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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 22, 1903)
I THE SUNDAY OREGONIASF, PORTLAND, NOVEMBER 22, 1903. to vzgoxticau fctcrtd at the Postofllce at Portland, Oregos, as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. By mail (postage prepaid In advance) Pally, with Sunday; per month 0- $aUy, Sunday excepted, per year . 'o Pally, with Sunday, per year Euadar. per year w The Weekly, per year .-. The Weekly, S month ; Daily, per -week, delivered. Sundar WV IaUy. per week, delivered. Sunday lncludeo20o POSTAGE RATES. rmted States. Canada and Mexico 10 to 14-page paper .......10 16 to 20-page paper ...... ...... S2 to 4-pase paper ......... so Foreign rates double. News for dUcussion intended for publication la The Oregonlan should be addressed invari ably "Editor The Oregoniaa." not to the name ot any Individual. Letters relating to adver tising, subscription, or to any business matter, should be addressed simply 'The Oregonlan." The Oregonlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to return any manuscripts sent to It without so lidtauon. No stamps should be Inclosed for this purpose. Eastern Business Office. 43, 44, 45. 47. 48. 49 Tribune Building. New Tork City; 510-11-12 Tribune Building. Chicago; the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency, Eastern representative. Per sale In San Francisco by I E. tee. Palace Hotel news stand; Goldsmith Bros.. 238 Sutter street; F. W. Pitts. 1008 Market street; J. K. Cooper Co., 740 Market street, near the Palace Hotel; Foiter & Orear. Ferry news stand. Prank Scott. SO Ellis street, and N. Sheatloy. SIS Mission street. For sale In Los Angtfes by B. F. Gardner, 259 South Spring street, and Oliver & Haines. 205 South Spring street. For sale In Kansas City, Mo., by Rlcksecker Cigar Co., Ninth and Walnut streets. For tale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 217 Dearborn street; Charles MacDonald, 53 Washington street, and the Auditorium Annex sews stand. For sale In Minneapolis' by St J. Kavanaugh, CO South Third street. For sale In Omaha by Barkalow Bros., 1612 Faraam street; Megeath Stationery Co., 1803 Farnam street; McLaughlin Bros., 210 S. Fourteenth street. For sale la Ogden by W. G. Kind. 114 25th street; V. C Alden, Postofflce cigar store; F. B, Godard and C H. Myers. For sale in Salt Lake by the Salt Lake News Co.. 77 West Second South street. For sale In Washington, D. C. by the Eto bett House news, stand, and Ed. Brlnkman, Fourth and Pacific avenue. N. W. For sale In Colorado Springs by C. A. Bruner. For sale In Demer. Colo., by Hamilton & Keadriek. 1OG-012 17th street; Loutbaa & Jackson Book & Stationery Co., 15th and. Lawrence streets- J. S. Lowe. 1520 17th street, and Julluii Black. TESTERDATS WEATHER Maximum tem perature. C2; minimum temperature, 42; pre cipitation, .43 of au Inch. TOD ATS WEATHER Cloudy to partly cloudy, with occasional showers; slightly lower temperature; south to west winds. PORTLAND, SUNDAY, NOVEMBER 22. MISCEGENATION. In an address on "Negro Education in the South," written by Mr. A. A. Gunby of the Louisiana Bar, recently pub lished, we find this statement: Miscegenation In the South has always been ad will always bo confined, to con verse between white men and colored women, and the number of mulattoes in the future will depend absolutely on the extent to which white men restrain their Immoral dealings with negro females. . . . Let those who believe in and demand the high est and purest standard of Anglo-Saxon blood and manhood begin a crusade against the white men who would lower that stand ard by mixing their bio id with that of an Inferior race. Tho gravity of the situation may be appreciated when I state that in a town of 10,000 inhabitants 500 negresses are supported in idleness by white paramours. This is something worse than the social evil. However, If moral restraints fail, I believe that education is the best possible means to fortify negro women against the approaches of libertines. Observation proves this to be emphatically true. This statement, which bears every mark of probability, confirmed as truth by the knowledge of every observer, North and South, shows what the ac tual problem of "miscegenation" is. Such facts show how shallow and vicious is the attempt to create a par tisan prejudice, as Senator Gorman and others are doing, by Intimating that repression of miscegenation is a po litical question, depending on the as cendancy of one party over another. Everywhere the few mixed, marriages are among the lowest ranks of both races; but in most cases the rela tions are illegitimate, and in many of these, negro or mulatto women are "kept" by white men who pretend to respectability. It is absurd to say that th.is. is a jnatter to be dealt with in the sphere t!S)olitles or party action. Thepregonian has not favored the appointment of negroes to office in the South, 'even to the limited extent that has been witnessed, because it is ex tremely offensive to the white people and breeds only discord between the races. But "miscegenation" is not due to negro office-holding, nor is it fur thered by the fact that President Roose velt once sat at table with Booker T. "Washington. It lies in unregulated lusts df human nature, chiefly in white men of low morality. Such remedy as there is lies in the use of the forces of mor ality and of social life against it. IN MEMORY OF TONE. A memorial service will be held today at Foresters' Hall in memory of Wolfe Tone, the famous Irish patriot, and of Allen, Larkin and O'Brien, the so-called "Manchester martyrs." Tone was a man of remarkable ability. He lived for a time In this country, in which his revolutionary schemes had forced him to take refuge. Returning to France he impressed Napoleon by his talents and was made an officer in the French army. He was captured on board a French ship-of-war, tried for treason and sentenced to death. He cut his throat in prison. He was the real leader of the "United Irishmen" of 1798 and was a very able organizer and daring conspirator. Had not the fleet which bore the military expedition of General Hoche against Ireland been dispersed by a storm Tone might have seen his dream of Irish independence at least transiently realized. Allen, Larkln and O'Brien were three Fenians who attempted, September 18, 1SG7, at Manchester, England, to rescue two Fenian prisoners from a prison van. Policeman Brett, who resisted the attack, was killed by a shot fired through the door of the van. Kelly and Deasey, the prisoners, escaped, but their rescuers, Allen, Larkln and O'Brien, were captured, tried, convicted of the murder of Policeman Brett and executed at Salford, November 23, 1867. One of the prisoners was a very young fellow, not more than 20 years of age, and might well have been made the subject of clemency by the government The others were legally guilty of mur der, but always maintained that the shot fired through the door of the van was Intended only to break the lock of the door, which the policeman refused to open. The government aqted with severity because the Fenian conspira tors had committed a great many out rages both In England, Ireland and on the Canadian border, between 1865 and 1867. Our Government was put to consid erable expense by the Fenian invasion of Canada In May and June, 1865. After T the execution of Allen. Larkln and O'Brien came the explosion at the Clerkenwell House of Detention, by which twelve persons lost their lives and 120 were wounded. For this crime one Barrett was executed In May, 1868; the life of the Duke of Edinburgh was attempted at Port Jackson, Australia; Thomas D'Arcy McGee, a famous mem ber of the Canadian Parliament and a revolutionist of 1848, was assassinated by a Fenian In Canada as a renegade to the cause of Ireland, and there was a second Fenian invasion of Canada from the United States In 1869. The whole business was the work of a few an archists, who by their senseless and criminal folly tempted a number of ig norant, gallant men to embark in un dertakings that involved a useless loss of life or liberty. THE ECLIPSE OF THE SPIRIT. It has been the hope of serious minds that when the fever of money-getting which succeeded to the Civil "War had passed away, the genius of American life would turn somewhat from trade to Chose deeper things of life which were represented in the fine flower of our early thinkers, poets and teachers; that we might produce In numbers such men as Bryant and Whlttier, Emerson and Beecher.Washington and Jefferson, Lin coln and Sumner, and proportionately fewer men like Gould and Stewart. Time wears on, however, and if there is any change in the dominion of the commercial spirit, it is in the 'direction of wider sway and more impassioned adherence. There are many ways in which the tendency may be noticed. A few will suffice. The men of force in the United States are not in the callings where influences are formed to advance the higher life in the thought of the people. They are not in the pulpit, or the university chair, or in public life, or In the walks of literature, science and art. They are. In the great majority, in business. Our merchant princes do not look up to Senators or Cabinets as once they looked up to "Webster and Clay, but they look down on them, rather, to do their bid ding. Exemplars of the spiritual life are largely the puppets of their rich and Influential patrons. Gunsaulus works for Armour, Harper for Rocke feller. Jordan and the rest for Mrs. Stanford; and even our poets, painters and musicians are on the quest of top ics and treatments that will sell. By the lonely lamp of Erasmus the sermon is forged to compel a call from Fifth avenue. In the solitary vigil of Faraday we shall find the metallurgical process for the miner and the storage battery for the millionaire's automobile. It is the boast of our civilization that it has lifted the common people above the misery., Ignorance and degradation of former years; and eo It has. But' there are things nearer to the soul of man than prosperous balances or lux urious homes. They are represented in the preacher, on fire for converts; in the poet pouring out his soul In death less numbers amid pinching poverty; in the artist, starving rather than betray his heavenly vision; in the teacher, for getting for a time manual training and bookkeeping to win the heart where he may implant high ideals; In the drama tist, not so mindful of box-offlce receipts as to neglect the constant theme of Shakespeare, that virtue ennobles and sin destroys. It is well to teach the philosophy of Franklin; but not well to emphasize it to the exclusion and ex tinction of that nobility of soul often coexistent with empty meal-bags and undesirable neighborhoods and insur mountable debts. Names that have gone through the bankruptcy courts are also written in the Lamb's book of life. Some of the noblest spirits that ever walked the earth" have taken their flight from amid squalid surroundings. The college of 100 years ago was found ed with prayer and consecration. The university of today is endowed by a multimillionaire to exploit his name. It is small wonder if the education impart ed takes color from its source and runs to the Intensely "practical." The girl must be taught at all hazards to sup port herself. She needs poise, knowl edge of the world. The boy must be fitted to .make money. No time must be spent or thought diverted from the su preme end of training all his faculties to succeed in the external world. The wonder and the ideal of the autobiog raphy of the hour is the man who be gan life on the farm and today writes his check for a million. Something of this we owe to the materialistic bent of modern science; something to the phys ical resources of the United States, which enchain the attention by their profusion; but the outlook is not good for men like Socrates, without a home; Paul, a mendicant; Goldsmith and Rem brandt, going out in poverty. The meas ure of