THE -STraDAY -OKEGOIJIA, TGBnXjAmS, 'AV,&UBT "12, 1900.
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POR.TLA.ro, SUXDAY, AUGUST 12.
"WHY CUDTA HATES FOREIGNERS.
How Indefensible soever the course
which the Chinese are pursuing' may
be. In the treatment of the diplomatic
representatives and foreigners in gen
eral, now in their country, it must be
admitted that China has much provo
cation and a real grievance. This mat
ter is set out in an article In the August
number of the North American Review,
by the president of the Anglo-Chinese
College at Foo Chow, on "The Causes
of the Anti-Foreign Feeling' in China."
The writer places the blame alike on
the present reigning dynasty and on
the foreigners themselves; and it must
be admitted that the latter are entitled
to no small share of It. China has, in
fact, been subjected to indignities such
as no nation should be expected to
brook. But her method of redress can
have no justification. Still, when it is
remembered that China is not all pene
trated with the ideas that prevail in
Europe and America, her action, though
inconsiderate and outrageous, cannot
be regarded as surprising.
This writer does not spare "the
wretched and cruel Empress"; yet he
lays a full share of the blame at the
doors of European governments, whose
encroachments upon China have known
scarcely an Intermission, during many
years. Latterly they have been more
irritating than ever. In 1884 France
made an assault on China, upon the
shallowest pretext, and without decla
ration of war destroyed the Chinese
fleet in the Mln River, killing 3000 per
sons. Again, only two years ago, a
force of French marines killed many
Chinese at Shanghai, because the latter
had opposed the seizure of a "rest
house for the dead" which the French
Consul wanted for extension of the
French settlement. But perhaps the
outrage that stirred the Chinese most
was Germany's action at Shan Tung,
less than three years ago! A riot had
occurred there, in which two German
missionaries were killed. The Germans
had long desired a foothold on Chinese
territory, and they made these Isolated
murders a pretext for territorial ag
gression. Troops were landed and the
Chinese Government was forced to cede
the country around Kiao Chou to Ger
many. During the past two or three
years there has been continual talk,
on the part of the powers of Conti
nental Europe, of making Inroads upon
China and partitioning her territory
among them. Hostility to all Christian
missionaries naturally has arisen from
these proceedings, but the missionaries
themselves have not always been dis
creet "In religious matters the Chi
nese are the most tolerant of men,"
this writer says; but, he adds, "zeal
alone -will not do" In carrying- Chris
tianity to them. When It is remarked
further that "the missionary should
have in addition the great virtue of in
tellectual sympathy, the power of ap
preciating another's position, the abil
ity to see the truth where it exists, and
tact which is unfailing," we gather
what evidently he deems the leading
points on which missionary work has
been at fault; and this writer is one
whose life has been spent in missionary
and educational 'labor among the Chi
nese. The news that the Russian Govern
ment has given authority to its Ambas
sador to leave Pekin under escort nat
urally excites suspicion that Russia
means to act independently of the other
powers. It is not probable, however,
that this fact would alter the determi
nation of the American, British and
German forces to proceed to Pekin as
rapidly as possible. Nor would the
6afe delivery of the Russian Ambassa
dor help the case of China with the
other powers. For if the Pekin Gov
ernment is able to deliver the Russian
Ambassador safely, it is perfectly well
able to protect him and all the other
resident Ministers In all their rights at
Pekin. and the safe delivery of the Le
gations under escort would only confirm
the present judgment that the whole
anti-foreign movement was born and
bred in the Imperial palace, which has
all along- been able to control the storm
it evoked. Under these circumstances
the independent action of Russia and'
the safe delivery of her Ambassador
would not halt the march of the other
powers on Pekin. The Emperor of Ger
many is in no mood of leniency. He
will march his troops to Pekin and
there obtain full justice if Count Wal
dersee conducts nobody but Germans
thither. But it is morally certain that
the Japanese. English and American
forces will "march with him and make
a final settlement -with the Pekin Gov
ernment face to face. No other mode of
settlement would be of any value for
the future. It is not likely "that Russia
would bold back, for it would be stupid
diplomacy to breed distrust and jeal
ousy through refusal to join a move
ment that she cannot prevent. Russia
is la ao situation on the Pacific Coast
of Asia to dictate to England and !
Japan ualted. even if she were backed
by Germany, and she will hardly at
tempt it against the will of Germany.
For these reasons, nothing--that Russia
1 does or may do is likely to halt the
march of the allies on Pekin. When
peace Is made It will be made at Pekin,
and there -will be no jCffectlve negotia
tions until the allies occupy Pekin and
find out -who is responsible for the trouble.
ARISTOTLE OJT AJtTI-IMFEIUALISar.
The fundamental difficulty of the cul
tivated anti-imperialist lies inv the
purely ideal nature of his political
thinking. "With the visionary in free
trade, civil service, currency reform,
we are already familiar. To him there
is no shade of difference between the
ideal and the practical. He takes ac
count ef principles, but he takes no ac
count of human nature's Imperfect
character and the circumscribing en
vironment of untoward and adamant
conditions. Is free trade the ideal ex
pression of the accumulative faculty?
