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STRENGTH OF THE CATHOLIC CHURCH.
The Rev. Dr. W. S. Rainsford, one of
the ablest clergymen of the Episcopal
Church In New York City in a' recent
address at the annual meeting of the
Toung "Women's Christian Association,
with the wealthy board managers and
givers all present, startled his audience
by saying: "The Lord deliver me from
the highly developed lady board mem
ber. Xou want the worker. There ought
to have been a hundred young women
here. We need the girl that is willing
to give up her afternoon teas, fancy
dress balls and her theater parties and
labor with those of her own age in the
spirit of true charity and gentleness."
Dr. Rainsford further said that wages
do not increase, while the expenses of
living grow constantly; they are 35 per
cent higher for the poor now than they
were ten years ago. The girl may get
$7 a week, and when she returns to her
iiall bedroom after a hard day's worc
in the factory or the store she "begins to
believe that life is a grind. "When she
comes to that point she is in a danger
ous situation, and then Is the time when
well-to-do girls of her own age who
have the true Christlike splrft can help
these girls physically, mentally and
spiritually.
Dr. Kainsford is right, and he has
put his finger upon a weak spot In
Protestantism compared with the mis
sionary efforts of the Catholic Church.
The Catholic Church is more democratic
in its missionary work. It . draws no
color line. In St. Peter's, in Rome, the
meanest-clad Catholic can enter its por
tals and kneel at Its altar any day of
the year. You will see negroes clad in
the garb of a priest In Rome. Macau
lay notes among the causes of th
tenacity of life In the Romish Church
this fact that its worship Is to this
day far more democratic than that of
Protestantism; the Catholic priest and
missionary always gets nearer the heart
of those he seeks to convert to Christ.
The story of jthe devotion of the Catho
lic missionaries to their Indian con
verts in Canada in the seven
teenth and eighteenth centuries is
pathetic on both sides. The Huron In
dian converts, whether they died fight
ing the Iroquois or the savage Puritan
soldiery, died in defense of their priest,
and lie perished "with them and for
them. -
It was equally true of the Catholic
missionaries in China, in Tonquln; it
was equally true of Father Damien and
his successors in the leper colony of
Hawaii. It was equally true of the
Catholic priest among the tribes of the
Northwest. The Catholic priest and
missionary stoops lower to reach and
drag the lost to dry land. He is not
afraid of soiling his hands when he
seeks to redeem the outcast, to restore
the world's wounded and beaten to
health and hope. In New York City to
day the spread of Romanism among
the poor steadily continues be
cause of the superior tact and
wisdom of the missionaries of the
Catholic Church. No Catholic priest or
missionary ever talks about "the de
serving poor." The priest at the Cath
olic Church, where the poor are glad to
congregate. Is no occasional visitor who
makes his hearers feel that the church
is a "charity"; he is no patronizing dis
seminator of old garments. The Cath
olic priest In the churches that the poor
visit in New York lives among his peo-.
pie; he is not a bit too proud to be one
of them. The Catholic Church knows
that organization and system are neces
sary, but it knows and always has
known that no mlsisonary who dodges
personal contact with those to whom he
seeks to preach the gospel .of human
brotherhood is worth his salt The poor
are not fools"; the heathen are not idiots;
they are quickly alive to the differ
ence betweon the man that preaches to
them, that gives them old -clothes, and
the man who is willing and anxious to
be with them personally in their
hours of dire distress and extreme tra
vail. The Catholic missionary to the
Indian was his -priest and also his phy
sician. He suffered equal hardship with
his flock; he faced death in every form
in which his ' flock was compelled to
face it.
In sickness or in health, in sorrow or '
In mirth, in life or death, the priest was
literally the good shepherd who re
pulsed -the rapacious wolf and cared for
the new-born lamb. The democracy of
the methods of -its religious and philan
thropic work has made the poor con
tinue to seek the Church of Rome, and
the Rev. Dr. Kainsford has impulsively
confessed the weakness of the Protes
tant churches in dealing with the city
Doorwhen he says that the dreary want
13 the lack of workers, who have not
simply old clothes and soup tickets to'
give away, but human sympathy to
offer to those who sorely need it.
A SANE CRITIC.
' Sir Leslie Stephen, who died last week
full 4 of years and honors, stood at the
top of English critical writers, because
of his remarkable unity of learning,
sanity of Judgment, open-mindedness
and humor. He was a writer without
mannerisms in style or whimsicalities
in thought. His" intellect was akin to"
that of Thackeray, the intellect of a
man who was at once a humorist and
a satirist, a man of the world and yet
a man of humanity, good sense and
good feeling as distinguished from a
pretentious prophet like Carlyle, who is
always crying like a pelican in the wil
derness, or from a melodramatic liter
ary artist, saturated with cheap senti
mental ism. Tire school of literary crit
icism to which Leslie Stephen belonged
is Jhat whose founder was Charles
Lamb, a man whose powers as a hu
morist have obscured the fact that he
was a keen and subtle critic, whether
he" wrote concerning Shakespeare's
plays and the dramatic literature of
Shakespeare's day or wrote of the mod
ern stage of his own time. This Is not
saying that Leslie Stephen was a double
or- replica of Charles Lamb; it is only
saying that he belonged to Lamb's
school of criticism, the school of sim
plicity of expression and sanity of
thought rather than to the school of
melodramatic, sentimental or sensa
tional criticism.
