THE SUNDAY QKEGCXNLAJN, PORTLAND, MAY 3, 1903.
22
IN THE HE7VRT OF ASSINIBOIA
kEGINA. ABsJnlboIa, Canada, April 25.
In the heart of the great -wheat
belt of Asslnlbola, Regina, the capi
tal of the Northwest Territories, Is ad
mirably situated in a strategic sense, not
only as an assembling place for the
solons of the Territories, but as a com
mercial. Industrial and financial center.
.At present Regina is on the threshold of
a rapid municipal development. Her pos
sibilities hitherto have been little known.
Gradually It has dawned upon the coun
try that the future great center of dis
tribution for Asslnlbola and Saskatche
wantwo vast territories of unmatched
agricultural resources one immense, con
tinuous farm-to-be must be at Regina,
tho capital, on the line of the Canadian
Pacific, distant west of Winnipeg 350
miles, and 500 miles east of Calgary- The
town now possesses a population of about
2500 souls. Is nicely situated on the north
and south sides principally the latter
of the Canadian Pacific Railway, with
streets 65 feet dn -width, and one avenue
running nearly parallel with the railway,
east and west. 100 feet wide. The town
is situated at the junction of the Cana
dian Pacific main line with the branch
lines, north to Prince Albert, 21S miles,
and south to Areola, and to connect with
the Soo line. The roads leading out of
Regina thus in four different directions
traverse some of the finest wheat-producing
territory in all Canada. It is wheat,
wheat, for miles, and away over gently
undulating prairie expanses, the prosperous-looking
landscape dotted with sub
stantial farmhouses here and there, be
tokening the rapid rise of the greatest of
Industries, where but a low years ago
It was the home of the buffalo, Indian and
ubiquitous coyote.
Great IVhcat-SMpplner Point.
Indian Head to be the subject of an
other letter situated but a few miles east
of Regina, on the line of the Canadian
Pacific, possesses the reputation of be
9 ing the largest direct wheatshipplng point
ln the world. This Is In the same agri
cultural district as Regina. Wheat ship
ments from Reglnaare increasing rapidly,
and large grain elevators here send out
enormous tonnage. Heretofore Manitoba,
with its 73,090 square miles of territory,
led in wheat production and shipments,
and will continue In the lead for some
time, because of the fact that the de
velopment of Western Canada has been
for many years confined to that province.
The Canadian Pacific's land department,
under the able direction of Mr. Fred T.
Grlffln, has adopted the policy of doing
one thing at a time, and doing it well.
Therefore effort was concentrated upon
Manitoba, until now the productiveness
of the soil of that province. Its great
level agricultural areas, and the quality
of Its wheat, No. 1 hard, and other cereals
and farm products, have given to It its
present worldwide reputation. Since
Manitoba has won its spurs, the C. P.
has now turned its attention to other
localities In the Northwest Territories
as of great fertility of soli as that of
Manitoba, and everywhere, north, south,
cast and west, evidences are at hand
pointing to a period of unexampled de
velopment In railway construction
throughout Western Canada, and the sub
jugation of Its wild lands by myriads
of thrifty, energetic farmers, from all
over the world, but chiefly from the
"United States. At present the rush Is
northward Into the undeveloped region,
practically, lying between the Prince Al
bert and Edmonton branches. In the "Ver
million and other districts. Hundreds are
continually passing through Regina bound
for the country north, and many for Ed
monton and Its tributary territory
Saskatoon, the present point of embark
tlon for northward-bound parties of land
seekers, is on the Prince Albert branch.
EATING TACTICS FOR THE POOR MAN
UNCLE SAM WILL SOON PUBLISH SUMMARY OF DIETARY STUDIES
f ASHINGTOJC, April 27. (Special
Correspondence.) Eating tactics
for the poor man are shortly tc
be issued by Uncle Sam. This publica
tion will summarize lor the popular mind
the practical results of the several years'
investigation of the food problem made
by the chemists of tho Department 'of
Agriculture.
The Government is spending $20,000 a
year for this Important economic -work,
which began in 1894 with an appropriation
of J10.000.
The American palate Is holding thou
sands of Yankee noses to the grindstone.
Much bright coin could be dropped into
our stockings nightly 11 It were not for
two unfortunate conditions which confront
vs, viz.:
Our palates aro over educated.
Our housekeepers are over ignorant.
Tho eating habits of 200 families white,
black and yellow scattered over the coun
try, some paupers of the slums, others
scions of prosperous families, have been
studied by trained chemists. In Uncle
Sam's food laboratory, directed by Dr. "V.
O. Atwater, men have been locked up for
days at a time In an airtight box, which
analyzes even their breath, and have been
studied under varying conditions of rest
and work. By skillful application of
chemistry it has been determined just
what proportion of each food constituent
the average man, woman and child of his
respective class needs, what proportions
of different foods he digests and which of
two foods of the same price nourishes him
the more.
A gold mine of new and valuable
"don'ts" and "dos." never before brought
to the attention of the eating public, have
thus been deduced and are being embod- I
led in the new publication. Here follows !
the pith of the argument. Mix up a little
flour paste, housewife, and stick this col
umn upon your kitchen wall, for It is
live with the germs of economy.
"What Each. One Requires.
Bear this in mind to begin with:
A man at hard muscular work requires
one-fifth more food than a man at mod
erately active muscular worlt
A man at sedentary occupation, a wom
an ct moderately active work, a boy 13-14,
and a girl 15-16 years old require S-10 the
lood of a man at moderately active mus
cular work.
A woman at light work, a boy 12, and
a girl 1S-14 years old require 7-10 the food
of a man at moderately active muscular
work.
A child under 2 years old requires 3-10
the food of a man at moderately active
muscqlar work.
The next thing which every housekeep
er should have driven into her head sounds
a trifle technical, but Is in fact simple.
It Is this:
The nutrients in food are: (1) Protein,
found almost pure in the white of an
egg. the curd of milk, the gluten of wheat
and the lean of meat; (2) fats, found in
the fat of meat, butter, olive oil. oils of
corn, wheat, etc.; (3) carbohyrateat found
in sugars and -starches; (4) mineral mat
ters, in the iorm of phosphates of lima,
potash, soda, etc
The protein forms tissue, the fats are
stored in the body as fat, the carbohy
drates are transformed into fat, and the
mineral matters share In forming bone,
while they also assist in digestion.