Then it is superfluous to inquire
whether, anything In the mental consti
tution of the people in question or In
peculiar physical circumstances of "-their
habitat renders the complete applica
tion of that principje undesirable. Has
authoritative discussion of money and
credit laid- down the elements of an
ideal currency? Then we shall proceed
safely without Inquiry into the habits
prejudices or industrial peculiarities of
the country specifically in hand. So
with polity. Grant that self-government
through representative Legisla
tures and elective executives is the
ideal form, and logic insists upon the
instant application of that system to all
peoples of whatever history and sta
tion. Now it is tho crowning glory of phil
osophy that it almost universally re
jects the process of reasoning with'
which these and other like conclusions
are reached. It seeks out abstract prin
ciples, but with equal application it
explores human nature. Perhaps our
greatest political philosopher. Is Ed
mund Burke; and If Burke stands for
anything, he stands for a protest
against the dogmatism of logic in poli
tics. He insists upon studied adapta
tion of political principles to specific
circumstances. He goes so far as to
say that as to fixed political principles
there are none whatever. Burke, it
may be surmised, got this truth from
Aristotle. Perhaps Aristotle got it from
Plato. At any rate, It is luminously
set out in the pages of Aristotle, an
excellent summary of whose "Politics"
is given, by Professor W. A. Dunning
in the Political Science Quarterly (Co
lumbia University).
What, asks Aristotle, Is the best
state? No categorioal answer can be
given. We must consider not only what
form is the best absolutely, but what
is the best attainable by the particular
men -we have under treatment, and
under the given specified conditions.
Fitness must determine. The best must
rule. Under certain supposable combi
nations of rich and poor, wise and Ig
norant, different forms of government
can be assigned with certainty as the
best In the various cases. Circum
stances, Aristotle holds, may make any
form the best Thus, democracy is best
where the poor greatly exceed the rich
in numbers; oligarchy where the su
periority of the rich In resources and
power more than compensates for their
inferiority in numbers. Where the mid
dle class is clearly superior to all the
rest, the best system is "a diffusion of
functions among various organs, -with,
assignment of offices by a combination
of lot and election" that is, a republic
something like thatnf- the United
States, or a mixed aristocracy, like
Great Britain.
It ought to be clear without further
argument how far outside the pale of
Aristotle's thinking falls the dictum of
the Aunties that the Filipino's welfare
requires us to establish a republic there
and sail away, just as we might give
him the self-binder that took the prize
at the World's Fair, because in it he
would find the acme of harvesting facil
ities. Let us leave the matter, then,'
for a digression of greater Interest if
of less present need. Aristotle, It Is
impressive to recall, answers the ques
tion as to the means through which the
Ideal character is to be developed in
the citizens of the state, by designating
scientific education as that means. It
is but a short time since Mr. Herbert
Spencer gave to the world his latest
volume, in which for the menace of so
cialism he assigns the same remedy.
We may detect here one of those mar
velous anticipations of modern thought
with whichi Greek philosophy abounds.
No onecan smile today at the omnium
gatherum of ills for which modern
thinkers prescribe the training of the
mind and the discovery of nature's se
crets. How much more than in Aris
totle's day are we compelled to rely
upon scientific experiments to Inculcate
character and repress disorder! The
old constable, ecclesiastical authority,
Is losing his powers every day, and the
police force of civilization is more and
more recrulted'from the demonstrations
in physical law. .That Is the tendency.
Who knows where; it will stop? :
GOD AND THE "COXSTITUTIOX.
Repeated efforts have been made
since the adoption of our Federal Con
stitution to theologize it by inserting a
recognition of God Into the preamble.
These Constitution tinkers have recent
ly broken loose again In the press of
the East, and advocate the .insertion
of the following words:
We, the people of the United StatM. (nr.
know ledlng Almighty God as the source of all
power and authority In cull government, tho
Lord Jesus Christ as the ruler of nation, and
His revealed will as of supreme authority In
civil affairs), etc
A constitutional adoption of these
words would have precisely the effect
of the- recognition of the creeds of the
Christian church, for those who claim
to be the authorized interpreters of
"his revealed will" are and always
have been the makers of creeds,
whether Protestant or Catholic, and the
statements of dogmatic theology con
tained in the "Westminster Confession"
or. In the creed of the Catholic Church
would become the standard by which
to Judge the civil affairs of our coun
try. We should have union of church
and state with a vengeance.
The fathers of the Constitution re
frained from dolns .this very thing; be
cause It was their deliberate purpose
to separate our institutions from- all ecclesiastical-entanglements.
These fath
ers and framers were by a very large
majority men who recognized the
church and were ardent avowers of
their faith in God. ' Even. Franklin,
who is historically rated as a Deist of
the "Voltaire school, arose in "the first
Congress and moved that a nroner in
vocation" be made to the "Great Father
of Lights." The great majority of the
fathers of the Constitution , were not
merely Deists like Franklin, but trinl
tarians of the most approved orthodox
type. They were Presbyterians, Episco
palians, - Roman Catholics or Congre
gatlonallsts of the sternest -quality.
