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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Sept. 28, 1902)
THE -SUNDAY OBEGftSIAN, , PORTLAND, SEPTEMBER 2$. 1902; 4. Entered at the Postofflce at Portland, Oreiron, as second-class matter. REVISED SUBSCRIPTION RATES. ST Mail (postase jrrepald. In Advance) Dally, with Sunday, per month 83 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year 1 50 Dally, with Sunday, per year 0 00 Sunday, per year .... 2 00 She Weekly, per year J.... 1 5 The 'Weekly, 3 months 80 To City Subscribers Daily, per -week, delivered. Sunday excepted.l5o Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncludedJOc POSTAGE RATES. United States. Canada and Mexico: . . 10 to 14-page paper ...le 14 to 28-page paper 20 Foreign rates double. Eastern Business Office, 43, 44. 45, 47. 48. 40 Tribune building. New York City; S10-11-12 Tribune building, Chicago: the S. C. Beckwlth Special Agency. Eastern representative. For sale In San Francisco by I. E. Lee, Pal ace Hotel news stand: Goldsmith Bros.. 230 Cutter street: F. "W". Pitts, 100S Market street; J. K. 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TODAY'S "WEATHER Fair, with frost in Wrly morning; warmer during the afternoon; Csrttiwesterly winds. YESTERDAY'S "WEATHER Maximum tern srature, 60 deg.; minimum temperature, 49 tteg. precipitation. .C2 Inch. ijpokTLANT), SUKDAY, SEPT. 28, 1002. 1 ' , PRISON ORGANIZATION. Pacific Coast penitentiaries are get jting a shaklng-up all round. In Call fcornia it Is charged that convict labor t San Quentin has been employed for sl long time past in the manufacture of Elaborate furniture for the superintend ent, his family and his friends, Includ ing the Governor of the state; .and iwhlle this charge has not been proved, st has served to defeat the renomlna Htion of Governor Gage, thereby making awmethtng like a revolution in the Re publican party. In Oregon, the escape Tracy and Merrill exposed a want -o discipline, with other delinquencies, traceable directly to the system under whlch appointments to the adminis trative service are made. And now comes Idaho -with, a story to the effect that Superintendent Arneyhas been using convict labor and teams belong ing to the state for the working of his larm and that of his brother; and the charge is pressed with much persistence and apparent support In truth that Mr. Arney finds no way of escape ex cepting by resignation. These scandals all spring from a com mon source gamely, the demoraliza tion of our prison administration through V its connection with politics. Everywhere we have made the ap pointment of prison officials a .matter of politics. Superintendents are chosen not upon any theory of special fitness nor for experience, in dealing-.with the criminal class, but wholly through po litical or personal favor; and subordi nates are named not by expert author ity and with reference to the work to be done, but by politicians and as a reward for political service. Here in Oregon, for example, we have a prison superin tendenta very excellent and worthy man, by the way whose qualification for the place rested, at the time of his appointment, upon his personal and po litical friendship for the Governror. His chief assistant was selected because he -was somebody's brother-in-law; the subordinate officials for reasons of much the same character. The organ isation of the penitentiary Is a purely political one, as has been that of the many administrations that have gona before it In Callfornla.it Is pretty much the same thing; for, while the ap pointments are nominally made by an executive board, the board itself Is named by the Governor of the state, end the list of prison appointees usual ly Includes a large representation of his family connection, with a small army of his active political supportera The offending official at San Quentin, for example, turns out to be a cousin of Governor Gage's wife. Governors of states where this sys tem has long prevailed are hardly "to be blamed. Practice excuses It; the public expects it; an official failing to use his authority iir- the interest of his "friends" would be esteemed a fellow of no sympathies, as deserving of no friendship. Universal expectation, an influence of great potency, fairly thrusts him Into - the course which other Governors before have followed. Governor-elect Chamberlain, having had the mischiefs of the system im pressed upon him by the- Tracy Jtlerrlll Incident, would, we believe, like to es tablish the management of the peniten tiary upon another basis; but it will not be possible for him to do it. The public does not expect it; it looks to see next January precisely the same kind of a political turn-over that has been "Witnessed with the Incoming of every new Governor in the history of the state. He could not change the ystem if he would, and no friend at once sincere and judicious will counsel him to do it He will have, In the very nature of things, to play the game as it has al ways been played, for if he does not know already he will soon find out after he takes the executive chair that no one man is strong enough to overturn It g-establlshed political- habit, even though it be a bad habit, in the interest of his political opponents and to. the ex clusion of his political friends. Penitentiary management ought ev erywhere to bp recognized as a profes sional business -and be put upon a per manent and non-political basis, with appointments for experience and merit There ris no other basis f6r Its effective organization, no other way by which the best results can be obtained. And this can be done only by a general act of legislature taking appointments out of the hands of any one person. A law of Ihls kind would greatly relieve the Governors of the state; for, since there are fifty applicants for every place to be disposed of, patronage is an embar rassment