Protein is the most valuable of these
constituents. The value of any .food ma
terial depend chiefly upon the proportion
about 150 miles north of Regina. From
Saskatoon these farmers scatter over and
are swallowed up by the prairie stretches
to the west mainly, in the direction to
be followed by the construction of the
Great Canadian Northern Railway this
Summer. Today a very large Instalment
of these landseekers passed through Re
gina for Saskatoon, and more are ex
pected to arrive tomorrow. Other parties
J are going south, with the intention of
locating somewhere near tne Arcoia
branch of the C. P., not far from Wey
burn. Many land companies formed in
Minnesota and other states, and in Can
ada chiefly .by Americans nave pur
chased large tracts of land, varying from
20,000 to 1,100,000 acres, subdivided, and '
are now colonizing them with good farm- j
ers. These lands wore bought last year 1
for 12 to J3 an acre, and are now selling
for from 55 to 37. The same lands will
sell next year for ?10 to $12, and the fol
lowing year from 315 to 520. Lands pur
chased in this vicinity and In Manitoba,
bought for 55 and $6 three years ago. now
command 520, and as high as 530. In the
cultivation of these wild lands the cost
Is nominal, 55 an aero being about the
maximum cost of subjugating; so that
the increase of value of the lands men
tioned has been due mostly to the de
mand and actual earning power, their
Improvement being a small Item in the
estimate of value.
Raised 25 Bushels Per Acre.
In 1900 the Northwest Territories pro-
duced 4.02S.2D4 bushels of wheat. The yield j over; moro of these districts will bo act
that year was not a large one. but the irely represented. The limit of taxation
following season 12,803.447 bushels were
produced upon an acreage of 604,637 acres. I
or an average of 25.37 bushels per acre. !
(Thcse figures are all obtained by me
from the Minister of Agriculture.) In 1902
the Territories produced 13,936,830 bushels,
upon 625.75S acres, or an average of 22.30
bushels per acre. In oats they produced.
In 1901, 11,113,065 bushels, on 229.439 acres.
or an average of 48.43 bushels; and In
1902. 10.661.295, on 310.367 acres, or 34.35 !
bushels per acre. In localities general j over dj ice cit at me time me new j were glad to have at their command, how
averages have gone as high lh 1902 as 130 i water system Is Installed. er should prevail to any extent, never-
bushels of oats and 31 bushels of wheat.
Forty-five and fifty bushels of wheat
per acre have been produced, but such
enormous yields were confined to small
areas where moisture and unusual fer
tility conduced to extraordinary growth.
In barley the territories yielded In 1901
rrora an average of Z4,oz acres, TSa.luo , entries; iwh, im entries; .March, isaz, lei : early pioneer days of the West. The rail,
bushel's, an average of 32.1S, and In 1902, . entries; 1903, 453 entries; April. 1902; 2SS ways are .now taxed to their utmost,
from 36,445 acres, 870,417 bushels, or 23.88 j entries, to date, 1903, over 500 or that 4 therefore tho trip by rail is not one Con
ner acre. ' number, for the first 15 days of April. j tinuous Summer picnic under blue sklen
The flax yield for 1902 from 17.067 acre ' Rainfall In this country as well as snow- and the soft touch of sweet south winds,
was 15S.9S3 bushels, or 9.26 bushels per fall Is light. The total precipitation for ' besides reckoning the cost and the dls
acre. ' 1901 for Regina was 22.12 inches and for j tance being within three figures general-
Reglna and Moosejaw districts gave an j 1902 slightly less. Tho averago annual J ly, the hardships and deprivations of a
average yield of wheat In 1901 of 28.72 j rainfall at Regina for ten years from ; long, weary ride continent-wise Is not to
bushels, and In 1902 25.20 bushels. In oats 1891 to 1901 was 9.77 Inches. The highest bo dreaded.
1901 yielded 51.95 bushels; In 1902, 30.18. temperature recorded at Regina for five These pioneers, in a great measure, will
Barley, 1901, 41.25 bushels and 1902, 32.56. : years was 102 degrees, and yet that degree reach the country tributary to Regina for
This serves to Indicate the superiority of of heat is not nearly so oppresslvo as 85 tho reason that it is nearer to the great
productivity of these lands over those of j is at Portland. The lowest barometer for , body of farmers coming from the States
other districts and will explain in a meas- ' the came period was 46.5. Regina has four and easier of access. Moreover, because
ure the rapid acceptation of lands trlb- j weekly newspapers and several chartered Regina Is the starting point for the north
utary to Regina and the tide of prosperity ' banks. The Leader Is the principal paper. ' em part of Asslnlbola and all of Saskat
now setting so strongly .towards this par- : presided over by W. F. Kerr, formerly ; chewan, and being the pivotal or strategic
ticular part of the Canadian West. I city editor of the Winnipeg Free Pres.?. j center, will draw a great part of the vast
Tho c.itf of Rrin The Leader Is a clean, breezy paper with i army of invasion to her tributary terrl-
P.ezlna. besides belnir the canital of the '
-tie-in a, oesiaes Demg ine-capiiai or tne
Northwest Territories, Is tho headquar- I among- Its members the leading repre
ters of the Canadian Northwest Mounted ' sentatlve men of the city, among whom
Police, the territorial penitentiary, and f I have met Mr. George T. Marsh, the
has Just been made divisional headquar- i urbane agent of the Canadian Pacific
ters for the Canadian . Pacific Company, ' Land Department, and Mr. William Trant,
with yards, terminals and shops here. An j secretary of the Board of Trade, than
Agricultural College and Experiment Sta- I whom none Is more -widely and favorably
tlon will be established here for the ter- 1 known as a courteous and public-spirited
rltorles and other educational Institutions i gentleman. I am indebted to these gen
are strongly talked of. Reglna's educa- tlemen and to Dr. Elliott, minister of
tlonal facilities are good so far as an ! agriculture, for valuable Information and
elementary education is concerned, there ! suggestions; also to Mr. Kerr of the
being two public schools, high and com- Leader. The Legislative Assembly of the
mon a normal school and Roman Cath- ! Northwest Territory convened today and
ollc, with a total scholastic enrollment of j was attended by a fine representative
about 500. Reglna's position as a center : bolly of men.
of distribution and strategic Importance ' In Asslnlbola and Alberta the average
will bring to It many of the largest educa- compound productive elements of the soil
of protein which It will furnish for build
in' and repairing the body. It is this con
stituent which "holds the body and soul
together."