a man's life conslsteth not in the visible things which he possesses, but in the things of the spirit fidelity, grace and pure affection, unstained by the meanness of avarice or the betrayal of the higher nature. WHAT "MIGHT HAVE BEEN." General John B. Gordon seems to think that the Confederacy fell with "Stone wall" Jackson. In his recent book Gen eral Gordon seeks apparently to estab lish the thesis that it was due to the tardiness of General Longstreet at Get tysburg, and to that of General Early in the Wilderness that the Confederate cause was lost. He holds that the Fed eral troops could have been routed in the hills south of Gettysburg had the Confederates not been checked in their charge on the fleeing enemy. He also thinks that in the battle of the Wilder ness, when it was discovered that the Federal right flank was wholly unpro tected. Grant could have been routed had General Early consented to a flank movement Here is what he says of "Stonewall" Jackson and of his genius for such emergencies in battle: Calmly reviewing the Indisputable- facts which made tho situation at Gettysburg and in the Wilderness strikingly similar, and considering them from a purely mili tary and worldly standpoint, I should utter my profoundest conviction wcra I to say: "Had Jackson been there tho Confederacy had not died." Had he been at Gettysburg when a part of that Second Corps which his genius had made famous had already broken through the protecting forces and was squarely on tho Union right, which was melting away like a sand bank struck by a mountain torrent; when the whole Union battle line that was In view was breaking to tho rear; when those flanking Confeder ates In their unobstructed rush were em barrassed only by tho number of prisoners had Jackson been thero then, Instead of commanding a halt, his only order would have been, "Forward, men, forward!" as hs majestically rode In their midst. Intensify ing their flaming enthusiasm at every step of the advance. Or had he boen in tho Wilderness on that fateful Cth of May, -when I that same right flank of the Union army was so strangely exposed and was inviting the assault of that name portion of his old corps, words descriptive of the situation and of the plan of attack could not have been uttered fast enough for his impatient spirit. Jackson's genius was keener scented in its J hunt for an enemy's flank than the most royally bred setter's nose in search of the hiding covey. ... But Providence had willed otherwise. Jackson was dead and Gettysburg was lost. He was not now in the Wilderness, and the greatest opportunity over presented toLeo's army was permitted to pass. Tet this seems largely to be guess work, based on hero worship and sub sequent knowledge. Grant was not a man to be-routed so easily, and it is by no means sure that '"Stonewall" Jackson would have been able to re peat at Gettysburg and the Wilderness what he had done at Chancellorsvllle. As to Gettysburg, Gordon charges Longstreet distinctly with the Confed erate defeat This is what he says: - L That General Lee distinctly ordered Longstreet to attack early the morning of the second day, and if ho had done so two of the largest corps of Meade's army would not have been In the fight; but Longstreet delayed tho attack until 4 o'clock: in the afternoon, and then lost his opportunity of occupying Little Round Top, tho key to the position, which he might have done In the morning without firing a gun or losing a man. 2. That General Lee ordered Longstreet to attack at daybreak on the morning of the third day, and that ha did not attack until 2 or 3 o'clock in tho afternoon, tho artillery opening at L 3. That General Lee, according to the testimony of Colonel Walter Taylor, Colonel C. S. Taylor and General A. L. Long, who were present when the order was given, or dered Longstreet to make the attack on the last day with tho three divisions of his corps and two divisions of A. P. Hill's corps, and that Instead of doing so he sent 14,000 men to assail Meade's army in his strong position and heavily intrenched. 4. That the great mistake of tho halt on the first day would have boen repaired on tho second, and even on the third day, if Lee's orders had been vigorously executed, and that General Lea died believing (the testimony on this point is overwhelming) that ho lost Gettysburg at last by Long street's disobedience of orders. On the other hand, Longstreet has always maintained that Lee's plan of attack at Gettysburg was hopeless; that an attack in front, on such a position, could not succeed, but that the sure way was to turn the Federal Army out of Its position, by throwing the Con federate army between it and the City of Washington. It was with greatest reluctance that Longstreet gave "the or ders for the front attacks on the sec ond, and particularly on the third day, at Gettysburg; but Lee persisted and would have it so. Men who participate in the same great actions seldom see the course of events in the same light General Gordon Is a worshiper of "Stonewall" Jackson, and gives free rein to a poetic Imagination as to what would or might have occurred had Jack son lived to repeat his performance at Chancellorsvllle. But there is small probability that theFederal Army would ever again have been so exposed that he could have repeated it What "might have been," but for accidents, is, in history, tjo easy problem. Each may suppose what he will. AN ANSWER FOR REYES. It is difficult to see how the United States Government could bring itself, on moral grounds, to accept the very urgent and flattering offers made on behalf of Colombia by General Reyes, who is bearing them post -haste to Washington. He will have some trou ble in deducing from the mere incident of Panama's secession any adequate transformation of those conditions which weighed like a frost on the tender conscience of Colombia, forbidding her to accede to the highly immoral, objec tionable and Inadequate undertakings of the Hay-Herran treaty. It Is sufficiently