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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (Nov. 4, 1900)
THE SUNDAY OBEGOIsIAN, PORTLAND, NOVEMBER '4, 1900. S2 MOVEMENTS OF POWERS IN CHINA United States Steamer Monocacy Crowded With Refugees When Fired Upon byTaku Forts. Else Would Have Taken Part in Reduction of Latter Waldersee'-s Arrival. SE5ANG-HAI. China, Sept. 20. Not only Is North China at the present time the "rery doubtful as to whether the powers most cosmopolitan military community tho world ha ever seen, but the warships will hold their troops here, makes It relations 61 the whole world disturbed for years. It Is not believed hero that England and the United States will con sent to any scheme that will ruin, their trade during such a movement. Logical Solution. Just what Count "Waldersee will do 13 watched at tho short range of Shanghai, Tien Tsln and all Joreign China with the keenest of Interest. Men are discussing It and arguing about it In the hotels and In the clubs, just as the people of tho United States are arguing with each oth er "for the good of their country," over Eventually it of every leading power now off Taku af ford a. view which is tho most cosmopol itan. In a naval sense, ever observed. It would be almost Impossible to make a aro now in harmony, and if the Count should decide upon doing either one thing 3,0 Presidential eleotlon. or the other, cs to whether his authority is flrmlr believed, every tub will have to Would be recognized. Since his appoint- stand on its own. bottom, and Count ment, the position at Shanghai has j "Walderseo will find his occupation as changed, for England has announced her Commander-in-Chief of the allied troops t Intention of defending the Settlement gone. satisfactary panorsmio picture of tnc dItlons u j and to back thls j man Consul and ay offlclals, that the up, has concentrated a large fleet here t German Government Is very much dls- and landed a large number of troops. pleased -with the United States, for not As the Commander-in-Chief, the Field aereelnjr with Germany In her policy in .aiarsnaj, is supposed to nave aDsoiute TALLAGE IS HOME AGAIN DISCUSSES MATTERS OBSERVED BY HIM ABROAD. great ships, as they He moored in plain view, but badly scattered In every direc tion. Some of the ships are many miles away, tho nearest port of land being at the mouth of the Pel Ho, IS miles from Taku. The country, being flat and level, there are no iillls in the distance to give a glimpse of land from some of them, even on a clear day. I recently had a long talk with Admiral Romey and Flag Lieu tenant Shipley, aboard the Brooklyn. They are very much amused at some of the newspapers' stories, telling about j that England's policy in tho Chinese cri tho allied fleets firing upon the Taku forts & has not been strong and firm enough. ana many expressions or regret are heara control, and if he should decide that Eng land must withdraw from both Shanghai and Pekln. the question is whether she would comply. In view of the present unsettled condition of affairs, what would she do. It is the opinion of tho best Informed people here, citizens, army and naval officers, n,ot Britishors, that she would decline, in the most positive terms to budge, ilost Britishers here believe tho allied fleets firing upon Juno 17. "The newspapers seemed to think the fleet steamed right up within the range of the forts, when we cannot get within 08 miles of them," said the Admiral. The fact is that even small lighters have to wait for high tide before attempting to ascend the serpentine, muddy and miser able Pel Ho Riven Tho oldest ship in the United States Navy, a. small, side-wheeled, wooden boot, tho Monocacy, is stationed at Tong Ku, some 20 or 30 miles away. Tho Monocacy Jms been in China waters for more than '30 years. She is the only United States eblp that could have taken part in the "bombardment of tho Taku forts. I took "tiffin" onboard her the other day, and it was tho fifit real meal I have had in China. Captain Wise took me out to show tho damage the ship had received, which rwos by a shell from one of the forts. The missile demolished coo of the Monocacy'B email boats, and went clear through tho Jiold, Just abovo the wator-llne. No one was hurt and complete repairs have now boon made. "While this was the only shot that struck tho Monocacy, tho flro at and Ground her was severe. Refugees Aboard. I eald to Captain "Wis: "Do you mean to convey the idea that you kept your Buns silent, because our ships were to take no action in bombarding the forts at the mouth of and along the river, even though you were being fired upon ana about to bo destroyed?" 