"." '"StJoWT".
-j -Vi-(. - ,Vp
THE SUNDAY OREGONlAN, IPOBTLAND, rAPML' 15, 1900. '
i--n- s-y-r " v-- - ., -.- f- .-cry- --v tt-f-;T' r--r - -ws7t.p!----vijt- rw r" """Tr """? S 'TT VJ.?1" 'T,rfT 1 ti , '.. lv' 'WJW'IIMflft, JMklLPJinBBSB-ML NUWHGrSJ!iJJ !lft--T5TP- t -5l""??r7svSf,'--aFd.5'w Vi ' ' ,.
t-'v, i' '-v r- - v I
to regirctia-n
Catered at the Postofllc at Fortland, Oltiw
a second-clan matter.
TELEPHONES.
Sdltorla! Rooms.... 1M I Business OSce.
.ear
KEV1SED SUBSCRIPTION KATES.
Br Mali postage prepaid. In Advance
Sally, wlthSunday. per month. ........t0 S3
Sally. Sunday excepted, per Tear...... 7 SO
Dally, with Sunday, per Tear 00
Sunday, per rear 2 00
The Weekly, per year.....-......-- 1 SO
Tee Weekly. 3 months... ............. ... &0
To City, Subscribers
JSaily. per week, dellrered. Sunday eroepted-lSe
Sally, per week, dellrered. Sundays IncludedOa
The Oregcnlan does not buy poems or stories
from Individuals, and cannot undertake to ra
ters any manuscripts sect to It without solicita
tion. No stamps should be Inclosed lor this
purpose.
Pugtt Sound Bureau Captain A. Thompson,
eac at III I Paclfio avenue. Tacoma. Box 813.
Xacoma postofflce.
Eastern Business Ofi"ee The Tribune build
ing. New York city: 'The Rookery." Chicago;
the E. a Beckwlth special agency. New Tork.
For sal In San Francisco by J. K. Cooper.
T4C Market street, near the Palaos hotel, and
at GoliimUh Bros., 236 Sutter street.
For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co
517 Dearborn street.
TODAY'S WEATHER. Fair and wanner;
northwest winds. '
rOItTLAXD, SUMJAY, AI'IUL 15.
3ICAXIG OF nASTEIL
The Jews of the ancient time had no
.positive belief In the Immortality of the
leoul. That belief came to them as a
Blow growth, mingled much, according
Ho the custom of thought In the whole
' Eastern world, with various notions of
Jmetempsychosls. The Jews of the time
,of Jesus, with the possible exception
tof the Sadducees, believed in the lm-
.mortallty of the soul. According to the
.doctrine of the Pharisees, the souls of
linen pass Immediately after death Into
sheol, or hades, which Is divided Into
two parts, paradlso and gehenna, a
(place of reward and a place
jof punishment. Tet It was no real
or vigorous life which existed in
' this paradise, which was somewhere In
the under world, and a return to the
'tipper world, or the resurrection, was
)-the sole condition of entering upon the
Hull enjoyment of existence. The doc
jtrlne was analogous to that of Homer's
'tinder world, where Odysseus found the
'eouls of his departed companions, fee
'ble ghosts, longing to revisit the upper
world. The Pharisees seem to have
believed in the resurrection of the orig
inal body; but the question who, ac
cording to their belief, were to have a
part in the resurrection is involved in
obscurity. Were the pious Israelites
.only to be raised, or the good and bad
Israelites, or all men? According to
Joseplius, this fortune was to be that
of the gocd alone, presumably of the
Jewish people.
The student of the Jewish doctrine
of the resurrection, says Dr. Orello
Cone, must be on. his guard against
Imposing upon It the modern Christian
conceptions of the present life and the
life to come. In other words, the Jew
ish doctrine must be regarded as con
nected with the national Messianic ex
pectations. While the Messiah was
originally conceived as merely a tempo
rary ruler descended from David and
having no connection with a judgment
and resurrection, he is represented
about the time of Jesus-as clothed with
the functions of a Judge. To what ex
tent this Idea prevailed among the Jews
in Jesus' time, it Is Impossible to deter
mine; but its presence is plainly indi
cated In the apocalyptic accounts of the
second coming in the synoptic Gospels,
and in Paul's conception of the event.