apprehended.weshould suppose, that the consideration of $10, 000,000 to be to the aforesaid' Colombian patriots in hand paid, Is Ehocklngly un equal to the rights and privileges Col ombia was to vouchsafe. A paltry $10, 000,000 could not begin to heal the wounded national pride. Besides, the cessions of partial sovereignty over the canal belt were wholly incompatible with the Colombian's duty to his fath erland. The constitution (it is alleged they have a constitution) forbids any such alienation of powers. Then the very form of the treaty was offensive to the Colombian patriots. These and other equally insurmountable obstacles impelled the Colombian Senate, com prised wholly of self-sacrificing and dis interested patriots, to return the un speakable Hay-Herran treaty with scant ceremony to its base American tempter. It was unthinkable; patriots would never consent, it is so sudden, etc, etc From these deliberate and hlghminded convictions there can be, of course, no appeal, and the appearance of General Reyes on the scene Is a circumstance entirely negligible in the eyes of the Colombian nobles. Theunlquitous pro posals of the Hay-Herran treaty, rape of Colombian sovereignty, defiance of the constitution, the Impossible control of the canal zone, the Insult of a too paltry compensation all are In full force, unaltered to the extent of a punc tuation point Surely General Reyes wrongs his countrymen if he now as sumes to represent them as abandoning their sacred convictions, moral and re ligious scruples, upon the mere pros pect that a few miserable millions may slip from, their honorable and Incor ruptible hands; and -he certainly mis conceives' the spirit of the American people It he supposes them capable of compounding such a felony or again approaching the Colombian patriot with a bribe to sear his conscience against treason. No, General, it is better so. What matters it that "Colombia is in desper ation"? The sacred constitution is in tact The infamous treaty Is asleep In the tomb to which your dignified, cour teous and righteous Senators consigned it There are no such obstacles in the way of the Panama Republic It will have a little foresight as well as hind sight It will not estimate that $25, 000,000 could help the hurt that honor feels where $10,000,000 was inadequate. It will be glad to have the canal and will give the United States whatever concessions are necessary. Tour people are too conscientious. We shall not again offer to corrupt them. V Tho cut of the modern dress skirt does not admit of the old-fashioned pocket in which women were wont to carry their purses. For obvious reasons the bosom of the dress Is neither a con venient nor suitable receptacle for this necessary adjunct of a shopping tour. Hence the vogue of the wrist-bag, which swings so conspicuously from the left arm of the woman pedestrian and the shopper, a glittering temptation to light fingered folk, and lately a source of revenue to the thief who bestrides a bicycle. The dilemma comprehended in these facts is a serious and perplexing one. Fashion is inexorable, and the "cut of the skirt" must be maintained. The Christmas shopping season Is on and women must carry money. The thief on the bicycle is abroad, defying capture.) Cannot some one come up to the help of the weak against the mighty with a suggestion that will solve this difficulty? As between the old idea that women are not to be trusted with money and the exigencies that allow tHem no safe place about their clothing to carry it there should be some point upon which a compromise might be ef fected. What are women's clubs for if a matter so seriously affecting the finan cial standing of women in the commu nity Is to remain unadjusted? PUBLIC VERSUS PRIVATE SCHOOLS. The Mosely Commission of British educators which' came to this country to study our school system was aston ished to find In one of the Washington public schools a son of the President of the United States, mingling as a pupil on exactly the same level with the boys of ordinary people. Thl3 spec tacle of the President's son among the children of mechanics, clerks and la borers was a great surprise to the Eng lish educators, for such a thing is un known in their country. The late Mat thew Arnold, while visiting the Boston City Library, saw a little barefooted newsboy sitting in one of the best chairs reading the "Life of Washing ton." Arnold said: "There is not a reading-room in all Europe where that boy, dressed as he Is, could enter." Arnold saw and confessed that under our pop ular Institutions nature's nobility had a chance to get upward and onward that was practically denied them even In Great Britain. From the earliest history of Boston the children of the first families in wealth and distinction went to the pub lic schools. Wendell Phillips, whose father was a wealthy man and Mayor of Boston, went to the public schools; so did Edward Everett, Richard H. Dana, and all the children of Beacon street stock; But in England the system of educatlqn to the present day has fol lowed the lines of social caste. The children of the British nobility are taught by private tutors and in select private schools, and the people of wealth imitate the aristocracy in this respect. Of course such a system of education may seem necessary to main tain the social position of the monarchy and the nobility, at the head of whose order sits the King. With the caste system goes hand in hand the domina tion of the church. The clergy still asserts Its claim to supervise education, a claim that dates back to the days of ecclesiastical supremacy. The result is that church schools, conducted by the different denominations, have obtained strong foothold, and our American idea of democracy in education is unknown. The consequence is that the educational system of Great Britain is inefficient compared with that of Germany and the United States, as Matthew Arnold, himself a superintendent of London schools, frankly admitted. Tho British government has