10
THE SUNDAY OBEGONIAN, PORTLAND, JULY 21, 1901.
r
"Far North" and "Far East."
Completion, of tKe Great Trans-Siberian
Railroad Verifies Dream of Peter tHe Great.
BY J. T.
( From the day that "Peter the Great,"
tho master mind of the Russian Empire,
'dispatched the dauntless Behring, more
than 300 years ago, to the frozen sea which
bears the name of the bold navigator, there
to plant the flag of the Romanoffs, down
to tire present struggle In the Orient, the
object of which is to lower that flag, and
thereby deny to Russia the right of an
, open ocean outlet, the history of the "Far
Xorth" has been one of thrilling interest.
The little stretch of water, less than 40
miles in width, which separates two con
tinents, and connects the known with the
'unknown waters of the world, and over
which prehistoric peoples undoubtedly
trod in tho early march of man from East
,to "West, has been the scene of more real
and speculative romance than any other
region of the world. It is the broken link
between the buried past of India and the
bustling present of America; but It is no
longer a march from Asia to America; it
is a march from America to Asia, back to
the cradle of man. A new civilization is
marching from the "West to the East, and
tthat, too, over the vers pathway that gave
the "Western Hemisphere its first human
life. The Star of Empire has changed Its
course.
The Scene of Fact and Falsehood.
The "Far Xorth" has given us the tragic
experiences of Greely and Schwatka, in
their gallant search for lost explorers", the
'highly romantic and always interesting
! fancies of Richard Henry Savage, the po
ietry and song of Joaquin Miller, the poet
'of all poets. In the appreciation of this
wonderland of the world, the graphic pen
pictures of Frank Carpenter, and last but
not least in point of temporary impres
ifiion. the erotesaue libels of a Kennan.
j By a strange process of reasoning we
forgot the great service rendered by Rus
sia to this Government during the Rebel
lion, which is commemorated in the Cor
coran Institute at "Washington, by a group
of statuary representing a delegation bf
Americans sent ay president uncora 10
St Petersburg, to personally express to
the Emperor of Russia the gratitude of
this nation for his kind offices In its hour
of peril, and remembered only the clank
ing of chains in a Siberian prison, as they
had been pictured by tho light-weights of
;chcap literature. We were taught in
'childish fancy to associate Russian char.
'acter with nothing but high-top boots,
gruff voices, unkempt whiskers, bristling
fur caps and bloody sabers. "When told
jthat the assassin who had taken the life
of a Russian ruler had been dragged to a
Siberian prison, there to reflect upon the
(gravity of his crime, without any attempt
,on the part of that Government to take
his life In return, we declared it an out
rage; when we were told that six men had
been hanged In Chicago for taking the
lives of policemen. In the name of that
same high-minded cause of anarchy, we
rejoiced and declared that murder must
be punished by death.
Another Side to Russian Chnrncter.
But that is all changed now. we have
.been treated to a new insight to Russian
methods, a Logan has taken the place of
a Kennan in the portrayal of character.
The son of America's distinguished sol
dier, and a soldier of distinction himstlf,
was proof against the flattery of London,
and the result was he told the truth in
"Joyous Russia." To this tribute is added
the testimony of General Fred Dent Grant,
son of America's greatest soldier; Mrs.
Potter Palmer, of Chicago, one of the
foremost women of the United States, as
well as that of hundreds of other intelli
gent Americans who have visited the do.
main of the Czar.
We now learn that the Russians are not
such a bad set after all; instead of drag
ging men to Siberia, there to be condemned
to everlasting punishment as told by
would-be publicists, we And that these
prisoners work upon the public highways,
eat at the same table with their guards,
wear no shackles, are paid $6 per month
land given a piece of land upon their re
lease as well as tools with which to till
it, all of which" shows a desire to reform
father than exterminate the criminal as
we have been told. This spirit of leniency,
which began with the liberation of S0.
000.000 serfs in 18G0. for which the titled
owners were paid In coin, is everywhere
.manifest in Russia, and yet the London
'papers gleefully declare that the common
'people are up in arms against the Gov
ernment. But this 13 not true. It only ap.
jplles to "Princes" who have lost their
l"jobs" through- the abolition of petty
(kingdoms, and who are now posing as
martyrs and looking for heiresses In Eng
land and America. . n
A Case of Mistaken Iicniency.
1 About five years ago, two fugitives,
fresh from the "dungeons" of a Siberian
prison camo to San Francisco, and told
the story of their sufferings with all the
fancy of a Kennan; they were taken up
by a kind people, fed, clothed, and given
imoney with which to start anew in Hie,
and those who offered succor felt that the
'Russian Government was cruel. Three
'months after their generous welcome to
the sunny shores of California, they
broke Into the store of an aged couple
iat Sacramento, and murdered them for
'their little hoard of gold. For this crime
to which they pleaded guilty) they were
promptly hanged by the State of Cali
fornia. If Russia had shown less con
sideration to these particular "martyrs,"
lit might have saved the state the expense
'of completing their reformation. But Rus
sia's error In this case, while a source of
expense to one of the commonwealths of
the United States, Is not without a com
pensating feature, for it effectually re
ifutes the common slander of cruelty di
rected against a friendly government.