Nevertheless, they deliberately set
church and state) apart,-and provided
carefully for- the enduring- separation
of the two in the first amendment to
the Constitution. '
Today, to Incorporate theism into the
Constitution would be nothing but an
empty form; a mere profession. It
would not make the Nation a whit -more
religious, more patriotic, more devout
or more thelstlc. It would not make
the Ten Commandments nor the Ser
mon on the Mount any more respected
In practical statesmanship than they
are today. It would help to solve no
problem, touch no portion of the public
conscience. Without Any Incorporation
of theism In the Constitution we are In
no sense "a godless" people today. The
principle of religious freedom Is -more
completely exemplified In the United
States than In anycountry In the
world; fpr even Great Britain has a
state church whlch has higher privi
leges than any other under the law. It
Is the privilege of any man In America
to worship God In any way he pleases,
or not to worship at all. Any man
who cannot find a fellowship or denom
ination whose tenets accord with his
convictions can establish one to suit
himself without danger of disturbance,
unless the practice of his faith Is a vio
lation of the public law. '
Under our Federal Constitution,' from
Which theology is utterly absent, ; more
than a hundred different denominations
of Christians enjoy absolute religious
freedom. It rests entirely "with the in
dividual whether he will join a church,
when he will leave it and when he will
organize one of his own. If he chooses
to join the Catholic Church, he submits
to Its authority by his own Individual
volition, just' as when he voluntarily
accepts the , limitations which come
with membership of certain orthodox
Protestant denominations. In any
event, under our Government we do not
Inflict any pains and penalties upon
heretics or heathen, whether they are
rebels to the authority of the Protes
tant or Catholic Church. We do not
Interfere wlth any church unless the
church attempts' to suppress the public
law. 'The "heathen Chinee" can wor
ship his wooden joss and bury his dead
with absurd pagan rites and ceremo
nies, but a Mormon may not practice
polygamy, because under our public
law we have decided that polygamy Is
contrary to sound public policy, despite
the fact that the Mormon pleads In
Its defense the example of the Hebrew,
theocracyfrom the Old Testament. The
fact that without a bit of theology In
our Constitution there are over a hun
dred Christian sects in America proves
that we are nevertheless a very relig
ious people with a keen relish for the
ology. In essentials nearly all,, these
different sects are Christian, and In
non-essentials the difference between
them is slight. The great leaders
among them are in practical agreement
upon the fundamentals of religion; they
all hold to the great truths. Jesus
taught; they all treat him with rever
ence as the supreme moral teacher, hero
and martyr. ' '
The recognition of God in the pream
ble to the Constitution is not among
the dreary wants of the time, and while
Congress was strongly urged by a
Massachusetts Congressman but a few
years ago to submit, to the several
states a theological amendment to the
Constitution, his , proposal hardly ob
tained a respectful hearing. The truth
Is that the orthodox clergy, who were
members of the conventions that
framed the Constitutions under which
the thirteen states formed the original
Union were the ablest and most earnest
advocates of non-theological govern
ment. The question was vigorously
debated in the Massachusetts constitu
tional convention, and ,the clergy with
substantial unanimity protested against
any language that would seem even
faintly to foreshadow a recognition of
church and state. They had a bitter
memory of what dissenters had suf
fered at the hands of the state church
in England and on the Continent of
Europe, and they wanted no theology
set forth in the preamble of State or
Federal Constitution.
THE COMIXG AGE OF ALUMINUM.
In an article In a recent number of
the Century Magazine, entitled "The
Problenyot Increasing Human Energy,"
Nikola Tesla, after eulogizing Iron as
the most Important factor thus far in
human progress, and noting many ex
amples In proof of this statement, de
clares that the "coming age will be the
age of aluminum." While the Immedi
ate future of iron Is assured by its
cheapness and its unrivaled mechanical
and magnetic qualities, he Is decided
in the, view that at a time not very
distant iron, in many of its now un
contested domains, will have to pass
the scepter to another. Though it 'is
only seventy years less than three
quarters of a century since this metal
was discovered by Woehler, the alumi-.
num Industry, scarcely forty years old,
now commands the attention of the en
tire world. Conviction that this new
snetal will In a relatively short space of
time displace not only Iron, but copper.,
In the mechanical and industrial world
Is based upon the wonderfully rapid
advance of this industry, the product
of which but a few years ago was'sold
at the fanciful price of $40 a pound, but
whichtoday can be had In any desired
amount for as many cents per pound.
Tesla sees, moreover, In new and im
proved processes of production the 'time
not far distant when the present price
will be considered a fanciful one. Most
of the metal Is now produced In the
electric furnace by a process combining
fusion and electrolysis, which, while
offering at number of advantageous
features, Involves - naturally a great
waste of the electrical energy of the
current- The ideal solution of this
waste of heat energy will, he thinks,
be solved through a cold electrolytic
process of manufacture, and aluminum
be given supremacy over Iron, and cop
per as well, through the medium 'of
cheapness In production. The annihil
ation of the copper industry through
advance in the production of the newer
metal Is regarded as certain. The two
Industries cannot he thinks, exist and
prosper together. Even now it Is
cheaper to convey an electric current
through aluminum than through-copper
wires; aluminum castings cost less,
and in many domestic and other uses
copper has no chance of competing suc
cessfully with its light, white rival in,
"the mineral world.
