16 . - " 1 -THE SUNDAY OSEGONIAM, PGKEEAKDi MAT 1, lMt. ELIZABETH She Tells Nell of the A MONO THE POINTED FIRS. My Dear Nell: The triumphant crowing of a jubilant chanticleer, with voice like a steam calliope, echoing through the rwoods just now suddenly reminded me that your chicken education was being neglected, so, dropping my rake on the hillside, among the tall yellow buttercups, X hurried into the house, threw off my eunhonnet, picked up tablet and pen. un corked my ink bottle, and now your self appointed guide is again ready to lead you along the primrose paths of poultrydom. Tou remember the late unpleasantness yrlth our "settln hens," don't you? Well. Just about the time the colony, was fairly established In business, and we had. paused a moment to look over the scene of con flict, and wipe the perspiration from our Severed brows, a smiling little sheepherder ef the hills handed me a note from Mary. It was certainly unique. A sheet of pale Bray note paper daintily folded, and pinned together by a white feather, cross ing it diagonally. Fastened near the top of the inside page, a row of cunning little chickens, just emerging . from the shell; cut perhaps from some advertisement, and just beneath, the following poetic qver dw: ' r To tho Hermitage hasten to tea. And delay not to fix. you're- wanted. Just for to see Our brand-new chicks. How humiliating, with ours stllL In the .ahelll Tom, reading the note, exclaimed, onfound the luckl ;We started neck and Beck in this race, and they beat us with eggs, and now come under the wire- two ' weeks ahead with young chickens. No 'wonder they have 'dropped into poetry,' though that second line is superfluous, don't you think?" Yes, they muSt have seeded a rhyme for "chicks," as they well know that "fixing" is with us a lost art. Thank heaven it is," fervently responded the gentleman, turning down the hem of us overalls, as a slight concession to the ss&ges of polite society. The housekeeper, bo ting the naif pint of oata which rolled eut on the floor, was calmly ignored, as in his bast circus tones he announced himself ready "for the .great, free, moral, and spectacular exhibition of the recently in cubated." A half hour later in comfort able negligee, we were seated at the social fcoard of our- successful competitors. What topics think you, Nell, are, dis cussed "over tno tea cups" In the hills? Dinner parties? luncheons, receptions? last-nlght's-drama? Not at all. nothing so giddy as that. Nor do wo'discdurse of art. music, lltenatute and,, such hackneyed themes. No, my friend, the agricultural mind soars not so far above the soli. The flow of soul usually begins with chickens and eggs: the subject of butter is then feelingly brought forward, which naturally Bug greets cows; cows, pasture; then 'tis but a step to crops in general and "vetch" In particular. Lives there a man with soul eo dead that he does not expatiate upon the wonderful properties of "vetch"? If such' there be, he Is not a resident of the &111 country. Until we came here I had never heard the word spoken, and now these new landed proprietors talk of It from the rising to the setting of the sun. You know, Nell, how copious In argument men are, how exhaustively they treat MO'DE'R.yN ED IS our modern system of education ad equate to our needs? Jn discussing this question, three distinct phases present themselves to us,, namely, the In tellectual, Which, concerns itself with thought; the moral,, which has to do with conduct: tho practical; which deals j solely with results. 2Zo education worthy" the name can "Be considered complete or well rounded which dpes not combine within, itself all of these phases. To get a clear idea of our subject, then, before we storm its citadel, let us ask our selves, "What is the purpose of educa tion?" Says a well-known writer of the day "The object of all education should bo to increase the usefulness of man usefulness to himself and to others." In ' other words, it should fit him to fight successfully the battle of life. Every ' (thing, that does not help toward this end ' Should be considered as a waste of time, ; and energy. In how far then our pres ent system of education fulfills its pur- pose must bo the objeot of our Investi- j I nations. "Let us begin with the Intellectual ohase, which as we all understand it has its- development in the schoolroom. I will state the case first as it presents it self to the casual observer; crudely per- j haps, yet briefly and simply. The child 'is taken, to 6Chool at a tender age. It Is provided- with textbooks of various quan- j -tity and quality. These books contain a given number of facts which must be memorized within a given time. The child Is taught that certain things are and accepts these statements upon faith, the reasoning faculties as yet remaining tiorxnant. Memory is set upon the throne 'and usurps control. After the process of ) stocking the memory has been completed 'art one class, an examination takes place, j na if It Is found that a reasonable num- f cer or tcese given facts are stiu lodged tin the memory, the fortunate possessor 'of such memory is allowed to pass on to i& higher grade, where the stocking pro Jcees continues. 