Russia, and the United States In Per
fect Accord.
The acceptance by the United States, of
tthe Russian offer to evacuate Pekin, as
the only means of settling the troubles of
ih3 Orient, and the perfect concert of ac
tion which has characterized the two
governments since then, bespeaks a con
tinuation of the friendship which has ex
isted between the two young giants of the
"West since the days of "Washington.
Determined efforts have been made to
place Russia in a false light before the
American people, and to that end, the
press, the stage, the rostrum and occa
sionally the pulpit have been employed,
but fortunately to no purpose. The Amer
icans may bo fooled by even a Kennan
in the matter of sympathy, but It will
take something more than even the united
press of England to convince them that
Russia's presence In China is a menace
to American interests.
Russia's only object in entering China
was to secure an open ocean outlet for
its great railroad, and. in pursuance of
that aim would preserve the integrity of
the empire. England on the other hand,
being in search of a new coal supply, and
a cheaper class of labor In order to com
pete with the United States, would slice
It up and use the Suez Canal as a means
of transporting its Oriental factory pro
ducts to Europe. In order to accomplish
that much desired object. Its statesmen
prated about "dual interests," and "closed
doors," while Russia was admitting Amer
ican manufactures into the disputed ter
ritory absolutely free of duty.
The dominancy of England in the Orient,
means the utilization of the vast resources
and cheap labor of China, with the Suez
Canal and the multitude of English tramp
ships as auxiliaries, while the dominancy
of Russia means the utilization of the
Pacific, and the consequent employment
of the Trans-Siberian Railroad as an
American gateway to Europe. Russia be
ing an agricultural nation, would let Chi
na sleep on undisturbed by the hum of
what will prove to be the cheapest ma
chinery In the world. England on the oth
.J
er hand being an exporter of manufac
tures, and an Importer of agricultural
products, would utilize that cheap labor
to check the progress of the Amerlacn
manufacturer. The fight in the Orient, is
a struggle for trade on the one hand, and
military freedom upon the other. Tha
old conflict between Russia and England
has been transferred from the Mediterra
nean, to the Pacific.
The Prophecy of Xnpoleon.
One of the chief causes of England's
fear of Russia in the Orient, is the slow
but sure march of the Muscovite toward
the fulfillment of the famous prophecy of
Napoleon, that "Europe would yet be all
French, or all Cossack." The great trans
Siberian railroad makes that prophecy
something more than idle conjecture.
"While there is abundant proof of the
almost prophetic vision of "Peter the
Great," who established caravan commu
nication between the widely separated sec
tions of the Russian Empire, and strange
to say, almost over the very pathway of
the Trans-Siberian Railway, it would be
incredible at this time tb assume that he
BRITISH
actually foresaw the possibilities of a
railroad, which brings thfe North Pole
within a 10-days ride of. the Mediter
ranean, but it is here and ,the end is not
yet.
"Without any blast of trumpets or un
usual display, ' such as might well be in
dulged In through the birth of an enter
prise calculated by Its very geographical
position to revolutionize the trade and
the travel of two hemispheres, the Rus
sian Government, with that quiet, but de
termined purpose which is a character
istic of the Slav race, has not only un
folded a new world of boundless posslbili.
ties in the "land of the midnight sun," but
made certain the dream of James J. Hill
for an all-rail route to Europe. The ex
tension of either the Great Northern or
the Northern Pacific railroads, from Seat
tle to Cape Prince of Wales which is but
a mere span in this age of gigantic under
takingswould make it possible for the
traveler to take a train at New York, en
circle the globe, and come back Vo within
3000 miles of the starting point without
ever changing cars.
The Union of Tyco Hemispheres.
That Behring Straits that little stretch
of water which separates the "Far Nort'h"
from the "Far East," will some day sue.
cumb to the science of engineering
through the medium of either a tunnel or
a bridge, and thereby bring together the
iron horses already within hearing of
each other in Alaska and Siberia, is as
certain as time ltteelf. The first step In
the direction of uniting the two hemis-'
pheres, is now being taken by the build
ing of a telegraph and cable system
which Is to connect Russia, China and
America.
By employing the wires of the Trans
Siberian system (permission for which is
now being considered) with an extension
to the East Cape, opposite Alaska, and
thence down the coast to Seattle, the
people of the United States will be able
to communicate with the Orient and the
Philippines, without following the Suez
Canal route a distance of 14,000 miles, as
at present. And what is more Important
still they will receive the news Just as it
occurs, and not as the London censors see
fit to present It. Such a systtem will not
only be of great commercial value, but it
will prevent the shameful spectacle wit
nessed during the Spanish "War, where
ncpresentatives of friendly foreign Gov
ernments were obliged to daily call at the
State Department, and disavow sensation
al reports from London.
Development of a New "World.
"Within two years at most, a land here
tofore known as the home of the polar
bear, the famous Russian seal, and the
justly celebrated sllver-sldo salmon, with
all of Its wealth of forest, stream and
mine, will be thrown open to commercial
development. To the "Western gateways of
this vast empire, comprising the cities of
San Francisco. Seatt'ie, Portland and Ta
coma, this means an era of unparalleled
prosperity.