been led to grant state aid to the schools of the various religious organizations, and this has resulted in so bitter denominational hostility that thousands of people to day are permitting their household goods to be sold at auction by the government rather than pay taxes to support church schools. In the face of this fact It seems strange that certain of the clergy of both the Catholic and the Protestant churches should be will ing to invite a similar state of public disorder by urging the apportionment of public money to denominational schools In. order to secure the teaching of "religion" in the public schools. The substantial plea is In behalf of "moral ity," but these clerical critics of our American school system would deny the efficacy of-any teaching of the prin ciples and sentiments of morality unless based on religious faith and supported by it To teach civic virtue Independ ently of religious faith would be de nounced by these clerical reformers' as irreligious. What these clerical critics want is religious dogma, and they would not indorse President Eliot, of Harvard College, who proposes that the public schools teach "family love, respect for law and public order, rev erence for truth and righteousness," for they would denounce this as an attempt to substitute the state for religion as a moral guide. The systematic teaching of social and civic virtues would not lessen the Catholic and Protestant clerical oppo sition to secular education but would intensify it College presidents testify that the pupils from the public schools are as moral as those from private or church schools. The president of Cor nell University says that two-thirds of our freshmen who come from public schools are church members, and he quotes the fact as conclusive refutation that the public schools are not breeding an irreligious, immoral and anarchical class of citizens. President Angell, of Michigan University, speaks like a man of sense when he says that the charac ter of pupils Is affected far more by the character and personal influence of the teachers than by formal Instruc tion in ethics and religion, andhe is confident that the character of the teachers in public schools is not inferior to the character of teachers in other schools. President Eliot of Harvard, and Pres ident Hadley, of Yale, agree that "stu dents who come from public schools .can not be distinguished from students from other sources in any moral grounds. Sixty-five per cent of the students from the public schools at Cornell are church members, while of the students from private and denominational schools the nercentage of church members is only 66; These facts illustrate that the Amer ican public school system Is soundly democratic In spirit and. beneficent In Its results. They are opaosed to the caBte system of British education and 'are free from the pestilent denomina tional instruction, which would be sure with our multitude of warring sects to destroy the unity and efficiency of our public education. The public schools are the place for the education of all classes, and President Roosevelt's exam ple In this respect is excellent worthy of the patriotic spirit that should be Illustrated by the chief executive of a democratic government The County Auditor and the Sheriff of Multnomah County are at odds. There Is a difference of $112 in their estimates of what constitutes a reasonable allow ance for expenses Incurred In a chase after Ihe bandits who held up the O. R. & N. train at Corbett some weeks ago. Up hill and down dale went the Sheriff hot-foot, now upon one trail and now upon another. Across the waters of Fuget Sound he dashed and up and down its shores, accompanied by a rail road detective, who also had to eat and to ride on passes and sleep. And now comes a man who sat in his office or junketed about at his pleasure, while this arduous pursuit was in progress, and presumes to say what all this was worth. The Impertinence of speaking up In behalf of the county In a case of this kind is unprecedented. That the Sheriff is wroth about It Is not surpris ing. Who in all the realm of political or official finance ever heard of the like? The Oregonlan a few days ago print ed the views of Mr. James J. Hill on the ship subsidy question. Mr. Hill, as owner of the two largest steamships the world ever saw, and a possible large beneficiary by the passage of the Frye bill, is naturally in a position to give expert testimony. He said in language which could not be misunderstood thai the subsidy theory was all wrong and that we could never build up a merchant marine by presenting a bonus to the shipowner. This testimony from an American. Here is more on .the same line from a foreigner. Herr Bal lin, director-general of the Hamburg American Steamship Company, has this to say regarding ship subsidies: So far no government has succeeded in helping its shipping by nursing It in this artificial way. On the contrary. It has re sulted in an inferior condition wherever pro mulgated. The Hamburg-American people own over one hundred fine steamships, in cluding the marvelous Deutschland, the fastest steamship afloat. Their steam ships ply In all parts of the globe, and probably secure a larger portion of the mail subsidies granted by the German government than are secured by any other line with the possible exception of the North German Lloyd. And yet the guiding spirit of this Immense trans portation enterprise Is opposed to ship subsidies. Testimony such as is given by Mr. Hill and. Herr Ballin cannot easily be refuted or lightly regarded, when the subsidy graft again comes up for a hearing in Congress. A serious effort Is being made to de velop th.e cotton-growing industry of West Africa, the present high price and alleged scarcity of cotton having convinced European spinners that they can" no longer rely upon the American supply. According to Sir Alfred Jones, president of the Liverpool Chamber of Commerce, it Is "absolutely necessary to make some effort to provide a sup