1 X-SaTvledgo That Molds. Tne brain is treated not unlike the -Jcmjjer room of a big house. All odds and ends are stored away therein, with the expectation that at some future day these things might come in handy. In the meantime, as a matter of fact, these things are oftencst forgotten or left to xaold or rot away. A good deal of this rotting process takes place even during the school term, for as soon as a new grade is reached that which has gone before Is crowded out by that which is sew put in, and oftenest that which ctlefce fast to the mind during the stock ing process is the least valuable of all the Information acquired. If this state ment seems exaggerated to you. Just turn to your old echoolbooks and eee how tnany of all the questions therein pro pounded you can answer correctly.' Per haps the results would astonish some of you who had never given the matter a thought But to continue: The child, let us say, -Is through school. It has graduated that mecca of all schoolgirls', it not schoolboys' aspirations; received a diploma; passed with -nigh honors and won the respect and admira tion of all Its schoolmates and teachers.. What next? Youths and maidens are now supposed to bo ready to begin the sattle of life. But are they really fitted to enter upon their duties to take up the responsibilities of life? How many grad 'Bates realize what their duties are, if they question the matter of duty at all? If there are any among you here today who believe that our school and home training is all that it should be, let me aek you Reason for Pallarci. Why is it that so many of our young men and women are failures in life? Why do so many young men go forth into the world, turning from one occupation to aaother, often spending naif their lives trying to find out what they are fitted for. only to make the discovery when it Is too" late to benefit them. Why do so many f our young glrla go wrong, often mar tying la haste foe the mere novelty, & N H E'R M EW CTREGON HOME -Vicissitudes Connected With the; Bcinging-Up of Chiceas ever subject, so you can Imagine what ltary"and 1 have suffered. The talk the evening of which I write, began as usual with fowls, dwelling chiefly upon the idlosyncrasies.of tho sitting hen as we were- all at that time In the- thick, of the fray especially did we deplore her combativeness; Bert folding up a pair of-battle-scarred hands as proof that his re cent triumph had not been wholly free from sanguinary features. When the conversation had advanced, by easy stages ; to crops, our hostess, divin ing premonitory symptoms of "vetch," made a praiseworthy attempt to save the- day, by calling attention, to the beautiesof the sunset. She waa Just a little too late; even as she spoke the Rubicon was crossed. Vaguely conscious of her remark, two preoccupied faces with unseeing eyes, turned automatically westward, but the flow of speech went on. The fascinations of vetch yield to no sunset on sea or land. Mary, with a look of comic despair, turned to me, whispering in the tragic tones of Vlrglnlus: "And now there is no way but this," rose from the table, and I drew a long breath, for her right hand was dan gerously near the carving-knife. This move brought them to their feet, but with a 'dazed look, as-if "branches they bore of that enchanted stem," and could not quite, free themselves from its witchcraft. Bert, .gradually regaining consciousness, went in. -search of the "brand-new chicks," bringing them In his straw bat.. Fluffy, velvety little balls of yellow, and. black, soft "grays, and creamy brows. It waa like looking at a hatful of prize pansles. .It?" seemed a pity that that downy .bloom must so soon give way to pin-foa'thers; Theexhlbltor remarked boastfully, "This is only a small line or samples. I have in etocK. 25. of these valuable birds." "And ' they aro all right, too, for a starter;" said Tom, patronizingly, "but, if you will drop In to the Pointed Fir Hatch-. ery In a couple of weeks, we will show you, sin about 2500 of them." I grieve -to note the habit of exaggeration growing upon Thomas. Possibly 200 were batched, but to raise them after hatching aye, there's the rub. Watchful sparrow-hawks swooped down upon them by day; at night, bloodthirsty prowlers of the forest crept s'tealthlljs. forth ,io claim their, share; of the survivors, m&ny suffered from' disease, and not only tho newly fledged, but quite a number of the older ones, which were what Tom called a lot of scrubs. These were bought during the rainy season, of accessible and accommodating ranchmen. whor naturally did not dispose oi their best. Finding Tom one day gravely stirring some" sort of mixture on the stove, I asked, "What In the world is that?: "This,, ipadame, Ja; lard? and cayenne pepped afflose designed--, foraa sick hen." "Hqw do. you know she is" sick?"5 '"Ekypu 'isaw a., hen moping, around humpeS-up'-llko thls'feraphlcally Illustrat ing), you would conclude that she wasn't enjoying the best of health, wouldn't you?" "I'd think she had the blues; what does all her?" "That I can't tell you." "Who suggested that mixture?" "This mixture was used with unparal-' leled success In an airly day at my Uncle Jlm'B." "Oh! As a remedy for what?" "Don't ask so many questions; I don't know what It was given for. and I don't carer ltfs, the only chicken remedy I wot Ue ATI ON love of change and excitement, only to have recourse, to the divorce courts when they find out that they have made a mls tak6? Why do we have no servants to help us In our homes? Why do business men complain that they cannot-get com petent hands? Why do men find it neces sary: to-resort to; trickery and bribery in order to get along in th; world, or to practice all the vices of the .calendar In order to pass another also climbing the ladder of success? Why are all these thingsso. and you cannot deny they are? There is but one answer: It. ii because our system of