'iSuch on idea seems to havo gotten out," replied the Captain, "but let me Bay this to you. Had it not been for the fact that tho Monocacy was crowded with 67 Refugees, men, women and children, we, f course, would have opened fire, but to &oep in the safest places with the refugees and protect them was our first duty." This is all that prevented the Monocacy from partiolpating in the fight against the forts. As it was, tho British gunboat Algerlne and the German gun boat litis deserve all the credit for driv ing the Chinese out of tho forts along the Pel Ho, between Pong Ku and Taku. There were 10,000 Chinese troops stationed in tho forts. The acUon of tho two gun boats mentioned. In steaming boldly down tho river to where they could get effective range, saved not only themselves, but all tho allied marines stationed along the river. There was no help possible from tnc( big worships, IS miles off at anchor. Tho six Russian, ono Japanese and one French, torpedo-boats, for some reason, refused to join the Algerino and litis. In making an attack on the river forts. The British gunboat" "Whiting had her boilers damaged by a shell, and the Russian gun boat Guillak had her ammunition maga zine blown, up. Had it not been for the action taken by the representatives of the powers, in delivering the ultimatum to tho Chinese Imperial troops in the Pei Hb forts and bombarding them on Juno 17, there would not have been a single for eigner in Tien Tsln or Pekln living today, very gunboat and torpedo-boat in the rlvdr would have been destroyed, for tho Chinese were mining the river with dy namite, preparatory to blowing up the craft. Tho British captured four splendid Chi nese torpedo-boat destroyers, built recent ly, after tho most modern pattern. They Immediately offered one to the United States Commander, ono to Germany and one to Russia, with the idea of keeping one themselves. Germany and Russia accepted, but Admiral Remey, on behalf Of the United States, declined with thanks. Japan was then given the boat 'intended for the United States. llard to Land Supplies. It would be difficult to give an idea of the trouble In landing soldiers, horses tand army supplies of all kinds" from tlTe amy transports of all nations, at Taku. do transport con get nearer than within (IS miles of Taku. Wnen tine tide is high. light-draft boats, towing lighters, steam tout to the transports, and all supplies. including horses, have to be transferred to the lighters. After the latter are .loaded, they have to wait for high tide before starting for the mouth of tho Pei Ha la an hour after passing Into tho river, the lighter, if she has not stuck In the mud and has had good luck, should be at Tong Ku. Here the unloading process is gone through wlth the army stores ore housed at Tong Ku. and the horses and men are transferred to the railway, to o into camp at Tien Tsln and await orders. T4ie work of handling tho sup pttes for a large army requires great ex. ecKtive ability. It is acknowledged that the United States Army has the best organisation for handling supplies, of any of the armios. Our soldiers arc by far the best fed and best clothed of any -array in the world. A group of British officers jld to me, in the club at Tien Tfin, the other day: "Since observing how well your army 1b provided for oat here, we don't un derstand why there were such complaints as we read about during your war wltl Spain." Major DeVoe came up from Manila as CMef Commissary for our army in China, but ho has been transferred, in tho same capacity, to the Department of the Ixist, with headquarters on Governor's Island, Jew York. Major Gallagher, of tho regu lars, an old resident of Council Bluffs, la., is now at the head of tho United States Commissary department In China. Von "Wnldersee's Arrival. Count Von "Woldersee, the newly ap pointed Command er-ln-Chlef of the al lied forces, upon his arrival here today eet the military officers of alt nationali ties conjecturing and speculating as to what his position will turn out to be. In. faet. this is the one great topic throughout North China at the present time. At tho time he was agreed upon as the commander of the forces, the cap ture of Ties Tsln had not been accom plished, and from all accounts that were at hand, it was thought the seige of Pekin would be a very long one. as It was reported the Chinese had a large and wail-drilled army, which it would be difficult to overcome. Instoad of this, tho advance on and capture of Pekln was really a walkover, and as the powers had announced that their only object was to relieve the Legations, and that has been accomplished, no one can lmagne just what the Count is expected to do. The foot that Russia and otbor powers, lnotuatBg tae united states, nave in nouaoed that they intend toromove their that Salisbury is so advanced in years and lacks tho vigor of days gono by. Every movemont that