ply from other sources," Inasmuch a3 "America will soon need all the cotton she grows. The possibilities of Africa as a cotton-producing country," In his view, "cannot well be overestimated." Plantations have been started about Abbeokutu, In Lagos, where a large crop this year has been produced. Gins and presses have been sent out from Liverpool, and the natives are going into cotton-growing with enthusiasm. "America," says Sir Alfred, "may yet have to look to West Africa for her cotton supply, because I believe cot ton will be produced more cheaply in West Africa than in the United States." A Nevada man has written a book entitled "Thirty Years' War on Silver." The opening chapter should be this: "There has been no war on silver." In fact the honest business Instincts of mankind have been seeking for greatest possible accuracy in expression and measure of values. As a result silver has been "cut out" as a standard and reduced to the posjtlon of subsidiary or token money, with gold as the stand ard. But to get to this common-sense result nearly wrecked business and val ues In the United States. Men like this Nevada publicist wanted a dollar of less than half value, and fluctuating in value from day to day. There will be no Insanity like that again. A new gambling resort, for the great world, Is to be opened in Corfu, a Greek Island in the Ionian Sea, near the coast of Albania. It is intended to be a rival of Monte Carlo. Tempting offers long time have been made to Italy to grant such concession at San Remo or some other point along the Rivera, but re fused. It Is not doubted that there will be a great rush from all parts of the world to the new gambling resort; and Corfu, anciently Corcyra, which has large mention In ancient history, will become famous again. The climate Is fine and the island is sufficiently large to afford variety of scenery and situa tion. The call for the special session of the Legislature December 21 will give time to do all the necessary business and allow the members to get home for Christmas. A single day. Indeed, should suffice for the work of the session; and two days certainly should be enough. In the proclamation of the Governor the single purpose of calling the session is defined. It seems to be necessary, in order to cure the defects of the tax law enacted last Winter. The Oregonlan fully believes that the best way to cure them is to repeal that act and to re-enact the old law. The plea of drunkenness has often been urged in defense of a murderer, and not infrequently it has saved from the gallows a man whose crime merited the extreme penalty. By way of va riety, now we have a man arraigned for murder for whom the defense "too drunk to kill" Is set up. And this man Is an Indian whose boasted capacity for firewater Is "a pint at a breath." This is a novel plea, to say the least and Interesting because it is new. An In dian too drunk to fight presents the noble red man In an entirely new role. The Topeka (Kan.) Capital has made a postal-card canvass among the Re publican County Central Committees of the state, which shows remarkably the popularity of Roosevelt In that section. "Not a single county," it says, "Is found as being opposed to the nomination of Mr. Roosevelt In nearly every county scores of the Democrats and Populists openly announce that they will vote for Roosevelt in case he heads the Republican National ticket next year." What A. B. Hepburn, former Con troller of the Currency, has to say on the financial condition of the country is well worth reading. A calm stat ment from him Is published in another column. Mr. Hepburn, while admitting that "Industrial" stocks have absorbed practically all of the surplus capital, does not take a dark view of the future. A monument has been erected near Geneva in token of the regret of Cal vinism for the execution of Servetus. Would that the good man might at length be suffered to rest in peace! His melancholy story has been working overtime for nearly 400 years. The Kaiser's doctors assure us that his departure for a mild climate is de manded by his general health and has no relation to his throat. If they hadn't said this, we might have believed It When we got out of the clutches of Colombia, we escaped the need of a Good Samaritan. An ounce of preven tion Is worth a pound of cure. - IS HOSPITALITY A LOST ART? An American woman of daring and pas sionate convictions, generous outlook and illimitable desire to bring the world to a better way of thinking, has recently expressed herself on the use of the home as a social medium, through a perversion of the old-fashioned virtue of hospitality. Hero is a placo in its basic idea private, says Charlotte Perkins Gilraan; a place originally intended for the safety and peace, the shelter and comfort of the family that makes it; and yet it 13 now used as a place for entertaining a locust horde of devouring guests who consume a king's ransom without being in the least hungry. Houses are built furnished and decorated with express regard to "enter taining"; the expenses of family life are most cruelly Increased; home comfort gives way before it family unity is de stroyed. With the growth of cities hospitality Is no longer" a necessity, she argues. It be longs to the frontier, the pathless desert the bleak and lonely mountains, where continued exposure means danger, and to be lost means death there, among the Bedouin Arabs, the Highlanders, or the frontiersmen of America, you find the fine flower of hospitality. But in the thickly settled city where safety, comfort and convenience attend our steps, why give freely what the fas tidious tourist would rather buy? Why offer your limited accommodations when better are to bo had at the hotel? There is no longer any reason for hospitality save in exchanging visits with friends from the country or from beyond the sea Such is tho conclusion reached by Mrs. Gilman. There Is no doubt but that tho lavish, promiscuous wholesale entertainment of friends in tho bulk, as