education Is inadequate to our needs. And by educatlonil'inean not alone that of the school, but also that of the home and the church. Our children are not led to think; they are taught duties; they are not given responsibilities; they are not made to respect labor. "There was an Idea in the olden time," says Elbert Hubbard In that Philistine, "and it is not yet dead, that njhBever was educatedk ought not. to -wor; that he should use his head and nothla hands. The cultured regarded ..the useful as de grading; they were" willing to stain their souls to keep their hands white." DIg-nlty of Labor.. I once heard a lady say to her 12-year-old boy: "Johnny, if you do not study you will never amount to -anything in tho world. When you grow up you will be fit for nothing but an old car driver or a hodcarrler." It is this making the young-, look down upon honest toll and manual labor that is largely responsible for tho present evil conditions. How can wo expect girls to take" positions as helpers in 'homes and boys to do manual labor In shops and stores, if we teach them to look down upon the work of the hands? Better a thousand times a successful carpenter, earning 52 and ?3 a day, than a shvster lawyer who cannot turn a penny save by trickery and dishonest practice. As to duties and responsibilities, bow can wo expect our girls and boys to know aught of these, when all through their childhood they have been taught to cast their burdens upon others? How expect them to consider their neighbor and to deal righteously with him when their per sonal ambitions are constantly fostered and no sense of ' obligation or duty to others Inculcated? There Is a tendency nowadays to place the entire burden of responsibility upon j the schools. This is a mistake. People seem to- bo losing sight of tho fact that the parent and the church as well as the school nfce a duty to society; that they have responsibilities that they cannot, dare not shirk, and that the moral and physical welfare of the young lies upon their hands and not upon the public schools. Nevertheless, the schools are not blame less. Now I do not wish to be classed among those useful though somewhat ex asperating individuals the cranks or ichronlc fault-finders who never see good in anything; but on the other hand neither do I want to be ranked among those easy going, self-satisfied persons who think It a sin to disturb existing conditions, and who, If a house were to topple down- over their heads would say, provided they had any breath left In them to say anything. Twas the will of God." I would think they might have found the will of God telling them to mend the roof and so pre vent its falling in. I am reminded here of the old farmer in- Lover's Lane who, when his minister waa trying conscienti ously to bring about reforms in the church creed by eliminating the belief in a hell, remonstrated furiously: "Hell waa good enough for my grandfather and Its plenty good enough for me." Seme Mistakes. To proceed then, let me point out some mistakes In our educational system as they appear to' me: In the first' place the school is given the appearance' of being- final and com plete. Whatever fine, speeches may be addressed to the pupils on graduation day about the duties and responsibilities of life, of education being but a stepplng- stohe to success, a foundation upon which they must build the structure of their lives, and all the rest of the well-worn . tirade it is lust about as efficacious &f of, and when one of ours oeems indisposed she's going to get a dose of. It." With this defiant declaration, the gen tleman went out to. visit his patient, and I looked up a bulletin on poultry from the Oregon Agricultural College. I was ap palled. Nell, to learn of the diseases chick en .flesh Is heir to. It seemed, if we succeeded In saving even one, it would be as a brand snatched from the burning. In my pursuit of Information I 'had just -stumbled upon a poser as the- doctor returned. "Tom, has a hen a nose?" "Heavenfe, Elizabeth; what next? I don't know, not a noticeable one, I guess; at least, not one that she can turn up; why?" "Because, this book speaks of a .hen's nostrils, which Implies a nose, don't you think? It. saysr sometimes a alight In crustation forms over them which should be gently removed by their caretaker." "Tee: well, I can tell you right now, that It will be on exceedingly- frigid day when this caretaker gently removes it. If a hen can't attend to her own nose she-can go to Jorico for all of ms." Oh, It is so wearing, this trying to. in still scientific knowledge Into .the mind of one who absorbs so little. Sustained, however, by an angelic disposition and an earnest desire for his enlightenment, I began galn, timidly: "If this patient of yours should, happen to be suffering from lung troublei -you should have given her a soothing drink." "Soothing fiddlesticks!" '! thought you approved of "the teach ings of the Oregon Agricultural College?" "Well, Isn't warm, melted lant,&'sooth ing drink?" "I have never- tried It as a beverage, but with the amount of cayenne . pepper added. It might, I should, think, excoriate even the well-seasoned throat of the ter rible Mr. Qpllp. Didn't it strangle her?" "It did, Elizabeth: but It also aroused her from her apathy, and that Is a point gained." To my surprise. Nell, after taking a few doses, that fowl regained her health and spirits. During that Summer the invigor ating cordial was frequently administered and with varying results. Patients with strong constitutions survived It, others