to be avoided rather than a privilege to be sought The time is ripe -for reform In, this state which will take the State Prison out of politics and put its management in strictly professional hands. Man's inhumanity to dogs is suggest ed by the walls of canine woe that go up from the city pound these days. Of course, the Poundmaster must do his duty and impqund all unlicensed dogs. The inhumanity is in the owners of dogs who are unable or unwilling to pay jthe license, exacted by the city and permit these affectionate but luckless animals to fall into the hands of the dogcatchers. A truly humane man would give his dog the most painless quietus possible. Instead of. permitting him to be taken and kept in the pound and finally killed. No man has a moral right to abandon a helpless creature the care and protection of which he has voluntarily assumed. THE LIMITATIONS OP KOSSUTH. Today the united Magyar societies of Cleveland will unveil a bronze statue of Louis Kossuth, that date approxi mating the 100th anniversary of the Hungarian patriot's birth and the fifty first of his visit to the United States. The Hungarians in America do well to honor the memory of Kossuth, who, if not a constructive statesman, was a most powerful political agitator and the most eloquent orator of the nineteenth century. As an orator he was a man of genius; a man with the imagination of a poet and the fine sense of form of an artist He knew English thoroughly, for he had studied it from Shakespeare in his Turkish prison, andlfrom Shakes peare he obtained that rich vocabulary of splendid English that astonished and delighted his great popular audiences in England and America. Hufus Choate, Daniel Webster and "Wendell Phillips, the three great orators of America In 1851, when Kossuth visited our shores, all acknowledged the su preme excellence of the great Hun garian's, public eloquence. Congress, the President and the people of Wash ington treated Kossuth with distin guished honor as the guest of the Re public, but he soon found out that while he had the cheers of his audi ence whenever he spoke, the American Government would not depart from its historical policy of non-intervention in the affairs of foreign nations. Wo had maintained this conservative policy in the Napoleonic Wars, when both Eng land and France tried to drag us into the conflict; we maintained it in 1824, during the struggle of Greece for inde pendence; we had maintained it in 1837, during the Canadian rebellion against England. So great a scholar and po litical student as Kossuth ought not to have seriously expected that the United States would openly and actively aid another movement for Hungarian inde pendence. Hungary had our sympathies, even as Greece had them in 1824, even as the Canadian rebels had them in 1837; but Kossuth strangely mistook a popular expression of sympathy for his cause for a determination to grant his prayer for practical intervention and assist ance. He did not comprehend that an Irresponsible American audience is one thing, while the responsible American Government is another. Nine-tenths of the British people detest the persecu tion enforced against their resident Jews by Russia and Roumanla, but the British Government, to UEe Bismarck's figure, would not consider the rectifica tion Of this abuse worth the bnnpq nf n single British grenadier. The American naval commander of our vessel of war on which Kossuth first embarked for this country checked him so promptly when he attempted to make revolution ary harangues at Marseilles and other foreign ports that Kossuth became en raged and left the American ship at Gibraltar and proceeded to England. While our Government would not vote Hungary a single sword, soldier or can non, nevertheless it paid him such pub lic honors as it had never paid any other foreigner save La Fayette. The people hung upon his eloquent lips to the last hour of his nubile A very large sum Of money was raised ay private citizens for the cause of Hungary. jUBt 'as . we have since by popular subscription raised money for the cause of Irish home rule and for the Boers. But the responsible American Government turned an utterly deaf ear to Kossuth's plea for armed Interven tion, and he never forgave us for It, for in his subsequent political retirement- of forty-two years he never gaye any thought to America. . It was a singular fact that the only denunciation that Kcssuth received during his visit to the United States he obtained from Wendell Phillips, the great anti-slavery orator, then In his physical and mental prime. Phillips and Kossuth were; cut from the same cloth. Kossuth would subordinate ev erything to the cause of liberty for Hungary, and Phillips would subordi nate everything to freedom for the negro. Both of these gifted men were great orators and powerful political agi tators rather than conservative con structive statesmen, and were totally unable to comprehend each other. Phil Hps did full justice to Kossuth's noble genius as an orator, and then Indig nantly asked: "Why is Marshal Hay nau, whipping Insurgent women on the banks of the Danube, -any more" worthy of denunciation than our American Marshal Haynau whlnnine nesro bond. women on the banks of the Potomac?" Phillips referred to the fact that Kos suth not only expressed no hostility to human slavery as It then existed in this country, but went out of bis wayMo say that it was one of our domestic Institutions, which did not concern him, his only anxiety being for Hungary. But Phillips would have been Kossuth in Kossuth's place, for he always sub ordinated our highest National Interests to. the extinction of slavery. He would have welcomed the destruction of the Union at any time after 1837 If it prom ised to free the slaves. Kossuth and Phillips illustrated the limitations of the oratorical tempera ment as distinguished from the mental