While, however, a further material
reduction In the' price of aluminum
cannot but be in .the long run fatal to
copper, the progress of the former will,
be checked and hindered, the larger
Industry absorbing for a time, as Is
usual' In such cases, the smaller; the
giant copper Interests will control the.
Infant aluminum. Interests; slow-pacing
capper will constrain lively-moving,
aluminum to Its gait, and. delay but
not avert the downfall of King Copper.
And this is not all. In a few years
at most Tesla sees aluminum, having?
reduced copper to& subordinate place
in the world of mecharilcalj energy and
progress, engaged in" deadly but more
doubtful strife with iron. The issue of
this contest will largely depend (all
things being- subject ito the require
ments of applied electricity) upon
whether iron shall be .found Indispensa
ble In electrical machinery. This future
scientific and mechanical experiments
alone can determine. It is regarded as
highly improbable "that a cheaper ma
terial will be discovered that will equal
or surpass iron in its magnetic qual
ity. This feature, as exhibited In Iron,
is an isolated phenomenon in nature.
Unless a radical departure shall be
made In the character of the electric
currents employed,. Iron will be indis
pensable. To dispense with Iron seem
ingly insuperable difficulties in the line
of producing greater magnetic forces
than those with which -that metal has
been endowed by nature must be over
come. Once overcome, says Tesla,
"iron will be done away with and all
electrical machinery will be manufac
tured of aluminum,, at prices In all
probability ridiculously, low." This,
while a severe, would not necessarily
be a fatal blow to iron. But in many
other industrial lines', wherever light
ness of structure ". combined with
strength Is preferable to -heaviness "with
a similar combination, the progress
of aluminum will be much more rapid.
Briefly, for all purposes lor which It Is
suitable, the new metal will sooner or
later supersede the old.
The qualities that make aluminum,
other things being, equal, preferable to
Iron In mechanics are' thus summed up:
First ,of all, there Is thirty times as
much aluminum as Iron in proportion
ate bulk available for the uses of man;
the former is much more easily worked,
which adds to Its value; in many of its
properties it partakes of the character
of a precious me'tal, which gives it
additional worth; its electric conductiv
ity, for a given weight', Is greater than
that of any other "metal, while its ex
treme lightness simplifies the problem
of transportation of objects manufac
tured from It But Professor Tesla, an
enthusiast, as becomes a student of na
ture and her tremendous reserve forces,
believes that "the greatest civilizing
potency of aluminum will be In aerial
travel," which Is sure to be brought
about by means of it." The time has
passed when the conpluslons of the ex
perimenter, who makes the subtle forces
of nature his companions first, and
then the creatures of 'his will, may be
scouted as the vagaries of 'the dreamer.'
Hence, though based to some extent
upon untried theories, the views ex
pressed by Nikola ;Tesla beget expecta
tion father than skepticism in the realm
of applied, mechanics,, or, in other
words, in the realm bf energy.
Rev. Heber Newton complains that,
because he says 'v'lmmortal life must
be conceived In accordance with the
doctrines of evolution, he Is accused of
holding peculiar views of- the hereaf
ter." Views of the hereafter, enter
tained by each and every person who
lives on this earth, are "peculiar" that
is, unlike the views of others; and so
it ever has been. No two alike, and all
changing from age to age. Profound
change of such views has undoubtedly
b?en produced during recent years by
tho doctrines of evolution. Change as
profound was produced further back
by astronomical science and conse
quent discovery of the place of the
earth, man's habitation, in space and
time. There Is nothing so subject to
the principle of evolution as theolne-imi
science if theology, which la merely a
record of human opinion and its
changes, can be called a science. The
branch known as eschatology Is per
haps the most changeful and Indeter
minate of all. There are as many vary
ing "views of the hereafter" as there
are 'Individuals of the human species.
Apologies are not due from Dr. Newton.
Traffics Manager CamDbell's rpnlv. nn
behalf of the O. R. & N., to the North
ern Pacific, printed' elsewhere in this
paper, makes interesting reading-, it
will be seen that Mr. Campbell joins
issuo directly with Mr. Mellen over a
statement; of fact This part of the
controversy, therefore, is a question of
veracity, and must be susceptible -of'
documentary proof, one way or the
other. The O. R. & N.'s offer for the
future, however, is a different thing.
If It is bona fide, and there Is no rea
son to doubt its genuineness, the decis
ion of the Northern Pacific to route its
Eastern Washington wheat by way of
Tacoma must, If adhered to, rest on
some other basis than the considera
tions Hitherto alleged. It has the privi
lege of announcing merely that It pre
fers to haul Its wheat over Its own
lines. That Is its business, , and that
would be a candid declaration. As to
the actual effect of the new arrange
ment upon the movement of wheat, The
Oregorilan will endeavor to follow It In
due time, and print the -facts.