died; but the doctor's faith in the efficacy of the sovereign remedy remained un shaken. He had several baffling cases; for in stance, there was a hen that looked per fectly well, and ate ravenously; When wheat wag thrown out, she would start for It on the run, but would soon begin to wobble like an exhausted top, and fall over. perharTs several times before reach ing tho goal, often landing there on her back, when she would turn on her side 'and gobble wheat as deftly as the well ones. She was soon placed In a private sanitarium and" her meals carried to her until death came to her relief. I. pro nounced this case, epilepsy; though Tom said it was a clear case of locomotor ataxia, and that hot even the O. A. C. could have saved her. Wo had one frightful little chicken, with an abnormally large head; It could walk a very little In a stiff and awful way, but couldn't stand at all and maintain' Its equilibrium, except with Its feet very wide apart and Its bill poked In the ground. i The court physician's diagnosis was "dropsy of the brain." It did look like 1U As it couldn't keep within even hail ing distance of Its mother it was brought to the house, for the rest ctrre. Here it was never at ease unless it could find ADDRESS BY MISS SOPHIE REINHART, OF PORTLAND, BEFORE THE WOMAN'S CLUB OF ASTORIA to expect a man when, after" he had' formed the habit of drink to leave off after listening to a lecture on temperance. Give the child to understand while It Is studying that the school term is not all there Is of learning In the world. Indeed, If educa tion would only build more upon this thought there would be leas attempt to crowd all the knowledge which a child Is meant to attain Into a nine or 12 years' school term. We have a lifetime before us in which to learn. Secondly We have too much memory cramming. Originality can wear the dunce cap In school If united to a slow memory. Memory Instead of thought Is made the test of capability. What would we think of a housekeeper who kept continually laying In stores and stores of eggs, flour, butter, cream and sugar, and never mixed them Into palatable dishes for her table? What would be the result upon the diges tive organs of that family? Well, there Is such a thing as mental Indigestion, and some pupils suffer with It to such an extent that as soon as they are through school and the strain J.s removed they seek the only relief in their power they disgorge. You- might ask, perhaps, "Would you do away then entirely with memory drill?" By no means. But I would reduce the -quantity and change the method. As Is done In later years and all through life, facts must bo accumulated and stored In the memory from day to day, but these facts must all be assimilated and the stor ing must be an unconscious process. It must not be made a burden. We all know that whatever makes a deep Impression upon the mind Is indelibly printed upon the tablets of memory. Therefore, our sole concern with teaching a child facts should be to make these sufficiently ' Im pressive and to give plenty of time for' asslmhation. Thirdly Too many assertions are ac cepted without question, assertions that in later years must bo discarded as false. Just stop to think a moment Were you yourselves not taught many things In your childhood which In after years, you learned to know as false? And did this help to strengthen your faith and trust? Or did It not tend to make you skeptical even there where faith should have been a guiding star a plank of safety? Why teach children things that you do not be lieve yourselves? You say they will find it out for themselves" In time. So, they will, and the knowledge of the deception practiced upon them will make them cynics In ethics and skeptics In religion. Is this the end you wish to attain for your children? Fourthly Good homo training should not be allowed to go out of fashion. It is all well and good to leave your children a certain latitude in thought and action, and not to crush their individuality; but Intel lectual and moral freedom, when given to those who are as yet slaves to their weak ness, trains selfish and Irresponsible, hu man beings. Freedom can only be the award of him who has conquered self; It cannot and must not be bestowed upon children. A FVtt Remedies Suggested. And now as to a remedy for these evils. It Is indeed most difficult for even the pro roundest thinker to find one broad enough and wide enough, to cover all the Held. For one of lesser Intellect It Is only pos sible to offer suggestions and wait for re sults prove their efficiency. I would, in, the first place, eliminate from the schools: all political control. We should elect on. our School Board honest and experienced' educators, men and women of broad; lib eral minds, whose time could be glvetv np entirely to the study of this great and all-Important question. Our textbooks should be changed to meet the demand of the new system; that is. they should .be condensed and simplified, reducing the memory work for the pupils and giving the teachers time to do more Individual work. Only- competent teachers should be employed and those should hold life posi tions. Put them upon a scale of promotion and increase of salary. Place textbooks as many as needed Into the hands of the, teachers but as few as possible into the hands of the child. Instead of cramming their little heads with facts, draw out what is in them, make them think more and memorize less. Give them plenty of exercise in writing, which, after all. Is the best means toe assimilating knowledge. ana Insert its