construction of a statesman. They were poets, enthusiasts, eloquent dream ers, not organizing or constructive statesmen, because such men never know that compromise spells states manship sooner or later in all great struggles for the abatement of political wrrnga Does anybody supposed that Hampden, or Franklin, or Mlrabeau, or Cavour could possibly, have gone into permanent retirement at 47 years of age and stayed in retirement sulking over a barren Idealty for the next forty-two years? When Hungary obtained the concession of home rule in 1867, through the wise 'and statesmanlike efforts of Francis Deak and other fellow-patriots with Kossuth In 1849, Kossuth was in vain urged to return to his native land and accept honors and new political op portunities at his country's hands. He refused, on the ground that he would have- no part In any government in which Austria was a factor. Hungary Is the controlling political force in the Government of Austria, but Kossuth would- never return. And probably he decided well for Hungary, if not for himself, for as a working statesman he would Have been overshadowed by Deak and Andrassy, his old compatri ots. He was' a' man of genius, for he was the greatest orator- of his century. He was an eloquent declaimer of poetic prose, c mind that, primarily of poetic quality, was forced by- circumstances to essay the part of a great statesman; but he was like Mazzlnl, Wendell Phil lips, Victor Hugo, Lamartlne and Charles Sumner an Inspiring destruc tive agitator rather than a constructive statesman. The oratorical genius has its limits. Its work is criticism, agita tion, inspiration, rather than organiza tion and constructive statesmanship. NOT TEE TRUE REASON. The resolutions passed hy the Third District Convention -of Iowa, which nominated Judge Blrdsall for Congress to succeed General Henderson, who de clined a renominatlon, directly contra dict General Henderson's statement that he had found after thorough inves tigation the Republicans of his district gave an interpretation to the state plat form which hfr could not as a protec tionist honestly advocate and sustain. General Henderson went so far as to pretend that this Interpretation of the Iowa platform was essentially an ac ceptance of the principle of free trade and .an abandonment of the principle of protection. The people of General Hen derson's district say In convention: "Wo deny that the Dlngley tariff breeds and shelters, trusts.. "We Interpret the tariff plank in the Des Moines platform of 1002 to be near ly a reiteration of and to mean no mora than the SU Louis plank of 1890, -which recited: "We are not pledged. , to any particular sched ules. The question of rates Is a practical ques tion to bo governed by the conditions of the times and of production. The ruling and un compromising: principle Is tho protection and development of American labor and industry." It is perfectly plain from the above resolutions that General Henderson has not given the true reason for his resig nation. This utterance confirms the theory of manjr Washington correspond ents that the real reason was because Henderson had good reason to believe that he would be defeated for re-election to the Speakership. It is a singular fact that General Henderson did not do as Tom Reed did, who boldly went for ward to battle for re-election to the Speakership and subsequently resigned; Mr. Reed did nof refuse to run for Con gress and do battle for the Speakership on the eve of the Congressional elec tions to the injury of his party. There Is something about the resigna tion of Speaker Henderson that needs explanation. His reason is clearly not the true one; very likely he was afraid of defeat for the Speakership, but it would have been more manly to accept renominatlon and re-election and then refuse to be a candidate for re-election to the Speakership than to give a transparently false reason for his retirement from political life. A pro found incidental effect of his course has been to encourage the very element in his party which he desired to rebuke. LET PRUDENCE RULE. The public Is getting somewhat tired of the discussion, which Is little more than assertion, contradiction and reas sertlon, between representatives of the Oregon State Federation of Labor and certain shipbuilders and others of this city In regard to the building of the Portland drydock. There can be little doubt, from the mass of testimony given to the public, on the one hand, that the unions have attempted to carry the shipbuilding business with a pretty high hand in some respects, and that their action has Involved the business of shipyards in a good deal of uncer tainty in bidding upon contracts. Trade unionism- never in Its history needed more wise, cautious and prudent leaders than now. when - public senti ment is ready to concede, and docs con cede, so much in favor of the demand for a living wage and reasonable hours for labor. If magnanimity is met by magnanimity, and justice with justice, it might be said that the cause of labor is won. But when concession is met by further demand, and a disposition Is shown to interfere in the details of the employer's business, to his vexation, annoyance and losa, there is great dan ger that the tide of public symDathv will turn, and, as Is the case whenever reaction sets In, cause a retrograde movement that will bo disastrous. Labor cannot afford to push its cause to this extreme. An Indication of what may reasonably be expected is seen in the position taken by contractors in regard to building the Portland dry- qock. Trades unionism, if wisely en gineered, will foresee the evils that fol low extremes, and shun them bv rea sonable and just appreciation of the concessions that have been made to its demands. Thin iq tho nart nt nnMn. Juslice and Industrial economy upon wnicn we cause of labor rests, and from which all of Its