up their
hearths with hazel brooms, set the table
with tin cups and plates, and seated the
guests in the best old-fashioned cane
bottomed hickory rocker that had banged
its way across the plains.
Every picturesque feature of New Eng
land. Ohio. Missouri pioneering was re
peated here. To Parke and Peel it was
a revelation. Never before had they
seen a people whose handbook of history
was the migrations of their ancestors,
whose Ideal statesman was George Wasn
ington. whose model parent was Uncie
Sam. Daniel Boone the chief hero, and the
American eagle the favorite bird. With
great good humor they heard the tales
around the fires and slept at night in the
cabin lofts.
"Tell me how you crossed the plains,"
said Peel at the house of Applegate. He
told the story of 1S43.
"Such men would make the finest sol
diers in tho world," said Peel and Parke
as they went riding on.
"How do you like the country?" asked
a horny-handed pioneer.
"It is certainly the most beautiful coun
try in the natural state that I ever saw,"
said Peel.
"Will England try to hold it?"
"Not against tho wishes of its people,"
answered the nobleman.
Before Parke and Peel returned from
their trip up the valley the Autumn im
migration came pouring in with "54
40 or fight" blared on their wagon cov
ers. To eager inquiries, "Yes. that is
the partj cry. and Polk Is elected."
Parke and Peel looked on amazed as
3000 dust-bcgrlmed pilgrims came toiling
In to stake out their claims on the In
dian lands. Never before had they seen
the building of a state. "Hopelessly
Americanized! hopelessly Americanized!"
was their frequent comment as the long
lino of occupation took up the country.
"Ploughs are better than traps to hold a
country, and farms are better than forts."
The .story of 1S45 has never been told,
never can be told. In the face of Parke
and Peel and all the British warships
Dr. McLoughlln sent succor to the fam
ishing immigrants. Far up Des Chutes
they met his messengers of mercy with
shouts and hallelujahs. The settlers be
stirred themselves, and hurried forward
pack-trains of food and horses to rescue
their brethren in the mountains. There
were not boats enough In the country to
EMERY DYFS CHRONICLE
meet the needs of transportation, and
when at Christmas all were in, tha popu
lation of Oregon had been doubled.
And yet the boundary was not settled.
A rumor was current at Havana that the
) whole British armament was sailing for
the Columbia. Commodores Sloat and
Stockton off the Coast of California cast
many a longing eye toward Oregon, but
the Mexican War demanded their pres
ence South. The provisional government
pent the Applegates to cut a road' for
United States troops to enter Southern
Oregon.
Senator Benton said in Congress, "Let
the emigrants go on and carry their
rifles."
But Rufus Choate made that clarion an
swer: "In my judgment this notion of a
National enmity of feeling towards Great
Britain belongs to a past age of our his
tory. We -are born to happier feallqgs.
We look on England as we do on France.
We look on them from our new world,
not unrenowned, yet a new world still,
and the blood mounts to our cheeks; our
eyes, swim; our voices are stifled with
emulousness of so much glory; their
trophies will not let us sleep, but there
is no hatred at all, no hatred; all fur
honor, nothing for hate. If you will an-
swer for tho politicians I think I will
venture to answer for the people.
Webster, too, made a great peace speech
. that was heard on two continents.
The brother of the Earl of Aberdeen
fretted on his warship in Puget Sound:
"McLoughlln Is right Tls" a beastly
country, not worth a wars Nlsqually
plains are a bed of gravel. Curse the
deer! They will not wait for me to shoot
them. Curse the salmon! They will not
bite with the very best flies and a patent
English angling rod. I. wouldn't give tup
ponce for the whole country;" and he
sailed away.
Lieutenant Peel took the shortest cut
to London. What he poured into the ears
of his father, Sir Robert, has never been
known.
Lieutenant Cushlng also reported to
his father In the United States Senate.
All at once Congress adopted concili
atory resolutions.
Said Lord Aberdeen, "I did not delay
a moment, but putting aside all Ideas
of diplomatic etiquette I made a propo
sition of settlement that was immedl-
ately accepted -by Congress."
With joyful countenance Sir Robert Peel
announced to the House of Commons,
"the governments of two great nations
have by moderation, by mutual compro
mise, averted the dreadful calamity of
war."
Word reached Vancouver In the Autumn
of 1846 by way of the Sandwich Islands.
Douglas immediately sent the news to
Governor Abernethy. The settlers fired
their anvils, the bluffs flung back tho
jubilee. Canadians and Americans re
joiced together. "Now Congress will take
us under her wing," was the Joyful cry.
"Now we shall have territorial rights.
Now they" will recognize the acts of our
provisional government Until then how
can we be sure that we own a farm or
that any transaction that wo have made
will stand In law?"