The Trans-Siberian Railroad which is
the longest in the world will traverse a
virgin territory larger In area than the
United States, and embracing everything
from the iron and oil deposits of Pennsyl
vania, to the cotton fields of the South,
and the wheat fields of the "West, Includ
ing the gold fleld3 of California, Colora
do. Montana, Arizona. Idaho and Alaska
combined, and serve the trade and trans
portation wants of 500,000,000 people, or
more than one-half the world's popula
tion. Between the Pacific port of this
great highway Port Arthur and the Pa
cific ports of the United Staes, there will
spring up a commerce so vast as to be al
most inconceivable.
When it is considered that this new
highway to the Old "World makes it? possi
ble to take a steamer at Portland, Seattle,
Tacoma, or San Francisco, and land in
any of the capitals of Europe in less time
than It now takes to jro by steamer from
St. Paul to New Orleans, and in doing
that practically circumnavigate the globe.
Its great possibilities become apparent.
Add to this a government policy which
carries a workman in search of employ
ment, TOO miles upon its railroad for 20
cents, and which allows no private inter
estno matter how great to stand in the
way of national advancement, and one
can readily see the part that the great
Trans-Siberian Railroad is to play In the
transportation world of the future.
American Institutes Are Favored.
That American Interests are to be fav
ored in this new world of trade, not
withstanding the impolitic and unjust
discrimination made against Russian su
gar by the Treasury Department of the
United States, is assured by the many
friendly acts of Count1 CassinI, the Rus
sian Ambassador at "Washington. Rus
sia does not mistake the verdict of a
divided board of Appraisers for American
sentiment.
In proof of Its desire to further Amer
ican Interests, I might say that a loan
FLTXN.
" :ii K '- y t '- iv
of $24,000,000 was recently obtained from
the New York Security & Trust Company,
of New York, for the sole purpose of pur
chasing American supplies. This vast sum
is subject to the check of M. de Rout
kowsky, the Financial Agent of Russia
at "Washington, who is dally shipping
material to the Orient from New York,
Baltimore, Chicago, San Francisco and
other trade centers of this country. That
money as well as the material for which
It is expended, could all have been ob
tained in the commercial centers of Eu
rope, but the preference was given to the
United States.
Another proof of its desire to promote
American trade interests as against those
of England, Is found In the- order recent
ly made by M. de "Wltte, the Minister, of
Finance of Russia, providing that all ex
change of the Russo-Chlnese Bank which
means the business of the Orient be
drawn on New York Instead of London.
Again its marked friendship is found in
the building of a branch of the Trans
Siberian system some 600 miles in length,
from Perm to Kotlas, on the River Drive,
in order to take the wheat of that part
of Siberia to Norway and Sweden, by way
of the "White Sea, and thus prevent its
competition with the Pacific Coast product
In the markets of the Orient. In addi
tion to this, the Russian Government
stands ready to Join with the American
farmer In placing a profitable price on
wheat, either by combination or purchase"
outright. The friendship of Russia has
been manifested in so many ways and on
so many occasions that there is scarcely
room for doubting its intentions in the
MODEL ARMORED CRUISER OF BRITAIN'S NAVY. 5
or ' ... J . 1 i , ,
H. '"r
XAVAL AUTHORITIES WILL BUILD THREE MORE CRUISERS OX LINES OF THE DRAKE.
Orient or elsewhere, notwithstanding the
English reports to the contrary.
Rnnslnn Laws and Customs.
By Its generous policy, the Russian Gov
ernment has created opportunities for
American capital and American enter
prise almost without limit. It has mines,
forests and fisheries to develop, and ex
tends every honorable encouragement to
capital employed therein. Its laws are
equitable and Its people are honorable;
no foreigner can practice Imposition upon
the lowliest .Russian subject, nor can the
most exalted rsubject of that vast empire
Impose upon the most obscure foreigner.
Equal and exact justice Is meted out with
out reference to the person. The central
purpose of tho Russian law is the protec
tion of the weak, in case of Its Infraction,
less consideration is shown those inhlgh
place than la extended to the lowly, the
theory being that those who have enjoyed
the advantages of education and oppor
tunity are more deeply indebted to law
than those who have not, and therefore
less excusable for Its violation.
Russia does not farm out privileges in
discriminately, but it extends full protec
tion to every legitimate enterprise operat
ing within its borders. Corporations are
obliged to pay a tax upon netlncomes, and
to submit a full statement of the business
done each year. Including the amount paid
directors in the same, thus lhsurlng to
stockholders an honest and economical
management of corporate properties. Offi
cers of the Government, as well as mem
bers of their families and households, are
prohibited from owning stock or interests
in any mine or other enterprise over which
Government supervision is exercised. For
eign corporations are obliged to file copies
of their articles of Incorporation, trans
lated and duly certified to by the Russian
Consul of the state where such corpora
tion has its head office, with the proper
authorities at St. Petersburg before com
mencing business.