bill In a crevicrf of t)w kitchen floor, then with "closed eyes- It would stand very stlt 'ee many minutes, a painful and grewsoine-Iooklng object. Very often the professional eye- turned thoughtfully toward It, and I well knew the gentleman was wondering- whether or not the malady could, be reached by lard and:epjien. X was-glad; Nell, when kindly death lnterpos6 asd: saved the poor little sufferer fronx Graham's Great Elixir. During- theSUsamer Tojh, not being quite satisfied .with, scrubs, bought soma better chickens. Among them was- one which caused him great trouble for a time. A fine thoroughbred Plymouth Hock,, called by his former owner-"Cap' t Jack." The Captain, for- some reason known only to himself, objected to the early hours kept by 'our mountain" folk; and flrmfy refused to enter the dormitory with them at sunset. It might have been that he had an affair of honor arranged with some hostile member of an outlying camp; or, being-town bred,' he might have been waiting- far curfew to ring. Of course we could only guess at the mo tives which prompted his- erratic conduct. But we- did know that If he were left at large he would surely fall a victim to some- lynx-eyed assassin of the bills, con sequently Tom: had. to stay with him until be voluntarily walked Into the- chicken house. 1 said "Let him go in when he. gets, ready, and close the door later." "He would never get ready, Elizabeth: he would hide away In some .tree, and that would be the end of his. earthly, ca reer. You must not forget that be cost mo three big. silver dollars." I do assure you, Nell, that It was a solemn and impressive spectacle as seen In the- gloaming, those two weird, shad owy figures moving slowly and silently through the tall weeds and dog fenneL. The captain a few paces In advance, shpwing no perturbation, though well he knew, "a frightful fiend doth close be hind him tread." Occasionally he- would pause to snatch a belated bug, or an anwary grasshopper; or. with assumed nonchalance, stop, be fore some little bush, scratch about Its roots., then stand on. tip too and examine each leaf as carefully" as If he were ' en gaged In the study of hotany. All this time Tom, with the same af fected carelessness, would be' sauntering very near, pausing as, the Captain paused, Just as If he were taking an evening stroll, and had by the merest accident fallen in with the military gentleman, always, though, keeping on the off side, almost Imperceptibly guiding the wan derer's steps bedward. When at last he entered the building, the door would bang behind him with,' such force as to shake the whole crazy structure. Tom Is not the most patent of men, and I really think "murder would have stained ihls hand with gore," but for the restraining power of those three al mighty dollars. These evening rambles were- continued for a couple of weeks, when suddenly It dawned upon the benighted intellect of the Captain that sunset was the sound ing of taps In the. hills, whereupon, "yield ing to the force' of ,an Imperious cus tom," he turned In with the others, and gave his guardian no further trouble. I have treated this subject almost as exhaustively as the men have treated "Vetch." but It seemed necessary, In or der to give you a clear Insight Into this business. And now I think, Nell, that I have given you much important in formation, and many valuable Instruc tions. If you, will take these truths to heart and practice them when occasion offers you. will be able to conduct a chicken ranch quite as successfully as, ELIZABETH. Ideas are like seeds? If we continue to cover the ground with soil the seeds will soon be burled under the pile and die be fore It can raise Its "needta- tne sunlight Next I would separate; the sexes after they have reached thelrlOth pr.l2th year. They have different'yofcatloadi to fill In llfo and should be,? differently trained. Boys should have men teachers and girls women teachers. L, Then I would fayprAthe Introduction of manual labor Into ajl the public schools -hot so much to teach trades as to instill the right principles in regard to labor. Only a child that has been taught the satisfaction of creating with, his own hands, that has experienced the delight afforded at the knowledge of his own use fulness and skill, will have the respect for work that work demands. Lastly, let us make education practical. In our homes let us Instill habits of virtue, not theories: habits of responsibilities, not lectures: habits of duties, not remon strances; not preaching Is needed, but practice. If necessary let us open schools for -mothers, rather than that .tho respon sibility of moral training be foisted upon -the already overburdened public schools. We want our children to be successful In life. Very well. let us give them an education that will make them so. -Tet them know life as it Is as well as what It might and ought to be. Prepare them to meet obstacles and temptations. Give them that which will help them to master temptation when It comes as It must come to all and do not think to shield them from It all their lljfes. We want a system :ot education In the schools. In the churches, in the homes, that will give us responsible human beings men who are not afraid .to work and who are self-respecting and capable. Women who are filled with a sense of duty, who respect themselves and their vocation and who are not afraid to shoul der the deeper responsibilities of life In a word, real men and true women who. while fulfilling their dally round of toll and pleasure, will never for a moment leave