Then for the first time the United
States began to look out of her western
window to the sea. But no ono thought
of the Indian. With news of the bound
ary settlement came news of tho Mexi
can War and the occupation of Cali
fornia. The front of the world had
changed.
But when the" Oregonlans learned that
the line was 49 degrees instead of 54
degrees 40 minutes there was an outcry
"A third of Oregon gone? Polk has be
trayed us. Oregon reached Alaska."
And the Hudson's Bay barquo sailed as
usual, with a million dollara worth of
furs.
As colonial treasurer Ermatinger
gained so good an insight Into the
strength or weakness of the little colony
for no one knows on which side Er
matinger was working that just after
the departure of Parke and Peel he sud
denly handed in his resignation and left
with the March express for England, com
mitting his young wife to the care of
Dr. McLoughlln. There may have been
a political motive for the flight at that
time. If so, it failed, for before he could
sight the hills of Cornwall the treaty
had been proclaimed, June 15, 1846.
Ermatinger visited the scenes of his
English 'youth. Of his old friends few
were left some were dead, some were
gone, and all were changed. Homesick,
he set out for his old post on the Colum
bia. At Montreal he met Sir George
Simpson "You will hereafter be stationed
at Athabasca," said the autocrat of the
fur trade.
"Athabasca!" gasped Ermatinger. "Good
God, can't I go to Fort Vancouver for
my wife?"
"You understand the terms of this serv
ice, sir." Sir George passed on a3 though
he had brushed a caterpillar from his
sleeve.
Ermatinger, the jolly Ermatinger, stag
gered from the door, white as a man In
ague. Too well he understood "the terms
of our service, sir." He felt It was a cold
blooded act to separate him from his wife
because of some pique at McLoughlln. Too
well ho knew the military system that
bound any man that accepted a commis
sion to hold himself In readiness to starve
In Labrador or freeze at the North Pole.
But this
"Curse It! Why did I not lake Catharine
with me and dig like a dog in England?
There, at least the laborer has his home."
Well he knew the heart-break of that
disappointed wife, well he knew the weary
distance and the danger should sha try
to reach him. She could not even learn
of the change until the November mall
packet Then the waiting till the next
brigade In March, the mountains, the rap
ids, and a babe in arms In anguish as
never before Ermatinger felt the Iron ot
the great monopoly.
"Perhaps Sir George has no pers3nal
feeling In the matter." though Ermatin
ger; "It Is the factor's duty to obey, but"
like a sheath-cut came the conclusion
"neither I nor any one at Vancouver can
ever believe It Is anything less than pre
meditated cussedness."
Some of his comrades tried to rally htm.
"Don't give up the beaver so, Erma."
"Now you can amuse yourself talking
Chinook with the Chlppeways."
"Or Joking with the Asslnnlbolns."
But none of these sallies could rous6
tho sad spirit of the prostrate Erma
tinger. "Men!" exclaimed Ermatinger, bitterly.
"Men are of trifling Value provided he
gets furs. Wives are encumbrances;
men are not expected to have them; they
interfere with the company's interests, no
arrangement can be made for them. Tho
employes of the Hudson's Bay Company,
gentlemen, are tools, mere implements,
machines, under Sir George."
XXXVIII.
Dr. McLoughlln- Resigns.
1S46.
TIE SPIES' report of Dr. McLoughlln
Irritated the London Board. "What
right has a chief factor In our em
ploy to meet those immigrants with boat
loads of supplies, to nurse their sick In
our hospital, and to loan them seed and
agricultural Implements to open up farms
on the Willamette?" Across the sea there
came a call to halt and an account was
demanded of Dr. McLoughlln.
Strong In the consciousness of his own
integrity the doctor answered: "Gentle
men, as a man of common humanity I
could not do otherwise than to give those
naked and starving people to eat and to
wear'of our stores. I foresaw cleariy
tiiat It aided In the American settlement
of the country, but tJals I cannot help. It
is not for mc. out forGod, to look after
and take care of the consequences. The
Bible tells me, 'If thine enemy hunger,
feed him; if he be naked, clothe him.
These settlers are not even enemies. If
the directors find fault with me they
quarrel with heaven. I have simply done
what any one truly worthy the name of
a man could not hesitate to 'do. I ask
you not to bear these debts; let them be
my own. Let me retain the profits upon
these supplies and advances made to set
tlers, and I will cheerfully assume all
payments to the company, All that I
can do honorably for my company shall
be done. Beyond that I have no pledges.
Shall I leave these Americans to starve,
or drive them from the country? Gen
tlemen, If such be your orders, I can
serve you no longer."
And so, on account of assisting the im.
migrants. Dr. McLoughlln resigned his po
sition at the head of the Hudson's Bay
Company west of the Rocky Mountains,
and thereby sacrificed a pe.rs'onal Income
of $12,000 per annum.