points of vantage have been gained. ALGER'S POPULARITY AT HOME. The strong Indorsement given by the Michigan Republicans to the. candidacy of ex-Secretary of War Alger for the United States Senatorship to succeed Senator McMillan, deceased, is not sur prising, for General Alger has always been Very popular In his state. He is the most distinguished surviving sol dier contributed by Michigan to the Union Army, and he has always been exceedingly generous and kind to his comrades. He has spent a great deal of money in acts of hospitality and benev olence to the members of the G. A. R. In his own state; was exceedingly pop ular as employer In his logging camps and lumber mills, and as a man and a citizen he has won a strong hold on the people of his state. He was the first Michigan Republican that -ever filled a Cabinet office, and on- his retirement from the Cabinet his friends felt thkt he had not been fairly treated; that he had been made a scapegoat of and obliged to carry alone a cross that others in Justice ought to have at least helped hint" bear. General Alger's book Is In many re spects a 'successful defense of himself so far as his controversy with General Miles is concr -ned, and General Miles' subsequent conduct tends to confirm the conclusions of General Alger. It is certain that General Alger stands far better before the country today than he did when he retired from the Cabinet of President McKlnley, because the bot tom facts of the Santiago campaign have finally reached the public. The strength of Alger today In his campaign for the United States Senate lies in the feeling of state pride. The Michigan Republicans feel that the first Cabi net officer they ever contributed to a party Administration was forced to re tire under a cloud of censure and de traction which they believe -he did not deserve, and from a natural, impulse of state pride they are anxious to vindi cate, him by the highest expression of confidence at the first opportunity. So far as the Republicans of Michigan are concerned, they would be ungrate ful if they did not support Alger for the Senate, for he, has-always used his po litical pull for the benefit of his state; he has spent his money freely for the benefit and the entertainment of his fellow-citizens of, both parties, high and low. He Is certainly a very popular man in his city and throughout his state. Whatever may have been the po litical faults of General Alger, "his heart was always true to Poll," was always true to Michigan in war or peace. The war, it may be observed, Is over. - : A number, of the women of this city have met together from time to time during the past week, upon invitation of a peripatetic lecturer on health, to listen tb a recital of their shortcomings-t in the matter of taking baths, brushing their teeth, caring for their hair, etc. To say that they have listened patient ly while a Frenchwoman has told them that "American women ar not well groomed"; that American VFomen de vote themselves to clubs and literature to the neglect of their bodies, their homes and their husbands; that Amer ican women fade early, and because of their ailments are peevish and general ly unlovely, is perhaps not greatly to their credit But they seem to have done so thereby, it would seem, strain ing good nature, which they were told they did not possess, In a eplrlt of po liteness, 'which Mme. de GoIIere Daven port, Frenchwoman though she is, clearly does not possess. There are a few general rules of health which any reasonably well-informed person, espe cially if he or she be possessed of self assurance and a ready tongue, can quote. It is not necessary, however, to assume- that In quoting these rules startling information is conveyed to an audience of intelligent, well-bred women. It Is probable, and we trust this can be said without offense, that the American woman of intelligence. In dustry and capability knows her own business, whether this pertains to the happiness of her husband, the care of her children and her home, or the civil ized requirements of the toilet, quite as well as a Frenchwoman who has de voted her life and such talents as she possesses to the to her all-Important art of "looking young." Of all the do mestic bores on earth, the "know-all," overflowing with' advice about home, husband and children, dress, complex ion, etc.. Is the most wearisome. And when the old woman with her reticule, her knitting and her self-assurance de velops. Into a public lecturer, dips her tongue In vinegar and travels about the country distilling "Information," she becomes the domestic bore, the tra ditional "know-all" intensified by oppor tunity. There is something like universal war on the billboard nliisance. In England after a long and very bitter fight laws have been passed which prevent the disfiguring of landscapes, boulevards and parks. In Prussia there was passed at the last session of the Landtag an act which represents a considerable ad vance upon the opinion of the English and American courts, which base the right of restrictive legislation In the matter of signs and other advertising matter upon considerations of health and public safety. In Prussia, under the new law, the offense to the eye Is regarded as a nuisance, and each com munity Is given absolute authority to decide what kind of -advertising signs or posters Constitute a disfigurement of landscape or street This enables a city or community to protect natural scen ery and places of great natural beauty from the sign nuisance. Under this law it Is possible to safeguard trees, cliffs, driveways and other picturesque places, as well as city parks and boulevards. This law gives great satisfaction to the enemies of the billboard everywhere; and there will be an effort to establish Its principle both in England and in this country. At Chicago there has been Inaugurated a movement of special en