The Street Fair and Carnival has pro
gressed far enough to make it a cer
tainty that Portland will be overrun
with visitors as it has never been be
fore. They are coming- by the trainload
from all over the Pacific Northwest,
and even from Montana.JJtah and Cali
fornia. The moral is, spruce up. Streets
and sidewalks, stores .and dwellings,
should be neat and presentable. Paint,
repair, clean up. Everybody has n
duty In this respect. A good impres
sion, may bring forth fruit In Invest
ment of capital or active business ven
tures. Some of our fellow-citizens profess to
have a profound dread of militarism.
Tet they apparently wish to provoke a
war with Great Britain, whose re
sources for war exceed those of any
other nation of the world. And, they
profess to think we are "subservient"
to Great Britain because, we do not
provoke a war with' her on South Af
rica, the Alaskan boundary, the Chi
nese question, or what not. These es
teemed fellow-citizens are only talking
for the purpose of an election in the
United States.
There is positively no difference be
tween the title by .which we took Lou
isiana, Florida and California and that
by which we took Porto Rico and the
Philippines. The inhabitants were not
consulted In either case, and there was
no more "outrage" In one than in an
other. Even the horses of the Willamette
"Valley will laugh at Game Warden
Quimby's discovery that sportsmen
obey the game laws but farmers do not.
What are game laws for, the horses
would like to know, if not to keep city
folks out of the woods so the farmer
can get all the came?
- SLINGS 'AND ARROWS, '
Tie Tra.naplaa.-ted Csyae.
(Oregon cayuses are to bo caught and
sold to stockbuyers, who will break them
to saddle and find a market for them for
riding-ponies In Chicago.) Local news
Item.
He will shako tb buncagrasa prairies, where
he garnered collhood's Joys.
For surroundings altogether new and strange.
He will swap the bold cow-punchers for the
small Chicago boys.
And he'll save himself from canning by the
change, - -
And If you see him cantering along the Lake
shore drive.
You'll never know him for the nag who ran
Around the hills and rlmrocks, looking very
much alive.
But all the same with one foot In the can.
Will he miss the gaunt coyote, whose crescendo
evensong
Awakened terror. In hla youthful breast.
As It rang across the prairie when the pony
loped alone
To find a sheltered hlljslde nook and rest?
Will hs jniss the. fleet Jackrabblt. who would
wlustle through the air,
A streak of ears and fur and that was all?
Will he think of him I wonder, when ha sees
the Belgian hare
Cooped up in wire netting by bis stallT
He will wear a shiny saddle, set with burnished
studs of brass.
He will champ a bit that gleams with silver
plate.
He wilt see the horseless carriages and stylish
turnouts "pass.
And he'll learn to trot a dainty mincing gait.
He'll forget the restful Slwa3h""" who could only
smoke and grunt
Within his tepee on tho canyon side.
He'll forget the boys who used to do a lofty
tumbling stunt,
When they lassooed him and sought to get a
ride.
But In shiny leather trappings or before a
varnished cart.
He will be a cayuse pony just the same.
They can alter his environment, but never
change, his heart.
And 'they'll find a. cyclone easier to tame.
He's a pretty long-tailed pony, when he gal
lops o'er the plain.
But he's meant for ornament and not for use.
And they'll teach him city manners and &
gentle gait In vain,
For he's Just a vicious-tempered brute cayuse.
A Flshtlnar Race.
Ould Oirland's pllnty lv bccollent flghtln' min.
They always come out when there's war In
the air.
The throuble with Kruger got mighty excitin
whin
Thtm Boers got the word that ould Roberts
was there.
And the flrhtin in Chlny, an Oirlshman's
ladin' It,
Before him the King an' thim Boxer mln
cowers,
Twas only last night that ould Biddy was
radln' It.
Tho armies belongs to a moa thot's named
Powers.
Intercepted Telegrams.
Shanghai, Aug. 1.
Kwang Hsu, Alleged Emperor, City Jail,
Pekin:
-"Powers want to know where the Min
isters are. Answer. L. H. OHANG.
Pekin, Aug. 2.
Ii. H. Chanjj, Shanghai:
Am not in jail. Fine you 1,000.000 taels
for lese-majeste Implied in word "alleged."
Keep them guessing. K. HSU.
Shanghai, Aug. 3.
K. Hsu, Kaiser, "Pekin:
Powers will scalp me If I don't tell them
where Ministers are. L. H. CHANG.
Pekin, Aug. 4.
L. H. Chang, Shanghai:
Ask them how they'd like to be the Ice
man. I am no Kaiser. Don't get funny
with your betters. K. HSU.
Shanghai, Aug. 5.
K. Hsu, Ice-Trust Magnate, Pekin r
Porters say they will commandeer my
property if you don't fork over thoe Min
isters. Are going to march to Pekin.
What's" to be did? Rush answer.
!. H. CHANG.
Pekin, Aug. 6.
L. H. Cham?, Shanghai:
Tell them to wait a week. Do you think
I'm Dick Croker? Fine jou another mill
Ion for lese-majeste. Am going to sea
side. Don't bother me with any more
telegrams. K. HSU.