The teaching of Jesus regarding the
life to come is somewhat differently
conceived, according to the mental or
spiritual constitution of those who con
sider it. It is of greatest importance,
continues Dr. Cone, to discriminate
between the explicit teachings of Jesus
and his allusion to and acceptance of
current beliefs of his time without de
veloping them or giving Importance to
them by special sanction or enforce
ment. But it may be set down as a
sound principle that the sayings of
Jesus regarding the condition and for
tune of men after death can only be
correctly interpreted when the current
opinions in his time on the subject are
taken into account, and a discrimina
tion Is made between what Is didactic
In his words and what is a mere refer
ence to or appropriation of these opin
ions without a didactic purpose.
In a penetrating discourse on the an
swer of Jesus to tho Sadducees, Dr.
James Martlnenu says, finely, that this
answer "proclaims as an element of his
religion the Impossibility of human
death. It insists that where once tne
moral union is realized between the all
loving God and the spirits which he
loves and trains into his likeness and
draws towards himself. It becomes In
credible that he should destroy that
union and put an end to the very object
of his culture and affection."
Here is the simple yet profound idea
of Immortality. The notion of tho res
urrection of the material body has been
the scaffolding necessary, no doubt
that has carried It. The human mind
cannot rise at once to sublime heights,
without such supports. In this doc
trine of immortality is the significance
of the Easter festival. There is an im
mense land of mystery in the relations
between body and spirit. Man has the
consciousness of Immortality, and ever
more is trying to verify It. The main
instrument of the Christian world in
this endeavor is the legend of the res
urrection, which will always be part
of the Christian creed; but mankind,
more and more, will use its intelligence
In interpreting it& character.
TOUTO" ItICO AVTJ "MOUXT TA
COMA." The Boardof Geographic Names re
cently instructed everybody to spell the
island as the Spaniards &pelled It,
"Puerto Rico." This board was organ
ized under the act of September, 1890,
and under the law all unsettled ques
tions concerning geographic names
which arise are referred to it, and the
decisions of the board are to be ac
cepted by the departments as the
standard authority in such matters
Congress, however, declines to follow
tho decision of boards of Its own crea
tion, for the acts recently passed con
cerning the Island spell Its name
"Porto" Rico. The Foraker bill spelled
the name "Puerto" Rico through all Us
stages until the 7th InsU, when, on mo
tion of Senator Foraker, the word
"Puerto," wherever It occurred In the
bill, was changed to "Porto," and in
that shape the bill passed the Senate.
So we have two acts of Congress call
ing the island "Porto" Rico In viola
tion of its long-established name and in
contempt of the Board of Geographic
Names, created by Congress itself.
This defiance of official orthography
by Congress reminds us that during his.
term of office President Harrison sent
a message to the Senate insisting that
the decisions of the board on geo
graphic names be respected by all
officers of the Government, and one- of
these decisions abolished Mount Ta
homa, or Tacoma. President Harrison
in this message wrote himself down as
a historical and geographical Image
breaker to the good people of Tacoma,
who to this day are not disposed to
regard Tacoma as a "lost mountain,"
but insist that Mount Rainier, not Ta
coma, was (he "lost mountain," or de
served to be. Officially, there Is no
recognition of any such, mountain as
"Tacoma" on the standard United
States maps, geographies or histories,
any more than you can locate the lost
Pleiad on an astronomical chart or
"the lost cause" in South Carolina.
The people of Tacoma are charged by
the people of Seattle with having in
vented "Mount Tacoma," and describe
it as their only monument of inventive
skill, which President Harrison offi
cially demolished by officially denying
Its right to exist. Of course, the State
of 'Washington suffered nothing abso
lutely by the loss of Mount Tacoma, for
Mount Rainier remains. Mr. Hyde no
longer walks the fields of earth, but Dr.
Jekyll is still a visible presence.
THE CIIATvGB IX NEW
ENGLAKD
LIFE.
The rapid change in New England
life the lost fifty years Is set forth with
keen and forcible pen In the life of
Charles Francis Adams by his son of
the same name. Mr. Adams, in his
very interesting book, describes a social
situation In Boston In 1845 that has ut
terly disappeared, not only from Bos
ton, but from all the Important cities of
New England. In those days, wnen
Boston had but 150.000 inhabitants, a
man was subject to social ostracism if
his political opinions were at variance
with those of Boston's best society.