Don't Feed Too Much Protein.
Don't feed your family an excess of
protein, however, as It Is by far the most
expensive of the four constituents of food.
Besides being a costly waste, an over
supply of this will result in derangement
of health. Tho amounts of fats and car
bohydrates In the food may vary more or
less with taste, although sometimes an
over-indulgence in these may derange the
system. A man at hard muscular work
needs to eat 150 grams or a little over five
ounces of protein in his food per day.
Added to this he must consume enough
fats and carbohydrates to bring the total
"enerirv" of his diet up to a standard
which our Government dietarians fail to
express in popular terms, but which the
European standard tables place at 100
grams, or abou 3H ounces of fat, and 450
grams, or nearly a pound, of carbohy
drates, dally. Summing up, a hard-working
man need3 per day over five ounces
of lean of meat, white of egg, curd of
milk, etc; about 2 ounces of meat fat.
butter, oil. etc.; and about a pound of
sugars, starcnes, etc. A man at light
muFcular work needs one-fifth less and
a woman doing light work demands 7-10
the food of the man doing light work.
But all of this protein and fat and carno
hydrates are mixed up in our food, and
only a chemist can determine the propor
tion of 'those constituents which a given
piece of meat or vegetable contains. The ,
Government chemists have now aeterm
inod that to a nicety and the rules given
in the new eating tactics of the poor man
hinge upon their figures.
Knerary of Various Foods.
A table in this publication will show
how much protein and energy 10 cents will
buy If invested in any of the well-known
foods. Thus a dime's worth of flank of
the same Investment In tenderloin steaK
will buy .054 pounds of protein.
Don't consider the price pr pound of
food articles when endeavoring to market
for economy. Figure on the article's cost
in proportion to the nutritive material
furnished. This is the strongest point
mado in the little book. When the market
er larns to apply it. the secret of econo
my ts mastered. For .examplo:
There Is as much total nutriment in a
pound of wheat flour costing 3 cents as in
SV4 quarts or about seven pounds of
oysters, costing J1.26. Thus a food which
contains a little protein or energy and Is
high in price is an extravagant purchase
for the poor man. On the other hand an
other article may be high in price and yet
actually cheap, because furnishing large
amounts of protein or energy.
Cabbage at 24 cents per pound is low
In price when Judged by its bulk. But It Is
really expensive in comparison with wheat
bread. Ten cents' worth of wheat flour
contains almost seven times as much
protein and over ten times as much en
ergy as 10 cents' worth of cabbage. Thus
a low-priced article is not necessarily a
cheap source of nutrient
Ten cents' worth of salt mackerel, beans
or flour will furnish more material for
building up the body and giving It" energy
for work than will 50 cents to $1 invested
in tenderloin steak, lobster or fresh
salmon.
To determine whether she is economical,
oxtravagant or very extravagant, the poor
housewife need simply look at a table
which subdivides protein-giving and energy-giving
foods into three classes,
"cheap," "medium" and "expensive."
Feeds GreHped According; te VelHe.
Here are foods grouped according to
their value as sources -of protein:
CHXAP Furnlshlnc -non than. 6VJUE
tlonal Institutions of Canada in the near
future. There are many reasons why
Regina will be one of the great cities of
Wee tem Canada. There is none why she
will not be.
Not a house can be had to rent in all
Regina and a fine opportunity exists for
the construction of a number of small
cottages to rent and a lodging-house for
transient roomers. A great number of
fine
buildings are planned for the resl- ! secure abundant water supplies in West
al district of stone, brick and wood, j era Canada is not a difficult one, In view
dentlal
Excavations for foundations are much In
evidence and Immense quantities of stone
are plied up In every direction. This stone
is granite in formation and seems to be
of the boulder type entirely. The stone Is
varicolored and presents a beautiful effect
in the building. So many colors and
shades of this stone are to be seen as to
give the impression that It was selected
especially for the purpose of a-arylng the
effect and architectural beauty of the
building. The stone Is laid In cement, be
ing first dressed to flat surface.
The maximum value of business lots
here Is 51 00 and minimum 5500. For resi
dence property the maximum Is 5250 and
minimum Is 530 per lot. The tax rate is
22 mills. There are five churches: Meth
odist, Baptist, Presbyterian, Anglican and
Roman Catholic The department of edu
cation Is here, which has charge of the
different school districts throughout the
territories 870 In number with 784 depart
ments. Many of the school districts men
tioned are inactive and at present lnop-
urntlvp. An thp cnuntrv settles un hnw-
for school purposes by districts Is 10 cents
per acre or 516 dollars per quarter sec- j
"n. nowever we rate is usual aoout i
w xo h per quarter, unen are rour gooa . pjro takes Its way." And "Westward
hotels here, all conducted on the Ameri- ho" will be the Argonaut's watchword
can plan, the Windsor being the largest, j urti Dew fields of endeavor spread no
a fine large brick structure. J fupther upon tho maps of the earth.
The town at present Is well sewered, but it'- seems well-nigh Incredible In these
Inadequately watered. j daya Gf the Iron horse and ocean grey-
Lighting is done by an electric light ! hound that antinuaterl methods of trans-
company, the plant of which will be taken
Climate and Soil.
Homestead entries, like straws, show I
whlch way the wind Is blowing here, met- 1 ,t,, . , v.-
' . . 1 west this year In wagons drawn, to do
aphorically speaking. In January of this sure by hor2cs. but not far removed In
year 235 entries were made against 121 methods of rapid transit from the tradl
for the previous -ear. February. 1902. 115 tlonal imlrl( srhonner n. It was In thr
? good growing circulation and a good
,., T?rfnn ntinnnrta n nlirh nnmiwHnT
pound of protein for 10 cents at ordinary
prices: Dried beans and peas, cereal
products, such as wheat flours, wheat
breakfast foods, oatmeal, cornmeal, horn-,
Ing, rye flour, and bread; cheaper cuts of
meats, not xce.eding 10 or 12 cents a
pound; cheese, salt mackerel, skimmed
milk.