All persons not specially prohibited by
law from entering the empire (the partic
ulars of which may be had from any Rus
slon Consulate office), can secure pass
ports through the Secretary of State at
"Washington, which must be countersigned
by the Russian Consul at the point of de
parture. Foreigners may take up and
work mineral lands belonging to the gov
ernment, upon terms and conditions some
what similar to those of the United
States, thqugh the holdings are much
smaller, except in the case of special
crown grants.
Trades and Persons Prohibited by
Law.
Certain trade callings are strictly pro
hibited, among others that of selling liq
uor, this business being In the hands of
the government exclusively. No unreason
able restraint Is placed upon trade or
travel In any part of the empire when
the traveler is supplied with the passports
which form part of the laws of the land.
The customs and Internal revenue regu
lations are strict, as they are in the
United States, but no honest man need
fear them; their object Is protection, and
not persecution. Up to the time of the
application of the countervailing duty on
Russian sugar, American goods, with the
exception of cotton manufactures, alcohol,
grape wines and grape products, petro
leum and Its bl-products (which are artl-cles-'bf
home production) were admitted
to Siberia free of duty. Russia, like the
United States, Is a protective tariff coun
try, the object of the embargo being the
furtherance of home industries, rather
than revenue.
Government Railroad, Telegraph
and Telephone Systems.
Two-thirds of the railroad, and more
than one-half of the telegraph and tele
phone systems are owned by the govern
ment. These are conducted by a depart
ment known as the railroad administra
tion. It Is composed of men who are.
versed in the various branches of the
business, and embraces many features
unknown to the railroads of America.
Among these is a pension system, which
provides for employes In the case of acci
dent, death and old age. It also has a
department known as the "co-operative
stores," where railroad employee obtain
all goods at actual cost. Ag the result
of the ownership of the railroad, and the
zone system under which it Is operated,
distance from the commercial centers of
the empire places no penalty upon the
tiller of the soil. Through government
ownership, and the arbitrary regulation
of private telephones, tho rates for this
service are so low that thousands of
farmers use them throughout the empire.
The rate charged, although less than one
half of what Is charged In the United
States, affords a handsome profit to tho
government. This Is also true of the rail
road. About three-fourths of the direct ex
penses of the government that is. ex
panses outside of the railroad, telegraph
and banking department, which are more
than half sustaining are derived from
the liquor traffic. The object of the gov
ernment In taking the business out of the
hands cf individuals v. as first to check
intoxication, and, secondly, to acquire
revenue, and In this it has been more
than successful. .By Its system of own
ership, and the regulation of both the
quality and quantity of liquor sold, it per
mits the subject, who Insists upon the
exercise of his "natural rights," to eay
just how much of the expenses of the
government he wishes to pay. It encour
ages temperance on the part of Its peo
ple, but at the same time it punishes in
temperance, not by fines, but by taxation.
In determining the merit of officers In
this department of government, the in
verse ratio system Is employed that is to
say, the man who reports the smallest
sale of liquors is regarded as the most
efficient agent.
Russia Aids and Protects the Farmer
Russia extends every aid and encour
agement to those who till the soil, by the
remission of taxes in time of drought,
low transportation rates, and government
loans at 4 per cent per annum, but it deals
harshly with those who would prey upon
the farmer. As a result of this generous
recognition of the rights of the common
people the empire has gone forward by
leaps and bounds until it has taken the
first place In the European world of na
tions,. From a population of 50,000,000 in
1SG0 t has jumped to one of ICO.000,000, an
increase equal to almost the whole of Eu
rope in the same period. This Is not mere
accident.
Rupsla has risen, not by .the power of
superior intellect, or superior advantages,
but by the steadfast employment of tho
principle laid down by "Peter the Great"
that "no nation can be greater than a
majority of its people." The application
of that principle is everywhere manifest
in Russia. The lowliest Cossack In the
outskirts of Its vast empire Is not for
gotten in the regal splendor of the royal
palace. No Individual has a license to
prey upon him. And that is why he re
mains loyal to the Czar.
During a recent visit to the office of
Baron Schlippenbach, the Russian Consul
of Chicago, I met a Cossack, who came
In and announced himself a deserter from
the Russian Army.
"Do you know the penalty of your act?"
asked tho astonished Consul. "Yes," he
replied, "I do, but I am a Russian sol
dier, and now that the government Is in
trduble I want to serve it, even though
that service Is preceded by Imprisonment."
That is the spirit of 20,000,000 men In Rus- !
sla. They are all volunteer soldiers. That
spirit is not the result of a demand upon
the part of the government, but the re
sult of careful development. Russia's
power comes from within and not from
without.
PROMISE OF THE SUN SPOTS
Disturbances From "Which Scientists
Make Predictions.
"With the discovery of a magnificent
group of spots on the sun by a French as
astronomer, after an absence of these phe
nomena for seven months, comes, scien
tists say, a promise of a plesant Sum
mer, says the New York Herald. Though
indicative of increased solar heat, their
presence foreshadows an absence of stag
nant hot waves, like those of the Sum
mers of 1S9C and 1900, when for weeks the
air was like steam, laden with heat and
moisture and umellved by the slightest
breeze.