out of sight those heights to which Emerson pointed when he said, "Hitch thy wagon to a-star." It Is to high ideals that character owes all that Is noblest and best and these can only be Instilled by dally and hourly habits of thought and practice. THEX AND NOW. It used to be the fashion For girls who wished a beau To learn to do housekeeping- And stay at home and sew. Alas; 'tis now the fashion With girls who set & beau To dress and slglinc a troll the strata. Or else be deemed "too alow." It used to- bo the faahlon For a roan who'd bo a beau To show he had some business tact And vim to make It go. But now, alas! he only needs Or flashy suit, and brass To make him very popular With girls ox. any class. It used to be the fashion For man and wife to own A cozy plot of ground and. house They called, a happy, home; But now to save much toll and car And fashionable prove. They dwell In flats or board around. With many a fretful move. It used to be the fashion To have children by the. score; But It perchance they now have on They vow they'll have no more. Tou ask wnate'er has caused such change I point with, heartfelt groans To countless, shameless libertines And numerous ruined homes. ' GRANDMA. Soldiers IVitheat Handkerchiefs, Tho Russian Miatster of War aaJut dis covered that rail one ann ia a -thoasand !n tho Rssal&B army possesses a packet saa&er chief. Be has Invited tenders for 5G&,Me bsd kerchiefs, -which win be decorated with Bus. shut tags mi ethr patriotic devlos Y Hon. Eugene m- PARTISAN hasr. hean dsflrfied. a j '"one whose Judgment or percep tion. is. clouded- by a- prejudiced adherence' to his party." In that sense my administration of the office of District Attorney of tfie County of New York was nonpartisan, and not from the point of viw that; 1 ceased, to be a party man. I remained a Democrat but felt that true loyalty , to my party meant fidelity to the trust to be discharged. When X .assumed the office I under stood that I had been- appolnte'd as a Democrat:" in other words,-that Governor Roosevelt would not have made the ap pointment if X had, been; A Republican, but would have selected some Democrat who he believed would administer the office solely in the interest of the people. The reason for this was that the official whose removal made the appointment necessary was a Democrat, and the Gov ernor, with a. high regard for . the will of the- people that has always, charac terized him, felt that the appointee should be' of the same 'political affllla tiona ' as the man elected Co the," office, and whom he had .been compelled, to re move. The action, of Mr .Boosevelt In thus refraining from taking advantage of the occasion to- give? bis party a most Important and valuable public office was greatly appreciated by the people of New York, and I believe: contributed not a little to the election, of' a Republican Mayor a few months thereafter. Had he been, guided by the shortsighted pol icy that the distribution of patronage, was the only way to maintain a party,, tho Republican party would have enjoyed the control of the. District Attorney's of fice for one year, but lost thef opportunity of administering the affairs of the City of New York through the election of the present Republican, Mayor, Mr. Low. A further advantage was gained by the appointment of a Democrat for pub lic officials charged with crime were mem bers of the Democratic party, and If a Republican had Instituted proceedings against them his efforts- would have- been ascribed to political motives, and the moral effect if not entirely lost, impaired. As it was, not even those prosecuted claimed that there were any political con siderations Involved In the proceedings against them. Nor has It come to my ears, that It was claimed that any un due advantaga was taken In enforcing the law under such .circumstances. In the. endeavor to bring about mu nicipal reform, the men filling subordin ate offices- need not be taken Into con sideration, for it will b& found that with very rare exceptions they are satisfied to perform their full duty, and to re ceive no pecuniary advantage other than the compensation allowed by law. It Is fortunate that this Is so, because these mem are, as a rule. Irrevocably committed to public life, and while from time to time political reversals may remove them from office, yet the vast majority of them are. certain to return" at some time or other, and because of the expectation In that regard never make effort to- pro cure other employment. The Importance of this Is realized when we consider that every election adds to this class by the placing in office of men who for the first time enter public life. This Is particularly true where- tho suc cessful body is not a regular political or ganization, but composed of citizens who . are not professional politicians, in which event a greater number of persons who have not previously been dependent upon PRESIDENT OF THE MINNEHAHA CLUB. Gentlemen iI suffered with. Eczema on the hands and face for over a. year. It yras not only annoying, and painful but very unsightly, and I disliked to go out in the streets. I tried at least a dozen soaps and salves, and became very much discouraged, until I read in tho papers of tho cures performed through the use of S. S. S., and determined to give it a month's trial at least. I am pleased to state that I soon noticed a slight Improvement, sufficient to decide me to keep it up. After tho use of six bottler my. skin was as soft and smooth as an infant's. This wea a year ago, and I have never had any trouble since. MISS GENEVA BRIGGS. 