MEDIUM Furnishing 0.075 to 0.150 pound
protein for 10 cents at ordinary prices:
Preserved fish, such as salmon, cod and
halibut; green beans and peas, cuts of
leaner meat not exceeding 20 cents a
pound; fresh fish, eggs (not exceeding 24
cents a dozen), chicken and turkey, wholo
milk, rice.
EXPENSIVE Furnishing leas than 0.075
pound protein for 10 cents at ordinary
prices: Condensed milk, meats at more
than 20 cents a pound, fat meats, such as
bacon and salt pork,, shellfish, as clams,
oysters and lobsters; cream, fresh and
dried vegetables and dried fruits, fats, as
butter and lard; starches, as tapioca, sago
and cornstarch; sugars, canned vegetables
and fruits.
Vegetable Foods Xot Economical.
Animal foods. Judged by bulk and
weight, are more expensive, pound for
pound, than vegetable foods; but as a
whole vegetable foods are not more eco
nomical. Animal foods furnish more than
6-10 of the protein and 9-10 of the fat of
: the total food consumed. An ounce of
protein or fat from the tenderloin of beef
has no more value to the body than the
same quantity of either ingredient from
the shoulder or round. The chief supe
riority of the expensive cuts of meat is
tenderness, but with careful cooking the
cheaper cuts can be made very tender.
palatable and appetizing, the poor man's
eating tactics will say.
Preserved fish are generally more eco
nomical than fresh fish. Thu3 salt cod
furnishes 50 per cent more nourishment
than does fresh cod, and salt mackerel
more than twice as much as fresh mack-
eral. Salt mackerel is about twice as
economical as canned salmon.
A quart of oysters contains about the
,T , C, " " , " " , .
milk, three-quarters of a pound of lean
beef, two pounds of fresh cod or a pound
of bread.
Skimmed 31111c Commended.
Skimmed milk Is one of the most eco
nomical of foods. It contains practically
the same amount of protein as whole milk
and costs half as much. Cheese at 1C cents
a pound Is more economical than any kind
of meat at the same price. Refrigerator
eggs are as wholesome as fresh eggs for
cooking purposes. Lard Is the most eco
nomical animal fat.
The most and the least economical of
food belong to the vegetable kingdom
The nutritive value of "breakfast foods"
Is no greater than that of flour or meal.
and the little book will brand the claims
of some of them as "preposterous." It
will recommend white flour as more eco
nomical than graham or whole wheat
flours. There Is more protein In the bran
and germ of wheat than In the remainder
of the kernel, it is pointed out. But flour
containing the bran, while having some
what more protein, is of less advantage to
the body. The protein is bound up In ma
terial so tough that it is not readily acted
upon by the digestive Juices. Careful ex
pcrimenta made by the Government chem
ists have proven that the finer flours are
more digestible than the graham or whole
wheat flours.
Bread can be made at home about halt
as cheap as it can bo bought, if the bak
ing is done with the same fire needed for
other purposes. Oatmeal and rolled oats
furnish more than twice as much protein
and energy as the same investment in a
cheap cut of beef, such as brisket, worth
6 cents a pound. White cornmeal Is as
nutritious as yellow cornmeal. Rice is
one of the raot expensive of the cereals.
It is deficient In protein.
Pure o-Uve oil is n mor nutrition than
EUGENE D. "WHITE "WRITES
FROM REGINA OF THE GREAT
WHEAT BELT
are as follows: Potash, .345; phosphoric
acid, .175; nitrogen, .45S; lime, .786.
In Minnesota for example the maximum
proportion of nitrogen in the Bolls of the
various counties Is .41- It is not gener?
ally known that com la grown In Western
Canada, but It is in considerable quanti
ties, although not a corn country. Many
different varieties are produced and of fine
size and quality. The problem of how to
of the fact that rivers, laKes ana creeKs
abound In many parts of the country, and
that water can be found almost anywhere
at a reasonable depth. In Regina water
can be obtained in moderate quantities at
60 feet, but at 90 feet an unlimited supply
may be had.
As a. Stock Conntrr.
Too much cannot be said of Western
Canada as a stock country, not only for
cattle and horses, but for sheep and swine.
Inasmuch as the soil is so prolific In
grasses, hay can always be cut in season
sufficient to provide against the snows
and low temperature for any number of
head of stock.
I should have referred to the Increase In
values of city property here during the
past Zi months as an Indication of the
city's rapid development On January 1 of
this year residence lots sold at 530 each
that subsequently rose to 550 each 30 days
ago. Now they are selling at 5100 each.
Lots relatively situated to the business
center of Winnipeg sell at 5100 a front
foot.
More than ever, It one is drifting along
with or cuts athwart the tide of immtgra
tlon In this new land of bucolic conquest
is ono impressed with and convinced of
the fact that "Westward the star of em-
portatlon methods which our forefathers
thelcss, it remains
fact that many
1&nd1 nIla homeseekero are coming over
tory. Several large mercantile firms from
ciot ,i frnn n.tm r-annAa nm
the States and from Eastern Canada are
now making preparations to build here
and bring In large stocks of goods for
the rapidly expanding trade. Agricultural
and farm Implements houses, hardware,
grocery, dry goods, clothing, etc., will
bo. In evidence on a large scale. Another
reason why It Is obvious that Regina will
be one of the great cities of Western
Canada Is that while the Soo line, one
of tho great arteries through which Is
now flowing Canada's new blood from
the States, terminates at Moose Jam, It
practically means Regina because the re
sistless tide of Immigration flows through
Moose Jam and on to Regina to be distrib
uted at various points In her tributary
country. It will be obvious, therefore, why
the Canadian Pacific removed its divisional
a wholesome vegetable oil of inferior fla
vor. Cucumbers are no more valuable to
the body In February than in July, al
though the nrlce is many times as great
in the former month. The same is said of
all foods out of season.
Dried Beans and Pens.
Superior to any other vegetable food-
even the cereals as sources of protein, are
dried beans and peas. They rank among
the most economical of all foods and com
pare favorably with most meats In point
of nutrition.
Tea and coffee are classed as luxuries.
and the coffee substitutes made from
roasted cereals are discovered not to have
the nutritive value commonly claimed for
them.
How much a day need a man's food
cost? The Government dietary experts
figures are already being put to practical
test. The Baltimore Association for the
Improvement of the Condition of the Poor
has used the official data as the basis for
a series of ration tables.