though they were sardines or mackerel or herring, has a touch of the commercial, a complacent payment of all social obligations by one fell swoop at the conventionalities, and then a long sigh of relief till ihe debts accumulate again. In the horde of guests there are moderately suro to be some whose favor is propitiated for purely busi ness purposes. Indeed, the whole affair, it sometimes happens, is merely a clever and roundabout way of advertising the success of a professional man who uses his wife and home for this purpose, be cause the transcendently subtle and re fined ethics of his profession forbid him to advertise In more straightforward and direct fashion through the newspapers. Thl3 tendency to commercialize the fam ily hearthstono Is not the only way In which we Americans prostitute tho mod est old-fashioned grace of hospitality. We frighten away those rare and kin dred spirits which might otherwise enter the bracing comradeship of bright high thoughts wTiich goes by the name of friendship. Moreover this lavish parade of the household gods involves each of the hundred guests in a social obligation and necessitates a hundred similar entertain ments. And thus it happens that this lordly, ostentatious display Is popularly regarded as belonging by divine right to our democracy. Every American citizen who cannot afford it has been robbed. Thus is extravagance pampered and hos pitality violated; a burden too heavy to be borne is placed upon the shoulders of the family breadwinner, who carries It unflinchingly while his strength is in Its prime, only to falter and go down under the load at last But we must not forget that behind this endless routine of social, gastronomic, mu sical, literary pageants, Is tho restless, searching, unquenchable spirit of woman. reaching out with hungry heart and tire less brain toward a broader culture, a riper knowledge of tho. secret processes by which the old world grows, a more en lightened understanding of the thousand new forms of life engendered hour by hour and year by year in that miracle of miracles, our 0th century civilization. The homo can no longer be regarded as the simple, detached entity that it was In primitive times. A hundred delicate fila ments connect it with the complex frame work of society. It has both suffered and profited by evolution. Even in its prime function as a place of refuge, shelter and protection In time of danger or dis tress, it has. In a measure, been super seded by "home3" of various kinds, hos pitals, asylums, hotels, reform schools, and when a crime has been committed and safety is at stake, even by the prison bars, for the time 13 past when a man's home Is his fortress: As the seat of all primitive industries It has given way to the 'factory, the dairy, the ranchhouse, the agricultural college. As the seminary where the daughters acquired all their dower of knowledge it has been sup planted by the private boarding school and the public day school, tho university, and the more technical cooking school and nurses' training classes. On the other hand the home has acquired many new uses, not always of an elevating nature, or of a kind to be helpful and inspiring to growing girls and boys. It has become a tool for social advancement profession al advertisement, political lobbying; it Is temporarily a woman's clubhouse where committee meetings, caucuses, club teas, luncheons and department study classes are held ad libitum. Has the home then entirely lost its old time spirit of hospitality, simple, unpre meditated, hearty and true? And Is there indeed no longer any need for this in our great cities, as Mrs. Gilman maintains? We cannot believe thl3 In the face of the dally tragedies that beset the wayfarer in every center of industry tragedies of the inner life, and for tho most part unguessed by careless onlook ers. The flotsam and jetsam of humanity drift past-our doors from day to day; there is an uncounted multitude of home less workers doing the world's drudgery without tho inspiration and moral support that come from the happy companion lonshlp of home life. How grateful to these hard-pressed travelers is an occa sional hour by the fireside of a friend, the wanu greeting of hand and heart that cheers them-on to the next task, trans forms the sordid drudgery Into a God given opportunity for self-expression, and points out the divinity of common things. These gracious and beneficent acts of hospitality may with tact be performed without conflict with the primal, vital, inviolable function of the home, that of ministering to tho comfort and needs of the family Who created it If it is indeed true that the fulfillment of personal duties in social relations is the crowning service of the world and even genius should not be exempt from this then how Important it is that every act of hospitality should be a consecrated service, performed without ostentation or sordid motive of social, political, or com mercial advancement, but with the simple, spontaneous courtesy which comes from the heart and goes to the heart The home of today Is in a state of tran sition. Its use by women for club teas, caucuses and committee meetings Is only a passing phase In its evolution to better things, for the time Is rapidly approach ing when women will have their own club houses. As for the destruction of family unity, tho responsibility for this does not He with the perverters of hospitality, as Mrs. Gilman believes. Whatever disruptive and centrifugal forces are at work within the family may be traced to the steadily grow ing individualism that marks the progress of the Anglo-Saxons, the differentiation of the members of the human race Into highly specialized types, Intensified tem perament and activities, and the Increas ing imposslbilfty in our complex civili zation of supplying from the home alone all the material needed for the full and flower-like development of each individual. This Is a problem, therefore, In no wise connected with our modern distortion of the