Stephen was not a partisan or a pane
gyrist; neither was he an arrogant mas
ter of dyspeptic invective or an unprin
cipled seeker after the cheap fame that
Is won by the utterance of the "sl'ash
Ing article." . His father was a-famous
Jurist;. he came, of legal fcjnily for at
least two generations, and Leslie Ste
phen carried to his critical work the
mind of a learned and Just Judge. Such
a man, of. course, would feel bound to
be catholic in his Judgments, such a
man would feel bound to- subordinate
his abounding humor to his sense of
literary truth and historical Justice, and
to this Judicial temperament, married
to a fine sense of humor, was due the
pre-eminence of Leslie Stephen in the
sphere of English literary criticism. On
the appearance ..of his "Studies of
Biographer" it was said of Leslie Ste
phen in both England "and America that
"knowledge and power are exemplified
in all his work,"
To illustrate, take Stephen's conclu
sion regarding Froude. He holds that
there Is no foundation for the sug
gestion that in his "Life and Letters of
Thomns Carlyle" the jdlsclple 'secretly
desired to depreciate the master. In
Stephen's Judgment Froude expected
that his readers would be "as ready as
himself to condone Carlyle's faults of
temper and to regard his "posthumous
confessions as so supremely honorable
as to be ample atonement for the of
fense," but unfortunately his readers
did not appreciate the charm, so obvi
ous to Froude, of -the despotic side of
Carlyle's character. Stephen concludes
that -Froude was as loyal to his mas
ter's memory as he had been affection
ate to him in life; he simply did "hot see
that the public would "not excuse the
harshness of e despot whose rule
Froude loved."
Stephen shows the same catholic
spirit in Judging Froude's historical
writings. He grants that Froude made
strange blunders arrd often used his au
thorities in an arbitrary and desultory
fashion, but after making these con
cessions he says that "if I want to
know something of the Elizabethan
period I can nowhere else find so vivid
and Interesting a narrative." In o'ther
words, Stephen thinks Froude had a
fine historic imagination. He gives you
"if not the real persons, the Images
projected by them upon the imagina
tion of their partisans," and certainly
helps, you to understand the ideals and
prejudices'of the time. For this reason
he prefers Froude to the so-called sci
entific historian who forces you to wait
until he has ascertained the" hard skele
ton of objective fact. He thinks
Froude's artistic Instincts overpowered
his historic vision when he chose Henry
VIII for the part of England's greatest
hero of the sixteenth century: Froude's
effort to prove that Henry constantly
acted like a brutal despot from the
loftiest political motives is described
by Stephen as one of the most heroic
pieces of whitewashing on record, for,
as Stephen says, 'the Protestant re
fused to accept such a champion, and
the burly figure looked awkward in
wings and a white robe."
Froude. "fell dowji," too, when he
tried to make .a-.herolne of Queen Eliz
abeth, whp cared nothing for creeds.
She would- not admit the supremacy of
"The pope over the English Church, but
she hated John Kncx's Calvinism. She
was Just like her brutal old father; she
would fight ably and bravely for her
own hand, but she would not risk her
throne for cither the Catholic or Prot
estant cause; she played one against the.
other as long as she dared, and Leslie
Stephen pronounces a sound Judgment
of Englandls so-called great Queen
when he says: "Her greatness was an
Illusl6n, due partly to the fate which
forced her at last to accept the policy
of her great Ministers, whose advice she
had rejected for thirty years, and partly
to the stupendous run of luck which
saved her fromthe consequences of her
blunders." The conclusion of Stephen
is that Froude's style was superior to
that of Macaulay; that no man' of his
generation had so fine a. literary faculty;
that his style was entirely free from
the jrnannerismsof Carlyle, was equally
vivid, .was thoroughly masculine, and
yet never flat, prosaic or violent."
The paper of Mr. Stephen on "Shakes
peare as a Man" has already been con
sidered by The Oregonian. -It Is
sufficient to say here that Mr.
Stephen thinks Shakespeare's plays
reveal thahe was fond of field sports,
was sensitive to the charms of natural
scenery: that he was fond of convivial
meetings; that he was clearly an intel
lectual aristocrat, full of contempt for
the mob; that he believed the cultivated
and intelligent should rule and the com
mon herd have as little direct voice as
possible in ?tatc affairs. Mr. Stephen
thinks he was a humorist, a scorner of
pedantry, radically opposed to Puritan
ism or any kind of fanaticism, a money
saver and a thrifty man of business.
