pXrt four
PRGES 29 TO 40
VOL. XXIII. v PORTLAND, OREGON, SUNDAY MORNiyg, FEBRUARY 21, 1904. ' NO. 8.
MOW IS
OW is the. time, this year, at Port-
iana, to prune rose Dusnes, es
pecially the hardy varletlea. I say
this year because It Is a little earlier
than the usual time for most years. "Wc
have many-years -when the average temp
erature Is about the same as during the
last three months. This season we have
had no cold -weather. The lowest temp
erature was 3 degrees below freezing
pclnt, that Is, 29 degrees above zero. As
a result most of the rose bushes In and
near Portland are full of sap and have
begun to grow. The chances are very
great that we shall not have any
weather cold enough to damage the rose
bushes. A wet snow will not hurt them.
Should we have a "freeze up," which is
exceedingly unlikely, nearly all rose
bushes probably would bo killed to the
ground, whether pruned or unpruned. It
is best to prune now, for if the mild
weather continues the bushes cannot be
-pruned later without hurting them. In
-this urtfete J cannot go into the ques
tion why It hurts a rose bush to prune
It when growing strongly.
Ways of Pruning.
The more severely a rose bush is
pruned the stronger will bo the new
shoots. The weaker or less vigorous a
bush Is the more severely it should be
pruned. The general rule for pruning
Is, therefore, prune severely the dwarf
giawlng varieties and less severely the
strong growing varieties. There are some
exceptions to this rule which I shall men
tion further on in this article. The first
thing in pruning rose bushes is cutting
awij all the decayed and thinning the
crowded and useless shoots. The decayed
wood is to be cut away to keep the de
cay from spreading; tho crowded shoots
are those jLOj'close together, which will
Interfere with the growing and the bloom
ing, Only one shoot should be. loft where
two or three or more are vers close to
gether. It Is of the utmost Importance to
remove the shoots In tho center of the
bush, so as to let In the light to the
center of the bush. Tho useless Ghbots
are mostly the unripened shoots and the
lateral branches which lnterfore with
each other. In cutting away shoots they
should bo cut several inches below the
surfa-e of the ground, so they will not
send up new shoots. There arc one of
two oljccts in pruning a rose bush: One
Is to produce specimen' or exhibition roses,
that 1?. cumparatively few flowers; tho
other is to obtain good roses and quite
a r.umf'er of them. The latter are called,
for convenience, for garden decoration, in
this article "Which is proferrable. the
owner must decide. He cannot have mag
nificent specimens and plenty of them
on one bush. A most excellent book on
roses, entitled "Roses for English Gar
dens," -was written by Miss Gertrude
Jekyll and Mr. Edward Mawley. The
American edition was published In 1902 by
Messrs. Charles Forlbners Sons, of Now
York. They havo klndly given me writ
ten permission to have printed in this ar
ticle plates shown herein which are taken
from plates printed in that book. Miss
I m T- : ' '. V ' ' ' - : 7 l ? : ' 1 ; . r ' " ' T : ' " ' 1 1 -L -' V1 ' " ' ' " " " "-' 1 1 1 1 ,
WANTS PORTLAND GARDENS BEAUTIFIED WITH
T3E lengthening days remind us that
Spring is near at hand, and the
swelling buds give proof of It. Now
Is the time to begin thinking about the
Summer garden and to decide just what
wo will grow In It this year. Roses they
go without saying but it Is not fair to
the beautiful flora of this state to con
fine ourselves entirely to them. Why not
bank the corners of yards and lawns with
beautiful annuals? Why not fill the back
yard, which is so often unsightly, with
hardy bloomors which will give brilliant
coloring and delightful fragrance all the
Summer months? There are hundreds of
beautiful annuals which for a little at
tention will pay one back tenfold for the
trouble it has been to sow the seed and
give them water to drink. They will fur
nish gay blossoms for your house and
Elve a picturesQue appearanjee to your en
tire property.
A mansion without suitable garden and
flowers Is like soup without salt, and the
poorest hut grown "over with vines and
flowers gives a most pleasing appearance.