Russia has made in North China indicates that sho pro poses to hold on to every foot of terri tory she has acquired, and as sho has already taken possession of all the rail ways and driven, out the representatives of the British bondholders, it is evident that sho proposes to add tho aforesaid railways to her praaent system, thus making her position in North China un assailable and virtually giving her pos session, of all the territory from Port Arthur to Vladlvostock. It does not seem to make any difference to her that the powers have announced that there shall bo no division of China; Russia, in all probability, has already token all that sho desires, and tho opinion of every one here is that she will keep it all, includ ing the railways o North China. It Is certain that France will not object, and Germany agrees to Russia holding Man churia. Difficult Situation. Tt thus remains with England, Japan and the United States to determine whether they will Insist upon the agree ment made between the powers being carried out; but it is feared that there is not much hope of this, for it would probably mean a war, in which the three last-named powers would hesitate to en gage. At the present time England is not Jn a position to embark In a Conti nental war: the United States does not want one, and Japan Is likely to hesl- durability. China. Most Germans become terriDiy excited when talking upon, this subject. In the meantime business la paralyzed. J. MARTIN MHiiBR. FROM HEAD TO FOOT. The most usual fault to bo found with- a morning coat is that it is cut away too much over the hips. The idea of this is to moke the coat look Bmart. but in nine cases out of ten a coat that is cut away in this fashion is tho most unbe coming coat that it is possible to get. This season ordinary sack or loungo coats should have one outside breast pocket. Seamless back in lounge coats are distinctly bad form. The "box-backs" have never received, tho approval of tho best-dresssed men, except for driving. At an afternoon wedding the groom, best man and ushers Bhould wear frock coats, worsted trousers of rather somber or medium tone, and white double-breasted waistcoat. The gloves should be of pearl white, with self-stitching, and the scarf of the culross form and of gray white barathea. , When ordering a fancy suiting, it la well to secure an extra pair of trousers, to be worn alternately. Seo that they are creased back and front, as pro nouncedly as ever. By the way, for cycling and golfing it is Just as important to havo your cap made to match your suit by a gooa nai ter. as it is to have the suit itself made by a good tailor. The cap Inside shouHT havo a brow band of soft, dork-brown, leather, and the best of them are not .lined, 'but tho seams bound with silk. Three small air vents should bo mado in the center of the crown, and neatly buttonholed with silk. I read that khaki has been rdopted by the Frenoh, as the chic color for the shooting season. Linen mash underwear of superior qual ity is excellent for health, comfort and Contrasts English. "VVIth American Election Customs Unfavorably to Former His Plans. NEW YORK, Nov. 3. Rev. Br. T. De "Witt Tolmage, editor of the Christian Herald, is home, after six months of con stant travel in Europe, having arrived by the Oceanic "Wednesday. Ho was hale and hearty, and quit ready to talk of his experiences abroad. Ho hod consid erable to say of the recent election In Great Britain, and, in his characteristic way, vigorously compared, its conduct with tho methods followed in American political campaigns, greatly to tho ad vantage of tho latter. "When asked if Europeans evince much interest In the present contest between Bryan and Mc Klnley, he replied: "In England, yes, and Britishers will fact that it is oft tho good that men do that lives after them. "Tn Sttotip. in "Wales. I ureached the 111th anniversary sermon in tho Countess of Huntington's Church. The Countess established the church In 1789, and died two years later. ' But still tho church, as well oa many others that sho founded, selling her Jewels, in some instances, to provide the necessary funds, is doing a grand and noble work. 'Again, I preached in John Wesley's church, in, London. "Wesley himself lay In his grave just beside tho church walls. His grandson played the organ. This church Is the mother of the "Wesleyan churches in England, and Is the greatest religious power In England, next to the Established Church. The churches aro all, doing a great service to humanity, showing that the good that John "Wesley did Is not Interred with his bones, but lives after him. "That line of Shakespeare's is pessimis tic. Now pessimism doesn't pay. Tho pessimist is himself most likely to decay young, to die early. The man who is always decrying things, pulling things down, asserting that the world is going to tho dogs, is usually himself the first to fall. He pulls things down upon Mb own head, and perishes amid his own pessimism. Tho man who thinks pure thoughts, lives a good life, acts as his conscience and not as his pocket dictates. mmm s XtiSdiiBf': nEra3ioe ztf- iM. JHU-CHOW-YEN t .. 