As sad-faced Elolse sailed home Into the
Columbia she saw a great concourse at
Fort Vancouver, A beautiful young lady,
escorted by British officers, was christen
ing a new sloop for the infant Prince of
Wales.
"Can that be, )lttle Cecelia?" said Elolse,
"How quickly shotias. grown! How quick
ly I have aged!"
In widow's, weeds, with an infant In her
arms, the Lady pf the Pacific Coast had
returned to Fort -Vancouver, to find her
father dethroned, and Douglas reigning la
his stead. '
Dr. McLoughlln brought to Oregon City
the same spirit ol enterprise that had
made Fort Vancouver the metropolis of,'
mo iur-ioris, ne gave employment to im
migrants, built tha best house, 'built saw
and grist mills, and his loud voice might
be heard in the streets directing his. In
dlan servants as they grubbed up the
stumps. Many yet living remtmber the
white-headed man in 5waJlowtalled coat
and brass buttons waving his .cane like a
trunqhetn at the head of the Falls "A
canal can be cut from this basin to the
gulch beyond tho bluff, and this whole
canyon tan smoke with factories."
A certain element, however, could never
forget that Dr. McLoughlln had been at
the head of a foreign monopoly, and point
ed the finger with the whispered, "Aristo
crat. Aristocrat!"
Ho applied for a ferry right across the
Willamette, but was denied. He applied
for a canal right; ttils great public im
provement would cost the public nothing
tho petition was granted, and McLough
lln's men cut the first race-way In the
gray rock around the Falls. He wanted
to build locks at his own expense and
again was checked. "Give him too much
power," they said.
Late one Autumn evening an Immigrant
unyoked his oxen under the bluff beside
tho Falls. As they were getting supper a
venerable old gentleman came to their
campflre. Seated In the only chair they
had, he made some friendly Inquiries.
"Doctor," said the immigrant, "I heard
before I left the states that you were In
tending to put locks at the Falls, but I
see nothing has been done."
"Tut, tut tut!" said the doctor, "too
much jealousy of mo, too much rivalry;
cannot do anything."
The doctor, further endeavored to push
development by giving more than 300 lots
for public and private uses lots for
squares and parks, lots for, churches and
parsonages, to Methodists and Baptists,
to Presbyterians and Catholics and Con
gregatlohallsts, eight lots for a Catholic
school .and eight for a Protestant female
seminary, now used by the Oregon City
High School.
In a certain sense Dr. McLoughlln was
a genius, with the irritabilities of genius.
He saw clearly what should be done and
could brook no delay in "execution. A
busy man himself, he wanted all busy
about him. Across the river an American
held a claim. "Now there's X in his Rob
in's Nest up there!" the old doctor would
exclaim, "Why don't lie do something?
No, there he lies, and lets the skunks
gnaw his toes while ho waits for tha coun
try to develop."
Eminently sociable, full of talk, full of
detail and Incident, the ex-chief factor
could never be happy without a crowd
around him. Despite his detractors, he
made friends with all the newcomers,
stopped to talk with the men that strode
the streets In moccasins and leather pant
aloons whipping up their black oxen, and,
indeed, the old gentleman was quite a
gallant In brushing up his beaver and
starting out cane In hand, to call on the
ladies. His stately form might be seen
In any door, always joking, running his
fincers ttirnmrh Vila hnlr nn lnnnirn
after the children.
McLoughlln noted the shabby hats of
the early legislators. In his own genial
manner he presented each with a tall
white hat "bell-crowned and peculiar."
"I would see every honorable gentleman
well roofed In," he said. Then he handed
to each a long-stemmed pipe with orna
mental bowl. -"And," (says a survivor),
"the majestic lawmakers meandered along
the riverside whiffing the calumet of
peace, while jealous Americans scowled
and sal(L. 'See corporate Influence,' and
hated McLoughlln worse than eveV."
To the end ho never lost his love of
dress and dancing: decked In white kids
and white vest like a gentleman of the
old school, he adorned the parlor of many
a gay assembly. One night he knocked at
an lmigrant neighbor's door with a lantern
In his hand. "I am going to the party,"
he said. "I want you to see me." Laugh
ingly he held up the lantern from point
to point, exhibiting his ruffles and care
fully combed locks, his narrow-tailed coat
and satin vest "Will I dor
"Ah, ye3, you will do," said the laughing
pioneer mother as the good doctor trudged
away with his lantern and a new pair
of dancing-pumps under his arm.
"He used to wear a long blue cloak
thrown" around him. To see him walking
tQ church Sunday morning. It was really
a sight," said ex-Governor Chadwick
twenty-five years after, so out of keeping
seemed the patriarchial figure with the
modern world that was pushing In.
One of the most beautiful characteristics
of the now famous doctor was his life-long
devotion to Margaret his wife of the old
fur-hunting days. "He treated her like a
Princess," says a missionary of that day.