ergy under the general Initiative and backing of the Art League. An early success has been achieved In connection with the billboards which have marred the approaches to the parks; and an effort is now to be made to get a general law through the State Legislature sim ilar to the Pruslaan law above outlined. The strike in the Pennsylvania an thracite coal region has become a standj ing menace to the public peace, which at any time may result In o'arious com bat between troops and strikers. Such a combat would precipitate the end of the strike, as did the vigorous stand taken by United States troops under order of President Cleveland the great railroad strike in Chicago some years ago. An outcome of this kind 13 always to be dreaded and shunned, and the public has hoped against hope that the parties in conflict would come to terms like reasoning men before an acute stage of the strike involving bloodshed was reached. President Mitchell, of the United MIneworkers, who is In Wilkes barre, the center of the disturbed dis trict, says the reports of riots are great ly exaggerated, but pres3 news Indi cates a condlton of unrest and resent ment that Is liable without a moment's warning to develop into the .fury and insanity of mob violence. It. seems im possible for the strain to last much longer. The frost of an Eastern Winter will in a few weeks Increase the ten sion, so that an outbreak must follow. Whatever the basis of agreement, or whether agreement between the con tending forces is reached or not, the demand for oal must be met before long by a resumption of work in the long-closed mines. The public Is patient and long-suffering, but it will scarcely extend these virtues so far as to accept wholesale death by freezing when there is relief at hand. It Is the opinion of timber-cruisers of experience, who have visited the scenes of the late forest fires in Multnomah and Clackamas Counties, that the large trees were not Injured for milling pur ,posc by the blaze that swept through them. The food for the flames was mostly farmers' slashings, undergrowth, fences, houses and barns. If this be true, the damage caused by the fire will be much less than at first estimated. The stress upon farmers burned out of house and home is not lessened by this fact, though a. few years will make good the losses and add to the value of the fire-swept lands. , Hunting in the suburbs of Seattle is not without its dangers, as the Mayor of the city can testify. After having, In the pursuit of a bear, lost ha "bear ings" and passed two, nights in a hol low log, he was rescued by a search party and brought in in safety, though considerably the worse for his outing. His experience will probably be a warn ing to sportsmen to take suburban Se attle with proper seriousness SPIRIT OF THE NORTHWEST PRESS He Fnralshes the "Copy." Olympic Recorder. Congressman Cushman is receiving a great deal of free advertising if. the col umns of The Portland Oregonlan. Up to present advices be Is abundantly able to stand the infliction. Not tke Same Old Smile. Pocatcllo Tribune. The old-time Democratic smile is sadly wanting in this campaign. There is an gutter lack of gladness among the lead- ts. xneir expression is rowi msuuiua, for, like Belshazzar of old, they read the handwriting on the wall. f People Will Indorse tke Exposition. Albany Democrat One of tho biggest things the next state legislature will have to settle will bo that of an appropriation for the Lewis and Clark Exposition in 1005. Tho people of Oregon generally In, a patriotic spirit indorse the proposed exposition, but how large an appropriation they will indorse is a matter yet to be learned. It is a grave question for settlement, that of the use of the money of a state for any other than running expenses. There are plenty of precedents, though, it being a general custom among both states and nations, and Oregon will do something. Chance lor Goad Example. Walla Walla Statesman. Now that It has been decided that col ored troops of the Ninth Cavalry with a colored captain will soon be located at Fort Walla Walla, some of our good Re publican friends who are wont to deplore the drawing of the color line by the Southern whites will practice what they preach by receiving the colored soldiers on terms of social equality. As it has al ways been deemed proof of high social standing here to be on terms of intimacy with the commissioned officers of tho gar rison, there will no doubt bo great rivalry among the swells In showering social honors upon his military highness Cap tain Coon, and tho les3er lights wearing shoulder-straps. Roosevelt Is & Soldier. Astorian. If Theodore Roosevelt be anything he is a soldier. All these days he has been continuing a round of speech-making in addition to the arduous labors of his ex alted office. The fact thatthe President has allowed no one to know of his pain and suffering until nature called him to a halt will endear him to the people the people who elected him. It is strange that so recently a similar sacrifice of self was shown In England when the suf fering King Edward waited until the last moment before disclosing his' distress. To add fulsome or sentimental praise to the name of Roosevelt would be obnox ious. His patient endurance is what might be expected of a good soldier and can only add one mdre feather to one of the best men that ever filled a Presi dential chair. At Underwood' Trial. Tacoma Ledger. It is a lamentable fact that the man guilty, or supposed to be guilty, of a hideous crime attracts attention from others than the police. There is a mor bid desire to see him, and after a timo th'e gazer discerns In him a hero. Paul Underwood is on trial at Seattle for the murder of an infant There is nothing heroic in the slaying of a helpless babe. There is nothing In the suspicion of hav ing done this- to raise a man in the esteem of normal