To work among flowers has a rcfinlng,ln
fluence upon a person to sow, transplant
nnd mirse these hAnntlf.il
u. ...ubkiuuzr jl
Gcd and to obsorve how grateful these
little plants are ior tao ravor one shows
them, is a lesson well learned. Is it not
reviving to a. man who has toiled all day
at business to work wnea evening comes
among bis pets?
There are Jn this city wealthy, highly
THE TIME TO . VRUN E THE
-AN EXHIBITION ROSE BEFORE AND . AFTER PBCXIXO. -
Jekyll's Idea is to use the rose largely
for garden decoration. The technical part
of the book is written by Mr. Mawley,
who is a well-known English rosarian. "It
was in honor of his wife that the fa
mous rosarians, Alexander Dickson &
Sons (Ltd.) named the new beautiful pink
tea rose Mrs. Edward Mawley.
Pruning for Specimen or Exhibition
t , Roses.
For exhibition roses jalmost all varieties
except climbing roses must be very se
verely pruned; that Is, leaving from three
to eight buds or eyes above the ground
or from six to 18 Inches in height. From
three to six shoots only should be left.
A few varieties, mostly strong growing
ones, do better not to be severely pruned,
as they are liable to run to wood and
not produce good flowers. Among such
roses which 1 suggest should not be se
verely pruned are. the following, which
I have taken from the second edition
(published In 1902) of "The Book of the
Rose," written by Rev. A. Foster-Melllar,
rector of Sproughton, Suffolk, England.
This book is written on the Idea that
the rose Is not a plant for garden decora
tion. In the estimation of the Rev. A.
Foster-Melllar. "the value of the rose Is
In the glory of Its Individual flowers," and
"the Idea is not tne rose for th garden,
but the garden for the rose." ItIs a good
book, with many valuable suggestions. I
have made these quotations to show that,
even for exhibition purposes, he thinks
the roses I shall mention should not be
severely pruned. Of course, they should
not be severely pruned for garden decora
tion. The roses which Rev. A. Foster
Melllar recommenQs should not be severe
ly pruned are as follows:
HYBRID PERPETUALS.
Clio.
Duke of Edinburgh.
Duko of Teck. -
Mme. Gabriel Lulzct. .
Margaret Dickson.
HYBRID TEAS.
Captain Christy.
La France.
"Viscountess Folkestone.
TEAS.-,. '
Anna Olivier. - v
Maman Cochet.
"White Maman Cochet.
Safrano.
BOURBON.
Souv. de. la Malmalson.
A rose which, I think, should be add
ed to tills list Is Ulrich Brunner. Plate
No. 1 shows an exhibition rose before
and after pruning.
Pruning Roses for Garden Decoration
Most people prefer roses for garden
decoration. Most roses for exhibition pur
poses not only require severe pruning,
but also great care and special treat
ment, both before 'and at the time at
blooming. A person meat be quite an
expert and have considerable knowledgo
of tho different varieties of roses and
their peculiarities before being success
ful In producing exhibition roses. It re
quires much less time and care to pruno
and grow roses for garden decoration.
Such are the soil and climatic conditions
in and around Portland that by not prun
ing severely and digging around the
educated and refined ladies who can be
seen in the Spring and Summer working
in the garden with a trowel, spade and
rake. They want to sow the seed them
selves, transplant the tender plants and
Justly claim the credit for themselves
when friends admire their beautiful
flowers. The annual plants aro the eas
iest to grow for the amateur. Most va
rieties are sown about April. They bloom
the same season and die the same Fall
or Winter. The perennial plants are more
difficult to grow, but once well started
they are as a rule most lasting and more
easily cared for. The Varieties ot both
are manifold.
Annuals.
It may not have occurred to many that
flowers and plants are subject to mode or
fashion. Just like dresses or hats, only the
changes -are not so frequent. If we look
back only two decades we see flowers in
great favor, which were stiff In appear
ance, like the camclia. Today such va
rieties have disappeared from the market
almost entirely. In those days flowers
with regular form and petals arranged
with mathematical exactness were sought,
but now they are opposed. At present,
flowers with irregular petals, luxuriant
growth and habit are in demand. The -difference
between the old asters, which
were stiff and small, and the later varie
ties, such as Washington Needle, Ostrich
Feather or Giant Comet, and the Ameri
can branching varieties Is most notice
bushes each Spring and giving them very
little care during the rest of tne year :
will give beautiful roses for several
months each year.