"In public and in private he was as loyal
to her as If she had beena daughter of
Victoria. His gallantry to her knew no
bounds."
It was well understood that a slight to
the Madame was a slight to the doctor.
When the "Modeste" was at Vancouver
the people of the fort gave the officers
a picnic On their return the doctor per
ceived his wife walking alone, carrying a
heavy basket Turning to an officer,
"Tut tut tutl What do you mean by
letting a lady walk alone and carry a
burden like that?" he cried, as he hast
ened to her assistance- If a servant en
tered her presence with his hat on "Your
manners, sir, your manners, before
ladles!" was the punctilious reprimand.
Old Oregonlans remember the two, sitting
In their porch like the Dutch burghers of
Amsterdam, greeting the passers-by. The
Madame took the liveliest Interest In tho
doctor's benevolences, going about hunting
up sick Immigrants and putting herself to
no end of trouble to help them. Many a
time she sent petitioners home with a
great Indian basket full of provisions,
and out of her own stores supplied needed
clothing. "It is. a duty put upon us by
our Heavenly Father' the Madame was
wont to say.
Across the hall from tho Madame's room
was the reception-room. "Two sofas
were there," says a lady of 1846, "and I
seldom found them empty. Always the
newcomer In want and In trouble was
directed to the house of Dr. McLoughlln.
Always the front door of McLoughlln's
hcuse stood open. 'We must never leave
the house alone, mother.' he would say.
'Some Immigrant might come that needed
our help.'"'
Dr. McLoughlln had a fondness for law
yers. "Doctor," said the first Chief Jus
tlce ot the Supreme Court of Oregon, as
they sat one day in his office, "Doctor,
they say that when you were Governor of
the Hudson's Bay Company at Vancouver
those who approached you were expected
to do so with their heads uncovered. How
Is that?"
Reddening and running his fingers
through his 'hair the doctor stammered,
"The French! the French! A. very polite
people, a very polite people!"
"Of course. Doctor," said the Judge,
"but "
"The French! very polite, very polite,'1
said the still confused doctor. Then,
casting aside his embarrassment "Well,
I will tell you. J was at the head of the
Hudson's Bay Company in this countryr
When I cane there were many Indians
here. The success of the company de
pended on the way the Indians were treat
ed and controlled. The lives of all tha
servants and employes, and the property
of the company were in my keeping. 1
knew enough of Indian character to know
that It those around me respected and
deferred to me, the Indians would do ,the
same."
Whenever the docto'r, lively, Impulsive,
sympathetic, heard of a wrong his eye
would flash; he was likely to blurt out a
sudden oath, then blush "The Lord for
give me, the Lord forgive me," crossing
himself with tears. The play of pain and
pleasure on the handsome, fair, flushed
face that ssemed to never grow old was a
constant study to his friends. The. trans
parent,' baby-like skin revealed every
heart-throtras the'hot blood ran up to the
roots o( his snowy hair. Like all generous
natures, the doctor was quick-tempered
Cone regretted It more than he. "No, no,
no." might be the irritable answer to some
unlucky petitioner. Then, in a moment
the doctor would turn and beckon. "Here,
here; what do you want?" and grant tho
request.
He could not hear a tale of woe without
lending assistance; the multitude of
stories would fill a volume.
' "He was, Indeed, the Father of Oregon,"
rsays" on aged American. "He came Into'
our colony and led the procession the next
Fourth of July. Every New Year's day -he
used to go up onq street and down an-
tfotber and call at every house. If any one
was in trouble ha saw that necessary aid
was despatched at once he did not
triist
It to others, he saw to it himself. We
would have died when we came- had it not
been for Dr. McLoughlln. He gave us
seed and clothing and the very bread we
ate."
Such was the doctor's humility that al
though weighed down with the respon
sibility of the unpaid debts of the Immi
grants,, he never alluded to any particular
act of charity, neither would he accept
interest on any debt when It "was paid.
RlGf-
CALIFORNIA
THE JVELT GF
and tjwaz,nS
Combined with cow's milk
it duplicates the essential
properties of mother's milk
DELICIOUS NUTRITIOUS
CtllbniU Food Ceaptaj Te fcm btea
Food (or oer taby tiace It ab rctUcU.it
dst fee wtifbed itTta uJ oae-Ju cpaixix. H M
txen Toafctog totihU bowtb ec la tad coctflddtt. H
tamaflxafr testa bspraw tad bug
oarer beta tldk drr tiast His
vciftii codir, at at eaa&t is iblrrr-fetr
poiodt. I bm ibttlotecaoMMK la
SesMgfcs uperiorttr abort aS octet
btbr food. Urt. M.
KiHA. Jr. 2713 Fahes
fSt-5to Brtnrtvo. Cat
Kt oaseatsTS
k.Tfc.iwiua
a far Pr Saaela uuA
'Mode' BSr Bog?
