18
THE SUNDAY OBEGOXIAX. ORTLA2sD,
4, 1SQ0.
REMINISCENCES OF PUGET SOUND
The Lynching of Macdaniels and Gibson, at Steilacoom, in 1870,
for Jumping the Claims of Settlers. -By
E. Huggins. ,
I am asked whether I know anything
about the Charlie Macdaalels-GibsGn
matter. Of course Id. I am very well
acquainted with all the facts of the case.
A detailed history of the bloody affair
would Involve & great deal" of writing;
besides, I do not think it policy to resur
rect the unfortunate occurrence, for the
reason that several of the men concerned
la tho -matter are aMve today, and are
among the most respectable of our hard
worklng, industrious farmers. However,
I will try to give a short account of the
occurence, and occupy as little time and
jjaper as possible.
Charlie Macdaniels came to this coun
try some time in the 8ls, when he was
quite a young man. He was not bad
looking, but aped the cowboy, gambling
etyle of man all he could. He was a j with them, I suppose, became unbear
GTeat gambler and swaggerer. He al- ' able. The threatened men again met,
ways carried a revolver and a knife in his I and calmly discuped tho situation. They
belt, and would quarrel with and often
insult people upon the least provocation.
.A. great lover of horse-racing, he ran
more than one race with the oast of the
mountains Indiana, on the prairie near
Fort Nisquall. Forty and fifty years
ago the Eastern Indians, from as far
as Colvllle and Spokane, would periodic
ally come across the Cascades in large
number, and trade and raee horses with
tho Sound Indians and any white men
Slaving a penchant for that kind of sport.
2'hysicaUy, Macdaniels was a fine figure
of man, tall, big chested and broad
ehouldered. He had -fair complexion and
light hair, which he wore in ringlets
around his head and shoulders. He could
not look one straight in tha face, and
had a shiftless, hang-dog appearance
"when approaching a respectable man.
In 1858 Macdaniels went to the Fraser
River gold mine, in company with a
Scotchman named Adam, and was asso
ciated with him in mining and gambling
transactions. Adams was another hard
case, an ex-Hudson's Bay Company's ser
vant, with whom 1 had rome trading
transactions. I recollect that I bought
two horses, stolen one, probably, from
Jilm Just before he left for Fraser River
It was reported that the two made quite
a li'tle pile, but Adams always insisted
upon carrying the .sack of dust, and re
fused to divide until they arrived in
Victoria This did. not suit Macdaniels,
k Just before thy reached New "West
minster, Macdaniels murdered Adams and
made for the Vpiwr Bound country with
the plunder. Macdaniels hung about
StelJacoom and Oiympia until he heard
that the Vancouver Island authorities
were after him with extradition papers.
He then put his case into the hands
of Frank Clarke, and suddenly disap
peared Clarke was quite a young man, and
with the lata Colonel William "Wallace
was the only lawyer In Pierce County
at that time. Smith, the Territorial Sec
retary, "was then the acting Governor of
"Washington. Clark, by some means un
known to the general public, succeeded
In inducing the Governor to deny the re
quest of the Colonial authorities, and
Macdaniels was never tried for th
Adams murder. Pending the settlement
of the extradition queetlon. Macdaniels
remained in biding. Before the case was
finally tiled. I was sent to Cowlitz to
take temporary charge of the company's
establishment on Cowlitz prairie. One
day, while I was riding on horseback
from the farm to the landing on the Cow
litz Rler, about five mtW, I -saw Mac
daniels on the edge of the timber. He
nas in hiding, nh1 if ever a man looked
guilty of murder, he did. Soon after
Clarke s magnetic eloquence succeeded,
and MacdanMs was soon showing him
self at his old haunts, and, if anything,
was a bigger bully than ever, and the
little Adams episode appeared not to trou
ble him at all.
Enrly Dny ViHnnies.
I find that aa usual with me when
writing on any of these old-time matters,
I hae wandered from my subject, and
become prolix, and, I fear, tiresome.
However, to revert to rav original theme.
About 1ST there were many settlers on
Nlsqually plains, and on the lands
claimed by the Puget Sound Agricultural
& Hudson's Bay Companies under the
treaty of 1M. betwen the United States
and Great Britain. The lands of the
English Puget Sound Company took In
all the prairie lands in the county ex
cept the prairie bordering the Puyallup
and "White Rivers, and a clause in the
donation act strictly forbade any one
from claiming under that act, lands
holden or claimed under the treaty of
1S4. The United States survevors always
stopped hort at 'tho boundary of the
lands claimed by tMs Snglish company,
and the Government, to save itjjelf from
injuring the company, paid a rental of
WW pr annum for a mile square or
ground used for military purposes and
upon hlh Fort Steilacoom was es
tabHshod. I collected, a agent for tho
companv. fft yar from the Govern
ment for Sfl years, rent from August
1!. until IMS. the date of the abandon
ment of the peat tor th military .i
tho settlement betwen the Government
and the Hudson's Bay & Puget Sound
Agricultural companies. Under puch a
state of things all the settlers on Xls
qually plains were bona fide squatters,
and, believing this to be true, MacDaniels
and two or three more of the same kid
ney made up their minds to Jump the
best of the farms claimed under the do
nation act.
Gibson, a newcomer, about whom noth
ing was known further than aomebody
had said he was a very bad man. was
persuaded by MacDaniels to Jump the
"Wren claim of W9 acre, or the Muck
Creek, then occupied by Fred Clark, an
old and very w?!i-kno.wn settler. Gibson
made bis rectdeoce upon the place, intend
ing, it was supposed, to be first upon
the place and In possession, after the
land had been surveyed by the Govern
ment and opened for settlement under
the pre-emption and homestead acts, as
it was thought by many people that the
original claimant's rights, under the do
nation act. would fee of no account, by
reason of the prohibitory clause In' the,
act Itself. The many other similar claim
ants upon the land in question became
alarmed and a meeting of settlers was
called. It was decided that a committee
of several farmers intending to claim
under both aeta should pas? a resolution
ordering Gibson aad another Jumper
Abljah O'Neal, who had Jumped a claim
originally taken by a man named Gra
vel le t move on.