Charles Francis Adams came of patri
cian Puritan stock; his father and
grandfather had filled the office of
President of the United States with
great ability and honor: he was a grad
uate ot Harvard; he was cold, reticent,
reserved in manner and speech, but,
like Wendell Phillips and Charles Sum
ner, In spite of the bearing and appear
ance of an aristocrat, he was at bottom
a man of broad, humane sympathies
and democratic principles. He enlisted
in the anti-slavery struggle at a time
when few men of his temperament,
training and social station were found
on that side. Up to 1816. when Mr. Ad
ams became conspicuous as the advo
cate of abolition within the TJnlofl and
under the Constitution, he was a wel
come figure in the houses of Bostons
best society, which was then a commu
nity of able, upright merchants, who
believed in God but believed that Dan
iel Webster was his prophet- This pe
culiar Boston, which has gone never to
return, has been described as "close,
hard, consolidated, with a uniform
stamp on all, and opinion running in
grooves In politics Whig, In faith Uni
tarian and Episcopalian."
Charles Francis Adams, while his an
cestral home was In Qulncy, was a
child of the Puritan, patrician class as
much as Phillips, whom Boston could
not swallow and rejected as early as
1837, but Adams, like Sumner, held on
to Boston's Whig society until the Mex
ican war of 1816-48 brought him Into
collision with Robert' C Wlnthrop and
Daniel Webster, and then his social and
political fate, was sealed. Mr. Adams
was a leader of the "conscience Whigs"
in their contest against the Webster
Conservatives, or "cotton Whigs,"
which ended at the Whig State Con
vention of 1846 In the total discomfiture
of the "conscience" faction, driving
Adams out Into the Free Soil party,
whose candidate for Vice-President he
became on the Van Buren ticket In 1848.
In those days, so Intense was the polit
ical feeling between the Whig factions
that every rich Boston Whig slammed
his doors In Sumner's face, as he had
ten years before in that of Wendell
Phillips, and George TIcknor wrote a
letter to George S. Hilllard defending
this social ostracism of men who were
of "unsound political faith." It was
not possible to turn down Charles Fran
cis Adams socially,, as it had been
Phillips and Sumner, but it Is said that
Adams and Rufus Choate, when they
met socially, glared at each other like
two ugly dogs, for Choate was never
tired of speaking of John Qulncy Ad--
ams as "the last Adams." Richard H.
Dana was treated with the some rude
ness as Sumner, and when he asked an
explanation, was bluntly told that his
family, his character and his social
breeding were excellent, but that his
political opinions were so detestable, so
vulgar, as to warrant his exclusion
from good society. How strange this
sounds today, when all over the coun
try political differences seldom disturb
social relations!
The Boston of today Is not distin
guished for the social warmth of Its
people of Puritan lineage, but the Bos
ton of 1845-46 was a repellent city. Its
best society was narrow, formal, self
conscious, pedantic, marked by that
absurd kind of portentous gravity
which stupid men with long purses In
variably affect to divert attention from
the shortness of their heads. It was
this society, utterly despotic over In
dividual thought, which .branded Phil
lips as a fanatic in 1S35, sent Emerson
into denominational xile In 1S3S, and
his great apostle, Parker, In 1843, while
Adams and Sumner had to go Into po
litical and social Siberia the moment
they dared to differ politically from
Daniel Webster and Robert C. Wln
throp. Wlnthrop so bitterly resented
a political letter of Sumner's attacking
his support of the Mexican War that he
refused personally to recognize him
thenceforth in public or private life.
The power of this stern social tyranny,
which successfully sought to bulldoze a
man In both religion and politics by the
threat of ostracism in Boston of 1845,
passed away with the death of the
Whig party. The kind of society that
sent Phillips, Emerson, Parker and Ad
ams Into social exile is utterly obsolete.
The old families are either extinct, ob
scure or utterly emasculated of domi
nating political influence.
The old race of "Bllver tops" -In poli
tics that used to dine and wine the
wealth and culture of both continents
and belonged to the charmed circle of
the Brahmin caste in art and literature,
no longer rules public opinion in Bos
ton politics. Its rising and ruling gen
eration are not persons who have in
herited any peculiar reverence for the
memory of Webster or any particular
knowledge of Bostonese art and litera
ture. Boston long ago ceased to be a
provincial commupity where nobody
could be elected Mayor unless he heid a
diploma from Harvard College. Bos
ton's city government is largely con
trolled by Irish-Americans of, Roman
Catholic faith, a revolution In, rJubUo
opinion since the days -when a fanati
cal native American mob burned a
Catholic orphan asylum In Charles
town. Better Boston, ruled by Irish-Americans,
represented In Congress by Irish
Americans of Roman Catholic faith,
than the petty minded, purse-proud,
pedantic Boston plutocracy that sent
its genius, its conscience, its eloquence
and Its scholarship into social and po
litical exile fifty years ago. On the site
of Wendell Phillips' old home, in Essex
street, may be seen a mural tablet recit
ing the fact that ".Here for more than
forty years lived Wendell Phillips," etc
This tablet was placed there by action
of the Irish-Americans who composed
the city .government of Boston. The
sons of tle merchants who mobbed
Phillips for years saw the stain on Bos
ton's scutcheon wlped off by Irish
Americans of Roman Catholic faith,
who hastened at their first official op
portunity to honor a man whose hu
manity knew no distinction of race,
creed, color, sex, rank or condition of
life.