These great disturbances were discov
ered by the Abbe Th. Moreaux, of the ob
servatory of St. Celestln, Bourges, France,
on the morning of May 20. He says:
I was making my daily Inspection of
the sun, when I perceived on the eastern
edge a magnificent group of spots, extend
ing over an Immense surface, and giving
all the signs of frightful activity. The
diameter of the spotted surface, accord
ing to the measurements, calculated dur
ing the morning of May 20, was 48,000
kilometers, (29,820 miles). The group ex
tended over a surface of 1.72S,000,000 of
square kilometers, which Is equivalent
to 6C7,000,000 square miles nearly four
times tho area of the earth's surface.
"On the previous evening there -was
nothing visible upon the surface of the
sun. The group of sun spots observed
on May 20 rapidly underwent transforma
tion and tended to unite In a single spot."
From the abbe's description of this tre
mendous spot It Is obvious that the solar
fire3 underwent last month a frightful
increase over an almost lncomprflxnsl
ble area. That the great outbursts of
solar energy represented by thespots are
sufficiently far-reaching to be feltwlthln
the earth's atmosphere has longbeen
evidenced by the occurrence of magnetic
disturbances on the earth slmullaneous
with the appearance of the spots.
The Indications, as deducted from the
presence of the sun spots, are as follows:
There is no danger of such a deficiency
of temperature that the crops will suffer
over any extensive region or of any wide
spread lack of strong punshine. Doubt
leas there will be the usual number of
hot waves, and not Improbably record
breaking extremes of heat In some dis
tricts with the usual concomitants of
infantile diseases, prostrations and sun
stroke in the crowded cities. But there
should certainly be expected this season
a more active motion of the atmosphere,
corresponding to the Increased solar ac
tivity. "We may hope for partial relief
from the long spells of calm, stifling heat
and tho associated Intense actual humid
ity, which In such years of solar calm
appear to be mo3t phenomenal and most
pronounced.
i
The Truant.
Eugene Field.
It was a bright and genial day.
"When, tempted by the opep gate J
And by a little truant mate,
Our Baby "Willie ran away;
And prpmpted by each varying fear,.
Impelled by agonized alarm
That he, perchance, might come to harm,
We hunted for him far and near.
Yet all in vain his baby name
"We called and called with no reply.
Till with the sunset In the sky,
Back to his home the bab7 came.
Poor, tired child, how glad he crept
Into hln mother's arms and said,
"I'm glad I'm home, le's do to bed."
And, oh. hovtr peacefully he slept.
"Glad I am home!" It is the cry
That many a weary wanderer gives.
When tired of the life ho lives
He turns him to the wall to die.
And as I to my joyous breast
Took back my truant child that day,
So will the arms that live for ayo
Receive each truant soul to rest.
COOS COUNTY COAL FIELDS
GEOLOGICAL SURVEY "WILL ISSUE
AN EXTENSIVE REPORT.
The Coos Bay District Is Oregon'
Banner Section Traces of
"Pitch Coal."
"WASHINGTON, July 11. The Geological
Survey will shortly complete a special re
port on the Coos Bay quadrangle of
Southwestern Oregon, In which the topog
raphy, geology and Interesting features
will be fully described in text and by a
series of maps, based upon investigation
made last Summer. One of the most note
worthy things described in this report is
the Coos Bay coal fields. On this subject
the forthcoming report says, In part:
"The Coos Bay field Is the only produc
tive coal district yet discovered in Ore
gon. Its best deposits are found in tne
Newport Basin, named from its principal
mine, the Newport, at Libby. The length
north and south from Yokam Hill to the
neighborhood of Marshfleld, Is about three
miles. Excepting the trace of coal at
North Bend, no coal has been found
north of the ravine containing the Marsh
field waterworks, although it Is probable
that the Newport Basin extends some-
'S .!? ".
what farther In that direction. The aver
age breadth is about a mile, and the basin
occupies the greater part of sections 4 and
9, township 26, as well as section 33, town
ship 25, besides small portions of several
adjoining sections, so that the total area
Is nearly three miles.
"The Newport Basin is well defined, and
In It the outcrop of coal has been traced
more carefully than In any other portion
of the field. It Is the most conveniently
situated with reference to coal shipment,
of all the productive portions of the coal
field, and the attitude of the strata Is such
as greatly to facilitate mining. The basin
is shallow, with gentle dips on both sides.
It lies In a ridge so high above local
drainage that the workings not only drain
themselves, but the coal Is readily brought
out by gravity. Three mines have been
worked in this basin, but only one, the
Newport, is now in operation. The East
port was closed some years ago. Tho most
complete section of the strata involved In
the Newport Basin Is furnished by the
borings made at Llbby in prospecting for
coal near tho mouth of the Newport mine.
One of tho borings penetrated 800 feet.
"The Newport Basin has only one bed
of cbal that Is extensively worked; It Is
generally known throughout the region as
the Newport bed, and contains about six
feet of coal, In three benches, yielding five
feet of workable coal.
Roof Generally Sandstone.