Less than 14 1-3 cents a day will feed one
man, if ideal ecomony be applied. In
other words, he can purchase for ?X
enough provisions to last him a week.
This poor man's ration affords him each
day Just what he needs no more, no less.
Here Is a sample poor man's ration for
one day: Breakfast Cornbread, syrup,
coffee. Dinner bread, pork, pea soup.
Supper Bread, hominy, tea. There Is also
computed a ration which will keep two
people well nourished at the rate of 5L50
a week, or les3 than 10& cents per day
each. Another provides for a family of
three at the rate of 51.00 a week, and still
another for a family of four at $2.25 a
week.
Rations for Soldier and Sailor.
The new Navy ration was based upon
modern.dietary studies. It represents what
is even more than sufficient for man at hard
work. Here is the basic day's ratlon.which
may be varied with equivalents; Fresh
meat, 1 pounds; dried fruit, 3 ounces
beans. 3 gills; soft bread, l$i pounds; but
ter. 2 ounces: sugar, 4 ounces; coffee, 2
ounces; evaporated cream, 1 ounce. In ad
dition, the sailor now gets a weekly allow
ance of macaroni. pound; cheese.
ounces; tomatoes, 4 ounces; vlnegar, pint;
pickles, Vi pint; molasses, pint; salt, 4
ounces; pepper, H ounce; . mustara, s
ounce
That is what Uncle Sam considers to
represent three good, square meals for a
working man. Here is what he gives a
soldier in barracks and taking moderate
exercise:
For one day Fresh, beef, Hi pounds:
soft bread, 14 pounds; beans, 2 2-o ounces
potatoes, 1 pound; prunes, 13-5 ounces;
ground coffee, 17-25 ounces; sugar, 31-5
ounces; vinegar. S-2d gill; salt, 8-13 ounce;
black pepper, 1-25 ounce.
Either of the latter two is more gener
ous than tho "poor man's ration." The
three are excellent bases for experiments
In domestic economy, to be made in the
household of the poor.
JOHN ELFRETH WATKINS. JR.
. (Copyright. 1903.)
Two Cows Saved a Girl's Life.
Ohio State Journal.
Miss Ice. of Thornville. daughter of
John Ice. of Newark, O., owes her life to
two cows. Miss Ice was milking the
cows In the basement of a barn, when a
heavy wind wrecked the building.
A falling beam struck .the two cows.
between which she happened to be,
crushing them to the earth. The cows
were instantly killed, but their bodies
kept the beam from pressing too hard
on Miss Ice, although one end of it
struck her leg, breaking the bone. She
was so tightly hemmed In that she could
use her arms from her elbows only. but
this slight liberty proved her salvation.
In the barn above where she had been
milking was stored 200 bushels of wheat
in the bulk, and when the barn collapsed
the grain poured down on her In a slow
but steady stream, which would have cov
ered her face had she not been able to
push. It away.
For twp hours she was kept la that po
sition, and wbea relaaaod was almost ex
I hatMteh. It bMved site will' recover.
headquarters from Moose Jam to Reglsa.
Generally speaking the land here Is a
black clay loam, two to three feet deep,
with a subsoil of clay. It produces the
finest wheat, and for vegetables and "gar
den produce tha district cannot be sur
passed anywhera in the world, market
gardeners retailing their produce to places
40 miles away. Wheat grown In the dis
trict has been selected by the United
States authorities for seed grain and
many parts of the Dominion seed to this
district for seed In order to Improve the
wheat they grow.
There are a land titles office, a dis
trict land office and an Immigration build
ing here, besides Canadian Pacific land
office, as previously mentioned. The great
whe'at blockade of Western Canada, be
ginning with the enormous crop yield of
1902, is still being gradually worked out
by the Canadian Pacific. It is extremely
doubtful, however, jf the entire crop of
1S02 will have been entirely moved before
the 1903 crop begins to accumulate. Al
though elevators aro springing up In all
parts of the country, the storage facili
ties aro barely sufficient to handle the
crops.
Improvement of Stock.
There Is a noticeable tendency through
out the Canadian Northwest towards the
improvement of stock, cattle, horses,
sheep and awlne, and the importation
of thoroughbreds this year for the'purpose
will he quite large. Among the best breeds
of cattle Introduced so far, the shorthorns
and Herefords seem to predominate, al
though some fine imported stock of the
Ayrshire and polled Angus breeds Is owned
in the West, also Galloways. The country
is admirably adapted to stockbrecdlng.
In sheep the preference seems to have
been given to Shropshlres and Lelcesters
in Eastern Asslnlbola, while In the west
era part and in Northern and Southern
Alberta and Saskatchewan, Shropshlres
and Oxford Downs seem to prevail. In
swine, whilo the Chester white, Poland
China and Duroc Jersey breeds are af
fected, the Berkshire and Yorkshire varie
ties are preferred.
In horse3 the most numerous breeds are
the Clyde, thoroughbred and standardbred.
Thoroughbred sires from Great Britain
and Kentucky, Clydesdales from Scotland,
Percherons from France and trotting stock
from the United States have been Import
ed regardless of expense, and Inasmuch
as Western Canada Is one vast level plain
susceptible to fine roadbulldlng and sub
ject to slight rainfall, no doubt need bo
entertained of the attainment of the high
est degree of success In the breeding pro
duction of fine stock. Men are making
fortunes In this country', and the matter of
cost of the horse will be sacrificed to
quality ever. What was once the home
of the wild horse Is now giving way to
the encroachments of civilization and the
wild horse Is known no more on these
beautiful prairies, except In the body of
his degenerated descendant, the cayuse.
In his stead, appears tho domesticated
equine in the highest and roost marvel
ous degree of his perfection In breeding
a splendid and perfect type.
As I ride by rail between farms, whose
broad and fertile acres stretch away as
far as and Infinitely farther than the
eye can reach, and for hundreds of miles
ahead and along the track In one continu
ous unbroken expanse, I cannot wonder
at Great Britain's opportunity as she now
views it, and the great activity she Is
now displaying In sending her sons of the
plow and untold millions of gold to devel
op her great commonwealth on this side
of the Atlantic, Canada, Britain's .granary.