'tl MnnuaiA rernonlail' Rites of Curjous Significance Which IjrenJSwHi Caucasians Call "Burning the Devil," but Which Sons of Confucius Otherwise Designate. The Portland Chinese havo Just con cluded tho celebration of their great an nual religious ceremony of Dar-Jhu-Chow-Yen, or Gain-Jhu-Chow-Yen, as somo call it. To ail Celestials who havo not abandoned ancestral beliefs to accept tho creed of the Christian, this event Is ono of most sacred, significance. It has a depth and meaning for the' Chinaman which the white man cannot understand nor appreciate. Tho latter, long ajo, jumping at conclusions, denominated tho rites which mark tho celebration of'Gain-Jhu-Chow-Ycn as those of "Burning the Devil." Tho 'IMellcan man," in. his Ignor ance, is perhaps excusable for-using, tho sacriMgious appellation, bufcertaln.it is that no Belf-respecting Chinaman, true to the teachings of Confucius or Buddha, or a follower after the tenets of Taoism, FAR-FAMED OLD MONOCACY. tato before attempting to oppose Russia, France and Germany. England, the United States and Japan control fully 5 per cent of tho trade of China, but If A double collar 13 not eligible neckwear for evening dress, or with a frock coat. Tt 1b not correct to wear gold studs or links with evening dress. The studs and Russia and Germany conclude to take all links must be of mother of pearl or whlto the territory north of the Yangtse River, j enamel. and Franco extends her territory on the Broadly speaking. It may be said mat southern border, the first-named powers Jewelry of any kind Is unnecessary for Wo will do well to abandon trading In China well-dressed man. A plain gold or signet altogether. ring may be worn on tho third or lourtn To effect such a grab, Russia might t finger in the evening; never in the morn- agree to the "ooen door" for all her new ing. You may carry goia ana. uyr w territory, but it will be remembered that this same promise was made for the L'ao tung " Peninsula, although the world knows today that the "open door" has a snap lock on. it, and that Russia holds , the key. Under such conditions, can any ono believe that Count von "Wolder see can direct the allied troops In har mony or to the satisfaction of the contest ing elements? I have interviewed military officers, naval men and representative business people here upon this subject, and the ono opinion is that such a thing is impossible. The consensus of opinion Is that matters are certain to become more complicated from week to week, and month to month. A high German official now In Shanghai, but whooo name cannot bo given, for obvious reasons. Bald to me: "Count von "Waldersee's mission is In tended to be on different lines from those first announced. The object Is not merely the liberation of foreigners In Pekln, but tho complete subjection of the Chinese forces. Until this Is accomplish ed and peaco definitely concluded, not by dlplomaltlsts. but by the military Commander-in-Chief, tho troops of all nationalities will be subject to the Count's authority. He ' will have the right to dismiss officers guilty of Nd's obedlence and to summon court-martial the tuno of hundreds of dollars. In tho shape of cigarette cases arm matcn boxes. Such are the flno distinctions of smart society. ""V'rirrw' .VTlVood toe more than ever interested, now that bad or indifferent, the idea of the thing their own fierce election Is over. The Y r , , "r t ;. rKtr,a -win tor- contrast between a campaign here and Is not pleasing. UJ? one In England Is tho contrast between ture the bodies necks ' f ?! order and chaos, between good nature in what condition yl Jfce bodies necks T'he h ri minmnmik JR. between the candidates for seats In Par- hands? BEAU BRUaiilL,. J. 11nt ost .,,,, exeitinfr event Tho best men in England were engaged in It. But, at nearly all the public meet ings, the candidates, no matter which side they represented, were hooted and Jeered at and. In somo cases, driven from the platform. "Tho attack on Roosevelt, In Colorado, wrfB a mere detail compared to the venomous words that were flung at the speakers and tho disorder and violent breaking up of meetings in England. Men like Xord George Hamilton were called liars and cowards in open meeting, and were forcibly -proven ted from finish ing their speeches. English. Fair Play. The night I left Liverpool for Ireland, eight political meetings were reported, at not oaa of which could the speakers get the ears of their howling, scoffing SH&i 'if ill 1 Jl mvl 1 lltt filsBIl yfei f'L 1 t -K 2fr Mill WXM$&kl Im Ti4!lH Siv ) jf slB$ iff J lSli &xlrl v Hl HKCS1l ml IIP 4SttjNiH,i VmnEB TTrMaWTT -y yi'f''TypTKmlKmKBFMUffFrmKmWImmmtii t 2vC Ti. 