Plate No. shows a rose for garden dec
oration before and after pruning.
Pruning Standard Roses.
What is called a standard rose is a
roso budded or grafted above the ground
on another bush, usually on the Dog
Rose or briar (Rose Canina) or on Ma
nettL Standards are usually from two
to four feet In height. Standards may
be pruned for exhibition or for garden
decoration, as the bush varieties are
pruned. Plate No. 3 shows a standard
hybrid-perpetual rose unpruned and also
pruned for producing exhibition roses.
In pruning bear in mind that the top
bud left on a snoot will grow first, and
in the direction in which it points. Cut
the shoot just above the top bud you
select. Be caraful that this top bud
looks outward; that is, from the center
of the bush. In pruning some regard to
symmetry should be observed. The- shoots
toward the center and back of the rose,
that Is, farthcrcst from the sun, should
be longer than those in front and on
tho sides.
In this article I have not attempted to
treat pruning except on general lines.
What may be called sclentlfio pruning re
quires a great deal of study and experi
ment. By study I do not mean studying
books alone, I mean also the study of
the different roses and their peculiarities
and the best methods of pruning each.
I havo endeavoreArto give briefly what
I know of pruning from reading and
from my own experience to assist others
in growing roses, not qnly for their own
pleasure, but to make Portland "The
Rose City."
Undoubtedly the best, most complete
and comprehensive book on roses ever
published is "The Rose Garden," by Will
lam Paul, one of England's best profes
sional rosarians. I have Jhe tenth edition
of this book, published in 1903. It is a
largo quarto of nearly 400 pages. Twenty
four pages of this book are devoted espe
cially to the subject of pruning. Mr. Paul
in his book says: "I believe pruning to be
the most important operation in rose
culture, and, at the same time, the most
difficult to obtain the mastery over and
apply with success." '
The best Instruments for pruning are a
sharp pruning knife, but it must be kept
sharp; and a small, thin saw. smaller and
not so wide as a saw made for pruning
trees. It is much easier to use a secateur,
or pruning shears, especially the'klnd in
which the blade has a drawing motion,
similar to the motion one gives to a knlfo
blade In pruning. It Is of the greatest
importance that any Instrument used in
pruning should be sharp, so as to make a
clean cut, and not bruise nor lacerate the
bark.
Plant the Cuttings.
The parts of the rosebushes cut away
may be planted, and you will get a bush
on its own roots from almost every cut
ting. It is true some roses do not propa
gate readily from cuttings, but most of
tho roses grown in Portland will "strike"
readily, especially if planted with a "heel"
to the cutting:. Dig a place In your gar
able. The new varieties are nearly as
good as medium-sized chrysanthemums;
they bloom from early in August until late
In November and come in all colors, ex
cept the distinct canary yellow. Asters
aro without doubt the most grateful flow
ers among tho annuals. They are very
showy in the garden and as cut flowers
last longer than almost any other va
riety. The seed should be planted in the
beginning of April in a warm, sheltered
position, and when large enough trans
planted during the latter part of April or
the beginning of May. Young plants can
be bought nt reasonable prices at any re
liable florist's.
Mignonette.
As asters are not fragrant. It Is advis
able to have some mignonette sowit near
them to add to their bouquet. Mignonette
may be sown In April, In the beds where
it is to bloom. It germinates easily and
blooms until tha frost kills it. One of the
best varieties Is Machet. It grows dwarf,
pyramidal, and Is very fragrant.
Pansles.
Can anyone recall the small, old-fashioned
pansles? Compared with the up-to-date
varieties, such as the Odier, Cassier
and Bugnot, one wonders how the old
ones could ever have been admired. Pan
sles should be sown in September, trans
planted In October, and bloom in tho- early
Spring. Many have been blooming in Port
land all Winter, the winter having been
unusually mild. They can also be sown
A GARDEN ROSE BEFORE AND
den, about the depth of a spade, where
the soil Is rich, but without adding man
ure. The place should be where the cut
tings will not get a great deal of sun.