Yet there's room for toiling and prosper
ing millions of men here, and while hun
dreds sail from Britain's shores thousands
of Americans hurry over the border line
and scurry to position in these grain belts
of the West, and all Canada reaches out
their hands for these men across Jhe way,
these conservators of their mother tongue
to step over and aid them In subduing
j tne soli
Why? Because the American
brings to supplement his capital, experi
ence, energy, thrift, intelligence, peace
and thorough knowledge of existing con
ditions. Because he waits not to be ad-
vlsad, assisted and led around to be shown
when, where and how to select his farm.
He simply selects It and goes to work
Intelligently and" with a will, and the re
sult is cucc&as. EUGENE D. WHITE
LOOD POISON
A SPECIALTY
profession. Permanent cures in U to M
in. Ta refnnd moner If wa do not curs.
Yon can be. treated at noma for tha umi
rice and the same guarantee: trith those irho Dre
ar to come here ire lrlll eontraet'to enra them or
par expense of eocilnc, rallroal ana notel bills, and
make no charge, if ire fall to cere. If yon haTe
taken mercury. Iodide potash and still ha-ro aches
ana pains, mucous patencs in montn, sore tcroat.
pimples, copper-colored spots.nleers on any part of
tne body, hair or eyebrows falllnr out: it Is this
Secondary Blood Poison that ire ccarantee to cure.
this
We solicit tho most obstinate cases and challenge
the world for a case we cannot curs. This disease
has always baded tho skill of the most eminent
Dhrslelans. For manv rears we hare made a erjeei.
alty of treating this disease with our macic remedy
and wo har JSOO.000 behind our'uncondltionat guar
antee. Write n for IW-pace book and abtolnte
proofs. Address COOK REMEDY COMPANY
lastt jaaaonic xcmpic, xucago, uunou.
Is Interested and should know
uwat iuo wooaenui
MARVEL Whirling Spray
The New Ladies Syringe
liesr, auieai.. mdci
Convenient.
jnr rvxxi tar V . tMt
if he cannot sappiy wo Xo9 1V7 -f
WAKVSLt accepmo
other, but tend stnmn for 11
IcitratAd hook al4.1t etTel
foil paruralars ana nirenions in
ralnable to ladlr- M'nVELCO..
Hoom 290 Time Bdr.. New fork.
For ale by Woodard. ClarUe & Co.
TRAVELERS GUIDE.
IsMjReat Northern
Ticket Office 122 Third St Phone 6S3
TRAINS DAILY &
Direct connection via Seattle or
Srjokane. For tickets, rates and
full information call on or address
H. Dickson, C. T. A., Portland, Or.
JAPAN - AMERICAN LINE
TOSA MARU
For Japan, China and all Asiatic points, will
leave Seattle.
About May 16th
Nome, Tanana
FROM SEATTLE.
S, S. Conemaugh
Sails June 6, 2 P. JV1.
FOR RATES, ETC, APPLT TO
EMPIRE TRANSPORTATION
COMPANY,
60T FIRST AVEXTJE, SEATTLE.
WILLAMETTE RIVER ROUTE
CREGQK CITT TSASSP8STATIWI C8.
Sleajner POMONA, for Salem. Independence
Albany and Corvallls. leaves d;4S A. AC Tues
day. Thursday. Saturday.
Steamer ALTON" A. for Butteville. ' WlLees
ville, Champoe. JJewbers and Daytos, leaves
7 A. M. Monday. Wednesday, Friday.
Steamer LEON A. for Oregon City, lesve
daily S:30. 11:30 A. Z asd S:15 P. X.
leaves Oretrcn City. 7, 19 A. M., 1:39.
P. X. Jtouna- inn we.
DOCK FOOT OF TATLOR STXXTKT.
Ofecoe phone Maia 9,
TXAVELKltS' GUIDE.
0RN
OREGON
Short Line
an Union Pacific
3 TRAINS to the East DAILY
Thrsuch IhillQAB standard and TotirUt itep-
ire-cara dally to Omaha. Cblcaro. Spofcant:
tourtit letptns-car dally to Kansai Cltr;
Uirauxb Pullman tourist sleeping-cars (persoa-
allr conducted) treeklr to Chicago, Kansas
City. St. Louts and Memphis: reclining chair-
car (feats fro) to the East daily.
UKION VHeOT. f-w. Arrive.
CHICAGO-PORTLAND 3:20 A. M. 430 P. It.
SPECIAL. Dally. Daily.
For to. at via Htm:-
Iris; too.
SPOKANE FLYER. 0:00 P. il 7:33 A. M.
For Eaatern Washing- Dally. Dally,
ton. Walla Walla. Lew
iston. Coeur dAlene
and Gt. Northern points
ATLANTIC EXPRESS S:13 P. M. 10:30 A. U
For tha East vU Hunt- Dally. Dally.
I net on.
OCBA. AXD RIVElt SCHEDULE.
Bteamer Geo. -v. Elder.
May 2. 12, 22. Steam
er Columbia, April 27:
My 7. 17, 27; Alna
worth Dock.
For ASTORIA and wayTo:oo P. IL 5:00 P. M.
points, connecting with Dally es. Dally
steamer for Ilwaco and Sunday. except
North Beach, steamer Saturday, Sunday.
Hassalo, Ash-rt. dock. 10 P. M.
6:45 A. M. About
For SALEM. Corratlls Mondays. 8:00 P. M.
and iray points, steam- Wednesday Tuesdays,
er Ruth. Ash - street Fridays. Thursdays.
TinoV fwatr permitting) Saturday
For DATTOX. Oreson7:0O A. M. 3:00 P. 3X.
City and Yamhill River Tuesdays. Mondayij.
points, steamer Elmore, Thursdays, Wednesday
Ash-street Dock. (Saturdays. Fridays.
(water permitting), i
For LEWISTON. Ida-U:05 A. M. About
ho, and way points. Dally 5:00 P. M.
from Rlpaxla, Wash., except Dally ex.
steamers 8pokan or Saturday. Friday.
Lewlston.
TICKET OFFICE. Third and Washington.
Telephone Main 712.
portland & asiatic
Steamship co.
For Tokohama and Honr Kontr. calllnr at
Kobe, Nagasaki and Shanghai, taking trelght
via connecting steamers lor Manila. Port at-
tnur and Vladivostok;
INDRASAMHA SAILS ABOUT MAT 2.
For rates and full Information call on or ad
dress officials or agents of O. R. Si N. Co.