Even as "Walter Scott held the man of
action, like "Wellington, superior to the
man of letters, Shakespeare thought
that "to defeat the Armada was a more
Important bit of work than to amuse
the audiences at the Globe." Of Milton
Mr. Stephen says that Satan is clearly
the hero of "Paradise Lost"; that in the
first book he is not only "the embodi
ment of heroic endurance, but obviously
deserves the- confidence of his follow
ers. He expresses -his grandeur and
rises to meet overpowering enemies like
Teneriff e "or Atlas." Milton's unrivaled
mastery over biani; Terse is attributed.
by Mr. Stephen largely to his marvelous
musical ear, and this exquisite ear was
"at the service of a character of unique
dignity, moved by Intense convictions,
contemptuous of all that was mean and
trivial, hard, dogmatic and unsympa
thetic, but constantly under the stress
of Intense and massive emotion, which
finds its natural clothing in his un
equaled diction." The point is well
taken. Coleridge had as fine an ear as
Milton, but he had not the Milton char
acter of unique dignity, moved by in
tense convictions; he was a dreamer.
THE IDLE RICH IN COLLEGE.
In a recent speech before the Harvard
Club dinner in New York City Profes
sor A. Lawrence Lowell referred to the
fact that Harvard's characterization as
the rich man's college had undoubtedly
Injured it in the Middle "West. "While
there are three poor men working their
way through Harvard for every one
whose father is a millionaire, neverthe
less Professor Lowell admitted that at
Cambridge there is the danger that the
students who spend two or three thou
sand dollars for their lavishly furnished
rooms, who drive their automobiles and
Tide their horses, will lower the stand
ards for the under-graduate body.
These gilt-edged calves of golden bulls
have already split up the college into
various sets and cliques. These idle
rich herd by themselves In buildings
where they have a swimming tank,
gymnasium and breakfast room under
one roof. Many of them, says Profes
sor Lowell, are Indifferent and lazy.
This is all true. These idle rich un
doubtedly do Infect other students who
are not rich with their Indolence. The.
shameful spectacle has heen witnessed
of recent years, formerly unknown, of
college students of honorable lineage
stooping to crime and their demoraliza
tion was probably due to the" dally ex
hibit of extravagance and luxury which'
they could not obtain except by playing
the part of a parasite or a thief.
These Idle rich students always come
from the best schools of the country,
and come so well prepared that It is an
easy matter for them to enter college
and to keep up after a fashion with
their classes. They have plenty of
money to hire tutors to help them
"cram" for critical examinations, and
they worn' through college without
really doing work. They never become
sound scholars; occasionally one of
them obtains a little superficial dilet
tante culture which he could and prob
ably would have obtained without go
ing to college, but the great majority of
these idle rich college youth are vic
tims to the athletic craze, if they are
fellows of robust constitution, and if
they are not robust enough to row or
kick football they- are generally robust
enough ta gamble and drink to mcpm
and 'to recall the "Latin quarter" of
Paris by the exclusive felicity they ap
pear to find in wine, women and bac
chanal song. The New York Evening
Post, commenting upon Professor Low
ell's statement, says that "these Idle
rich students are within reach of the
college authorities, and can be made to
work; If not, the college has itself to
blame for the disturbing element" This
is true, but who ever hears nowadays
of a college finding any partlcularfault
with the pranks of the idle rich? E.
Benjamin Andrews, the head of the
University of Nebraska, the other day
bluntly declared that the universities
are dependent largely forthelr support
on the rich, and he defended the busi
ness methods of John "W. Rockefeller
apparently for no more logical reason
than that Andrews and Rockefeller are
both Baptists. The strongest protest
against the acceptance of Rockefeller's
money by the University of Nebraska
comes from Ida M. Tarbell, who says:
Money is one of the minor necessities in
making honest thinkers and courageous ac
tors. It Is useful In an educational insti
tution only in the hands of men who pre
fer to do without It rather than to dull the
conscience of faculty, students and friends
by compromising -with any kind of moral
or intellectual subterfuge. If the acceptance
of a gift from John D. Rockefeller brings
with it tacit recognition of the commercial
principles which he has employed with more
conspicuous success than any other man in
the country If It closes the mouth of any
roan in Nebraska to the corrupting Influence
of these principles, no greater calamity can
befall the University of Nebraska than to
accept hla money.
Three-fourths of the newspapers and
about two-thirds of the people of Ne
braska agree with Miss Tarbell; but the
chances are the regents of the Univer
sity will accept the money and erect
"a religious temple" as a monument to
Uhe memory of John D. Rockefeller and
his methods In business." The wrong
of this proceeding would seem to be ob
vious when we remember that the Uni
versity of Nebraska Is supported by
public taxation and has no real need of
relying upon rich men and imposing
the influence of such men upon the
teachings of the institution. It was "W.
H. H. Murray who, after describing the
Rockefeller type of successful land
pirate in business, said:
Tou can roetallze a man so that every
one of the millions of pores In his skin stand
for a dollar mark. But I know of no one
who gives such a metallic metamorphosis of
a man any thought unless It be some de
generate university that wants an endow
ment. Between two such the fellowship of
exchange is natural. The one gives his check
and the other responds with an LL. D.