The committee, composed of about -J
fanners, first visited O'Neal, told him
the object of their v.'fdt. and ordered him
tA vacate the premises,
O'Neal, eyeing the useieesness of par
leying packed his goods, got resuV his
conveyance, and in a abort time ws
ready to depart. The regulators e$co-ted
hlra arrow the boundary line cf th
rounty about three er four mile wr.
and ihere toft him. with very strict la
Junction not to return. They then pro
ceed o interview Wc. OUsson. bnt didn't
find him at heme. Some one In the pirty
propoeed that a written notice should he
left, notifying the Jumper that he flnuW
Immediately vacate the prmtecs ard
forthwith leave the county. This wss
done, and the regulators atllxed th-'r
XMMnea to the Instrument and nelled it
to the door of the house In which Mr.
Gibson, lived.
Soon after this H became known that
Mncdanlels and Gibson had ?wrn to rav?
revenge, and threatened to take the Mvrs
of the moat prominent mqn ef the ca
Tatktee. They went eae night to th
bouse of aiM of the commHtee, a preml- :
j pent man, tho father of a largx family,
J This man was on horseback when he
eaw the two miscreants riding towa-d
his house. He readily surmised their
purpose, and putting spurs to his howe,
leaped a fence and gained the nue
ahead of them. He barricaded his door,
and being a brave fellow, prepared Mm-
seir lor battle. They knocked at the
' door, and dared him to come out. They
did. not attack the door, as they weil
knew the man inside was a determ ned
fellow; and that he would "deferifl his
wife an.d child to the last. They par
leyed awhile, using threats, and after
shooting at one or two of the man's dogs,
left, making the night -hideous, with
threats of vengeance.
aincdnnlclx and Gibson Killed.
This kind of treatment was meted out
to others of the cpmmUtee, until life
were convinced that the two miscreants
were aided by another resident of the
county, who was on very Intimate terms
with Macdaniels, and extreme measures
were determined upon. It became known
that upon a certain day Macdaniels and
iGbron were to app ar In Stelnacoom. In
obedience to a legal subpena, January 2!,
JS70, they rede on horseback to Ste'.'a
coom. "While they were passing a'ong
the country road leading from Muck to
Steilacoom, in that part of the road run
ning through the small clump of timber
between American and Gravelly Lakes, a
heavy volley was fired at them -by a
party of men in ambush. The volley dCd
not do much damage. Macdaniels was
not touched, but Gibson was wound d.
The men fired at got speedily away frim
the dangerous neighborhood. Gibson
stopped at the insane asylum to have his
wound dressed, and Macdaniels went on
to Steilacoom.
The firing party followed to Steilacoom.
Macdaniels, having previously given up
his pistol to a man in Steilacoom, met
one of the party of ctlzens and made
all manner of promises of future good
conduct, and, it is said, begged that Mi
life be spared. Seeing that all his over
tures were useless, he became very much
soared, turned, ran and made for the
yard In, the rear of "Westbrook's stable.
Several shots were fired, and when, he
gained the yard he fell, severely wound
ed, and died shortly afterward. In the
meantlmo Gibson, after having had h's
wounded dressed at the insane asylum,
proceeded to Steilacoom. Near the town
he was met by some of the farmers, and
seized, dumped Into a wagon, anl it
was decided that he should be taken into
the timber and hanged. The wagon prr
ceeded towards the timber, two men sit
ting In the seat, others marching along
side, with Gibson in the bottom of the
wagon. As they were driving along, Gib
son raised himself up, and drew a re
volver from the belt of one of the men
on the seat ,flred and wounded one oi
the buttock and with another' shot
wounded the other man some whereabout
the heel. This occurred near the Cath
olic Churoh. Short work was then made
of Gibson. He was dumped out of tho
wagon, and in a very short time was
lifeless.
Sumninry Justice Won Justifiable.
The reader may well believe thdt this
wretched business caused great excite
ment. Of course, people differed in opin
ion as to tho adoption of such stringent
measures to abate, what they considered
a petty matter, and asked: "Why noi
appeal to the courts?" But they who
knew the late bully were Unanimous in
declaring that the farmers were Justlfleo
in executing summary Justice upon Mac
daniels, for if he had lived with his pis
tol aram In condlltion to work, more than
one of the band composing the commlttet
would have been murdered. Appeal to
the law. Indeed! Didn't the Va'nqouver
Isiand authorities ipply to the Washing
ton authorities to have Macdaniels turned
over to them for trial, and with what re
sult? The same.' nO doubt, would have
happened in this case. Lawyer Clark, or
some other authority of similar ability,
would have undertaken his defense, and
either have freed him, prolonged the trial,
and given the rascals a good opportunity
of wreaking their dangerous vengeance
upon the working farmers. No man in
those days could go to Stall icoom and re
turn without being Insulted, if ho was un
lucky enough to come across Macdaniels.
Itincdauicl a Hard Case.
Macdaniels never did me any harm, per
sonally, but I have seen him maltreat
others. On ono election day, In Stella
ooom, and within SO or 75 feet of where
he met his end, I &&v? him hit a poor,
harmless Irishman over the head with
his big revolver, because, fofsooth, the
man wouldn't vote according to orders.