;AST m
SOUTH
Arrive
OVKHLANU EX-
fKEbS TKALNfe.
tor balem. I'.oao
burc. Asnlnd, s:
raiuenio, vsden.
can Jtk&cIsco, Alo
jave, Lot Ajigcio.
ci a-o, 2ew ur
.ana ami tne Eac
loralna train con
nect at Woodbura
aaily except tiua
8:50 P. 5L
7:43 A. JL
8:30 A. M.
7:00 P. M.
. itiui train iv
Mitunt Amjel, a.l-
tcrton. aro-
till, bvrinitteio.
naltas ana Na
tron.
Albany passenger .
Connect at Wood'
ourn with ML An
:O0 P. M.
10:10 A. U.
(el and Sllrerton
ocaL'
Vorvallla passenger.
7:30 A. U.
3:00 P. M.
114:60 P. if.
Sheridan passenger.
118:35 A- M.
Dally. IIDaJly except Sunday.
POr.TLAND-OSWEGO SUBURBAN SERVICE
AND
YAMHILL DIVISION.
Trvm Portland dally for usweico at 7:30 A.
V ii-EO. 2:05. S:3S. 8:20. 6:25. 8:30. 10:10
f v riailv extent Sunday. 6:30. 0:30. 8:33.
10:25 a. M.. 4:00. 11:30 P. If. Sunday e&ly.
S.-00 A. 2.
Returning rrom oswego. arnre foruana oaux
8:30 A. M.. 1:53. 8:06. 4:35. 6:10. 7:, :.
ii-iil T M Dally excent Sunday. 6:23. TM.
0:30. 10:20. 11:45 A M- Except Monday. 12:23
. il. Bunaay oniy, iu:w a. u
r.m fmm auma drot for Dalles and Utar-
mediate, noints oauy except nuouar ;w jr. jo.
trrn Portland 10:20 A. il.
xtes dally to Monmouth and Alrlle. connecting
with B. 1. a imos at vuiu uu uuw-
i? rj- hrth 5. Kcand-claas fare. SIS.
Tickets to .JsasieTn poiuu nuu auiuv
T.n.n rhin. Wnnnlulti and Australia.
Also
CITY TICKET OFFICE, corner Third axl
Washington streets, rnone uun nx.
TIME CARD
OF TRAINS
PORTLAND
Dvuart. Arrira.
Paget Sound Molted tor Ta-
"aJ tort
?,u.Jr T7, 8:S0 am 3:30 vm
North Coast Limited tor ra-
coma. aeaiiie. ou..
Butte. St. Paul. New York.
ufii und all noints East
KMithn&st 2:00 am 7:60 asa
Twin City Express lor .la-
coma, freaiue. H1C;.
Helena. St. PauL Mlpne
aiwlls. Chicago, New
York, Boston and all points
East and Southeast... ...... lla pea 70 pm
North coasi-ii.a3ao
St. Louis Bpecuu.
Joma. Seattle. Spokane.
Butti. Billings. Pver.
Omaha. Kansas City SL
t i...i7 .nrf ail aolnU East
and Southeast - 2:00 pra 7:09 acs
All trains daily except on South Bend branch.
a r CHARLTON. Assistant General Ti.
aenger Agent, 255 Morrlaoa St., corner Third.
Portland, ur.
For South -Easte&n Alaska
LEAVE SEATTLE, 9 P.
Steamships City of Seattle,
8D0kane or City of Topeka.
May 3. 9, 15, 19. 23. 2f, 31.
June 4.
Steamers connect at San
Francisco with company's
steamers for ports In Cali
fornia, Mexico and Humboldt
tv Vnr further Information
obtatofoWcr. Rltht Is reserved to change
Err "lll.nJriaiew OT.EIM. 240 Wosh-
VnliiiT F. W. CARLETON. 907
Pacific ave.. Tacoma: Ticker. j ii tSZ9
St.. Seattle. GEORGE W. aa
western Passenger Ap-.fr,'""
tlckt office. 4 New Montgomery at. c. . D.
DUNANN. Gen. Pass. Agent. San Francisco.
Astoria & Columbia
' River Railroad Co.
Q 0OEH4SHASTSJ
yfi fl JO)
LEAVER Dcjmt Klfth asrt ARRIVES
j I Streets.
' For Miygers. Ralnlr.
Clatskaaie. Westport.
CMttes. Astoria. War
rcntoa. Flavel. Hasa
ge a. M. aosd. Fort Steves. 11:19 A. M
Gear hart Pk., Seasite,
Aaterla. osd Seashore...
Epraa Dally. .
T; AS P. M.' Ax tor U Expresa, t:M P. M
DaUy.
TMmC aAee, 2M Merrisoei . a4 Uales Dt
i. C UATO. 8. Pom, Agt.. AMr4a, Or.
THE PALATIAL
0H1 BUI
IFet & dark oJBre In the nulldlas
absolutely fireproof electrto ligata
and artesian -water; perfect aanlta-
tloa and thoromgk veBtilstioaj ele
vators rsa day aad algki.
Rooms.
ANDERSON. aUSTAV, Attorney-ftt-Law..CU
ASSOCIATED PRESS; EL. Powell. Mgr..3Wl
AUSTEN, F. C, Manage; lor Oregon and
Washington Bankers' Lite Association or.
Dea Moines. la 502-503
BAAR. DR. GUSTAV. Phys. and Surg..b0-&W
BANKERS- LIFE ASSOCIATION OF DES
MOINES. IA.: V. C. Austen. Mgr....5U2-501
BE.VJAM1N. R. "VV., Uentlst 31
BERNARD, O.. Cubier Co-Operative Mer
cantile Co 2I2-.A3
BINSttANUER, OTTO S., FhyalelAn and
Buiseon .401-408
BuOCK, WILBUR t. Circulator Orego-
nlajt -501
BriOVVN, MYKA. M. D , 31J-JU
BRUERE. DR. U. E.. Pbya 411-412-41-4
CAMPBELL. WM. ii.. Medical Helereo
Equitable Life .0u
CAuNT.U. M. J..... .tWZ-eui
CARDvVELL. DR. J. R., Dentist
CAUKIN, Q. X,, District Agent Travelers
Insurance Company ..... 'IS
CtilCAUU ARTIFICIAL L1M CO.; W. T.
Dickson, Manager ..601
CULRUtllLL. iRS. E. J 716-1 1.