'taukulu j . Tt"ii ' i . .9fr Y IfrftMaw area$VT?3Jo1 ti VK, jclttftaVofr "fEiafcl " jjTOfrb?slsaiM . Hff"aTailfiffii3WatiMnli l;SSaaBt:'5laH!aaBMiiJL 'ai 1 1 ffFlfrT-ff?T?S3wtfi W jfVAtBrSS i i TEfaaaWlBfTTTTIwnPtTTTWFr II I in -: TJWCIiE SAM'S "WOODEN "SIDE-WHE ELER," IN CHINESE "WATERS FOR 'I'WKJi'CT YEARS. Rural Philosophy. Al Stoehr, while spending last Summer In the country, boarded at the residence of an. old granger In Clermont County, who had decided views of his own on every subject under the sun. One day a lightning rod peddler camo along and persuaded the old man to allow him to affix rods on one of his barns. The old fellow owned two barns, and had light ning rods put upon one building as an experiment. The second day after the rods were placed In position a heavy August thun derstorm swept over that part of tho country, and a flash of lightning rent the sky and the bolt struck one of tho now rods. The barn was not injured in tho least, and the farmer wept for Joy. AIDED IN REDUCING PEI HO RIVER FORTS. live tho healthiest life and lives the longest." "Wore you not entertained In several countries by royalty?" tho doctor was asked. "Yes," he replied, "but I prefer not to talk on that topic My meeting with some of the rulers of the world was In every way delightful, but I was received as a private Individual." ' "When asked his plans for the Imme diate future. Dr. Tolmage said: "Most of my time will be given to my editorial work, although I shall fill pulpit engage ments in "Washington, Chicago, Cincin nati, Boston, Philadelphia, Canada and the South. "Above all," concluded the eminent preacher, "the emotion that dominates my heart Is one of thanksgiving that I am homo again. Every man who lives un der the American flag ought to go on his knees every morning and thank God that: his home is here, and that he lives under' a Republican, rather than a mon archical form of government." Dr. Talmage returned to his home in "Washington, U'nursday night. GJJJSON WILJjETS. The litis. German gnnboat, which did ouch effective work m the bombardment of the Pei Ho River forts at Tongka and Taku, Juns IT last. Hor captain. Ianher. was promoted by Emperor "William to tho highest Tank in th German Admiralty for his performances on that occasion. to tho present troops from Pokln, wbllo others eoy they J time. Furthermore, It jrould keep tho In aggravated cases. He will amalga mate bodies of troops of different na tionalities and regulate the transport service on a common basis, so that tho provisions of ono contingent may be -appropriated for another, in cose of nce3" srlty. His instructions provide for the permanent occupation of the mest im portant Chinese centers until the pow ers are completely reimbursed for the expenses of the war." To most observers here who have lived in China for many years it seems prepos terous that Germany believes the jwwers would agree to a military settlement of the Chinese Question. Suoh a course, the people here believe, would unquestionably mean an uprising in all China that It would take yeara to crush. The loss In trade alone from such a course, not to speak of the enormous expenses of the war. would amount to more than the indemnities claimed, up to the "That saves me money, be goshl" he ex claimed. "Of course It does," answered Stoehr. "I suppose you'll have rods put upon the other bam at once?" "Not by a dern sight!" answered the old man. "I'm goln' to have them rods moved over to th other barn. IJghtnin' never strikes twice in the same place, y know!" Cincinnati Enquirer. Little Margaret had said her prayers, and her momma was tucking her in to leave her to hor slumbers when the child begged that mamma would not leave her alone. "WTiy, Margaret,' said mamma, sooth ingly, but surprised at this unexpected demand, "you know you are never alone, for God is always with you." "Yes," rejoined the small maiden, doubtfully, "I know; but mamma, I'd rather havo somo of- mxJffaJl.'relaons., Woman's Homo C( audiences. Every speaker that night was compelled to be content With delivering his speech simply to the newspaper press. Now, in America, each' party gives the speakers of the opposing -party a chance. If an American voter does not- like the opposition platform he stays quietly away from the meetings, and hence the orderly, good-natured, audiences common to our political gatherings. ""As for the feeling inIreland, I found that the people are more content there than they have been for many years. Tho Queen's visit accomplished a won drous amount of