On another election evening a crowd
was hurrahing at some favorable election
news received, outside of Westbrook's sa
loon, when a pistol was discharged from
near Clark's little cottage. The bullet,
luckily, passed harmlessly through the
crowd, and lodged in the frame of the
saloon door. Certainly It could not be
i proved that Macdaniels fired the shot,
but a little before the thing happened
he was seen going in that direction, and
people were well satisfied that he did the
shooting. Old-timers recollect poor old
Grelg. one of the most harmless men in
the county, a man liked by all his ac
quaintances. He was In the company's
service for about 16 years, and the place
whore he lived formerly belonged to the
company, and was one of my sheep sta
tions. His eld wife, Betsey, an Indian,
is still living there, with his daughter,
Mrs. Spcnce. It Is a pretty place, "and Its
Indian name is S GukoguasJ When the
company discontinued business on the
plains, Gralg was in charge of S. Guko-i
guas, and he continued to reside there,
intending to take the place as his pre
emption claim. Mr. Macdaniels, who was
living at that time at old Muck, with his
friend, Andy Burge, alarmed old Grelg
by frequently telling him that he could
not hold the place, and would not be
allowed to take It as a pre-emption claim,
because he had been In the service of the
English Puget Sound Agricultural Com
pany. He tormented the old man with
threats of Jumping his place, which was
very dear to him, and upon which were
buried the remains of four or five of his
children. At last Macdaniels told him that
If he weuld give him some horses, ho
would cease troubling him. and tho poor
old chap, far the eke of peace and quiet
ness, gave him. out of his little property,
five or six herses. That is the sort of
a chap Mr. Charles Macdaniels was, and
poor old Grelg was only an honest, law
abMimr ex-United States soldier. He
came here as one of Captain Hill's com
pany of the Fourth Artillery, landing at
Steilacoom Creek in August, 1S48. only a
few months prior to my arrival here. I
could cite several more little aneedotes,
or true stories, rather, about the late
Charles Macdinlcls.
As to Gibson. I did nit know anything
about Urn, never saw him. and I fancy
none of the committee knew anything
about him. It was reported, though, that
ho was a very bad man, had killed peo
ple, etc., and I had an Idea that If he
had not wounded the two men In the
wagon thcr would not have killed him.
There's no telling though. Te excitement
was ao intense ana tne tear of thee men
great that nothing but extinction
would seem safe to the committee.
The Trnil a Fnrce.
In October, 1S70. the district court con
vened In Steilacoom. Judge Orange Jacobs,
now one of the Superior Court Judges ef
jibing vaunty. - preaaiBs The bim con
vened n? Macdaalchj-G.ibsen lynching
were laQicted, "and' the trial was ordered
to- take place forthwith. The court sat '
in the old Masonic Hall. I forget now
whether McGlllvarv. now llvlmr In Seat-
tie, or C. Bradshaw'was prosecuting at-j
attorney,, was employed to assist in tho
prosecution, and very well he 'per
formed his . duty. An ex-Territoriil
District .Court Judge named Wychei
was the lawyer employed by the com- j
mitttee to conduct the defense, andl
he did so with great ability, although at
the time he was In ill-health, and soon
after consumption took him off. For some
reason or other, unexplained to me, al
though I have my private opinion about
it, the parties concerned decided to try
the cases separately, and chose that of tho
killing of Macdaniels to be tried first,
which I consider was a very lucky acci
dent for the defendants. Of course there
was a great difficulty experienced In get
ting a jury, until at last, the old stereo
typed excuses got to be of no effect, and
a Jury of men. well acquainted with both
sides of the case was obtained, notwith
standing many of them declared that they
actually read the local paper, and some
of them swore they had already formed
opinions. The case occupied three or four
days. I was present throughout the trial
and watched the prccecdlngs with a great
deal of interest. Both Wyche and Mc
Naugbt exhibited great skill In doing their
work, and the Judge likewise proved him
self t'o be a man. considerably In my opin
ionabove mediocrity, although I could
not help thinkinc that 'he favored the
prosecution; but, if he did, It is not to
UNCLE SAM'S LATEST
fllll I I '
. T ,.
UiW.UWl . , ' 1LI I I 'H,1. ' . Ml. I .1 r ,. , . , , lm
LONGITUDINAL SECTION OF SUBMARINE TORPEDO-BOAT HOLLAND.
This sectional view of the United Stats submarine torpedo-boat Holland, lately placed In commission by the Government and sent to
the Naval-Academy at Annapolis, In order that the cadets there may become familiar with Its construction and workings, gives a clear
idea of the Interior of Uncle Sam's latest "terror of the seas." The various letter on. the cut have sl&nlheance as follows:
"A" marks pneumatic dynamite gun tubes; "B," the conning tower; "C' shield for gun tubes; "D," device for changing motive
powr from gas td electricity; "E,'.' the propeller; P,''the rudders, and ''G," the' gun room. The boat is "awash." with only the top
of the connlns tower appearing' above the surface. , -
There are being built for the Government at the present moment seven more boats of the Holland type, while one. the Plunger Is
being remodeled to form a fitting part of this unlcue -fleet. ' Tbe-HolUhd Is '53 feet in length; the seven new boats are to be:70 feet
long, while tho Plunser Js about double the length of the Holland, being 110 feet from bow to stern. "y.
The Pluntrer was built to meet Government requirement, but her -engines ''and boilers proved too clumsy for the purpose, and lighter
ones are btlnz substituted, the work being dSne at the Trigg Iron Workb, Richmond, Va, Of the seven new TO-footers under construction
five are being built at Nixon's shipyard, at Elizabethport, and two at the Union Iron Works, Ean T"ranc!sco.
be much wondered at for If lynch law
looks horrible to the non-legal mind, what
must its effects be to the man of Judicial
character and legal attributes. After a
long hearing and masterful pleadings by
LcounseJ, the case was submitted to the
Jury, and I know I am right when I sa
that the Jury was not alone 10 minutes
before it arrived at the verdict of "Not
guilty." How could It be otherwise?