816 S. Seventh Stroet, Minneapolis,- Minn, The humors and poisons that produce the itching eruption, roughness and redness of the skin, must be rooted out before there is complete relief from the terrors? of Eczema. . Nothing applied externally does airy permanent good, for whenever the blood is overheated, or the skin is reacting during Spring and Summer, the disease breaks out again. You can't rely upon washes, soaps, and 'salves, or such things as are applied to the surface for they do not 'reach the seat of the trouble, .which is internal and deeply implanted in; the system ; the blood is aflame with the itching, burning humors, which are carried by the circulation to the surface and-are being constantly forced out through, the glands and pores of the skn, and you can n'ever heal the sores or stop the aggravating eruptions with, ex ternal applications. To neutralize the acids in the blood and. expel the humors and poisons is the jonly way to get permanently rid of this torturing skin trouble, and no remedy known does this ao quickly and thoroughly as S. S. S. It purifies the blood and restores it ta health, and the outbreak of . the poison through the skin ceases, and the sores and eruption gradually disappear. S. S. S. builds up the thin acid blood, makes it rich and strong, and restores to it all the elements of nutrition, and drives from the circulation all impurities; and under the tonic effect of S. S. S. the general system is invigorated and toned up, and you not only get rid of your old skin trouble, but the health is benefited in every way. S. S. S. will find S. S. S. does its work well and thoroughly, and relieves the itching aad burning, soreaess and pain, and soon produces a lasting cure. ... Write us, and. medical advice or any special information desired about this King of SHn Terrors will be given without charge, SWfj SPECIFIC COMPANY, ATLANTA, GAm A. Philfcn, Former Bktrict Attorney politics- fsr their living are forever wore tdentiaed1 wits the- groat army of offlce holserst and office seekers. Tor thla reason, apart from an civil service conaiderationa, it would seem to be-, clearly ta the Interests of the- com munity that the new head- of a depart ment should strive, so far as possible, to retain - those- already- therein, and to try to- get- them to take a truer view of; their, duty to safeguard: public, interests. My own. experience Justifies me. in believing that such a- course will result la. procuring better service, not only during: the ad sinistra tion of such a department chief; but also after his term, expires, for tha reason that snch subordinates- are certain, te spend their lives in public service, and therefore anything, that tends, to raise their standard is certainly conducive to the furtherance of public interests. It 13 also a fact that If such men are re tained by the new edministration they will not have, the same selfish incentive to work for "their party at the next elec tion. From one 'point of view there la no more satisfactory person to deal with than the practical politician. His famil iarity with public affairs and with the vicissitudes of politics enables him to at once adapt himself to- the circumstances, and nlno times out of ten he bears no resentment for a denial if he Is satisfied that -you are not actuated by purely per sonal or political motives-, but simply by a proper realization of your official obli gation. A very distinguished Judge of New York City, who has been many years on the civil bench, and is able, therefore, from personal experience and an unusual opportunity for observation, to speak witn authority, told me that his official ex perience with politicians was most sat isfactory; that with the citizen who was above, politics it was very common to make requests that involved nothing less than a violation of the judicial oath of office. They seemed to think that such a consideration should not be regarded except In the case of politicians or per sons of humbler conditions of life. I found that there was a philosophical submission to the inevitable as repre sented by the law, and a prosecuting at torney whose appreciation of the obliga tions he had assumed precluded his per mitting any circumstances to interfere with Its proper discharge. It Is not so with people In private life, particularly those o the higher classes. I found that it was quite immaterial that the crime committed was a serious one, or that the perpetrator had shown such a dispo sition as to render it almost certain that he must always be an enemy of so ciety If he were a man of high social standing. The position was always taken that the former respectability of the de fendant and the social advantages that he had enjoyed- should satisfy the Dis trict Attorney that no criminal prosecu tion should be instituted, and that he was not to be treated as a person who came from humbler environment The District Attorney was expected to real ize the Immeasurable gulf that separated the drawing-room from the Jail, and therefore overlook the fact that society had been wronged, or that opportunity might bo given for the perpetration of further wrongs, and waive the enforce ment of the law. The low standard of the ofllclal duty- In our municipalities Is doe more to the selfishness and cowardice of the upper classes than to any other cause. The substantial business 'man, particularly it ho has large Interests, at stake, lives In mortal dread of offending the influential politician. Every one who has engaged in reform work has