good. There will be no open disaffection among the Irish vfor a long time to come, at least not on the old political grounds. "During my Journey X found a complete refutation of the saying that Shakespeare puts Into Antony's mouth? The avil that men do lives after them, out the good is oft interred with their bones. I will -tsimply give you two illustrations ot tho .THE "WINGLESS BIRD. Once when the worlfi was young (So run3 the legend), ere this green old earth To any ptrfect thing1 had given birth, That Master Mind, whoso marvelous Intent No lesser mind can fathom, being bent On the oxpresslon of somo radiant thought. That Into visible substance might bo wrought; Shaped in his hands, of dust, and cloud, and dew, Some rare, bright birds of beauteous form and hue. Yet, what a lot was theirs I Perfect they were in every part, except. Having no wings, they could not soar, but crept, A'ld eaaz and built and reared, each wlnIiw brood Upon the ground, and vaguely understood Something amiss, when, from the forest trees. They saw the Autumn leaves fly In the breeze; Or scanned tho lofty hills and mountain range. With longings. Inarticulate and strange. Allen they seemed to be. As thoae who year by year do sadly roam Through a strange land, yet cannot call It home. And sometimes, when the clouds hung low and white. And resting on come distant mountain height. Threw out fair, beckoning fingers, then the might Of a blind Instinct swept through all thMr slight, Frafi bodies, and a sudden, strong desire To rise, to mount, filled all their veins with fire. Again the Master cam, - Finding his beauteous work still Incompl'ts, And bringing with hlm-roh, mort rare and sweett The gift of wings. Tet how the highest soort That Heaven can give may be mlsundemtaodt Slowly and heavily along tho ground They dragged. In pain, their useless wings around. "Why give to us," they sold, "these burdens sore? v " Tls but to hold us down to earth tho mere." I Till one, by pain made bold. Clearer of Instinct, too, perchance, than tbtte. Essayed to spread his wings. and: on the Irene Bose up from earth far up, until he twung A tiny speck, the billowy clouds amorif. Then his dazed comrades watched nls sudden flight With hope new born, and trembling d!ight: Learning, at last, how they were meant orise On the scorned pinions to their native skies. Poor, wingless birds are we! Who build our paltry nests upon the earth; And toll, and love, and sorrow, and give birth To other restless eouls, yet ever turn Our eyes toward where the lamps of H.nvtn burn; Knowing by that high Instinct nothing bars Our kinship to the dwellers of 'he stars I Shall we. too. murmur when amid the stings And pains of earth. Death brings t: tis our wings? Eva B. IMls-bury. Portland, Or., Oct. 14, 1000. City Editor Evidently you didn't get a very close view of Nookash's Summer place. Reporter Not very close. "Why? City JJdltor You refer to It as "a mag nificent marble pile," whereas it's a frame house. Reporter Is It? Just cross out "mar ble," then, and Insert "wood" PhJladol jphla Press. would presume to so call the ceremony. Burning the devil is not in his line.' The principal Joss House in Chinatown, Portland, is located on Second street, near Pine. Prior to the occasion whose celebration has just closed, it was a busy place. The ounnlng handiwork 'of skilled workmen transformed crude ma terials into weird combinations. Bits of cane and bamboo, pieces of colored paper, together with papier-mache heads of Ti tanic proportions entered into the com position of objects "fearfully and won derfully made." In the Impressive si lence of the temple, beneath tho search ing, never-sleeping eye of Gwan Gung, the Great Joss, the artisans wrought. The almost sepulchral gloom of the place Is Impressive. The smokeless lamps of nut-oil upon the altars, like an other Parsee shrine, are ever burning as Jealously guarded as was the sacred flame in the temple of the holy vestal virgins. From ornamental vases, filled with ashes of countless sacrifices, the tiny, upright sticks of punk and sandal wood are ever whltehing into ash, undr the slow-conEumlng fire. The air is red olent with their Incense. Hedged In the sacred fane the awful Joss reposes. Be fore him, on the altar, are placed the of ferings of food and drink. Significance of" Event. The Gain-Jhu-Chow-Yen festival is .one whose significance is important. Tha main celebration of the event, which be 'gan November 1, terminated yesterday, in the 26th year of the reign of Kwong Hsu, the hapless Chinese Emperor, whisa throno is now usurped by Tsi An. It !s peculiar that the festival Is not always celebrated, necessarily, on the same days. In various localities, the days of the .ceremony are chosen by special commit tees, subject, of course, to the