Among these charged with being" con
cerned In the death of Macdaniels were
men who were not in Steilacoom at the
time. t
Ip February, 1ES3. an article appeared In
the Overland Monthly entitled "Barbarous
Days on- Puget Sound," which purported
to give a truthful account of the matter.
I have Just concluded. It was eo full of
glaring inaccuracies and so outrageously
untrue that I determined to write a reply,
but, upon second thought, 1 refrained from
so doing, thinking that to open up a news
paper discussion about the matter, now
nearly forgotten, would not be pleasing to
these of the number of the committee
remaining with us at that date, nearly all
of whom were my friends. Barbarous
days on Puger Sound, Indeed!
I have lived on Puget Sound almost 50
years, and the only barbarous times. I
have known among the white population
were the days In which Mr. Charles Mac
daniels attempted to ride roughshod over
the people of .Pierce County, and with his
bullying ways, ami always prominent pis
tol, make life, to some people, thoroughly
miserable.
MAJOR'S READY WIT.
It Saved the Government n Matter of
40,000.
"Speaking of train robberies," said a
veteran railroad man In an after-dinner
group In the St. Charles lobby recently,
to a reporter of the New Orleans Times
Democrat, ''did any of you fellows ever
hoar that story about Major Patterson?
The yarn is not new," he continued, "and
I thought some of you might have heard
it before; but it happens to be strictly
true and Is worth telling again. Years
ago the Major was traveling on the rail
road through Western Kansas when he
fell In conversation with a very agreea
ble chap from St. Louis. Train robberies
were frequent In those days, and when
the conversation finally turned to that
subject the St. Louis man remarked that
ho had an excellent scheme for hiding his
money In such an emergency. 'I simply
put it under the swoatband of my hat,'
he said, 'and no robber in the world
would ever think of looking there for
cash.' With that he pulled off his hat
and showed where be had 1250 'planted'
as he described.
"About an hour later the train was sud
denly halted while It was turning a lonely
ravine, and In a few moments a, masked
man entered the car and began to sys
tematically loot the passengers, while two
other robbers kept them covered with
shotguns from the doors. When the fel
low reached him the Major looked up J
cosily aim ueciureu ne naa less man a
dollar in his pocket 'Now, if you'll leave
mo that and my watch,' he said, Til tell
you something worth knowing. That fel
low In the next seat has $250 under the
sweatband of his hat' 'All right' said
the robber, 'keep your watch and chicken
feed,' and he proceeded to confiscate the
other passenger's cash.
When the agony was all over and the
marauders had departed, the St Louis
'man turned around, bursting with rage
and Indignation. That was a dirty, low
down trick!' he roared, 'and I'm going to
hold you accountable for every cent of
my money!' I rxpected you to, my
friend. replied the Major, quietly, 'and
here Is the amount You see,' he added,
'X happen to be a Paymaster in the
United States Army, and I have a matter
of $40,000 Jn this valise at my feet Un
der tho circumstances, I felt Justified In
temporarily sacrificing your little $250 to
divert attention. I shall charge it up to
tho Government as extra expense In
transportation of "funds." "
TJie Bride (from Chicago) This Is my
fourth bridal tour.
The Brjdogroom-Well, I hope If will be
your last one. ' I
TJie Bride (bursting into tearei You
selfish thlngl-Towtr Topics.
JOHN StiERpfS CAREER
.HAD A GH.feA.T AMBITIOX TO BE
PRESIDENT.
Sirvio t . c.n'.4. . i. t..
oia Record Something: of Hia
i Public Life. '
WASHFNGTON, Oct ,31, A. great deal
of Interest attached to John Sherman
throughout his career. My own impres
sion 'Is that his place In the Nation's
history would have been much more glor
ious if he had died in the harness five
yoars ago, or had relinquished public life
and refused thereafter to engage in the
discussion of public questions in any way
whatever. A failing memory and the
gradual disintegration of what had been
and active and most brilliant mind caused
John Sherman to become rather a sub
ject of pity during-the last five years of
his life. As chairman of tne Committee
on Foreign Relations in the Senate he
made many blunders, and hla frequent
lapses of memory caused a great deal of
unfavorable discussion among his fellow
SenatGrs. He should never have accept
ed the position of Secretary of State, and
would not had It not been fbr a super
stition which he possessed, that Ohio
AND MOST DESTRUCTIVE
would not have two Ttepubllcan United
States Senators, because a Democrat had
been representing Ohio In the upper
branch of Congress for many years of his
experience. He had a further supersti
tion that, following the election of Mc
ICInley, a Republican, Ohio would go
Democratic the next year and choose a
Democratic Legislature. Otherwise -he
would never have entered McKinley'a
Cabinet but would have remained in the
Senate. Sherman thought that it would
be rather a good thing to end his -public
career as Secretary of State, knowing
that he could never be President al
though he had been a candidate a great
many years".
Pledfjen of Cnndldatcs.
After Sherman defeat for the Presi
dency In 1SS.0 It was probably fortunate
for the United. States that he never be
came President. I think It is extremely
unfortunate for any man who has ever
been defeated for the Presidency, or who
has been a candidate for a great many
yoars, to finally attain that office. From
the beginning of his candidacy until he
was elected. If It extends over a period
of four, eight or twelve years, he has
made many pledges and given many
promises that cannot be absolutely ful
filled. Some of the men who knew James
Buchanan well te'd me that after he had
striven for the Presidency for 20 years
and was finally successful, he was the
most disappointed and unhappy man dur
ing his Incumbency that they ever knew.