Put In the cuttings about four inches
deep, leaving two buds above the ground,
being careful that tho side ot the cuttings,
which on the bush was toward the sun,
is planted toward the sun. Bo careful
that the end of the cutting which Is put
In the ground Is cut even with a sharp
knife. It is sot necessary that there bo
a dormant bud at or near the end of the
cutting which is put In the ground.
Probably a better way Is to plant the
cuttings in boxes. Take boxes of any
shape from six to eight Inches deep. Bore
two holes with a small auger, or bttt, in
diagonal corners of the bottom of the box
for drainage. Cover these holes with
small stones, or bits of crockery, so as to
prevent the earth from running out. Fill
the box with good garden soil and plant
the cuttings as above described "when put
In the ground. The advantage of uslnff
a box Is that It can be easily moved, and,
after the cuttings have started to grow,
the box may bo moved so that the cut
"tlngs will have more sun.
Whichever way the cuttings are plant
ed, they must not be allowed to become
dry. It will probably not be necessary to
glvo them water until the middle of May.
By pursuing either of these methods,
tho cuttings will be well-rooted by next
Autumn, and can then bo planted In the
open ground. If all rosebushes in and
near Portland were properly pruned now
and the cuttings planted, the rosebushes
in Portland would be increased several
fold this year.
One reason why cuttings grow so easily
at Portlapd, in the open, is that tho rain
fall keeps the ground moist, and the mild,
even temperature, which docs not hurt
the cutting, and allows it to strike. A
number of roses in Portland grow from
cuttings which In other parts of the world,
in the open or in hothouses, will not
strike. In hothouses roses from cuttings
are grown by means of what is called
"bottom-heat." J. e., heat applied to the
sand In -which the small pots are placed.
In which the cuttings are put Some
roses, of which Baroness Rothschild is
one, are extremely difficult to propagate
with bottom-heat, -whereas, the Baroness
Rothschild may be propagated here, with
comparatively little difficulty, in the open.
A friend of mine, one of Portland's en
thusiastic amateur rosarians, about two
years ago put In about 800 cuttings in the
Spring, and all grew except three.
Spray the Bushes.
After the bushes are pruned. It Is well
to spray them with Bordeaux mixture, or
seme other proper spray. By properly
spraying, you keep off a great deal of
mildew and the yellow leaf. Rosebushes
are liable' to become affected with scale;
not only the native scale, but the San
Jose scale. If you nave a few roses, a
small sprayer can bo obtained from the
seed or plant stores, and you can also
obtain there the proper spray. If you
have many bushes, it may be well to have
a professional florist spray your bushes.
By several people clubbing- together and
hiring a gardener, he. In one day, can
spray a number of yard?, and the cost
will be small for each person. About tho
only caution In spraying at this time of
and transplanted for late Fall . blooming.
Another plant which requires the same
treatment as the pansy Is the forget-me-not,
or Myosotis. The"dellcate azure blue
of these blooms always adds to the ap
pearance of the garden, and bowlfuls of
them are pretty In the house. One of the
best varieties la the Victoria (Myosotis
Azurica Victoria). . v
Pinks.
The carnation pink is In more general
favor than any other annual, and In this
climate they are sp easily grown that
there Is no reason why every garden or
lawn should not have a bed of them. In
purchasing seeds, get them from a reliable
house. It Is almost impossible to have
the first bed entirely double, for every
package of seed Is liable to contain a few
single ones; but these can soon be elimi
nated and the double ones only left to ma
ture and seed. The seeds should be sown
In the Spring, and the plants will bloom
the same year. There are many beautiful
colors and shades, but the scarlets and
pinks - are- In most general favor. The
variety known as the Marguerite carna
tion is considered the best, as it gives the
greatest satisfaction In this section. These
will bloom the second year even better
than the first.
The Corn Flower.
Another annual which Is a favorite in
all sections of the country Is the new
com flower also called Sweet Sultan.
Good varieties are the Centurea Suaveo-
ROSES
AFTER PRUNING.
the year Is that the spray should not be
too weak, but not so strong as to damage
the growing shoots.
Do Not Prune Climbing Roses.
Climbing roses should not be pruned.