approval qf the particular Joan who holds spir itual sway in a given locality. But the days set apart must, under ancient cus tom, always fall within the ninth mon.h of the Chinese year. It may assist the reader to comprehend what Gain-Jhu-Chow-Yen signifies to consider, etymologlcally, this compound term. Freely rendered, "Galn-Jhu" Indi cates that the living are, especially at this time, to minister to the wants ani necessities of the spirits of the departe-1. More broadly yet, those having life and plenty feed the needy and destitute, in the true spirit of charity, also at lhl3 time. "Chow-Yen." is equivalent to a general thanksgiving to the Supreme Be ing for all th blessings of life. The period devoted to the celebration of tho annual ceremonies of Galn-Jhu-Chow-Yen varies In different localities. It may last but a day and a night. Again, it may continue for three days and night", anJ, In. some Instances, for seven days and as many nights. The time devoted to the celebration is largely dependent upon the amount of money available for tho purpose. Its Celebration Here. Among the Portland Chinese tho cele bration continued three days and nights. The main ceremonies occurred In the Second-Street Joss House, although all of them were by no means confined to its four walls. Tho night preceding the formal opening of the festival, when the arrangements were finally completed, seemed not unlike the Christmas Eve of the white people. The money for the affair was raised by popular subscription. Blanks were circulated, and amounts varying from J5 cents up to $25, $30 and even 5100, were obtained. Ten committees had the ar rangements in charge. The leading Chi nese merchants, the proprietors of res taurants and the head men of the lodges took a hand in tho preparations. Prac tically all the Portland Chinamen yet true to the faith of their ancestors, whether In the city or absent at can neries, or elsewhere, contributed. Some J200O was thus raised. Tho subscribers who "contributed the largest sums elthor the first, second, third or fourth high estwere entitled to tho privilege of as sisting the priests an honor they eager ly sought. Visitors, upon entering tho Josshouso during the celebration passed between two huge figures, standing guard at either side of the portal silent and grim. On a of these, tricked out in impressive at tire, renresented a trreat warrior. At his i f sat their croucbel a tiger,, which. esxa him as a footstool. This-Herculean. tinel was typical of physical prowess. The other massive figure woo of high rank. Ho was tho Cultured One. His feat found a. resting place upon a dragon, and be stood for the highest typo of intellect ual strength and wisdom. Theso two figures, each towering to the height of 12 feet were well calculated to Impress visJ- l tors with a sense of their own Insignif icance. St. Paul says: "There are also celes tial bodies and bodies terreatlal" a. faoi which tho Chinese firmly believe. It Is perfectly natural to .suppose that the, spir its celestial in whoso honor tha festival just post was celebrated, should desire to communicate with the living. For this end. horses, made of paper and ridden by paper couriers, were provided. To tho couriers' keeping were confided message--between the living and tne dead. They were tho mediums of transmission be tween the visible and the invisible worlds. To be sure, in their own proprlae por sonae, horses and drivers could never flna 1 th'eir way along the dubious highway be- mtuu una aeiaer ana tne upper wutiu. Transmitted, by Fire. To hoIvo this difficulty, tho Oriental mind, long ages ago, found a way. Trans muted by fire upon tho altars, steeds, rid ers and missives enter space. That they reach the destined goal, the Chinaman never doubts. His faith in this is un shaken. Three priests or nom-mors, as sist In this rite of incineration. Unlike Christian priests, tho Chinese nom-mors do no preaching. Their duties aro comprised in an almqst endless rouna of ritual and chant. During the Gain-Jhu-Chow-Yen festival these proceedings aro especially observed, with punctilious and painstaking exactness. Every day the nom-mors read aloud the names ot all the contributors of funds for the oc casion, and offer up prayers for the for giveness ot their sins. There were, as well, the prostrations before the altar. In tho spirit of humility and worship. Tho droning chants, tho burning of the san dalwood and punk sticks all served to pro pitiate the Joss, no doubt. It must not be forgotten that the priests buried many packages of "kal-chln." This Is -make-believe paper money, of a grayish-brown hue. In some mysterious way. In ghostly alchemy, fire is supposed to change this "kal-chin" Into spirit mon ey. The devout Chinaman believes that the souls of the