Promises made 20 years before were
brought to light when tho candidate final
ly succeeded, and were a severe annoy
ance to him. It has been said that if
James Gj Blaine had been elected Presi
dent, that more political promises would,
have gone to protest than those of any
other man since Buchanan's time, and
this was probably true. Blaine was har
rassed as Secretary of State by many
persons to whom he had! made pledges
In case he advanced to the office of Pres
ident, the fulfillment of which was de
manded when he became premier of Har
rison's Cabinet, John Sherman proba
bly made hundreds of promises during
the several campaigns when he was a
candidate for the nomination" of Presi
dent, most of which could not have bfen
fulfilled had he been chosen either In 1S84
or, In 1SS8, the last time, thsft he appeared
in the capacity of a Presidential aspi
rant A EMHrnre in History.
Of the great men who have failed to
be President while seeking that office,
and have seen men of smaller caliber In
that position, John Sherman takes a
place with Webster, Clay, Calhoun, Ben
ton and Blaine. Whether the men who
were elected In place of these great
statesmen proved better for the country
Is one of tho questions that cannot be
answered. Yet It Is no doubt true that
Sherman would have been as good a
President as Hayes pp Garfield or Ar
thur, but he would not have been as
good a man as Harrison, who was nomi
nated when Sherman last appeared before
a Republican National Convention seek
ing the Presidency. Another view to
take of this question Is whether or not
Sherman was not more use'ful to the
country In his active career than If ho
had been President of the United States.
From the time he entered the Senate, In
1S61. he was a prominent figure up to
five years ago. During all that time
he was most useful to the United
States. Probably as Secretary of the
Treasury, bringing about the resumption
of specie payment?, he was a bolder
man than he would have been as Presi
dent while Hayes, not ?eeklng further
political preferment, and lacking1 the ex
pert knowledge of Sherman pn the finan
cial question, was content to follow Sher
man's advice, and took the responsibility
for this bold action. Sherman as a
Senator was probably more useful than
he would have been as President be 1
cause being essentially a politician, he
would have been a trimmer as President,
while as a Senator he very seldom failed
to shirk the responsibility which the par
ty placed upon him. He will become a
greater figure In history tho farther we
get away from him. It was the collapse
of his mental faculties during the last
five years that has caused those who
knew him personally here in Washlngton
to regard him somewhat lightly. But all
this will nass awav. . nnri his .pr.nh
aohoYemen,ts will stand out l b.ojd. t?-,
uei io tne luture historian, who win
wrlto the story of Shaman's achlrvc
Tnentp and of "Sherman pafUclpatfpn-m
tho most momentous period of the Re
publfc Lons Servico 'li he Senate.
Sherman holds the "record for having
served longer In the Senate than any
other man, notwithstanding that he re
signed while he yet liad two years, of
his term' to serve, and that he" was "four
years In, the Cabinet. His servtde was
not continuous. That record is held by'
the late Justin S, Morrill, but Sherman's
total service Is eome months longer than
Morrill's. Had Morrill liveTl to tip end
of the term for which he was elected,
he would have had 36 years' continuous
service. It Is more than probable .hat
Allison, of Iowa, will eclipse Sherman's
record, and It will be continuous service.
Allison has already been elected fcr six
terms, and at tle end of his present terra
In 1003 will have 30 years to his crediU
John P. Jones, of Nevada, was elected to
take his seat at the same time with Alli
son, and he, Uke Allison, has an opportu
nity, jf re-elected Jn 903, to eclipse the
record of both Morrill and Sherman. Alli
son, however, Is In very rpbust health,
and the prospects for hs long service are
most excellent Cockrell, of, Missouri,
whose service in $he Senate dates pack
to 1875, has been elected for six times,
or 30 years' continuous service. He is
another man whose health only will In
terfere with a long Senatorial career-
The bitterness of feeling that exists be
tween Lieutenant-General Miles, com
NAVAL CONTRIVANCE.
manning the Army, and Brigadier-General
Bufflngton. chief of th Rnn. nr
i Ordnance, Is everywhere known. In fact.
ueneral Miles has been at outs with the
Ordnance Bureau for a great many years.
Back when he was Colonel of the Fifth
Infantry, he disagreed with the ordnance
officers, and from time to time he has dis
agreed with them ever since. As Com
mander of the Army, he Is president of
the Board of Ordnance and Fortifications;
of which the Chief of Ordnance is a mem
ber. It has been durlpg the' time that
General Bufflngton has" been a member or
the bbard and Chief of Ordnance that sev
eral disagreements have arisen over ord
nance matters between the Lieutenant
General and the Brigadier-General. Some
times one has been successful when the
caso is carried to the Secretary of War,
and sometimes the other.' There has been
a great deal of yery acrimonious corre
ppoiidence passed, much of which has not
been made public, and probably never
will be, but enough has come out to show
the Intense feeling which these officers
hayo for each other. Of course, when
they meet ds members of the Board, of
Ordnance and Fortifications, the utmost
courtesy prevails, as ort other occasions
when they meet, which Is as Infrequent
as possible. Whenever these two officers
meet and call each other "General," Jn
the most courteous terms and discuss tpe
weather, while everybody else in the-roon
generally turns aside and snickers to him
self, because It is 'well known that they
never would have entered tHe same room
If It could have been avoided.
Chnffee or "Wood.
"I em very sorry Chaffee did not take
that Brigadier-General's commission when
It was offered him," sild a high Army
officer the other day. "He was generous
and asked that Colonel Daggett be 'ap
pointed and retired and the vacancy then
given to him, but he may have been too
generous. An Army man should make tho
moat of the honors he wins at the time.