RJGHTir C4UrOS7Si
TOODCO.
LOANGZt&C QU.
Makes Men Vigorous
For the return ot that youthful feelins ot
manhood a prominent Detroit phyalclan and
savant is In possession of a receipt which he
has himself used in his own extensive private
practice with the most startling success.
Though the jears have passed Its equal has
never been found, and with It thousands of
weak men have brought about the cures they
so much longed for. The doctor willingly sends
the formula entirely free to any man who
writes him for it. and they will find it a gift
of lasting -alue. It is good for sexual weak
ness, lost manhood, nervousness, weak bock,
emissions, aricocele lack of force, prostatic
trouble, night sweats. Inability and the many
other embarrassing conditions that befall the
sexually imperfect man. It creates an im
mediate social feeling, warmth and good na
ture, forces actie blood to the muscular Us
eue, tones the neryoue sjstem and arouses bod
ily confidence. It makes the man of 65 as
good as at 35, and the oung man again eager
for society and fit for marriage and parenthood.
Satisfactory results are produced in a day's
use. and a perfect cure In a few weeks, re
gardless of age, or the cause of your condition.
If you need such a remedy eend your name
and address today to the Dr. Knapp Med. Co.,
1722 Hull bldg.. Detroit, Mich., and in aa un
marked en elope the doctor will at once send
jou the receipt, as promised, explaining in de
tail what ingredients to use and how to com
pound them so that any weak man can cure
himself in his own .home without being under
obligations to an j one. It costs jou nothing and
the sooner .you write the sooner jou will be
cured.
If interested and ibonld Jcnotr
About the wonderful
MARVEL Whiriina Snniv
TbVNewLrdlej" Syringe
cr, waiest. Moat
uonrenlent.
lik mr InttUt for
If hr cannot supply the
MARA EL. accent no
other, bnt send stamp for il
lustrated book Maicd.lt glTes
f nil Dartlcnlara and directions in-
T&lnabletoladit- SUKAELCOu,
TloomSOOTtmesBdr.. Naw Tori
roit aaxE by woodaed, cxarxe a co
ROWK MAETIX. ALDBICH rilAHAtACX.
TRA.Vr.T.T.ft$' GUIDE.
riME CARD
OftRAINS
PORTLAND
. . Depart.' Arrive.
Puget bound Limited for
Tacoma. fceatUe, Oljmpla,
South Bend and Gray's
Harbor points........ 8:30aia B:30pa
North. Coast Limited for
Tacoma. Seattle, bpokane,
Butte." St. Paul. Jiew
York. Boston and all
points East and South
east 3.00pm 7:00am
Twin City Express, for
Tacoma. Seattle, Sspokane. .
Helena, St. Paul. Minne
apolis. Chicago, New York. .
Boston and all points East
and Southeast .'.11:45 pra 7:00 pm
Puget sound-Kansas Clty-v
fat. Louis Special. for
Tacoma. 3eattie, Spokane.
Butte Billings, Dem er,
Omaha, Kansas City, St.
Loulfl and all points1
East and Southeast 8:30 am 7:00 am
All trains dally except on South Bend
branch.
A. D. CHARLTON. Assistant General Pas
senger Agent. 255 'Morrison at., corner
Third. Portland. Or.
ANCHOR LINE TJ. i HAIL STEAMSHIPS.
iCjn XUXVJ&. jjAjunjintxx &nu
GLASGOW.
NEW YORK. GIBRALTAR AND NAPLES.
Superior accommodation, excellent cuisine
th comfort of passengers carefully considered.
Elnzle or round trip tickets between New York
I and Scotch, English, Irish and all principal
Scandinavian ana uosunenuu points at attrac
tive rates. Send for Book of Toura. For tick
tz or general information apply to any local
arent of the Anchor Lin a or to Headtrsea
J Bros.. Gen. Agents. Chicago, HL
JXVELT
if2VFiJnrr
BSasbrlgba
I hs . rwMQ
- u -X,
c55
.4j8SkE
iMiMYSRUn
vSs8ia
tsjavsss "w '"tAa
It. V ML CL-
FT4W
TRAVrLXXS' GUIDE.
ftAN
Oregon
Short line
ak union Pacific
3 TRAINS TO THE EAST DAILY
Taroagn Pullman standard and tourist sleep.
la cars daily to Omaha, Chicago. Spok&se;
taurtK sleeping-car daily to Katnai City;
tbrouMi Pullman tourist sleeping-car (person,
ally conducted) weekly to Chicago. Reclining
chair cars (seats free) to the East dally.
UNION DEPOT. Leaves. Arrives.
CHICAGO-PORTLAND
SPECIAL for the East
Via Huntington.
9:16 A. M.
5:25 P. M.