If a climber grows too rank, stalks may
be cut out or shortened. If pruned as
other roses arc, as a rule, they will run to
wood and have but few flowers. In addi
tion, a climbing rose is most beautiful
when It grows as it desires. The shoots
and branches maybe tied up, but, so far
as possible, they should be allowed to
spread, and some of the branches be left
to hang gracefully. This they will do if
they are allowed to do so. I have four
Mme. Alfred Carriore bushes, two of
which have not been pruned for many
years. One of these bushes Is about 33
feet high, and the other Is about 30 feet
high. A view of them In full bloom
would, I think, convince any one that
climbing roses should not be pruned. I
was compelled to shorten the two other
bushes because they grew higher than
the trellis. That climbers should not be
pfuncd Is the recommendation In nearly
all books on roses which I havo seen.
Climbing Roses Should Be Planted.
In order to beautify Portland, great
quantities of climbing roses should be
planted, against fences and. near the
houses. If planted near the house, a
high trellis may be erected or a frame
work made of three-quarer-lnch galvan
ized pipe, whloh can be made by any
plumber. When this latter frame-work is
placed in position, wire-netting may .be
hung from it and securely fastened at the
bottom. The roses will climb against this
netting, or against the trellis, and in the
Spring the shoots and branches can be
easily tied to the netting or to the trellis.
Climbing- roses require comparatively
little care, except the Marechal NlaL This
rose requires a great deal of care and
attention, and results are often disap
pointing. The care and attention neces
sary for one Marechal Niel bush will take
care of several of the other climbing
varieties. In this climate nearly all the
varieties are sufficiently hardy, even
those which In most places in this lati
tude in the United States are considered
too delicate to grow in the open.
The two climbing roses I would espe
cially' recommend are Madame Alfred
Carrjere and Glorie de Dljoa. There are
now climbing roses of nearly all colors
known to roses. The names of the differ
ent varieties are too numerous to be
mentioned in this article. Many of the
bush varieties have produced climbing
"sport3." These shoots have an unusually
strong growth, and become well-known
varieties of climbing roses. Any cata
logue will give you the names of these
roses. A climbing Caroline Testout has
been originated In California, whichVis
said to possess all the other qualities of
the bush variety. The Climbing Kaiserin
Aug. Victoria (nicknamed Mrs. Robert
Peary) is .also a very fine climber here
Most climbing roses cje' Inexpensive,
and many a humble cottago could be
made an attractive place, and If the cot
tage has not been painted for many years
It would not be known, for tho roses
will completely cover the cottage.
In planting a climbing rosa it Is well
ANNUALS
leus, the Centurea Margaritae, the Cent.
Odorata and the Cent, de Albata. There
are no showier flowers than these, and
those interested In annuals should not
fall to have them In their gardens. If
these plants are placed In a rich soil in
a sunny position, they bloom profusely,
and cannot be too highly recommended.
The yellow and pink varieties are partic
ularly pretty. A bed of these bordered
with the dwarf phlox (Phllox Duomondii)
makes a very striking effect. The phlox
varieties come is yellow and white, and
all shades of red, from the light flesh
tones to th.e dark maroons. They grow
easily from seed, and are easily culti
vated. t Gilliflower.
An old-fashioned annual for the garden
which cannot be surpassed for brilliancy
of coloring, fragrance, profusion And du
ration is the Stock or Gilliflower. They
bloom six weeks after they are sown and
keep on blooming until Winter. "A large
garden with plenty of corners to be filled
in. or beds to be filled up Is made very
effective by planting stock la great
abundance.
New Annual From Southwest Africa.
A remarkably handsome new annual
from Southwest Africa Is the Arctotls
Grandis. The plant Is a bush two or three
feet high, with many branches, and the
flowers are large .and showy, being pure
white on tho upper surface, embellished
with yellow zone, and the reverso of the
Frederick V. Holman Tells Exactly How This Important
Work Should Be Done.
S A STANDARD H. P. ROSE; THE SAME
to. dig a large and somewhat' deep hole,
say four feet square and three feet deep.
Fill this hole with rich garden soil, or
top soil from a meadow, and well-rotted
manure, and it will require no further
treatment for many years.
The southeastern part of France, near
Nice, and the northwestern part of Ital7,
near Genoa, are commonly spoken of as
tho'RIvlera. It has almost the same lati
tude as Portland. . the difference being
less than a degree. It is famous for its
mild climate and beautiful surroundings.