people. Nevertheless, the courtroom is said to be crowded during the process of selecting a jury, and the majority of the spectators to be women. What are they thoro for? They crane their rubbery necks to catch ax sight of the prisoner, and they will be sending him flowers before the trial la over, par ticularly if tho developments be opposed to the theory of Innocence. When women learn to love a criminal, they want the typo that reeks. If Underwood had been the father of twine and thrown the pair, sacked .and weighted, into the water, he would have been exalted. There Is no vio lation of confidence to say that the women who crowd to the Underwood trial dis grace one sex and disgust another. They have no business there and no shadow of legitimate excuse for being there. Neither have tho masculine loafers; but as to the latter. It may be taken for granted that they are past being spoiled. Purpose In Education. Eugene Guard. If today the Willamette University, the Pacific University or the State Universi ty could bo transplanted to Portland and re-established upon an Independent basis, it would within a year multiply its stu dent body and its general resources and gain for Itself the assurance of a large future. As a rule, those who go from home to college want not merely what may be got in the classroom, but such contact wltligeneral life as can be found only In a city. Oregonlan. "As a rule those who go from home to college," or perhaps those who send them, prefer that they shall not be exposed to the numerus temptations of metro politan life. If either of the universities named 'could bo transplanted fc Portland we doubt if the attendance of students, apart from Portland, would be material ly increased. As for the State Universi ty, Eugene offers students splendid so cial, church and home advantages, con venience of rallroa'd, postal, telephone and telegraph facilities, without the temptations of a city. We have all tho advantages that Portland may offer, and practically none of the objectionable fea tures that attach to that place and of which, strlvo as it may, it cannot rid Itself. People sending their sons and daughters to college do not desire that they shall be put in "contact with general life," such "as can be found only In a city." They want them kept from It Something Ilnndaome. Salem Statesman. Oregon must not content herself In the matter of the Lewis and Clark Exposi tion with merely a disposition to "do something." She must do something handsome. When the great exposition was held In Chicago the Oregon Legisla ture appropriated something like $50,000 for the share of this state. Liberal ap propriations were made for Oregon's representation at Buffalo and at Charles ton.! The 1303 Exposition at Portland may be made to attract the attention of the whole world to the advantages of this state for Investment and settlement. It can be made worth hundreds of thousands, yes, millions of dollars to Oregon. It will take money to do the work properly, and a lot of money. There Is no part of Oregon that will not receive benefit from the en terprise. There is no Interest worthy of mention in this state that will not profit, temporarily or permanently. The Legis lature this Winter can afford to be liber al. It can nfford to consider the largest possible amount that can bo spared, and then double the amount The Statesman expects to be criticised for making such a statement, but we are willing to abide the decision of events, In case as. large an appropriation as Is Indicated is made. There will be no complaining after the benefits shall have been fully shown. Oregon has been taking a- back seat, allowing both Washington and California to forgo ahead. This is the time and the opportunity to turn the tide this way. We have. the room and the opportunities for hundreds of thousands of new people and millions of new capital. - A Deduction. Judge. "I wan shay ri' here zhat my -wife's a charmer," declared the obviously intoxi cated gentleman. No pecson contradicting him, he continued, "I wan' shay again, gemmen. my wife's a charmer. Un-stan" me? a charmer! Wow!" Here a small, clear voice from the edge of tho crowd was heard to Inquire. "A snako charmer?" ' FIVE-MINUTE BOOK TALKS. No. 3- DR. JOHNS OX'S RAMBLER, The literary giant of the ISth century that Is, of the English-speaking countries is more talked about than read. This would seem not to have been the case in his own time and a few years later. I take from my shelves three volumes dated 1794, the 12th edition, as the title-page In forms mo, of "The Rambler,' essays pub lished first in serial form on and between, the dates March 20. 1750, and March 14, 1752. They consist of 20S papers of meaty matter for persons who take a thoughtful view of life. To describe them 'as wise and learned Is not to forget that Garrick said of the women who were supposed to have addressed the editor that they were "Johnson in petticoats"; but Dr. Samuel Johnson was" a great personality under whatever guise he wrote- Even when he affected to be somebody else, he gave graphic pictures of town and country life 150 years ago. As a literary critic, mor alist and devout Christian, writing with characteristic strength and exactness of expression upon subjects which he never failed to illuminate with vast learning and massive force of understanding, he Is him self alone, an august object assured of literary Immortality had he written noth ing besides "The Rambler." I think that were- these essays better known' they would be among the compan ionable books of many who now don't know them at all. Oliver Goldsmith said of them that a system of morals might bo drawn from them, which declaration gives suggestion of their wlde scope, while It is by no means exhaustive. John son's readers are sure to find his critical Judgments supported by learned reasons forcibly expressed, even