Daily.
oally.
SPOKANE FLYER,
for Eastern Washing
ton. Wall Walla, Lew.
toton, Coeur d'Alene
and Great Northern
points.
7-45 P. M.
8:00 A.M.
Daily.
y.
ATLANTIC EXPRESS.
for tha East via Hunt
ington. J.15 P. M.
9,00 A.M.
Dally.
Duy.
tfCEAN Ayp BTVEB SCHEDULE.
FOR SAN FRANCISCOI
S. S. Geo. wTElder-
8. -00 P. M.
5 rfX) P. M.
MftV B ! bl
Alnsworth
S. S. Oregon
JJOCX.
May l. xl ai, 3L
FOK ASTORIA, and
8.00 P. M.
6:00 P. M.
wj points, eoaaecting
with steamer for !!
Waco and, North JiMch,
teamer Hassaio, Ash
street dock.
Dally
excent
.Daily
except
Sunday,
Sunday.
baturday,
10.00 P. M.
iOR DAXTON, Ore-
STOn Cltv anil Viinhlll
.7.00 A. M.
6.S0 P. M.
Dally
except
Sunday.
Klver points steamers
Dtliy
except
Sunday.
- Mtreet
wto uu .nuin, Asa-
wju vwatcr yer.)
FOR I.T.U-iBTnw
1:40 A. M.
Idaho, and way points
Afcnut
Dally
exeunt
5.00 P. M.
" fupana, wasn.
Steamers Spokane and
except
Friday.
Saturday.
nrenmu.
PORTLAND AN ASIATIC STEAMSHIP
COMPANY.
For Yokohama and Hong Kong, calling at
ijObe, Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking freight
via connecting steamers for Manila. Port
Arthur ni VtaiMvrtlr '
' Ffr .a.n1 XuU Information call on or
""' wmsmig or agents HI U. B. ft H. CO.
EAST
SOUTH Leaves.
UNION DEPOT.
Arrlvee,
PKK&3 TKALNd
8:39 P.M.
tor oalem. Hoao.
7:45 A. M.
burg. Ashland. dc-
pimento, Ogden,
p&n jTanctsco. jio
have, Los Angeles,
i JTMU, 1W Ji.
cans and u jjaat.
8:30 A.M.
jlornlng train con
:00 P. M.
nects at oodburn
kaally except Sun
day) with train toi
?erton. li r o w n -
fvllle, Springfield,.
w enemas aau xa-i
tron.
:00"P. M.
Albany passenger
nv.w A. U.
connects at Wood
burn with Mr. Aagl
and Buverton local.
7:30 A. M.
Corvallls passenger.
3:S0 A. M.
114:00 P.M. laheridan passenger. 1 1 18:25 A. M.
Daily. pally, except Sunday.
PORTLAND-OSWEUO otBUiCBAN SERVICE
AND
YAMHILL DIVISION.
Leave Portland dairy xor Oswego at 7:30 A.
M., J2:50, 2.05, 3:25, 5:20. 6:25, 3:30, 10:10 P.
M. Daily, except Sunday, 5:30, 0.30. 8:35,
10:25 A. M., 4:00. 11:30 P. M. Sunday, only,
9 A. M.
Returning from Oswego, arrive Portland dally
8:30 A. M., 1:55. 3:06. 4:35, 6:15, 7:35. 8.55.
11:10 P. M- Dally, except Sunday. 8:25. 7.20,
0.30, 10:20, 11:45 A. M. Excent Monday, 12:23
A. M. Sunday only, 10.00 A. M.
Leave trom same depot for Dallas and Inter
mediate points dally except Sunday. 4.-OQ p. M.
Arrive Portland. 10 J A. M.
The Independence-Monmouth motor line oper
ates dally to Monmouth and Airile. connecting
with 8. P. Co.' trains at Dallas and Inde
pendenea. First-class fare from Portland to Sacramento
and San Francisco, S20; berthf 5. Second-class
fare. $15; second-class berth, $2.50.
Tickets to Eastern points and Europe. Also
Japan. China, Honolulu and Australia.
CITY TICKET OFFICE, corner Third and
"Washington streets. Phona Main 712.
IEreatNorthebn
City Ticket Office, 122 3d St. Phono 680.
2 OVERLAND TEADTS DAILY O
The Flyer and the Fast Mail m
SPLENDID SERVICE
UP-TO-DATE EQUIPMENT
COURTEOUS EMPLOYES
For "tickets. Botes, Folders and full In
formation, call on or address
H. DICKSON, !Ity Passenger and Ticket Agt.
122 Third Street Portland, Or.
JAPAN-AMERICAN LINE
S. S. KANAGAWA MARU
For Japan, China, and all Asiatic Ports, will
leave Seattle about June 27.