The 'further you recede from the stirring
events which brought you Into promi
nence, the less important they become.
The public soon forgets. It would not be
strange if we should soon forget abouL
Chaffee's march to Pekln and cease to
urge his selection as a Brigadier-General.
We have ceased to talk about it, and our
attention is turned to something else. An
Army man should strike for his advance
ment while ho is in the public eye."
These remarks were bropght out by the
recent visit of General Wood, Governor
General of Cuba, the. Impression being
that ho Is slated for a Blgadler-General's
commission at no distant day. Many
friends of Chaffee fear Wood may receive
his promotion before the hero of the Chi
na War Is advanced. Army officers gen
erally want 'to see Chaffee selected, as
they think a Colonel of the line Is entitled
to consideration before a Captain of, the
Medical Corp3, that being General Wood's
rank In the regular servfee.
Living In Cuba Expensive.
When General Leonard Woc4 was In
Washington he talked very freely about
the conditions In Cuba, and gave a great
deal of Interesting iraformatlon. One of
the Interesting1 points he made was the
expense which (Arnry officers are under,
and pointing out that very fow officers
care to servo In Cuba, simply because the
expenses were so great. It was, of course,
know,n that all of the Army offlcersunder
Spanish regime had various ways of se
curing money other than their regular sal
ary allowance. It was stated on good
authority before the Spanish War that
every Army officer, from the Captaln
Geaernl flown to First Lieutenants, had a
way of securing certain bribes and rake
offs, perquisites which American officers
never had, never will, take, and which
would not be compat'ble with the service
In the United States Army. Although
General Wood receives a double snlar
that 1i, $7500 ns Maior-Gereral of "Volun
teers, find a like amount from the Cuban
revenue? as Governor of Cuba, he says
thf t it Is more difficult for him to main
tain himself In the big rarablinjr palace
at Havana than It would be In tho United
States with a much smaller allowance.
The Governor-General Is expected to en
tertain the Captain of every ship that
comes Into Cuba, and alj of the -commercial
delegations that cdmo from South
America and elsewhere are generally his
guests when they -arrive. Some of bis
best officers, ho? says, nave asked to be
transferred together; 'Service, because-they I
find their expenses so -high that they are
ynable to meej; them, "Tbsj: pajr that
they ust can't stand it. and are getting
poorer every month they remain," saW
General Wood, "and I know from per-r-onnl
experience that such is the case. Oa
this account If nQ other, the officers of
the United States Army wW be glad when
they are po longer serving In Cuba. Tey
are all anxious, howeypr, to make a varjr
good record while they are there, and so
far they have been able to do so."
The Island Prosperous.
According to General Wood, Cuba has
not been left out In the prosperity that
has come over the United States. There
seems to be enough of It to go around
to our Island possessions. In the synop
sis of his report which has been pub
lished he points out how tho conditions
have been Improved. Speaking more gen
erally, he said: "Cuba Is a good place
for any energetic young man with a fow
dollars In his pocket Peace has been re
stored. There Is now no darcer of prop
erty being destroyed. Those who have
made purchases of real estate are doing
well with their lands. There Is no partic
ular anncuity aoout titles, as it has been
found that a clear title can be had to most
of the property that ! for sale. "We
no longer fear yellow fever, and It Is not
as dangerous es typhoid fevor In some
sections of the United States. Outside
of the City of Havana thore is no diffi
culty whatever, and It Is to be hoped that
in tlmo yellow feyer will be very nearly
suppressed In that city. Cuba la going to
be a sreafand crowlnar countrv. nofwtfh-
standlng the difficulties she has under
gone, and. It has become evident that
peace meant prosperity to that Island."
Coming ExtrnvnKiince.
When the Cubans are given full control
of the Island, If that time ever comes,
there is dancer that they will swamp the
Island by high salaries. Under the Span
ish''' rule high -salaries were the regular
vogue, the Goverqor-General receiving
more than double what Is paid the Presi
dent, being fllO.OOO a year, besides his
expenses. Of course tho Governor-Generals
In turn stole and pillaged, received
bribes, and In many ways beoame rich,
but the rejrular allowance was the large
sum mentioned. The Cubans have become
used to these high salaries. They marvel
to see how our Army officers get along
upon the small allowances which they
receive. It Is no doubt he Intention of the
Cubans to take care of themselves when
they get in the saddle, and the taxpayers
will suffer. .Yea, more, the posterity of
Cuba will suffer, as the reckless expendi
ture will no doubt Involve the Island in
a heavy debt It Is this tha't some of the
Cubans fear. Of course, those who are
able to keep on top In politics and secure
their Bhare of tho loot are anxious for
independence; but the property-owners
and those who want to engage in busi
ness desire to have tho United States
remain In control, so that their property
will be safe ARTHUR W. DUNN.
ORIGIN OF ALPHABETS.
A Volume Telling About It Given
the fnilthaonlon Institution.
Boston Evening Transcript.
Alton 111. A unique volume has Just
been presented to the Smithsonian Insti
tution by Professor J. C. C. Clarke, of
Upper Alton. The work la on the origin
and evolution of the alphabets. For many
years Professor Clarke was at the head
of the department of Greek at ShUrtleff
College, which was named in honor of
Dr. Benjamin Shurtleff, of Boston. Since
Tetirlng from active work In that depart
ment Professor Clarke has spent most of
his time In travel and original research
work. The materials for the work Just
finished were gathered for the most Part
during travel In foreign lands, and by
correspondence with specialists. Professor
Clarke published in 1SS4 a volume of 2o
pages of Illustrations on "The Origin and
Varieties of the Semitic Alphabet" In
tthe" new work, which is. folio, elegantly
bound in morocco and 'gilti' the compila
tion of the alphabets of the world are so
tabulated as jo show the origin of all o:
them In the Egyptian helroglyphlos, and
to exhibit the development of each from
Its earliest to Its latest forms.