Of course, universities that are ready
to beg or acceptmoney of such fellows
as Rockefeller arVnot going to find any
fault with the alcoholic antics or versa
tile rakishness or obviously Incurable
Indolence of rich men's boobies who are
sent to college, because the college
might be cut off with a shilling in the
will of the booby's father. The worst
influence of the Idle rich in college Is
that they are responsible to a great de
gree for the abuse of athletics. Fifty
years ago there were "athletics" enough
in Harvard to swell the ranks of the
Union Armies with her gallant sons In
every state. No man who has come out
of Harvard since I860 compares in
brains or body with dozens of men who
were graduated between 182S and 1850,
when there was no abuse of athletics.
The sons of Harvard before the war
rowed their boats on Charles River;
they made mountain excursions to Mo
nadnock and the "White Hills; they vis
ited the Adlrondacks; they went trout
ing and fowling, but there was no
abuse of athletics, no "athletic" craze.
The advent of the idle rich with their
money, their love of excitement, which
belongs to all idle, dissipated men, has
produced this vile abuse of athletics,
which in its Intemperance is Just as
fatal a form of dissipation to real In
tellectual power or force of character
as excessive conviviality. The Idle rich
in every dime always drink and gam
ble, always frequent racetracks and
playgrounds where they can yelland
bet and" bet and yell on man or beast,
and here the Idle rich meet the Idle
poor, who are anxious to "do up" the
idle rich, and generally succeed. This 1
abuse of athletics has about run Its
course in England, and sooner or later
it will be surrendered to the custody
sad guardjacsblp of- men who acs fit
for nothing better and of whom we ex
pect nothing better.
The days ny not boob come agakt
when an American college Will able
to conduct Its work in the spirit of the
founders, of the EdlnfcuVsh Review, who
took for their motto "We cultivate lit
erature on a little oatmeal," but it la
not too much to expect that our col
leges will graduate some more heroic
stuff than a bullnosed creature with a
big calf and a hothouse biceps. In the
recent war with the Boera Mr. Kipling
expressed bitter contempt for the Eng
lish youth, "the nuddled oafs at the
goals," who were boisterous champions
in the sham battles of peace, but had
no stomach' for real war when it came,
and now Mr. "William "Watson, in the
Fortnightly Review, says that "athlet
icism has possibly served some useful
ends, but the worship of muscle has
gone quite far enough and It Is about
time brains had its turn." Refer
ring to Kipling's bitter satire, Mr. "Wat
son says:
I cannot think It a fact of very cheerful
augury that In moments of a thrilling his
toric crisis, when it might have bee a sup
posed that every adult brain la the land
would be touched to something of solemnity
at thought of the national peril, oae could
have seen the young manhood of the country
trooping in its thousands to fleet the time
In rapt and excited contemplation of a kicking
game.
A BEAD MAN SPEAKETTL
It is on Interesting fact that all the
great reforms In our Army organiza
tion were carefully set forth and urged
upon the attention of our Government
by General Emory Upton, U. 8. A., in
a military report made by him on his
return from an official tour of observa
tion of the armies of Europe and Asia.
General Upton died in 183L but his re
markable report remained unpublished
until about a month ago H was ordered
printed by Secretary of ,War Root.
Upton was graduated from "West Point
In 1861, ranking No. 8 In a class of 45
members. He rose rapidly to distinc
tion In the Clvi "War; he command
ed the assaulting column of twelve
picked regiments at Spottsylvanla, May
10, 18B4. His prompt charge at the head
of his brigade restored our broken lines
and saved the day for Sheridan at Ope
quan, September 19, 1854. He was
greatly distinguished as a commander
of a dlvisI6n of cavalry Jn General J. H.
"Wilson's assault on Selma, Ala., In
April, 1865. Upton began a3 a com
mander of a battery of artillery, and he
was mustered out as a Major-General
of "Volunteers at the age of 26. In ar
tillery, Infantry and cavalry Upton had
exhibited first-class military ability.
The late Professor Michie pronounced
Upton the moat accomplished soldier,
all things considered, that has ever
been known in our service, "the equal,
If not the superior, of Hoche, Desaix
or Skobeloff in alL military accomplish
ments and virtues." In this report,
which fell fiat Jn the ears of our Gov
ernment and remained pigeon-holed at
the time of Upton's death, in 1881, he
recommended the three-battalion for
mation in cavalry and infantry regi
ments; interchangeable service in staff
and line as against permanent staff de
partments; examination as a condition
of promotion and the establishment of
a general staff and the general and sys
tematic extension of military educa
tion. This reprt and its recommenda
tions were atnhe time warmly Indorsed
by General Sherman, who then com
manded the American Army, but this
report was not even printed, and not
until Secretary Root succeeded to the
"War Departimmt, long after Upton's
death, were the Banity and wisdom of"
his concluslonsSrecognlzed and put Into
effect. Secretory koot frankly ac
knowledges his Indebtedness to Upton's
report, and alt the great reforms for
which that flneoldier contended have
been substantially secured the three
battalion system, the interchangeabll
ity of staff and line, examinations for
promotion, the establishment of a gen
eral staff and the creation of the "War
College at "Washington.