Shanghai, Aug. 7.
K. Hsu, Pekin (Forward):
Powers on the march. Say they will
hamstring me if Ministers are not deliv
ered. What shall I do? Rush answer.
L. H. CHANS.
Ho Tell-by-the-Sea, Auer. 8.
Xi.H. Chang, Shanghai:
What's the matter with hari-kari?
K. HSU.
Shanghai, Aug. 9.
K. Hsu, Pekin (Forward):'
Emperor William has told his troops to
boll you In oil. Situation critical. Ru3h
answer today. L. H. CHANG.
Ho Tell-by-the-Sea, Aug.'lL
D. H. Chang," Shanghai:
Coghlanlze him. Can't you let me
alone? . k. HSU.
. .Shanghai. Ant 12N
KHsu, Pekin (Forward):
Powers have got me up a kopje. How
about those Ministers? Answer immedi
ately. L. H. CHANG.
Ho Tell-by-the-Sea, Aug. 12, 11:59 P. M.'
E.;H. Chang, Shanghai:
What Ministers? K. HSU.
And here, unfortunately, some one cut
tne wires, ana ivan Li, the correspondent,
was able to" follow the dispatches no fur
ther. t After the- Storm.
Grass is-growln' greener.
And the sky is brighter blue,
Flejds. an' woods an' mountains.
Has took on a warmer hue.
Air Is feelln' "freiher.
An" we like to breath It deep,
Nights Is sort o chilly.
Just the kln'd to make you sleep;
Ain't no dust a-floatln'
In tho" breeze that rustles by.
vAIn't no' smoke a drlftin'
Hero an'-sthcre across the sky,
Mornin's crisp and bracln.
An' the days Is bright an' warm,
Nothin' qulto 450 sweetnin'
As a Summer thunder storm.
J. J. MONTAGUE.
The North Carolina Amendment.
The Oregonlan, In common with other Hanna
organs, protests when the South makes an ed
ucational and property qualification for tho
voter. In the South thUs strikes at the negro
Republican voter. But these papers have noth
ing to- say against a similar law In Rhode
Island, where it affects the poor white man.
With these organs it Is a mere question as to
which ticket they vote as to the Justice of any
law. A law that" disfranchises the "poor
white trash" is -all rlch.t, but It is all wrong
when the same law disfranchises the Repub
lican negro. There Is a. marked difference In
the case when tho Republican ox is being gored.
Portland Dispatch.
It may be supposed the Dispatch does
not know this amendment in North Caro
lina was devised, drawn and enacted ex
pressly for'the purpose on the one hand
of disfranchising the Illiterate black man.
and as expressly for the purpose of saving
the elective franchise to the illiterate
white man, on the other. An educational
qualification Is all right. The Oregonlan
would say the more severe the better. But
why require more of the negro, than of the
white man?
OREGON FIELDS INSIIDSDUS1ER.
TUa being the time of year when the
elemental nomadic instinct is most alive
.in us, the present ruthless abandonment
of urban comforts and home cheer In
favor of spray-washed rocks and forest
coverts must be viewed as quite In the
course of Nature. Probably civilization
will never entirely eradicate the native
savagery of man that still shows Itself
at Intervals in an affinity for what Is
wild and unsubudued and tameless. This
annual outcropplnyof the race-old noma
dic -Instinct the restless Impulse to possess-
ourselves- of Nature's unconquered
solitudes, If only for a Summer's day Is
necessarily strong In the- people of. the
Pacific Coast whose largest Inheritance
Is a hunger for new dominion that no
peril can quench, no calamity daunt; a
people who, only a generation ago urged
by the stern pioneer spirit that braves
new- dangers In order to win a new vantage-ground
for the race pushed on.
stubborn and resistless, to the boundary
line of Anglo-Saxon sovereignty.
This, at last. Is the garden of their
content; and this, the heyday of the year,
when the primal nomadic spirit of unrest
returns. Is the time set apart by Nature
for exploration and discovery, taking an
Inventory of Its wonders. A bold enter
prise certainly. Not In one, two, nor yet
in half a dozen generations, will the feat
be accomplished. A hundred years from
now there will still be craggy heights un
sealed by man, priceless veins of ore
still locked In the silence and darkness
of the rocks, lava caves still unopened
by spectacled geologist Jeweled arrow
heads and Indian amulets still unsought
In the sand3 of the river-bed, tender mys
teries of bird-life and fiower-Uf e still un
solved by puzzled botanist and ornitholo
gist No doubt the best way Is to begin
humbly with the beauties that He near
est one the flowers, whose thousand and
one elusive charms of color dull-witted
man has not been able yet even to find
names for, though he has tried It In three
languages, Greek, Latin, and the vernac
ular. A few weeks ago as we looked
abroad oyer the fields, the whole world
seemed to have a whimsical attack of
the blues. Heaven Itself must have been
surprised. Had earth received a special
commission to be its understudy? No
two blossoms in the field exactly tallied
in hue. Each one apparently had a differ
ent conception of what blue ought to
be; the lupine made 20 different shifts at
It In a single flower; the iris started out
bravely, but grew discouraged and faded
Into a melancholy lilac; the wild hyacinth
and lilac were a bit too timid; but the
larkspur and the corn-flowers showed tbe
full courage of their convictions in a blue
that was deeper than the sky itself at
Midsummer.