oftenfound that such men, while willing to ""contribute thou sands of dollars to the movement insist - upon having their names withheld. The corrupt politician has received con EeZEMft Tfae Blood Aflame witfi an Itc&fog Httmo? t&at sets t&e on - Eczema, the most common and terrible of all skin troubles, begins sometimes with a slight redness fof the skin, which gradually spreads, and as the inflammation and itching increase, the entire system is thrown into a restless, feverish condition. Soon little watery blisters or pimples break out, from which a clear liquid or yellow fluid is discharged, which forms thick crusts and sores, or falls off in fine particles or scales, leaving the skin raw and tender, or ard and dry like parchment. Bczema attacks most, frequently the legs and arms, back and chest, face and jbands, and is a disease that comes and goes in the earlier stages, but is a perpetual torment and constant annoyance when chronic At times the itching and stinging is so great that the sufferer is driven al most to distraction, and tortured beyond endurance scratches and rubs till the skinis broken and bjeedsj but this onlv ap-gravaies and spreads the disease. Deing a smcuy vegetate wcuiune, acts gejiuy, leaving no bad after-effects, as do Arsenic, Potash and other minerals which are usually prescribed in skin diseases. Eczema cannot be cured by anything applied to the surface of the body the blood must be purified and the cause removed, and in no other way can tjiis deep-seated skin disease be reached. If you have Tetter, Psoriasis, Salt Rheum, Nettle Rash, or any form of Eczema, you of New Yoeb stant; encearagesBent. ki sot oaly the, re spect with wMch he treated, feet alsa In applications, for irregular, faverav It 1m common for hbs te fee treated by man of high standing as a social equal on those .public and private occasions when, they are brought together. He is appealed to when the law places It in his power to exact; a duty, and asked to waive. It al though perhaps if the citizen sufeasJttea to taa law the inconvenience or, expense would be comparatively trivial,- and cer tainly so when compared to his civic duty. " I have kROwrt Bach cltter te brtfe po licemen ta nfral& from performing a duty, and at the same time join earnest ly in a aaovement to- attack police cor ruption. The relatioa of the two things was utterly overlooked. In trials affecting public morals it Is always difficult -to get jurors because of the fear of persecution by the defendant's political associates. And yet the. average, politician Is wholly without courage,, and it" convinced that the law will be determinedly invoked ha will quickly surrender. When the, representative citizens shall stand shoulder to shoulder in mats fals ing the -law no matter what tha conse quences may be, we wiQ have a higher standard of official duty, and not "Before. The first cost will be more than made- n$ by reduction in taxation and freedom from blackmail. Let us not demas4 en forcement of the general law while we ourselves seek evasion. It is safe to say- that New York City has, never had until now a thorough business-like administration, of the po lice department In the years past tha existence of' a board of four commission ers, representatives, of the two. great parties, made: compromises, frequently necessary, and it. Is doubtful If at any time such a body had four men wha wero all unselfishly devoted; to. public in-i teres ts. Under such conditions it la nothing less than remarkable that th$ police force of today is even as. efficient as it is. An opportunity is given tq the present head of the police; department to put it In a better condition than it has ever known, and there is reason to believe that before, his term of ofilce has. ex pired he will have accomplished' that re sult He has,. In the hundreds ' Of pa trolmen on the force a nucleus .for a capable and faithful body. Whlje It Is true that there are among the patrolmen some vicious and wholly dishonest men,, yet the average man will readily re spond to the demands of discipline, and give good and efficient service. It vras. expected when I took office that Investigations through the grand jury would at once be instituted ' as to the various municipal departments, and when month after month passed without any such proceedings being taken there was a feeling that I was neglecting the op portunities my position presented. Inti mations to this effect came to me. con stantly from even those who were sin cerely and unselfishly interested in mu nicipal reform, and attacks wero made upon me by the newspapers. I made no attempted explanations or defense but adhered to the policy that I had adopted after careful study. This was that noth ing could be more fatal to the removal from the office of the then present ad-; ministration by the election to take place within the following few months than by conducting investigations when there was good reason to believe they would fail 'to adduce facts sufficient to justify a criminal proceeding. -Such, a failure would have been considered a vin dication. The omission to take any action, therefore, did not impair the un favorable and no doubt just -impression that the community had, and when the time for election came, the belief in the necessity for having, a change 'of gov ernment was in no wise modified. My brief experience in the District. Attorney's office has satisfied me that there Is no reason why the people of a municipality cannot best be served by a nonpartisan administration at the hands of a partisan.