Upton left an unpublished manuscript
at the time of his death, which has Just
been published This essay is a review
of our whole military history from the
beginning of the. Revolutionary "War to
the close of the war between the states.
General Upton pleads that the United
States has suffered greatly In the past
because the majority of our people have
mistaken military resources for mili
tary strength, and his aim is to show
the enormous and unnecessary sacrifice
of life and treasure which has attended
all our armed struggles, in the Revo
lution, the "War of 1812, the Florida
War, the Mexican War and. the great
Rebellion. This Chinese military pol
icy, under which no careful preparation
for war is made until the Nation's ex
istence is at stake, finds its explanation
In the stupid Jealousy with which even
a small standing Army has been re
garded. In the persistent use of new
troops. In the want of a flexible mili
tary organization, in short and volun
tary enlistments procured by large
bounties, and In other defects Insepara
ble from a militia and volunteer sys
tem. General Upton points out that our
stupid reliance on short-term militia
men pitted against veteran troops cost
us at Bladensburg In 1812-14 the loss of
Washington and the destruction of our
public archives. The excellence of our
volunteers in the Civil "War was hot due
to the fact that they were volunteers,
but "to the far more decisive fact that
their long term of service enabled them
t& become in the highest sense regulars
in drill, discipline and courage." But
General Upton points out that "In the
process of attaining this discipline and
achieving the resultant reputation the
Nation was overwhelmed with debt and
nearly every family- In the land was
plunged Into mourning."
General Upton's book seeks to con
vince the people that in every civilized
country success In war depends upon
the organization and application of its,
military resources of men, material and 1
money. General Upton says that the
defeats of Long Island and Camden in
the Revolution, those of Queens town
and Bladensburg in the "War of JS12.
and that of Bull Run, were due to the
weakness of our military system, to the
employment of militia and undisciplined
troops commanded by Generals and offi
cers utterly ignorant of the military
art; to short enlistments; to reliance
upon voluntary enlistments Instead of
voluntary enlistments coupled with
conscription; to confusing volunteers
with militia and surrendering to the
states the right to commission officers
of volunteers, as they do officers of the
militia, and finally the failure to appreciate-military
education and to distrib
ute trained officers as battalion, regi
mental and higher commanders in our
volunteer armies. General Upton be
lieves that 20,000 regular troops would
In the first battle of Bull Run have
routed the Insurgents and saved us the
suspense and awful wastefulness of
blood and treasure incident to four
years of war.
The methods of our military system J
or rather lack of system, in our Civil
"War entailed a vast and needless ex
pense of life and property. General Up
ton says that military resources arc
one thing; military strength another.
The strength, ot our Government at
Bladensburg was measured by 6000 mi
litia; at the first battle of Bull Run. hy
35,000 militia. "In one case the capital
fell into the hands of the enemy, while
In the other our existence as a Nation
possibly depended upon the Irresolution
and supinenesg of a band of Insurgents.
At Gettysburg the wave ot rebellion
was resisted by 80,000 veteran troops;
had we trusted to the same number of
militia, the capital would have been
captured and the Government Irrepara
bly destroyed."
THE GARBAGE PKOBLE3.
The committee of the "Woman's Club
appointed to Investigate the manner In
which garbage is collected and disposed
of in this city pictures that the method
pursued .is expensive, unsanitary and
totally Inadequate to the needs of the
city. In this estimate it is right. Care
ful householders who desire to keep
their premises clean and free from
odors that attract files In Summer and
are scarcely less pungent and vile in
the damp atmosphere of "Winter are
very often baffled in this desire by the
forgetfulness of the garbage man or his
inability to "gat around" until his visit
is long overdue and the mass In the
back yard smells to heaven. This
being true. It i3 quite unnecessary to
go Into detail in regard to the decaying,
vilely malodorous matter that careless
people permit to accumulate In their
back yards, and basements until such
time as they can, without special effort,
hall the driver of a garbage cart or of a
country vegetable wagon and Induce
him, for a quarter of a dollar, more or
less, according to the result of the dick
ering, to take the rotten, repulsive mass
away. a
As to the expenslveness of the
method, the most simple statement of
facts makes this plain. From $6 to $18
a year is paid by each Individual house
holder who Is intelligent enough to
dread typhoid and other filth diseases,
and prudent enough to do what he can
to ward them off, for this very prim
itive and wholly unsatisfactory service.
Again, the practice of putting all
sorts of refuse, whether from kitchen,
furnace or dooryard or stable. Into an
unsegregated mass, against the hoped
for coming of the scavenger, Js general
throughout the city. This should be
stopped by municipal mandate. One
receptacle for ashes, another for tin
cans, broken crockery and glass, and
yet another for kitchen and market
refuse, should be placed in every back
yard in Portland. The householder
should provide these receptacles Just as
he does a bin for his coal or potatoes,
and the one for the kitchen garbage
should be properly covered. This refuse
should be collected at stated Intervals
and disposed of by the city according
to some plan that promises at least
partjal remuneration for handling it,
or if that, In the present stage of our
municipal and rural development, is Im
practicable, at the public expense
which, in the opinion of the committee
whose report Is referred to above, would
not exceed $50,000 a year.