PENSIONERS OF PITY.
Even the public service, practical.
hard, unmitigated grind that It Is, or Is
supposed to be, has Its pathetic side.
An Illustration of this fact Is found In
a late resolution of the United States
Senate calling upon the heads of de
partments In Washington to furnish a
statement of the number of employes In
each, together with their ages and the
number Incapacitated for any reason.
It Is not, strictly speaking, this reso
lution that Is pathetic, since it is simply
a plain, cold-blooded business inquiry,
but the answers are coming in, and
therein lies the pathos of the situation.
In the Treasury Department, a total
of 331 .old, but not aged, men are em
ployed"; that Is to say, there Is this
number of men between 60 and 64 years
of age, whose names appear upon the
payroll. This showing does not for the
present Indicate the Incapacity through
age of these employes, since very many
men are able at the time of life desig
nated to perform clerical work in on
efficient manner. But when we go on
through the list we find that 100 men
between the ages of 65 and 69; 56 be
tween 70 an.d 74; 24 between 75 and 79,
and 10 who are over SO, are employed
in this department. The dwindling list
shows how rapidly men drop out of
even a protected position. Involving tht
dally discharge of certain routine du
ties, after the age of 65 years, while It
is more than probable that they do not
drop out as fast as the actual good of
the service demands.
This is not said in a spirit of criticism
of the endeavor of old men In Indus
trial life. It Is merely stating an un
pleasant. Immutable fact as reverently
as may be. In plain words, that the
Industrial force of mankind, as applied
to the "wage-earning capacity, rapidly
approaches Its limit after three-score
years of effort, and that the services
of men nearly four-score cannot be
profitably employed In earning voca
tions. The pity of It Is that there are old
men in such numbers as this Inquiry
develops who find it necessary to hold
on, literally with a death grip, to posi
tions for the sake of the pay, the duties
of which they can no longer efficiently
I perform. Pensioners of pity, the Gov
ernment approaches the subject of their
dismissal for the sake of the public
good hesitatingly, and even refuses to
consider the discharge of these aged
servitors. The press, guided by a like
feeling., .touches lightly upon the mat
ter, while acknowledging that the pro
cess of employing old men to perform
labor to which physically and mentally
they are unequal; and even their com
rades of the Grand Army, while urging
the consideration for these aged toilers
which no one refuses, regret the condi
tions which make It necessary for them
to keep on the harness of labor when It
hangs loosely upon their shrunken
shoulders.
The lesson In all this Is to young men
and men In middle life not to the old
men, who keep halting step In the ranks
of labor. For these men there Is noth
ing left but to keep going as long as
they are permitted to do so, or until
time, more Inexorable than the Govern
ment, .sets the, farthest limit to their
endeavor. But' to the mighty host
made up of vigorous men who work for
their living, the spectacle of the old
men's contingent in the labor army. In
the Government service and out of It,
should be an Incentive to thrift, of
which but the half is earning, the other
half saving.
WILD FLOWEIIS, EAST AXD WEST.