when deformed by limitations and prejudices. Moreover, the "Tale of Annlngalt and Ayut" might well afford a model ot the narrative stylo of writing to lazy and slovenly pens of the present age If there are any such. And "The Rambler" Is inco'ntcstably a rich mine of religious reflection. Turning over my three octavos and en Joying their spacious type long ss and all my eye lights here and there on gems which I can detach from their setting and place to shine by their native light alone. There are many such for which the reader might be thankful, that Is, if he is of the class described by the learned author himself, as those only whom he expected to read his papers, "whose passions left them leisure for abstracted truth, and whom virtue could please by it3 naked dignity." The doctor calls upon the younger part of his readers "to remember that a blighted Spring makes a barren year, and that the vernal flowers, however beautiful and gay, are only intended by nature as preparatives to Autumnal fruits." Nascent authqrs will do well to bear In mind what follows: "Let tho next friendly contribu tor, whoever he be, observe the cautions of Swift and write secretly in his own chamber, without communicating his de sign to his nearest friend, for the nearest friend, will he pleased with an opportunity of laughing. Let him carry it to the post himself, and wait in silence for the event If it Is published and praised, he may then declare himself the author; If it bo suppressed, he may wonder in private without much vexation; and if it be cen sured, he may Join in the cry, and lament the dullness of the present generation." If ambitious of epistolary immortality, read, mark, learn and Inwardly digest thl3 sage counsel: "The purpose for which letters are written when no Intelligence Is communicated or business transacted is to preserve in the minds of the absent either love or esteem; to excite love we must Impart pleasure, and to raise esteem we must discover abilities. Pleasure will generally be given, as abilities are dis played by scenes of Imagery, points of conceit unexpected sallies and artful compllmenta Trifles always require ex uberance of ornament; the building which has no strength can be valued only for the grace of Its decorations. The pebble must be polished with care which hopes to be valued as a diamond: and words ought surely to be labored when they are intended to stand for things." Microscopic critics are unfortunately not an extinct race. They still answer to the Johnsonian description: "Some seem al ways to read with the microscope of crit icism, and employ their whole attention upon minute elegance or faults scarcely visible to common observation. The dis sonance of a syllable, the recurrence of the same sound, the repetition of a par ticle, the smallest deviation from pro priety, the slightest deect in construc tion or arrangement, swell before their eyes into enormities. As they discern with great exactness, they comprehend tut a narrow compass, and know nothing of the Justness of the design, the general spirit of '.he performance, the artifice of connection, or the harmony of the parts; they never conceive how small a propor tion that which they are busy In contem plating bears to -the whole, or how the petty Inaccuracies with which they are offended are absorbed and lost In general excellence." A gllmps-i of the horrors of 18th century "justice" accompanies reflections of the most heart-searching sort: "The learned, tho judicious, the pious Boerhaave re lates that he never saw a criminal dragged to execution without asking him self, 'Who knows whether this men Is not less culpable than we?' On the days when the prisons of this city (London) are cmptl;d into the grave, let every spectator of the dreadful procession put the samo question to his own heart Few among those that crowd In thousands to the legal massacre and look with care lessness, perhaps with triumph, on the utmost exacerbations of human misery, would then be able to return without horror and dejection. For, who can con gratulate himself upon a life passed with out some act more mischievous to the peace or prosperity ot others than the theft of a piece of money?'" The present age may not need less than that of Johnson this sapient reminder, that mere wealth is not the true riches: "When the desire of wealth is taking hold of the heart, let us look round and see how It operates upon those whose indus try or fortune has obtained it. When we find them oppressed with their own abundance, luxurious without pleasure, idle without ease, impatient and queru lous in themselves, and desplaed or hated by .the rest. of mankind, we shall soon be convlncecflhat If the real wants of our condition are satisfied, there remains Httlo to be sought with solicitude, or desired with eagerness." I may conclude aptly by quoting a sermon In a sentence: "The great art of piety, and the end for which all the rites of religion seem to be Insti tuted, Is the perpetual renovation of the motives to virtue, by a voluntary employ ment of our mind in the contemplation of its excellence, its Importance, and. Its necessity, which, In proportion as they are more frequently and more willingly revolved, gain a more 'forcible and per manent Influence, till In .time they become the reigning ideas, the standing princi ples of action, and the test by which everything proposed to the Judgment is rejected or approved." HENRY G. TAYLOR. NOTE AND COMMENT. Antama of the Heart. Across the wood-grown western hills The serried clouds advance; Ana soon on Autumn's crumpled leaves Thj. first few raindrops dance. Eagdrooping tree, each fading flower, Rejoices at the sound. As copllng breeze and generous flood Kerresn tno tnirsty grouna. Upon a withered waste of life The clouds of healing rise; And teardrops course in serried ranks From long unwceplng eyes. The shadows