The people of the "Western world are
wasteful; that those of Portland lead
the van of the grand army of wastrels
is shown by the enormous waste of the
garbage system in vogue, the end and
aim of which" is to destroy utterly
everything that goes under the name of
garbage. This purpose is not fully car
ried out, as the reeking piles of gar
bage un consumed that from time to
time betray their foul presence by far
reaching odors attest But the purpose
prevails. The views of the "Woman's
Club committee may not all be of a
practical nature, but they are well
worthy of attention, while soma of the
suggestions made are plainly practical.
For example, the segregation of refuse
by classifying and requiring it ,to be
deposited In separate receptacles, where
It is accumulated, should not "be diffi
cult, certainly not Impossible. Such
rules are made and enforced In other
cities whynot in happy-go-lucky Port
land? The enforcement of an ordinance
requiring garbage retainers to be kept
clean would perhaps be more difficult,
since people's ideas of what constitutes
cleanliness vary greatly, but It is worth
while to make an effort in this direc
tion. It would at least be, educational
and in time might meet w'ith a degree
of success.
It is plain that the City Council has
much to learn in this matter, which
must be learned, and the knowledge ob
tained vigorously applied before Port
land will be even approximately a clean
city. That body cannot set Itself to this
task too soon, nor can It find instruct
ors imore energetic, alert or earnest in
the work than can be found among the
intelligent, public-spirited women who
have lately investigated, the garbage
problem of Portland and outlined plans
for Its solution. It will be easy to make
Portland a "rose city"; to make It a
clean city will be much more difficult.
Indeed this will be impossible under
the present go-as-you-please methods
of collecting and disposing of its gar
bage. The position of Count Cassini, Rus
sian Ambassador at "Washington, Is
somewhat embarrassing to him. "While
our Government has proclaimed and
will maintain strict neutrality In the
struggle now on between Russia and
Japan, the American people almost to
a unit hope to see Japan win. This Is
partly due to a feeling of magnanimity
which arrays Itself upon the side of the
weaker party, which has been harried
into war by the stronger, and partly
because the belief is strong that Japan
Is fighting the battle of open ports for
the "Western world, while Russia is con
tending, among other things, for ex
cluslveness, distinctly hostile In charac
ter, in trade and. business. The Rus
sian Ambassador has asked for suspen
sion of judgment by the American peo
ple upon these points, but In the very
nature of things it is somewhat difficult
to accede to his request. In fact, if he
would be happy, he will have to content
himself with the official attitude of the
United States and ignore the prefer
ences of private citizens in the matter.
It is too late to ask people to "suspend
judgment" after their minds have been
fully made up.
The question whether Russia ever had
the right she now threatens to exercise
to pass through the Dardanelles with
warships has 'been recently asked.
There was an ancjent rule which pro
hibited ships of foreign powers from
entering the straits so long as the Porte
was at peace. This rule differed from
the one which governed the neutrality
of the Black Sea. By the terms of the
latter Russia and Turkey were each
limited to six steam vessels of not more
than 800 tons and four steam vessels
,jf not do re thajj 2 teas, wbift both
countries were prohibited from estab
. lishing any naval station on the shores
of the sea. In October, 1870, however,
Russia abrogated this rule so far as it
applied to the size and number of ves
sels which she was allowed to maintain
on the Black Sea. Bismarck, as a com
pliment to Russia for neutrality in the
Franco-Prussian War, proposed a con
ference to consider the question. The
body thus called adopted a treaty
(March 13. 1871). the terms, ot which ac
corded with Russia's desire in the mat
ter, though the rule regarding the pas
sage of the Dardanelles was still per
mitted to stand. Many of Russia'
heaviest battleships now ride at anchor
in the Black Sea, ready In case of sud
den stress to venture the passage of the
Dardanelles, but withheld from so do
ing by the menacing attitude of Eng
land. She ha3 also numerous naval ar
senals along the shores of this great
inland ocean and doubtless considers
that there, as in Manchuria, possession
is the nlne.point8 In law which gives
her more than the traditional fighting
chance to secure the undisputed right
to hold what she can take.
Senator Allison's wariness of direct
statements is proverbial among public
men In Washington. The anecdote
about a friend winning a wager of a
cigar from an Iowan that the Senator
would not state in sa many words that
a flock, of sheep approaching had been
sheared has become familiar. "They
seemed to be' sheared on this side," the
Senator is quoted as having said. The
other day In the Senate this anecdote
was duplicated after a fashion. There
had been discussion about the wisdom
of appropriating a lump sum anHually
for keeping the sidewalks of the streets
of Washington free from sncw and ice.