spirit of hospitality. It Is with tho human being as with a blossoming plant; the sustenance on which it feeds comes not alone from the ground in which the plant "is rooted and has its home, but from the surrounding air. Every wind that blows brings it in creased vigor, adding a gayer, tenderer color to its petals, a fresher green and sturdier growth to leaf and branch. GERTRUDE METCALFE. NOTE AND COMMENT. Without Aid of Police. She was beautiful in the extreme and no one seeing her would wonder that tho young man who helped her on a Washing ton street-car was anxious to make an impression. From his very polite and formal manner In addressing her no Sher lock Holmes was needed to deduce that their acquaintance was recent Opposite them sat an elderly woman, of tho Carrie Natron type of face, grimly holding; on to a quarter of a dollar which she had ex tracted from her purse at tho approach of the conductor. In some unexplainable manner the coin slipped from her hand and dropped with a jingle to the floor. Elaborately arising from his seat the young man emitted a gracious "Permit me, Madame," and reached for the coin. "No you don't young man! That's my money!" exclaimed the owner of the coin. Saying which she gave the youth at violent shove as his hand was about to close on the quarter dollar. Being In a stooping position the shove caused the hapless youth to land in a heap on the muddy floor, while the dowager seized her coin and stood glaring defiantly at the pros trate form. "Now I am willing to forgive the lady for the humiliation she caused me," mourned the youth, "but the way sho ruined my chances with Miss B-; 13 something for which she can never mako amends.-" No adjournment no Christmas dinner I Transpired A much misused word; look It up. Will Bryan come back with his trousera turned up? Easter Sunday will lose much of It3 significance if It becomes customary for Portland women to remove their hats in church. Strike While tho Iron Is Hot appears to be tho motto of New York ironworkers who walked out in the middle of their day's work. When Mesdames Bernhardt and Calve Join forces it is time for theater-goers to get odds from the box office on the chances of any one performance taking place. When Miss Peck, tho eminent mountain climber, gets through dallying with tho Himalayas and Andes she might come to the Northwest and tackle some real mountain peaks. "Pop," began the small Alblna enfant terrible, stopping his father, who was hurrying to the barn to feed the hungry cow, "how Is it that our cow keeps hol lerin "maw when it wants fodder?' " If Panama insists upon war "Uncle Sam will havo to resurrect a couple of muzzle loading cannon and a half a dozen old muskets. A Corporal's squad would prob ably be needed to meet the emergency. Says an eminent biographer, "Great men of all times havo shown a marked tendency toward absent mlndedness." Wherefore there should be no significance or stigma attached to it when a Chief of Police forgets ho has prisoners to keep track of and allows them to walk away. As an Instance of the progress of the past hundred years attention has been called to the contrast between the 509 days required for the Lewis and Clark expedition to journey from St Louis to Portland and the 70 hours now required by the Iron horse of the rails to make the same trip. Who knows but that similar contrasts may be made a hundred years hence between the TO hours required back in 1903 when steam was used, and th8 70-minute trips made by the Com-pressed-AIr Tube Limited. There is no telling what a hundred years will do. G. W, Loch invar. Sir Walter Scott. Oh, young Lochlnvar has come out of tha west! Through all the wild border his steed was the best; And, save his good broadsword, ho weap ons had none; Ho rode all unarmed, and he rode all alone. So faithful In love, and so dauntless In war, There never was knight like yonug Loch In var. Eo staid not for broke, and be stopped not for stone; He swam the Esk River, where ford thero was none; But, ere he alighted at Netherby gate. Tho brldo hod consented, the gallant cams late; -For a laggard In love, and a dastard in war. Was to wed the fair Ellen of brave Loch invar. Bo boldly ho entered the Netherby Hall. Among bridesmen, and kinsmen, and broth ers, and all. Then spoke the bride's father, his hand on his sword (Vor the poor craven bridegroom said never a word), v "Oh, come yo in peace hero, or come- yo in war. Or to danoo at our bridal, young Lord Lochlnvar T" 'T long wooed rour daughter! mr suit you denied; Love swells like the Solway, but ebbs Ilka Its tide; And now T am come with this lost love of mine' To Iad but one measure, drink ono cup of wine. Thero aro maidens in Scotland more lovely by far, That would gladly b brldo to young-Loch-Invar." Tho bride kissed tho goblet, tho knight tood it up; He quaffed off the wine, and he threw down tha cup; She looked down to blush, and aha looked up to sigh. With a smile on her llpo, and a tear in her eye. He took her soft hand, ere her mother could bar, "Now tread wo a measure," said young Lochlnvor. So stately his form, and so lovely her faca That never a hall such a galllard did grace; While her mother did fret, and her father did fume. And the bridegroom stood dangllngr his bon net and plume; And tho brldesmaldens whispered, "'Twera better by far To have matched our fair cousin with young Lochlnvar." One touch 'to her nand. and ono word in her ear. When they reached tha hall door, and tha charger stood near. So light to tho croup tho fair lady ha. swung. So light to the saddle before her ho sprung. "She Is won! We are gone, over bank, bush, and scaur. They'll havo fleet steeds that, follow," quoth, young Lochlnvar. There was mounting 'mong Graemes of tha Netherby clan; Forsters, Fenwiclcs and Musgraves, they rode and they ran; There was racing and chasing on Conoble Lee, But the lost brldo of Netherby ne'er did they see. So daring In love, and so dauntless in war, Have you e'ejr heard a. gallant like young Xochlnvar?