of contrition falli' On conscience, seared and dry; And sunset's rainbow hangs Its arch Of promise fn the sky. O, passing sweet Is hearthstone fire. When gained from Winter's night; And vision Inmost dear to eyes Long hidden from the light None knows the worth o liberty But one that has been bound; And showers fall most graciously Upon the famished ground. Kind mother Nature brings to each The boon that famine craves; To burning woods the floods that quench. To hearts the tear that saves. Down the long halls of memory, . Where blew sin's burning blast Soft zephyrs steal and fountains play The Summer drouth is' past! There are gentlemen in Seattle, we opine, who might not hae mourned if Mayor Humes had never been found. Mr. Bryan bobs up occasionally to re mind the President that there Is still one Nebraska trouble that has not been settled. Father BJfcwin and Son Baldwin do not seem to be enjoying tho judicial round of the little pugilistic contest they started last Summer. The Washington railroads get Into print occasionally, Just to remind Governor Mc Brldo that one little plank in a Repub lican state platform does not necessarily stand for their epitaph. Angelina Your friend Is right It Is the stuffing of tho turkey, not the dressing, Think how it would sound for Wllllo to remark to his little brother that he was about to knock the dressing out of him. A Swede in the Bad Lands broke a po liceman's noso with a beer bottle the other night. In hopes of escaping arrest. It will now devolve upon some ambitious attorney to prosecute the officer before the police commission and try to have him discharged. What jit& these police men thinking of, anyhow, that they dare to molest gentlemen of the North End from pursuing their happiness in their own way? After waiting 10 years, a man in Detroit received a visit from tho stork the other day. Now it Is customary at christenings to hand the priest a fee of 51 for each youngster. But when this infant had passed through the ceremony the happy but economical parent tendered his spirit ual adviser 25 cents. The clergyman handed It back and whispered: "Keep it until you have twins in your house and I will baptize them at the rate of two for a quarter." Joseph K. Hare, an artist attached to the scientific staff of the Baldwin,-Zlegler north pole expedition, has reached his home, 52 Macon street Brooklyn, and ex presses himself disgusted with the man agement, so far as Mr. Baldwin was con cerned. He said that Mr. Baldwin made no distinction between the Swedish sail ors and the Americans who had enlisted as members of the scientific staff. Mr. Baldwin, he asserted, enforced severe discipline and compelled members of the scientific staff to perform menial ser vices. A youth was engaged as Junior clerk by a firm otawyers and by way of filling In hla timo and testing his worth on his first day he was told to write a letter de manding payment of a debt from a client who was long In arrears. To the great surprise of his employers, a check for the amount arrived the next day. They sent for the young clerk and asked him to pro duce a copy of the letter which had had such an astonishing result The letter ran as follows: "Dear Sir: If you do not at once remit payment of the amount which you owe use. we will take steps that will amaze you." Since ascending the throne vacated by tho assassination of his predecessor, Nass red Din, six years ago, tho Shah of Persia has shown himself to be a man of pro gressive ideas. Ho has greatly reduced taxation, organized a postal and customs service, equipped telegraph lines, and, more Important still, has made it possible for his subjects to obtain justice in the courts. He shows no taint of the cruelty which so often characterizes Oriental rul ers, and altogether has won from his peo ple a measure ot pc "sonal loyalty and af fection never accorded to any of his pred ecessors on the throne. Mr. Baldwin, on trial for murder, ex emplifies a familiar typo of excrescences upon our civilization, and that without regard to his guilt or Innocence of Mr. Carlgon's death. Carlson complained to Baldwin that he was following him around. He knew well enough that if ho had been following Baldwin around, Bald win would have resented It Yet because he said as much to Baldwin, that worthy replied: "I believe I'll Just take a poka at you, if you are going to call -me down like that" Baldwin would call Carlson down all he liked, but Carlson should not call him down. The savage lnjustlco of this principle of action, so popular with our bullies, Is just what we have laws to suppress. It Is some hundreds of years now since this country recognized gov ernment by individual prowess. The respect of the late Justice Gray, of the United States Supreme Court, for the ancient dignity of the court was great, and in small things as in large he sought With strict purpose to maintain it When Chief Justice of Massachusetts, all through the county seats of the state he sought to continue what he called "the old regime," the solemA state of court Now and then he encountered members of the bar able to turn the tables on him. but not often. Henry W. Payne was one, and Sidney Bartlett, both leaders at the Suffolk bar. "Mr. Bartlett," said Chief Justice Gray, leaning back In his chair, "that is not law and It never was law." To this the lawyer promptly and pleasingly replied: "It was law. Your Honor, until Your Honor just spoke." "If Your Honor please." said Payne one day, beginning a motion. "Sit down, sir; don't you see I am talking with another Justice?" thundered the then Chief Jus tice. Mr. Payne took his hat and walked out of the courtrdom. A half-hour after ward a messenger reached his office with a note saying that Justice Gray was will ing to hear him. "I am not willing to be heard," answered the old lawyer, "until Judge. Gray apologizes." The apology followed. !