Mr. Allison was drawn into the discus
sion. "Snow has beer, falling on the
streets and sidewalks of Washington
for many years past," observed Mr. Al
lison. "And will for many years to
come," interposed Senator Spooner. "As
to that," rejoined Senator Allison, "I
will not prophesy."
D. M. Parry, the pronounced foe of
organized labor, has found that even
the nonunion worm will turn If too
closely pursued. Seventy-five men em
ployed by the Parry Manufacturing
Company at Indianapolis, thought a cut
In wages from 72 cents to 57 cents per
piece since October was quite as deep a
gash as they could stand fand live. So
when an additional cut of' 2 cents was
announced a few days ago they struck
Just as horrid union men have been
In the habit of doing in recent years.
And the men were paid oft and turned
adrift in the storm, without signs of
compunction on the part of the anti
union employer, Ju3t as if they had been
union men asking for a living wage.
A Quartermaster's clerk whose con
science would not permit him to spell
"routing" "routeing," even at the com
mand of his superior officer, has been
dealt with by the War Department, and
as a consequence finds himself out of a
job. This is as it should be. A sol
dier's first duty is obedience. He is not
supposed to have any conscience when
it comes to obeying orders. The point
in thi3 instance was a trivial one, but
the prlncli that is behind it lies at
the very foundation of military disci
pline. The soldier Is not In the Army
to use his own Judgment or consult his
own preferences, but to obey orders.
And he has his compensation. If things
go wrong he. is not to blame.
Most people will agree that a mortu
ary or memorial occasion Is not a
proper time to air personal grievances.
The explanation that a large number
of the profession to which the aggrieved
person belongs were present, before
whom It was desired to have a hearing,
does not excuse a breach of propriety
so extraordinary as that witnessed In
the Courthouse Friday afternoon. If
there Is one time in which the petty
contentions of life seem more utterly
insignificant than any and all others lb
Is In the presence of death. Judge Cle
land's rebuke to the offending attorneys
upon this occasion was timely. It was
certainly no place for anything in the
nature of personal contention.
The Pekin correspondent of the Lon
don Times says that while the Trans
Siberian Railway proper Is wretchedly
built, the so-called East China rail
ways of Russia are so much better than
the Siberian line that one must calcu
late that for all local railway trans
port, in the triangle Port Arthur-Har-bin-Vladlvostok,
it should be possible
Ho dispatch twelve to fifteen trains a
day at an average speed of twenty miles
an hour, and. that so- long as these rail
ways remain Intact they should play a
most Important role In enabling Russia
to meet a Japanese attack or to trans
fer Russian forces from one flank of
the front of strategic deployment to the
other. ,
The Trans-Siberian Railroad 5935
mlle3 In length was built by the Rus
sian government at a cost of $81,326 per
mile. This cost, as compared with that
of several of the longest American rail
roads, is favorable to the American sys
tem of construction by private enter
prise,, as against government ownership
as in Russia. The following official
table tells the story:
Railroad Cost rwr tt!1
Trans-Siberian Railway tnJiZa
Union Pacific xnnsn
Northern Pacific ! 50237
Missouri Pacific asirvr
Great Northern 40J371
Charles A. Crane, ot Chicago, who'
cabled Russia saying that he gave $10.
000 to the relief fund because he be
lieved "Russia's hand had been forced
by treachery." has evidently more
money at his command than informa
tion, or he would know that Russia had
more than once made war without for
mal declaration; that .France has done
so, and the United States has done so;
that nearly every nation in Europe did'
so at some time during the Napoleonic
wars.
The spectacle of the people of Russia,
led by the Czar, Czarina and commander-in-chief
of the army, prostrate at
the confessional, in the hope of securing
divine favor In war. is one that at this
distance Is more ludicrous than solemn.
A partial God, one who can be propi
tiated by offerings, or swayed by prayer
and adoration the traditional "God of
battles" Is out of date among people
who dp their own thinking.
Joy.
Coventry Patmore.
Sweet order hath ifs drauKjjt of bliss
Graced with the pearl ofuod's consent.
Ten times ecstatic In that 'tis ;
Considerate and Innocent.
In vain disorder grasps the cup;
The pleasure's not enjoyed, but spilt;
And. if he stoops to lick it up.
It only tastes of earth and guilt;.
His sorry raptures rest destroys;
To live like comets they must 'roam;
On settled poles turn solid Joys.
Ivt SPm-Uke pleasures shisfi at .hane.
X0XE AND COMMENT.
Much of a Muchne. "" t
"Darned If I can find Xuchuchwaftg on
the map," said Popper, as he looked up
from the Daily Dingbat.
"Why, John!"
You're studying- the puzzle picture!"
r"
What May Be Expected..
"Wanted to rent Furnished house "in Port
Stet'Ta Mnst bh outeW''t? dls-
- Machen will discover that there!s no
free delivery service in jaiL
The un burst f ortH after one dfyes
terday's heavy showers.
"Look." said Ethel,, aged 4, "God's
laughing now."