COi'FEV. DR. 1U C, Sure eon. . . . . .40u-uO
uOuoUK, DR. J. N 713-i
IOLUMBIA TELEPHONE CO 615-Mtt
CON NELL, DR. E. De WITT. Eye, Ear.
rose and xnroat... oi-oi
Co-Ort-tvATiVE MKliOANTlLE CO.; J. JS".
Olsen, Gen. Mgr.; O. Bernard. Cashier..L2-U
CORNELIUS. C W., Pnys. and Surgeon... -"Vu
COLLIER, P. 1, Publisher; . -P. McUuire,
Manager 4
CREAGH. JOHN 03
crtun, C Timser and Mines. ......... .ii
DAY, J. O. 4 L N iio
DICaON, DR. J. i. Pnysictaa 713-U
EDITORIAL ROOMS ..... ....Eighth Floor
EVENING TELEGRAM 325 Aider XX
EQUITABLE LIFE ASSUR-ANCi;. .tiji
CIETT; L. Smuil, Mjcr.; U. t. SmXCfe
Cashier
FEN TON, J. D., Pnyslclaa and aurg-.-fiu-J-ola
KENTON, DR. HICKS C, Ey and Ear.. ..611
FENTON. MATTHEW F.. Dentist W
UAX.VAiti, vv. sx., ,cginer ana unuau-
man W
GEARY, DR. E- P., Fhya. and Surgeon... .W
U1ESY. A. J.. Physician and Surgeon. ...tw-iiO
GILBERT, DR. J. ALLEN. Physician... 40 W
GOLDMAN. WILLIAM. Manager Manhat
tan Life Ina. Co. or New York Uutf-210
GRANT, FRANK. S.. Attoraey-at-Lair tU7
GR13W0LD it PHEGLEY, Tailors
lai Sixth Street
HAM MAM BATHS. Turkish and Russian..
300-2U1-302
HAMMOND, A. B. 31o
HOLLISTER, DR. O. C Physician and
Surgeon 504-505
HJLEMAN. C M., Attorney-at-Law..418-17-la
JEFFREYS. S. T Attorney-at-Lair 514
JEFFREYS. DR. AN NICK F,. Phys. and
Surgeon, Women and Children only 400
JOHNSON. W. C , 315-31B-3H
KADI', MARK T.. Supervisor ct Agents.
Mutual Reserve Life Ins. Co...........i..Q05
LANE, E. L-. Dentlat 51MU
LAYVBAUGH, DR. E. A. 804-805
UTTLEF1ELD. H. R-. Phys. and Surgeon. .o
MACKAY, DR. A. E.. Phys. and Surs..TU713
MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. OF
NEW YORK; W. Goldman. Mgr.... 209-210
MARSH. DR. R. J.. Phya. and Surg....4V4-4ud
I ...... nr t s. b a .. -,.. -.
McFADEN, MISS IPA E-. Stenographer. ..2tll
McGINN. HENRY E.. Attoraey-ai-LaW.311-Ll
McGUIKE. S. P.. Manaxer P. F. Collier.
Publisher 415
McKENZXS DR. P. Phys. and 8urg.512-13
METT, HENRX 21S
MILLER. DR. HERBERT C. Dentist and
Oral Surgeon. WO-Wl
MOSSMAN. DR. E P.. Dentist 513-41.
MUTUAL RESERVE LIFE INS, CO.;
Matk T. Kody, Supervisor of Agnt. 004-604
NICHOLAS. HORACE B.. Attomey-at-Law,ritJ
NICHOLS. THE DBS., Phya. & Surgns.606-60T
NILES, M. M.. Cashier Manhattan Hie
Insurance Company of New York.. ....203
NoTTAQE. PR. G. H.. Dentist iM
OLSEN. J. K.. General ManaCger Co-Opera-
tlv MercoatUe Co. - 212-21
OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY
4U9-410
OREGONIAN BARBER SHOP; MABSCH
& GEORGE. Proprietors. ...128 Sixth Street
OREGONIAN EDUCATIONAL BUREAU;
3 F. StrauhaL Manager. ., 203
PACIFIC MERCANTILE CO.; F. M.
Scb-srartx, Agent 2U.
PAGUE. B. S.. Attorney-ai-Law ...81S
PORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY
-Ground Floor, 133 Sixth Siyae
QUIMBy " L. P. "W.. Game and Forestry
Warden ...718
HEED. C. J.. Executive Special Agent
Manhattan Llf 1ns. Co, of New Yorki...2Cfi
reED WALTER. Optllan...l33 Sixth Street
K1CKENBACK., Dr. J. i. Eye. 'Ear. Nose
and Throat ,...701-701
XOSENDALE. O. M., Metallurgist and
illnlng Engineer ,..816
X'x AN. J. B.. Attorney-at-Law 514
SAMUEL. L., Manager Equitable Life..... 30tJ
SHERWOOD. J. W.. State Commander" K.
t"fPzS
KM ITU. VII-wvv.-" -v-
Life
STULTE DR. CHAS. E.. Dentist 704-70
SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY. AND N. IV
TERMINAL CO -- T09
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE .301
TUCKER. IR- GEO. F.. DentUt 010-611
V ESTER. A., flreclol Agent Manhattan
Life " 2C9
WILEY. DR. JAMES O. C. Fhys. it Sur.708,9
WILSON. DR. EDWARD N.. Physldaa.
and surgeon ....... 304-35
witON. DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surg. 706-70?
WILSON. DR. how v... -ays. . aurgpui-oaj
WOLF-MORSE CO .... 403
WOOD. DR. W. L-. Physician. .411-412-413-41
OQccs stay te IxaA x apl7laT t
the sKperlBtcnuent ei te aauiUBg,
room 201. sccabA fleer.
men:st
THE MODERN APPLIANCE A jKMltlT
wiy to iTrtect manhood. Th. VACUy
TREATMENT carea yo without sm1Ib. at
ill s.rvauT or dUeases tfcv generative sr
VL.L sich aslat jaaahood. exhaustjv. draias.
v"locel7 l"BO-. tc MR are vMX t
,tOTtV . perfect health and strewn., Wrilm
rr 4rcular. Cotreia4e CMUUwiki.
THE HKALTX APPLIANCJC CO;. Jo.hh t-U
toV SMtt BiHMtoX. VI MJ.