The volume contains about a thousand
varieties of the alphabet, of which two or
three, hundred may be called distinct al
phabets. They are arranged according to
dates and geographical and racial connec
tions. AH the Hebrew, Arabic and Syria
and the European alphabets are traced
from the Egyptian. The many-Ruml al
phabets are traced from the Greok. The
Persian, Indian, Manchu, Thibetan ana
Malay are traced from the Syflc. Not tho
least curious feature of the book Is the ex
hibition of the sir Philippine alphabets,
and. those of the other Islands, as" Suma
tra, Java, the Celebes ahd Formosa. The
exhibition of the evolution of the' alpha
bet of Java alone fills two pages. Tho
volume also exhibits the numeral ciphers
of all the world. The latest European
books on this subject say that the origin
Of the numetals and the zero is unknown.
Professor Clarke shows that they are
Syrlac letters' of about the Christian era,
and are the first ten letters of the alpha
bet The figures four and eight are .old
er forms than the others, and our" circu
lar zero has been made from the Syrlac
"I" enlarged.
"I hyuhd It said in school," remarked
Miss Miami Brown, "dat man is a biped
wlfout feathers."
"What's a biped" asked Erastus pink-
ly.
"Da's-er-a animal wlf two Jalgs."
"Well, Miss Miami, it sho'ly is lucky de
feathers was lef off. Da's what keeps us
fum talkin' one another foh chickens an'
beln' cannibals," Washington Star.
"I have, been thinking of imting to
you for some time," writes ifrs. W. D.
Benson, of Maxton, Robeson Co., N. C,
"fo let you know what a -wonderful thing
Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery
did for my little boy. He was taken
with indigestion when he was a year
and a half old, and he was under the
doctor's treatment for five long years.
We spent all kc made for doctor's bills,
and it did no good. He could not eat
anything only a little milk and cracker,
and sometimes even this would make
hmi sick, and he got very weak; could
flot sit -up all day, and. I gave up all hope
of hs ever getting any better. Looking
oyer one of your books I noticed Dr.
Pierce's Golden Medical Discovery rec
ommended for indigestion. We bonght
some and gave to our boy. Two bottles
of Dr. Pierce's Golden Medical Discov
ery cured him. He is well as can be,
nd can eat anything that he wants and
it does not hurt him. He has not been
sick a day since, and It has been- three
years since he took your medicine. I
pray that God will always bless you and
your medicine."
S
THE FALATIAt
IPNi BUILDING
rfi&i
IVot a dark; office In the bulldlnarf
absolutely fireproof; electric light,
and nrtcatnn -water pcrfect'fWttft
tlon and thorough -ventilation. Klet
vatora run day and night.
AIIvSUB. Dr GBOnGE.Paj'ailjm....e08-
ANDERSON. GUSTAV. Attnyat.Law.tfeW
ASSOCIATED PKBS6; B. L. PawH, MgrTiSoo
AUSTHN. P. c, MaBar fer Oregon. and'
Washhwtfta Bankers' L Automation, of
D Motaea, Ja , $O2-305
BAKBRS' LIF ASSOCIATION. OF DBS
MOINS. IA-: F. C. Autlen, Managar.BMOl
BAYXTUN. GKO. R.. Msr. for Chas. Sofia-
ner" Sons .... .'.,...313
BEAL8, BDWARD A.. Fercaat Offlolat U. -
S. tVeatbr Bureau ". 010
BENJAMIN, R. W.. DwtUt 3J4
INSAVANGHB. DR. O R. Phv Sur 410-411
I BBOOKK. DR. J. M.. Ihy. & 8urir...-70i$-70n
nnu.!, jura, M. D 31.1-814
BRUERE, DR. G. E.. Phjiiclan.... 412-418-41
CANNING. M. J ...6Q2.0O
CAOKIN. a. E.. District AgBt Travelers' ' '
Insurance Co 71 jt
CARDWELI.. DR. J. R.- !!".B0
CHURCHILL. MRS. E. J 716-T1T
COrFEY. DR. a. C, Phy. & SurKeon....7eo
COLUMBIA TELEPHONE COMPANY....
80 l-eOB.aVfi07-13-6M-el.
CORNELIUS. C. W. Fhj-s. and Surgeon.... 200
COVER, p c.. Cashier Equitable Life .300
COLLIER, P. F., Publisher; S. P. McGulre.