"The roof Is generally sandstone, but
locally shale, and requires very llttlo tim
bering. Where shale occurs in the roof
it is often full of bracklsh-water fossils.
The top bench Is usually left with the
upper parting to form the roof. It occas
ionally contains small veins of pitch coal
which intersect the other coals. The
middle bench within a few Inches of Its
top contains a red streak that Is charac
teristic of the Newport bed, and is used
by some as a means of identifying the
Newport bed in various portions of the
coal field. The bottom bench Is regarded
as the best coal at Newport, although it
contains a little bony coal at the base.
The different branches vary somewhat in
thickness, but the triple arrangement ex
tends throughout the Newport Basin, and
even a consideble distance beyond, for
it is possible to recognize the Newport
bed over' a wider area than any other
one In the Coos Bay coal field, and In
working out the structure of the field It
Is found to be of much importance.
"The only coal bed of considerable size
found in the Newport Basin as far north
as the waterworks west of Marshfleld Is
the one close to the pipe line where It
descends the rocky bluff about a quarter
of a mile from the reservoir. It has been
recently prospected again by James Flan
agan. This- coal Is supposed to overlie
the Newport coal, and to have been
dropped by a fault In the strata between
the reservoir and the South Marshfleld
mine.
"The outcrop of the coal about . the
northern end of the Newport Basin, es
pecially upon the slope of Pony Slough,
has not been traced so continuously as
around the southern end and eastern side
of the basin. North of the Eastport
.mine the Newport bed outcrops at the
head of Galloway Gulch and swings
around to the South Marshfleld mine,
which is at an elevation of about 200 feet
above tide and scarcely a mile from
Marshfleld. The mine was operated for
some time to supply local demand.
The Beaver Slough Coal Basin.
"The Beaver Slough coal basin takes
Its name from Beaver Slough, which lies
near the middle of the most Important
portion of the basin. It has a length of
over 20 mlle3, extending from the neigh
borhood of RIverton northeast between
Isthmus and Catching sloughs to the
northern limits of Coos Bay. Its widest
part is in the Coqullle Valley, whero it
is about five miles across. To the north
It narrows as It approaches Cooa Bay. A
short distance beyond Glasgow It Joins the
South Slough Basin.
"Beaver Slough Basin, although many
times as large as the Newport Basin and
containing much more coal, has not yet
yielded so great an output, for the reason
that it is not so conveniently located for
economical mining. The" basin is deep,
extending far below sea level, so that the
removal of the coal to the surface, as
well as the drainage and ventilation of
the mine. Is in general considerably more
expensive than at Newport. Many mines
have been started In that basin. The Ti
mon and Liberty (Ferrey) mines at RIv
erton, and the Beaver Hill and several
others further northeast, are yet active,
while tho Glasgow. Southport, Henry
vllle and Utter mines are among those
which have ceased operations. Only the
lower portion of the Coalcdo formation
contains coal beds worthy of considera
tion. These crop out close to the border
of tho basin, or further within the basjn
wljere brought to the surface by an up
ward bendxof the strata. The coal-bcar-lng
series of the Beaver Slough Basin
is nearly 600' feet In thickness and con
tains about six beds of coal. One of the
best sections Is in section 9, township 27
south, range 13 west. The position, asso
ciation, composition, structure and size
of the lowest coal bed of this section
tend to show that it is the Newport bed.
If so, the bed of coal mined at Beaver
Hill and Beaverton Is the same as that
mined at Newport. At this point a coal
bed of considerable size appears beneath
the Newport. The Newport bed has not
yet been traced with certainty much
farther southwest than Beaverton, nor
farther northeast than the vicinity of
HenryvIHe. A coal bed resembling it to
a considerable extent occurs near the
western edge of section 19, township 27
south, range 13 west. The coal mined at
RIverton is called the Tlmon bed. Both
the Tlmon and the Liberty (Ferrey) mines
are operating upon this bed.
"The structure, size and general rela
tions of the Urquhart coal at Rii-erton
suggest that it corresponds to the New
port coal mined at Beaverton, but of this
correlation there Is yet no completely
satisfactory evidence. This Is especially
true since the reported discovery of Mr.
J. H. Tlmon of promising coal west of
Lamprey Creek.
"The Beaver Slough Basin joins the
South Slough Basin a short distance
south of RIverton, where the coals swing
around and strike northwest. Many
prospects have been opened in the Bea
ver Slough Basin. Individual beds can
not be traced for any considerable dis
tance. They change rather rapidly, and
generally near the eastern borders of the
basin contain much sediment. The best
coal of this basin Is near the western
side, especially in the Beaverton and
Beaver Hill region, where, all things con
sidered, the outlook appears more promis
ing for successful mining than In any
other portion of the basin, excepting, per
haps. RIverton, where the coals are of
smaller size.
The Beaver Hill Mines.
"On December 16, 1900, Beaverton was
practically closed but development con
tinued at Beaver Hill under the direction
of W. S. Chandler. Since the report on tne
Coos Bay coal field was published, the
openings northeast of Caulfleld marsh
have been extended. The slope Is down
400 feet from the adit, with gangways of
240 feet, and the mine will evidently soon
be In condition to yield a good output.