It Is a favorite Winter resort for English
people. In the Riviera great numbers of
climbing roses are grown. These are one
of the charms of tho Riviera, and the
blooming of these climbing roses attracts
largo numbers of tourists every year. Ail
varieties of climbing roses grown in the
Riviera can be grown in Portland with
practically no protection, and. will bloom
as well as In the Riviera. It would make
Portland famous as a rose city If climb
ing roses were grown In great quantities,
and it would also be a source of great
pleasure to the Portland people.
It is still a llttlo early to .plant roses,
except very strong, root-budded, dormant
plants, or field-grown bushes. It will
probably be several weeks yet before the
soil and the weather are suitable for
planting roses grown in hot-houses. " If
small plants are obtained directly from
the hot-houses. It is well not to- plant
them until the weather is somewhat set
tled, and it has become warm. Planting
such roses too early is "making haste
without speed."
New Varieties of Roses.
I have been asked to give a list of good
new roses, which are not mentioned in
the Portland Rose Society's pamphlet,
"Roses at Portland. Oregon; and How to
Grow Them." I give even the following
short list with some hesitation. I have
tried many new varieties the past few
years. Most of them have been disap
pointing, and I have discarded them.
Some have given promise, but, like pre
cocious children, have failed to "make
good." Some new roses have come to
stay, and yet the chances as to any one
new rose being a fine rose, so as to be
come an universal favorite, are largely
against It. The following new roses, I
believe, are really roses of superior qual
ity. I have tried them, and, so far 1
have found them very satisfactory, and,
yet. any or all of them may ultimately be
discarded. I suggest them, I do not war
rant them. They are: "
Prince de Bulgarie, a hybrid-tea, i3 a
rose in form similar to Sbuv. de Presi
dent Carnot, but having a center of a
very beautiful salmon-pink. It i3 said to
have been awarded the first prize at the
last Paris Exposition. It Is spoken of
very highly, both in the English and
American catalogues. It was originated
by Pernet Ducher, of France.
Franz Deegen. a hybrid-tea. Is a seed
ling from that grand rose Kaiserin Au
gusta Victoria. Its outer petite are about
the color of the Perle des Jardlns, while
the center is of a beautiful orange yellow.
If it fulfills its promises It will be tho
yellow garden rose of the immediate fu
ture. It Is a different rose from Perle
Von Godesberg. which is said to be a
sport from Kaiserin Augusta Victoria.
The latter I have not tried, but some of
A PRACTICAL FLORIST MAKES A PLEA FOR FLOWERS
THAT NEED LITTLE CULTIVATION
petals a pale-HIac-blue. It Is of easy cul
ture, and blooms constantly from early
Summer until lato Fall. Thi3 beautiful
plant should not be overlooked by any
gardener. It may be sown In a sheltered
position, or young plants may be had
from the florist.
Another favorite and profusely bloom
ing plant is the Browallia (Amtheyst). It
is covered with beautiful winged flowers
during the entire Summer and Fall, sup
plying shades of red, white and blue (on
separate plants), which are very uncom
mon. It grows freely In any soiland If
this plant were known better; it would
find room In many gardens. It should be
sown lh April, as It Is a very steady
grower.
A splendid annual Is the Galllardla
(Blanket Flower). It Is remarkable for
the profusion, size and brilliancy of the
blooms, which continue from early Sum
mer until late November. It Is good for
beds, borders or cuttings. The plan'a
grow about six Inches tall.
California Poppy.
There are also quite a number of peren
nial species of this genus, which are
equally valuable for the garden. Annual
varieties sown in April in sandy soil will
bloom In June or July. Any one having- a
rough piece of ground, which they would
like to beautify without expense, can ac
complish it by sowing a few ounces of
California Poppy seed broadcast. This
will have the derfred effect, for a field of
beautiful bloom will soon repay him. Sin
ROSE PRUNED AND UNTRTTNED.
the catalogues say its color is not aa
satisfactory as Its introducer announced,
which was that It is a yellow Kaiserin
Augusta Victoria. Franz Deegen was
originated In Germany, but it was intro
duced in this country by Messrs. E. G.