That mood passed, however, for Mother
Earth is as variable a creature as any
of her children; and now the woods and
fields are aglow with yellow splendor; the
year grows bolder as she grows older, and
mixes her dyes with freer hand. Tbe
vulgar tar-weed that flooded the meadows
with sunlight a week ago. Is giving way
to more pretentious beauties. Ealt of the
Cascades, where the air Is drier than
here, countless thousands of sunflowers
are holding high carnival. Gaudy, flaunt
ing things, you say, these sunflowers;
Nature was In sportive mood when she
made them, and plainly intended them f ot
caricatures. If so, old Sol Is not the only
one on whom the laugh was turned by
Mother Earth when she modeled the
sunflower.
Hand a microscope to a grumbltng so
cialist who believes that the world la
made up of two classes. Idlers and work
ers. He will 3how you that every sun
flower Is a picture of the -world In minia
ture. It Is not a single flower after all,
but a whole colony of flowers. Each one
ot the yellow false petals that encircle
the heart and give the plant Its brilliant
color, .is. in fact a 'distinct flower. They
are the Idlers, living only for show, who
take no part in the work of the colony,
bearing no seed. All the real workers are
huddled out of sight into a compact group
In the center, for they are too small to
be seen by the naked eye, yet It Is they
who attend to the big duty of propagat
ing the species. Every sunflower, there
fore, Is a colony of some hundred or more
Individual flowers, each with Us separate
mission,' whether ot ornament or of use
ful -work, governed no doubt by laws of
supply and demand, quite like the great
world around It
The golden-rod, which Is Just now in
Its perfection, and may be found In al
most any shady thicket around Portland,
is even more complex. It furnishes an
interesting study of co-operation, for the
work of the' plant is much more evenly
divided than in the sunflower, all the mi
croscopic flowerets bravely bearing their
share In the division, of labor. This ia es
sentially a democratic community, each
flowercstalk being composed of a dozen or
so groups of tiny commonwealths, ao that
the whole is a republic very much lllce
the one In which we live.
These "composite Cowers" the sun
flower, golden-rod and a multitude of
others are the most complex and perfect
type yet evolved in flower-life, and at
the' same time the most abundant, for
they are found on every hillside. August
and September are above all other months
of the year the most favorable for study
ing them. Many ot the composltae still
contain unsolved mysteries. No doubt It
would sound fantastic and absurd to ad
vise -our philosophers and statesmen to
throw aside all their old tenets and hum
bly go to these common wayside flowers
for wisdom yet who will say that If they
did so they might not find systems of
government that would startle the world
no less than .did Plato's "Republic" or
More's -"Utopia" in centuries past?
GERTRUDE METCALFE.
Along: the "Way.
Ripley T. Saunders In St. Louis Republic
A little love, a little cheerfulness.
AJlttle sense ot home along the way,
A little heartening In the battle's stress,
A little singing at the close of day
And oht this life is not all cold and gray.
But sweet with comfort and with sunshine
bright.
If that we keep, each helping as he may,
Theso little things in sight.
A little hope, a little faith serene.
A little word of strength for those "who fall.
A llitle smiling, tho' the tears come between,
A little charity If need should call
And O! not paltry Is our life, nor small.
But big and fine and filled with sweet do.
light.
If that we keep, each for the sake of all.
These little things in sight.
America Setx tne Styles.
Washington Times.
Among other things the Parisians are
learning from the grea.t crowd of Ameri
can women who are attending the Paris
Exposition Is how to dress properly. It
it noticeable everywhere In France that
the ladles from this country who are
visiting the big- cities of that country as
a part of their attendance at the expo
sition are dressed in better taste than
ever a Parisian dreamed of. The Western
Continent before very long will take away
the palm of setting the fashion from
the dressmakers and milliners on the
other side of the Atlantic
MASTERPIECES OF LITERATURE
-XX VI.
Aphorisms of Jesus.
Let the dead, bury their dead.
Judge not. that y be not Judged.
Tho kingdom ot God is within you.
Blessed are the pure In heart: for they
shall see God.
The spirit Indeed is willing, but tho
flesh Is weak.
Blesied are the meek: for they shall
Inherit tho earth.
It the blind lead the blind, both shall
fall Into the ditch.
Be ye therefore wise as serpents, and
harmless as doves.
If a. house be divided against Itself that
house cannot stand.
If any man will do His -will, ho shall
know of the doctrine.
The sabbath was made for man, and
fnot man for the sabbath.
I am not come to call the righteous,
but" sinners .to repentance.
The life Is more than meat, and the
body Is more than raiment.
The disciple Is not above his master,
nor the servant above his lord.
Te are tho light of the world. A city
that Is set on a hill cannot bo hid.
Whatsoever ye would that men should
do to you. do ye even so to them.
For wheresoever tho carcass la. there
will the eagles be gathered together.