"Mr. Chandler reports that north of Bea
ver Hill, in section 26, township 26 south,
range 13 west, a drill hole was sunk 530
feet, showing a disturbed condition of the
rocks and no coal. The Southport coat
was opened at several promising points In
section 22, and If the coal Is found where
drilling was going on, as expected, this
portion of the coal fields will be opened
up.
"Near Coos City "W. A. Maxwell was
sinking a prospecting shaft, which was
down about 200 feet, and it was expected
that the Henryvllle coals would be
reached.
"A promising prospect has been recently
opened along the eastern border of the
Beaver Slough Basin, near the mouth of
Coos River, in section 4, township 20 south,
range 12 west. Three beds are exposed,
but the middle one Is of most Importance.
It is known as the Lillian. Coal from this
mine is well spoken of by local users In
Marshfleld. It Is supposed to be the same
coal as that at Nortons, which cokes.
"The coals In these three benches, upon
careful analysis,, show from 43 to 46 per
cent of volatile matter, and from 37 to 42
per cent of fixed carbon.
The South Slough Basin.
"Coal Is exposed at several localities In
the South Slough Basin near Empire, as
far as well as farther southwest. In sec
tions 8, 17 and 18, township 26 south,
rango 13 west, and section 1, township 27
south, range 14 west. In section 2 the
coal turns and extends west, then north
west. croDnlnsr out at several nolnts. and
reaches the coast near the mouth of Bigl
Creek. This basin extends south to
Hatchet Slough, where it swings across
the end of the Westport arch and Joins
Beaver Slough Basin.
"In section 2, township 27 south, range
14 west, near South Slough, the principal
coal Is evidently the Newport bed. It Is
well developed, and crops out with gentle
dip under conditions favorable for mining.
In tho surrounding territory, however, the
rocks are highly tlltfed, and it Is probable
that the area promising the most favor
able conditions for mining is less than a
square mile In extent. The same coal oc
curs farther south, and in that part of the
basin there is a larger bed lower In the
section, which has been traced northwest
and southeast for about six miles. Part
of the coal In this latter bed Is of good
quality, but, like the associated strata, it
is generally soft and inclined at a high
angle. At first1, this coal was regarded as
the probable equivalent of the Newport
coal, but later Investigations tend to show
that It lies far below the Newport bed.
These two large beds occur nearest to
gerher In section 10, township 27 south,
range 14 west, where their outcrops are
about a mile apart, and each has a dip of
80 degrees east. On this basis, if the beds
are not faulted, about 5000 feet of strata
lie between them. If it is so far below
the Newport bed and widely developed, It
may underlie the whole of the "Westport
arch. It has not been definitely recog
nized in any other part of the coal field
beyond that already noted, although It Is
probable that it! may yet be positively
identified farther south. This basin was
extensively prospected in 1897.
The Coqullle Basin.
"The Coqullle basin embraces the coal
beds extending from the town of Coqullle
southward, past Harlocker Hill, to the up
per portion of Hall Creek. These coals
have been prospected at Coqullle and Har
locker Hill, near the river, but they have
not yot proved of sufficient value to be
worked.
"Pitch Coal."
"In the mine at Newport, and In the
Old Ferry mine at RIverton a dark
H If
MEN MADE STRONG
Consult This Old Doctor Thirty Years Curing Men.
TrAFTUf Hil'T",T wno are suffering irom tne cnects or yotnmui errors,
Y 1 1 1 I HJ l-r iVIHfl among others showing some of the following symp
JL 1 U 11 U. ATAJ-rlt tomJ. Nervons and Physical Debility, Varicocele.
Losses, ExhaHStesJ Vitality, Confusion sf Heas, Dull and Loss of Brilliancy t
the Eye Aversion to Society, Despondency, Pimples on the Face, Loss of
Energy and Frequency of Urinating. A POSITIVE and PERMANENT cure is
ALWAYS GUARANTEED by OUR "New Method Treatment." You may be in
tho first stage, but remember you are fast approaching the last. Do not let falso
pride and sham modesty deter you from attending to your agonizing ailments.
Many a bright and naturally gifted young man. endowed with genius, has permitted
his caso to run on and on, until remorse racked his intellect, and finally death
claimed Its victim. Remember that "PROCRASTINATION IS THE THIEF OF
TIME." The asylum awaits you.
MIDDLE-AGED MEN X"r:
turely old as a result of excesses or youthful follies,
and who are troubled by too frequent evacua
tions of the bladder, often accompanied by a
slight smarting or burning sensation, deposits of
ropy sediment in the urine, and sometimes small
particles of albumen, the color first of a thin or
milkish hue and again changing to a dark and
torpid appearance, causing nervous debility and
loss of vitality, Remember, this Is the second
stage of LOST VITALITY. In all such cases n
perfect cure that remains cured is guaranteed.
Consultation at office or by mail free and invited.
Hundreds ot men have this troublesome condition and don't? know it. Dr. Kes
ler can refer to hundreds he has cured, and they are well satisfied. No cutting' or
pain.
Call today, or write full particulars. Always enclose 10 2-cent stamps.