Hill & Co., wholesale florists, Richmond.
Ind. It has taken many prizes in thi3
country.
Souvenir de Pierre Nottlng is a tea rose,
said to be a cross between Marechal NIet
and Maman Cochet. It is a very vigorous
grower, inclining tq a climbing habit. It
is a peculiar shade of deep apricot yellow,
with orange yellow shading. It was orig
inated by Soupert & Nottlng, of France.
It has been awarded several gold medals
In Europe. This rose must not be con
founded with the old. well-known hybrrd
perpetual "rose. Pierre Nottlng.
Mile. Germalne Trochon i3 a hybrid
tea. It has long, shapely buds. Its color
ing is hard to describe. Its general tone
Is yellowish, with golden and reddish col
orings in the center. This rose has not
been widely advertised until this year. It
Is a rose of great promise.
Each of these four new roses are strong
growers. It Is unfortunate that many
beautiful new roses, such as White Lady,
are of such weak growth.
Madame Derepa3-Matrat so far I have
found to be very unsatisfactory in growth
and in flower. I have ten plants of it.
This is the new rose which one of tho
Eastern rosegrowers nicknamed "Yellow
Maman Cochet," and advertised it as be
longing to the Cochet family. It does not
belong to that family. It is not even a
step-child of that family. It Is not a
foundling, for it has a name of its own
and a respectable mother. I have tried
It for two years. I shall give it another
trial this year. If it does not do better
the coming season. I shall discard it.
There are several new roses of great
merit which have been- introduce1 in
Europe, but are not yet on sale by tho
retail florists in this country. The most
noted of these new roses Is Mildred
Grant, a hybrid-tea. It was originated
by Alexander Dickson & Sons, Limited
of Newtqwnards. Ireland, and sent out by
them in 1901. They are now the best rosa
originators In the world. Almost every
one of their roses is of unusual excel
lence and beauty. They say It is tha
finest rose that they have originated. Ono
of England's most noted amateur rosar
ians has written me of Its beauty. It 13
described by its originator in their cata
logue as: "Clear, silvery white, edge of
petals shaded and bordered with pink;
blooms are of enormous size and sub
stance, with high-pointed center, and last
long in good condition? the petals, which
are of unusual length, are perfectly shell
shaped and very massive." I am In
formed that there has been such a de
mand by the Eastern florists to obtain
plants of Mildred Grant for growlnglts
roses under glass that none have been
raised for the retail trade. It is to be
hoped It will be on sale to the public la
1905. I have been fortunate enough-vto
procure several bushes of Mildred Grant
direct from the originators.
I am trying a number of new and un
tried roses in Oregon, which I have pro
cured from Europe. If any are of un
usual excellence I shall be pleased to give
the names.
FREDERICK V. HOLMAN.
gle petunias would probably answer tha
same purpose, as they can stand a good
deal of neglect, but they have to be sown
in boxes and transplanted twice, so .are
much more trouble than the poppies.
Double petunias are also very showy
and excellent bloomers, but they also tako
a good deal of transplanting.
Lobelia erimls- Is the best of all. Tha
Intensely blue blooms may be seen through
the entire Summer, and as an artistic
border it cannot be surpassed. The Alys
sum for white is very goodf and may be
sown in rills in the bed where wanted,
and if cut before the flowers go to seed,
it will bloom the second time.
There are innumerable otner species of
annuals which any one may learn by
studying- the seed catalogues of good deal
ers. Nowhere In the country do they
thrive better than right here In Western
Oreg'on. and we should all take a great
pride in cultivating them In quantities.
Our fair wilr-sOon be at hand, and tho
many people who will come here from all
over the country will come mainly for tho
purpose of seeing the country and investi
gating Its resources and our climate. I
they see our city a perfect field ot bloom
ing plants, they will be Impressed by the
climate and the productiveness of the soil.
A very little labor on tho part of each
property-holder will add a great deal to
the general appearance of our city. Roses
are beautiful, and their culture should
everywhere be encouraged but why not
the -annuals at the same time? Sweet
peas and nasturtiums are generally grown,
and are always" beautiful, but why culti
vate them to the exclusion of all othera7
GEORGE OTTEN.