departed have need oi x circulating medium, tho same as the liv ing. He believes that they require food and drink, clothing, warmth and all the croaturo comforts, the same as when on earth. Then, of course, the Joss mus likewise bo provided for. Music accom panies all tho ceremonies. To all subscribers o tho Galn-Jhu-Chow-Yen, upon the payment of $2 50 each, was granted the privilege of suspending before their residences and places of busi ness. In Chinatown, paper lanterns. At various points, also, on Second street, from firmly fixed branches of fir, thero were, likewise, paper lanterns dangling over the heads of the passers-by. These were lighted every night. In order that visiting spirits might find their way to the josshouse, there to partake of the offerings of roast pig, chickens, pastry and the other good things prepared for their refreshment. Each morning the priests and their acolytes visited each of these lanterns. Before each they chanted and burned offerings. This was done fasting. Then came breakfast, follow ing which the regular day's exercises were begun, continuing until 1 o'clook next morning. This was the programme of tha first day. Second Day's Exercises. The second day a similar order of exer cises was carried out, supplemented by a novel feature,", occurring during the aft ernoon. The priests put up and snnctlflea a bridge of white cotton cloth. This was to afford the- spirits convenient egress from the unseen world. In connection with the ceremony, the priests solemnly chased one another about a proceeding amusing enough to those who did not un derstand its significance. At midnight the priestly cavalcade went out upon the street, headed by two musicians. Grave ly they marched to the river front, burn ing punk and setting up lights, lest some ghostly visitant should lose its way to the house of worship and of welcome. The exercises for the third and last day and night were the mdst impressive of all. In addition to the rogular cere monies, at 9 o'clock In the evening two small figures were burned. One of these represented a young virgin and the other a young lad, as yet unsmlcched by sin. Into their gullelers keeping were commit ted messages to the departed spirits. They carried a final invitation to the fes tival. The spirits were Informed that Its closing hours were approaching, and of all the ceremonies In their honor. To the onlooker at all these weird performances this transplanted bit of Oriental life Into an Occidental setting there was occasion for much curious speculation. Tho coming on of the closing rites was heralded by the bringing down upon tha street from the josshouse of two altars. Reverently Gwan Gung, the chief Jons, was carried down and given the place of honor upon the larger altar. He was supposed not to have been easily per suaded to do this, but, yielding at length to the prayers of the faithful, to have consented, as an act of special gace. Be fore him were placed the altar ornaments and the sacrificial offerings. On the smaller altar, directly ooposlte, was placed Gom-Jal tho chief Mephlstopheles, or great head devil. Legend has it that ho was changed Into his present form from that of a woman. Slowly, and with proper decorum, the closing rites were carried out. For at least two hours the unusual-spectacle con tinued. The chilled spirits of thoso who died by drowning were warmed by gener ous fires of blazing wood. The nostrils were assailed by the fumes of burning opium, cigarettes and Joss paper, the odor of smoked meats, etc. Then camo the burning of a paper horse and rider, bearing messages to the spirit realm, to all those souls who could not attend the ceremonies. Final Ceremonies. As the grand finale there occurred the burning of the Image representing the sovereign demon Gom-Jai. Let the fact be reiterated, the head devil himself was not calcined out of existence. Only the image, supposed to afford a temporary abiding place for his spirit, was redqeed to ashes, in order to afford liberation to its inhabitant, that it might return from whence it came. This was alL The mora liberal of the subscribers to the festival gathered up all the offerings of food, cigarettes, etc.. to which custom entitles tnem, ana took them home. Tho Great Joss and all tho temple paraphernalia were returned to their places; the Urea died to ashea In the cold night air; the picturesquely garbed yellow men wore swallowed up by tho darkness, ono by one, and the scene became only one of memory. Tomorrow the Chinese Free Masons will give a similar- celebration at their Joss house on Second street, near Alder. The Moral of It. Here's an obituary notice In whlcli there's a whole sermon: He never knowed freedom v, From Borrow or sin; . Re fell by tha wayside, sul. ra up agini .iittsntartmflfTW