DR. J. HENRI KESSLER
Corner Seeend sbb Ynmhlll Streets. PORTLAND, OREGOHT.
brown, coaly subsfanco. commonly kni
In that region as "pitch coal." occurs" as
sociated with the lignite. It is brittle,
and readily Ignites with a match, yielding
an odor like that of burning asphalt. At
Newport it forms vertical seams and
sometimes passes directly through por
tions of the coal bed. In chemical com
position, as well as in Its other proper
ties, it appears to be asphalt rather than
coal. Investigations tend to show that it
has been derived from petroleum. While
the presence of "pitch coal" in Oregon
offers Interesting suggestions with refer
ence to the occurrence of petroleum, too
little Is known of the facta to warrant
any predictions."
FOUGHT FOR THE ACID.
"Wife, Holding: Infant in Arms, Tried
to Drink Poison.
Husband and wife had a fearful struggle
last night for possession of a bottle of
carbolic acid. The wife held a child two
months old In her arms. While they
struggled the bottle upset, and the acid
spilled over father, mother and babe,
burning their necks and faces. The moth
er and child are In the Harlem Hospital,
the mother as a patient and prisoner,
says the New York Press.
The man is Edward Touhey, a driver,
of No. 345 East One Hundred and Twenty
first street. When he got home last night
he showed the signs of liquor. The wife,
Henrietta, who is 24 years old, upbraided
him, and he replied angrily. She cried
and declared that he was not true to her,
and that she felt like dying.
The woman took the baby Edward,
named after the father, out of the cradle,
and while weeping walked up and down
the floor, meantime telling her husband
that he was ill-treating her. although she
had tried her best to do her share in the
housekeeping. She seemed to make up her
mind suddenly about taking the acid, for
she ran to a bureau and drew out the bot
tle. Touhey jumped up and seized his wife.
She had taken a swallow of the poison
before he caught hold of the bottle. She
held it tightly and held the baby all the
time while she and her husband struggled
around the room. The woman's strength,
exceeded Touhey's for a time, and he
could not get the bottle away from her.
In the violence of the struggle the bottle
would turn over so far at times that
some of the acid would spill, and tho
baby's face suffered terribly. It also
spilled over the husband's face, neck and"
hands and over the woman's face, neck,
arms, shoulders, breast and hands. She
tried every once In a while to drink tha
poison, and sometimes would get tho bot
tle up to her face when it would be
spilled over her In the effort of the hus
band to prevent her from killing herself.
The woman's screams, the baby's cries
and the husband's pleading with her not
to kill herself alarmed the tenants.
"Don't do it, Hetty!" they heard him
yelling, whllo the wife's and baby's
shrieks' attracted a large crowd.
Patrolman Grady, of the East One Hun
dred and Twenty-sixth-street police sta
tion, found tho man and woman on the
floor, the woman still holding the baby '
in her arms, her husband leaning over her.
The woman In a final effort had wrenched
her arm free from her husband's grip and
had thrown the contents of the bottle into
her husband's face He was burned se
verely. Grady made the woman a prisoner and
had her taken to the Harlem Hospital
after Dr. Bivlns had dressed her and the
child's and her husband's injuries. The
woman's condition Is serious.
The Poor Heathen.
Let us go and And tho heathen; let us talcs
him by tho hand;
Let us take his evil from him; let us also take
his land;
Let us break It to him gently that It's wrong
to bo so nude.
And inculcate proper notions of the style as
It's pursued.
Let us show him all the glories of the white
man's kingdom come.
And, by way of Introduction, sell him lota of
white man's rum, -
Let us seek our heathen brother In benighted
lands afar.
And Impress him with the wrongness of his
habits as they are;
Let us guide him slowly, surely, till he's nobly
civilized.
And has banished all his foibles, all his fan
cies, so despised;
Let ui show him how he's destined to go for
ward with a Jump,
Lest our grand, resistless progress take blm
'midship with a bump.
Let us teach him that the bolo and tho dag
ger are not right '
When the seven-shooter follows up Its barking
with a bite;
Let us bring to him the gospel of the shirt,
and full dress suit.
And the glad and glorious tidings of the proper
shoe or boot; '
Let us lift the poor old heathen from the bog
wherein he sticks, ,
And explain to him the beauties of the gam
of politics. .
Thus we'll labor with the pagan till he under-!
stands our ways i
And will ponder with a shudder on his old
unhappy days.
"We will stock his land with clothing, we will ,
dot It with golf links.
And he'll hall the architecture of the home of.
fancy drinks;
And we'll get the glory for It for the good
that we will do I
All the grand, impresslvo glory and we'll get
his money, too.
Baltimore American.
Tho Eastern Canadian seacoast. from tho
Bay of Fundav to the Straits of Belle Isle,
covers a distance of 5000 miles, and British
Columbia, with Its multitude of bays and
mountainous little islands, has a seacoast or
7180 mllps. and a salt water inshore area, not
Including minor indentations, of U00 square
mlle.
SYPHILIS !
and all
Private Diseases
In the First, Second
and Third Stages
OURED
by his
"NEW METHOD TREATMENT"