COLUMBIA RIVER SCENERY
PORTLAND to THE DALLES
Regulator
Line Steamers
DAILY (tlCEFT G8SDAY) 7 JL H.
Round trip to Cascade Lock every Monday,
"Wednesday and Friday. Direct line for Mof
fett's, St. Martin's and Collins' Hot Springs.
Connecting " at Lyle, 'Wash., with Columbia
River & Northern Ry. Co. for Ooldendale and
Klickitat Valley pointa. Landing foot of Aider
street. Phone Mais S14.
fl. M'DONALD. Agent.
Astoria & Columbia
River Railroad Co.
Leaven.
UNION DEPOT.
Arrives.-
Dally.
For Maygers. Kainier.
Clatskanie, Weatport,
Clifton, Astoria, War
renton, Flavel. Ham
mond. Fort Stevtns.
Dally.
8:00 A.M.
11:10 A. M.
side, Astoria and; Sea-
score.
Express Dally.
Astoria Express.
7:00 P. M.
0:40 P. M.
uaiiy.
C A. STEWART, J. c. MAYO
Ccmm'l Agt.. 248 Alder st. G. F. & P. V
Phone- Mais 003.
For South -tastern Alaska
S LEAVE SEATTLE 9 A. M.
steamships OITT OF SEAT
TLE. May Id. 26; HUM
BOLDT. May 21. 31; COT
TAGE CITY. May 13. 28.
Steamers connect at San
Francisco with company's
steamero for ports In Califor
nia, Mexico and Humboldt
Bay. Fat further Information
obtain folder. Right Is re
served to change steamers or sailing date.
TICKET OFFICES.
Portland 249 Washington st.
Seattle 113 James st. and Dock
San Francisco - ...10 Market at.
C. D. DUNANN. Gen. Pas. Agt,
10 Market at, San Francisco.
jI 7o
THE PAUTIAL
OREGONIAN BUitDfNG
ppos Hi rami ;
N.
Not a dark office In the building;
absolutely fireproof; electric light
and artesian water', perfect sanita
tion and thorough ventilation; ele
vators run day and night.
AINSLEB, DR. GEORGE, Physician and
Surgeon 006-007
ASSOCIATED PRESS, S, B. Vincent, Mgr..81
AUdTSN, F. c.. Manager for Oregon and
Washington Bankers' Life. Association of
Ou Moines, la... -602-503;
BAAR. DR. GUSTAV. Physician and Sur
geon 806-807
BANKERS' LIFE ASSOCIATION OF DES
MOINES, IA., F. C. Austen. Mgr.. . .602-50J
BATES. PHILIP S., Pub. Pacific Miner... 215
BENJAMIN. R. TV.. Dentist ,...31
BINSWANGER, OTTO S.. Physician and
Surgeon 07-08
BLACKMORE. DR. F. A., Dentist.... ,.... 309
BOG ART, DR. M. D Dentist 70S
BROCK. WILBUR F.. Circulator Oregonlan.501
BRUEREC DR. G. E., Phys 411-412-413-414
CAMPBELL, "WM. M., Medical Referee
Equitable Life 700
CARDWELL. DR. J. R Dentist Wi
CAUKIN. G. E.t District Agent Travelers'
Insurance. Company ....718
CHURCHOiL, MRS. B. J 716-71T
COGHLAN, DR. J. N.. Eye. Ear. Nose and
Throat 713-71
COLLIER. P. F., Publishers; S. P. Mc-
Gulro. Manager 413
COLUMBIA GRANITE CO 417-41
CONNELL, DR. DH TVITTE, Eye. Ear.
Kose and Throat 813-61 '
CORNELIUS, C. W., Phys. and Surgeon. .213
DEVBRE, A. E-, Diseases ot the Hair and
Scalp . ..,.. 3l
DICKSON, DR. J. F.f Physician 713-71
EDITORIAL ROOMS Eighth Floor
EVENING TELEGRAM. 325 Alder Street
EQUI, DR. MARIE D.. Phys. and Sur.. 512-313
EQUITABLE LIFE ASSURANCE SO
CIETT, L. Samuel, Mgr.; G. 8. Smith.
Cashier , 308
FENTON, J. D., Phys.' and Surgeon... 609-510
FENTON, DR. HICKS C. eye. ear, nose
and threat 611 '
FENTON. MATTHBW T.r Dentist, 60S
GALVANI. VIT. H.. Engineer and Draughts
man 609
GEARY, DR. EL P., Physician and Sur
geon 404-405-409
GIEST, DR. A. J., Phya. and Surg 709-710
GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manhat
tan Lite Ins. Co., ot New Tors 209-210
GORAY. DR. J., P., Eye, Ear. Nose and
Throat .. .. .204-205
GRANT. FRANK S.. Attorney-at-Law....61T
GRISWOLD & FHEGLEY. Tailors
M 131 Sixth Street
BAFF & COLWELL. Mining Engineers,
U. S. Deputy Mining Surveyors 602-603
HAMMAN BATHS, Turkish and Russian..