Manager 415-41C
DAY, J. G. & I. N ,....310
DAVJS. NAPOLEON. PtmUUsI CelurabJa
Telfptron Co got
DICKSON. DR. J. P., Phrstetaa 7131714
DRAKE, DR. H. B. PHrsIelan.... 512-513-514
DWYER. JOE F.. Tobaeae 402
EDITORIAL ROOMS i. Eighth floor
EQUITABLE LtFE INSURANCE SOCIETY;
L. Samuel, Manager; P. C. Cover. Cashler.30S
EVENING TELEGRAM.. ..AX Alder strait
FENTON. J. D.;.Physlelan and Surgnn.509-51O
KENTON, DR. HICKS C; Bye an Ear.,. 311
FENTON. MATTHEW F., Dentist...., ...BOO
GALVANI. W. H-. Engineer aau Draughts
man i....60O
GAVIN, A., President Oregoa Camera Clnb,
. 2i4-315-21-2IT
GEART, DR. EDWARD P., FhysieJan and
Surgeon 212-214
OEBBIK PUB. CO., Ltd., Fine Art Publish
ers; M. C. MoGreevy, Mgr...... 51S
GIESY, A J.. Physician and Surgeon... 700-711)
GODDARD, E. C. &. CQ.. Footwear
Ground floor. 120 Sixth strett
GOLDMAX. "WILLIAM, Manager Manhattan
Life Insurance Co., et New Yerk.... 209-210
GRANT. FRANK S., AttorMy-at-Law HIT
HAMMAM BATHS, King- & Corapton, Prop.30O
HAMMOND A B 31'
HOLLISTBR, DR. O. C. Phys. & Sur. .504-805
IDLEMAN. C. Jf.. Attorney-at-Law. .410-17-1$
JQHN6CKV W C,.., -r3sailfe3K
KADY, MARK T.. Supervisor oT3s?rf8i
Mutual Reserve Fund Life Ass'n 804-605
LAMONT JOHN. Vice-President and Gen
eral Manager Columbia Telephone Co (504
LITTLEFHSLD. H. R., Phys. and gurgean.2W
MACRUM.W. S., Sec. Oregon Camera CJub.2-i
MACKAY. DR. A. E.. Phys. and Surg.. 711-712
MARTIN. J. L. & CO., Timber Lands .60
MAXWELL. DR. "W. E., Phys. & Surg.701-2-S
McCOY. NEWTON. AUorney-at-Law 715
McFADEN. MISS IDA E., Stenographer... .201
McGJNN. HDNRY E., Attorney-at-Law..311-12
McKELL, T. J., Manufacturer' Represen
tative 30rt
METT. HBNRY ......213
MILLER. DR, HERBERT C. Dentist anil
Oral Surgeon 6O-t)0O
MOSSMAN. DR. E. P., Dentist 312.313-814
MANHATTAN LIFE INSURANCE CO. ot
New Yer. W. Goldman. Mansr 20210
MUTUAL RESERVE PVHV MFE ASS'N;
Mark T. Kady, Supervisor ef A5Wts..W4-005
McELROY, DR. J. G . Phya. & Sr.?81 -762-TOtt
McFARLANt), E. B.. Secretary Columbia
Telephone Co 600
McGUIRE, S. P.. Manager P. F. Collier,
Publisher .v.413-41
McKIM. MATTRICE. Attorney-at-Law 50(7
MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE CO. of New
York.'Wm. S. Pond State Mgr....404.4M-40a
NICHOLAS. HORACE B., Atfy-at-Lnw....713
NILBS. M. L., Cashier Manhattan Life In
surance Co., of New York 202
OREGON INFIRMARY OF OSTEOPATHY:
Dr. L. B. Smith, Osteopath .....4OS-40O
OREGON CAMERA CLUB 214-2J5-210-21T
POND. "WM. S.. State Manager Mutual Life
Ins. Co, of New York., .......... 404-496-40(1
PORTLAND EYE AND EAR INFIRMARY,
Ground 8or. 133 Sixth street
PORTLAND MINING & TRUST CO. J. II.
Marshall. Manager ,, 31a
QU1MBY. L. P. "W.. Game and Forestry
"Warden 7UMTT
ROSENDALE. O M Metallurgist and Min
ing Engineer , . .i. A"aiSt'5lS
REED & MALCOLM. Optlelant...133 Sixth Ft.
REED. F. C. Fih Commissioner 407
RYAN, J. B., Attorney-at-Law 417
SAMUEL. Li, Manager Equitable Life. ....30U
SECURITY MUTUAL LIFE INSURANCE
Co.; H F. Bushong.. Gen. Agent tor Ore.
and "Washington , 5pi
SHERWOOD, J. "W., Deputy 8preme Com
mander K O. T. M 31T
SMITH. Dr L. B., Osteopath .....408-40
EONS OF THE AMERICAN RKVOLUTIpK-
STUART, DELL. Atteritey-at-L.iw.,....(17-J51$
STOLTE. DR. CHAS.E.. Dentist 704-TM
SURGEON OF THE S. P. RY AND N. P. '
TERMINAL CO , -zoo
STROWBRrDGE. THOS. U Executive
Special Agt. Mutual1 Life of New York... .403
SUPERINTENDENT'S OFFICE :....20t
TUCKER. DR, GEO. F.. Dentist.,.. ...OIQ-BU
lT. S. "WEATHER BUREAU. . ..807.008-00-010
V. S. LIGHTHOUSE UNQtNEKJtS. 1STH
DIST ; Captain W. C. Langfltt. Corps of
Englneers.U. 8. A 809
U 8. ENGINEER OFFICE. RIVER AND
HARBOR IMPROVEMENTS; Cajitaln TV.
C Langfltt. Corps ef Engineers. U. S. A810
"WATERMAN. C. H.. Cashier Mutual Life
of New York ,.408
"WHITE. MISS L. B., Assistant Secretary
Oregon Camera Club .'.,...214
"WILSON. DR. EDWARD N., Physlalan
and Surgeon 304-305
"WILSON, DR. GEO. F.. Phys. & Surr-TOS-TOT
"WILSON. DR HOLT C, Phys. Sur.. 5071508- '
WOOD. DR. TV. L., Physician 412-413-414
WILLAMETTE VALLEY TBLEPH. CO... 615
A few more elegant afllcea mar "ho
had by npplylnjr to Portland fruit
Company of Oregon, 100 Third at., or
to the rent cleric In the buildfnc
STEIBHS' fHHI
ELECTRIC PASTE I
J Jciiis RATS, MICE, COCKROACHES I
and all other VERMIN, leaving B
I no odor. At H jK
JL all dealers, 23c. KQ?6f
B rVMTnTJtrtrCfc,'aicH,P'- Ml
,1