After 40 minutes' brisk -cannonading
at Port Arthur one Chinaman was
killed. There is some discussion as to
whether or not this should take the
belt from the Matanzas mule perform
ance. According to the London Dally Mall,
"munching parties" are much 4n vogue
in London as a result of the health
food fad. Guests are Invited on the con
dition that, each mouthful of food they
take must be chewed 22 times. What a
blessed relief this" fashion must be, both
to unwilling talkers and still more un
wll!ng listeners.
Girls that want husbands should ap
ply for a job on the Tillamook Herald.
The editor of that paper challenges the
United States to bring forward another
that has boosted the marriage license
market to such an extent. From the
list given it appears that the Herald
should display the union label one
with Cupids on it on the front page.
Miss Maud Jones, M:ss Dora Dpnald
son and Miss Kathryn Plank have all
declared for the matrimonial platform
tne last very appropriately within
a year. And of the male sex, the editor
has been the one to marry. What girl
wouldn't sling type in Tillamook?
Salem's City Marshal is having soma
trouble in consequence of a movement
to have him enforce the city ordi
nances. Other cities have had the samo
difficulty. Would it v not be' well for
Councilmen to affix a note to each or
dinance they pass, a note that would
distinctly set forth either that tha
ordinance wa3 meant to be obyed or
was meant to be disregarded? Cities
could thus have two sets of statutes,
and Councilmen could have any meas
ure they brought up passed unanimous
ly on the understanding that it should
be placed in the noneffective clasa.
This would please a very worthy class
of men and would not Involve police
officials and other authorities in any
trouble oyer the nonenforcement of
certain laws and regulations that at
present furnish practically all the
municipal campaign literature in the
stats.
"We are being assimilated to Old
World ways far too rapidly." says the
New Tork Evening Mail. "Here are
the waiter girls, who have always re
tained much of the character of ladies
In this chivalrous land, throwing all
that overboard and Insisting on tips, as
their sisters do in London or Berlin."
Then the Mail goes on to lament that
the days of flirtation, flirtation that the
flirter indulged in "on his responsibility
as a gentleman," are over, and to sigh
over the fact that the American- wait
ress has, for several years, received "a
bit of silver after a meal with perfect
composure." How about the girls?
Surely they didn't esteem flirtation, no
matter how conducted on the part of
the diner, as gold and tips of silver, if
not mere dross. Then, too, the Ameri
can waitress is always composed.
Would the Mall have her exhibit more
perturbation over a "bit of silver" (a
dime?) than she does over spilling a
plate of soup down one's neck? Tha
waitress retains Just as much of "her
character as a lady," and Is just as
ready to flirt as ever, and she is the
amount of her tips ahead.
Miss Emily Schonard was employed
as a detective by Franklin Union, No.
4, of Chicago. She went to various
printing offices to ascertain what girls
were working. In giving evidence be
fore Judge Holdom, Miss Schonard tes
tified as follows:
They told me to go to "W. F. Hall & Co.
and flndUout what girls were working there.
I applied for a position, and they told ma
to come back the next morning, but I never
went back, for I got all the rubber I wanted.
It is a proverbial saying that the
court knowsothing about anything,
and the court on this occasion did not
belle the originator of the saw, for
Judge Holdom interrupted the witness
to ask what "rubber" meant in ths
connection.
"Well, r saw all I wanted to," ex
plained the-witness.
What would the poor innocent Judge
do if he were taken to a dime show in
Portland, where at least three out of
five "comedians" get off a gag about
Lot's wife turning to salt and Portland
men turning to rubber? Probably Hl3
Honor would order the performers to
show cause why they should not be
fined for contempt of' court in refusing
to furnish diagrams with their jokes.
Some time ago we commented upon
the sense of artistic fltness shown by
a Parisian artist who hanged himself
from a statue of Venus, and deplored
the fact that only In France could such
devotees of art be found. Now comes
an American, needless to say an Ameri
can girl, to show that lamentations
were unnecessary and. Indeed, that re
joicings would be more appropriate.
This girl hanged herself with some
pink ribbons. Not that we uphold, pink
as an appropriate color for the suicidal
noose in every instance. It would be
too garish a color for Hetty Green, say.
or Mrs. Fiske, to be found- dead in. But
in the particular case to which we re
fer, pink was the color most befitting.
The girl who hanged herself had been
a chambermaid at the Waldorf-Astoria,
and pink ribbons have ever
been associated with chambermaids. It
Is possible to think of ribbons of that
hue without thinking of chambermaids,
but it is quite Impossible to think of
chambermaids without a vision of pink
ribbons. There is something so ob
vious about the colqr, such an evident
prettiness, that the soul of the uncul
tured presumably chambermaids, save
in Bo3ton, are uncultured capitulates
instantly to the waving ribbons. And
since an employe of the Waldorf-Astoria
is doubtless neat and coquettish,
what more suitable instrument of death
than a festoon of pink ribbons? Ad
mirable girl, seemly in death, you have
lightened the hearts of those that-had
feared for the artistic future ot
America,
WEXFORD JONES.