When thou doest alms, let not thy left
hand know what thy right hand doeth.
God Is a spirit: and they that worship
him must worship him in Bplrlt and in
truth.
Te shall know them by their fruits. Do
men gather grapes-of thorns, or figs of
thistles?
Think not that I am come to send peace
on earth: X came not to send peace, but
a sword.
No man. having put his hand to the
plough, and looking back, is fit for tho
kingdom of God.
Suffer little children to come unto me,
and forbid them not: for of such is the
kingdom of God.
Render therefore unto Caesar the things
which are Caesar's; and unto God the
things that are God's.
Think not that I am come to destroy
the law, or the prophets: I am not come
to destroy, but to fulfill.
Whosoever therefore shall humble him
self as this little child, the same Is great
est In the kingdom of heaven.
If they hear not Moses and the proph
ets, neither will they be persuaded,
though one rose from the dead.
But seek ye first the kingdom of God,
and his righteousness; and all these
things shall be added unto you.
It Is easier for a camel to go through
the eye of a needle, than for a rich man
to enter Into the kingdom of God.
Whosoever shall do the will of nr
Father which Is In heaven, the same Is
my brother, and si3ter, and mother.
Not that which goeth Into the mouth
deflleth a man; but that which cometh
out of the mouth, this deflleth a man.
He that Is faithful In that which Is
least Is faithful also In much: and he
that Is unjust In the least Is unjust also
In much.
Take heed, and beware of covetous
ness; for a man's life consisteth not In
the abundance of tho things which, he
possesseth.
Make to yourself friends of the mam
mon of unrighteousness; that when ye
fall, they may receive you Into everlaat
lng habitations.
For what Is a man profited If hoc shall
gain the whole world, and lose his own
soul? or what shall a man give In ex
change for his soul?
He that loveth father or mother more
than me Is not worthy of me: and he
that loveth son or daughter more than
me Is not worthy of mo.
Not even one that salth unto me. Lend,
Lord, shall enter Into tho kingdom of
heaven; but he that doeth thn will of
my Father which Is in heaven.
For unto every one that hath shall be
given, and he shall have abundance: but
from him that hath not; shall be takes
away even that which he hath.
Give not that which is .holy unto tha
dogs, neither cast ye your pearls before
swine, lest they trample them under their
feet, and turn again and rend you.
And If thine eye offend thee, pluck it
out; it Is better for thee to enter into
the kingdom of God with one eye. than
having two eyes to be cast into hell fire.
X say unto you, that likewise Joy ahull
be in heaven over one sinner that ?e
penteth, more than over ninety and nisa
Just persons, which need no repentance.
If ye then, being e-rtL know how to jrrwa
good gifts unto your children, how much
more shall your Father, which Is hs
heaven, give good things to them that
ask him?
And whosoever shall give Xcf drink unto
one of theso little, ones a cup of cold
water only in the name of a disciple,
verily I say unto you, he shall In no wise
lose his reward.
Consider the 'lliiea'of "the" field, how they
grow; they toil not neither do they
spin: and yet I say unto you,, that even
Solomon In all his glory was not arrayed
like one of these.
The hour cometh, when ye shall neither
in this mountain, nor yet at Jerusalem,
worship the Father. But the hour cometh,
and now is, when the true worshippers
rnoXX worship the Father In spirit and
in truth.
Come unto me all ye that labor and are
heavy laden, and I will give you rest
Take my yoke upon you. and learn of
me; for I am meek and lowly In heart:
and ye shall find rest unto your souls.
For my yoke Is easy, and ray burden la
light
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with
all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and
with all they mind. This la the first and
great commandment And the second Is
like unto It, Thou shalt love thy neighbor
as thyself. On these two commandments
hang all the law and tne prophets.
Let not your heart be troubled: ye be-
llve In God. believe also m me.
In my Father's house are many man
sions: if It were not so, X would havo
told you. I go to prepare a place for you.
And If I go and prepare a place for you,
I will come again and receive you unto
myself; that where I am, there ye may
be also.
No man putteth a piece ot new cloth
unto an old garment; for that which la
put In to All It up taketh from the gar
ment, and the rent Is made worse. Nei
ther do men put new wine into old bot
tles: else the bottles break, and the wine
runneth out, and the bottles perish: but i
they put new wine Into new bottles, and J
both are preserved.
Woe unto you, scribes and Pharisees,
hypocrites! for ye shut up the kingdom
of heaven against men: ror ye neither
go in yourselves, neither suffer ye them
that are entering to go In. Woe unto
you. scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites I ,
for ye devour widows houses, and for a
pretense make long prayers; therefore ye
shall receive the greater damnation. Woa i
unto you. scribes and Pharisees, hypo-j
crites! for ye compass sea and land to j
r.ake one proselyte; and when he Is mae. ;
ye make him twofold more the child j
of hell than yourselves. Woe unto you,j
icrbes and Pharisees, hypocrites' for yej
ftr- like unto whlted sepulchres, which
indeed appear beautiful outward, but -are t
within fulof dead men's bones, and of
au uncieanness.