- i 300-301-303
HARDEN, MRS. L. K., Stenographer 201
HAWKB. DR. a E., Phys. and Surg.. 608-609
HOLLISTER. DR. O. C., Physlciarr and
Surgeon , 604-505
HOLMES LUMBER COMPANY 401-403
HOSMER, DR. CHARLES SAMUEL. Physi
cian and Surgeon ....701-703
rDLEMAN, G M., Attorney-at-Law.... 615-618
JEFFREYS, DR. ANNICE F., Phys. and
Surgeon, "Women and Children only 400
JOHNSON. "W. C 315-316-317
KADY; MARK T.. Supervisor of Agents
Mutual Reserve Life Insurance Co 605
LANE, E. L.. Denttot? 613-51
LAWBAUGH, DR. E. A. -804-805
LAWRENCE PUBLISHING CO.., 417-418
LITTLBFIELD & CORNELIUS 213
LITTLBFIELD, H. R., Phys. and Surg.... 313
MACKAY, DR. A. E. Phys. and Surg. .711-713
MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE 'CO.
OF NEW YORK. W. Goldman. Mgr. .209-210
MARSH. DR. R. J., Phys. and Surg.... 309-310
McCOY. NEWTON. Attorney-at-Law 715
Mcelroy, dr. j. g., Phys-. & surg.701-702-703
McGINN. HHNRY E., Attorn ey-at-Law.311-313
McGUUtE. a P.. Manager P. F. Collier.
Publisher 413
McKENZIE. DR. P. L., Phys. and Surg... 20a
METT. HHNRY 218
MOSSMAN. DR. E. P., Dentist 408
MUTUAL RESERVE LIFE INS. CO..
Mark T. Kady. Supervisor of Agents. .604-605
NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attorney-at-Law.718
N1LES, M. M.. Cashier Manhattan Llfo
Insurance Company ot New York 209
NOTTAGB. DR. G. H.. Dentist 608-600
NOTTINGHAM. T. W., Mgr. Tho Warren
Construction Co. ., ... .216-217
O'CONNOR. DR. H. P., Denttet ....S09-31O
ONG. DR. HARLON F., Phys. & Surg.. 304-305
OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY
- 409-410
OREGONIAN' BARBER SHOP. MARSCh"v
A GEORGE. Props. 129 Sixth Street
OREGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU,
J. FV StrauhaL Manager ...200
PACIFIC MINER. Philip S. Bates. Pub.... 215
PAGUEv B. S.. Attorney-at-Law -518
PALMER BROS.. Real Estate and Business
Chances ...... .. ...................417-413
PARKER. DR. MARY. Eye. Ear, Nose and
Throat ..- 612-513
PORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY
....Ground Floor. 123 Sixth Street
REED, C J., Life Insurance 403
REED. WALTER, Optician.... 133 Sixth Street
ROSBNDALE. O. M., Metallurgist and Min
ing Engineer 313
ROTH. DR. JOHN B., Phys. & Surg. . .313-314
RYAN. J. B.. Attorney-at-Law ..615
RYAN. CHAS. N.. Advertising Broker 217
SAMUEL. L.. Manager Equitable Life.... -300
SCOTT. C N., with Palmer Bros 417-418
SHERWOOD. J. W.. State Commander K.
o. t. m. srr
SMITH. DR. ALAN WELCH. Physician
and Surgeon -207-20S
SMITH. DR. L. B.. Osteopath 409-410
SMITH. GEORGE s:. Cashier Equitable
Life . 300
STOLTE, DR. CHARLES E., Dentist.. 704-705
SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. P.
TERMINAL CO - 700
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE.... 201
THE BLUE BOOK CO. MERCANTHJS
AGENCY 601
THE NORTHWESTERN SECURITIES
CO., Stocks and Bonds... 601
TUCKER. DR. GEORGE F., Dentist... 610-611
VESTER. A., Special Agent Manhattan
Lite ...4.. 209
VOSE, DR. WM. H., eye. ear. nose and
throat 81
WARREN CONSTRUCTION CO.. T. W.
Nottingham. Manager 216-217
WASHINGTON LOAN & INVESTMENT
CO 217
WENDLING, DR. ROBT. F., Dentist 705
WILEY. DR. JAMES O. C., Phy. & Sur.7084
WU.SON. DR. EDWARD N Eye. Ear.
Nose and Throat 304-305
WILSON. DR. GEO. F., Phys. & Surg.706-707
WILSON. DR. HOLT C. Phys. & Surg.507-608,
WOOD. DR. W. L.. Physician.. 411-412,413-414
Offices may be had by applylngto
the superintendent of the building,
room 201, second floor
X