A correspondent, whose letter will be
found elsewhere, takes the superficial
view that "New England has this ad
vantage, her flowers linger later; all
through the late Summer and Autumn
there is something, to repay a woodland
walk." The Oregonlan knows the flora
of New England and of Western Oregon
and Washington, and does not agree
with this conclusion. There are at least
as many wild flowers blooming through
the late Summer and Autumn In Ore
gon as In Vermont; and we believe
there are more, because not a few Ore
gon Spring flowers and shrubs often
bloom a second time In Autumn: nota
bly the flowering dogwood, the clay
tonla and the lupine. In September
you will And as many flowers surviv
ing In Oregon as In New England. The
goldenrod Is but feebly represented In
Oregon, but there Is larger wealth and
variety of wild asters, and they survive
as late as In New England. In Sep
tember anybody can And pentstemons
still In bloom at Elk Rock. The oxalls
and the hawkweeds last as long with
us as they do In New England. The
September flowers in New England are
few, and in October, outside of the as
ters, and In Southern Vermont the
fringed gentian, there Is nothing save
the wltchhazel. In September In Ver
mont you will find occasionally speci
mens of belated flowers of August, like
the cardinal flower, ladles' tresses,
harebells. Just as we And sometimes be
lated specimens of the wild columbine
and other May flowers as late as Au
gust, but It Is as true of Vermont as It
Is of Oregon that there are few flowers
after August save asters, hawkweeds
and kindred coarso plants. I
A September walk In the woods and
thickets In the vicinity of Portland will
discover to the observant eye as many
blooms as you will And in New Eng
land. The superiority of New England
woods In Autumn does not He In the
wild flowers, but In the brilliant glow of
the Autumn foliage. The Oregonlan
doe3 not agree with Its correspondent
that "there is a great difference be
tween this country and New" England
In the distribution of Flora's gifts";
that "vegetation by comparison is
monotonous." Our correspondent says
.that in Vermont she had "to co to ana
woods for columbine and bloodroot; to
another for trientalls; to another for
bluets, and yet another for Iris, meadow
lilies," while "the trailing arbutus was
two. miles away." The Oregonlan sus
pects that our correspondent has not
searched the woods about Portland
very thoroughly, or she would find that
wild flowers are distributed quite as
variously as In Vermont. Ot course,
there are certain flowers and shrubs
that are sure to be found wherever
yoU wander, here or in New England,
but for others you will be obliged to
visit exceptional localities. For exam
ple. Riverside and Oswego are only
three miles apart, but you will find a
number of handsome wild plants grow
ing at one place that do not grow at. the
other save in exceptional specimens.
At Riverside are two varieties of pent
stemons, camassla, clematis, mlmulus,
Indian pink, while at Oswego you find
calypso, corallorhlza, cypripedluras,
cephalanthera Oregaria, white lark
spur, frlttelarla, and a rare and deli
cate variety of lupine.
At Oregon City you will And growlna
in profusion Brodiaea grandIflora.habe
narla leucostachys, and several other
Ane plants that you would not seek at
Riverside or Oswego. There Is one
place about Portland where the Van-
couveria grows, In Its greatest profu
sion; there Is another where you will
And the cllntonla unlflora; there is an
other where the blue pentstemon Is ob
tained. It only needs a Utile search
to satisfy our correspondent that
Western Oregon Is not different from
New England in. the local distribution
of flowers, and everybody knows that
Eastern Oregon Includes In Its flora a
variety of plants we do not find about
Portland. At Taqulna Bay is found
wild rhododendron In profusion far
handsomer than that of New England.
Visit the boggy shores of the ponds
near Seattle and you will And New
England's swamp laurel and Labrador
tea (Ledum) in bloom.
There are 'many beautiful New Eng
land plants absent from our wild flora,
but Oregon has, on the whole, a much
larger and richer variety of beautiful
flowering plants and shrubs than New
England. Western Oregon has not the
cardinal flower, nor the purple meadow
orchis, nor the wild azalea (swamp
pink), but she has in her great variety
of lupines, pentstemons, mlmulus,, al
lium; In her larkspurs. In her beautiful
lilies, in her wild white and yellow Iris,
her calypso, habenarla leucostachys,
cypripedlum Montanum, and other or
chids, ample compensation for the few
New England plants its flora lacks. The
finest flora of New England, however,
even in Vermont, Is fast becoming,
through the draining of swamps and
the clearing of woodland and thickets,
a thing of tradition. Her coarse way
side flowers are still with her, but all
the rarest and finest blooms art becom
ing extinct.
SOUTH ASERICAK COJIPETITIOX.
South America, a land which, prior to
a few years ago, failed to attract much
attention from the rest of the world
by the production of anything but cat
tle, coffee and revolutions, Is today an
Interesting study of commercial growth
which Is proving very expensive to the
whea'tgrowers of the Pacific Coast. The
Argentine Republic cut but a small fig
ure In the world's wheat shipments un
til the Baring Brothers went Into the
country to enlighten the natives In the
ways of finance. The famous European
bankers preferred wheat In the bag to
cattle on the hoof as security, and In
a very short time succeeded In making
a kind of farmer out of the easy-going
cow-p"uncher of the Southern hemi
sphere. The world's markets were
handy to the Argentine farmer, and, as
his wants were few, he was enabled in
a short time to turn off enormous quan
tities of wheat at a very small cost of
production. It was but a compara
tively short space of time until the
Baring Brothers were separated from
their wealth, but before the crash came
the Argentine had taken its place on
the map as one of the big wheat-producing
countries of the world.
Turning off big quantities of wheat at
a low price was not the only blow given
the farmers of the Pacific Northwest
by our .neighbor on the south. A back
ward glance at the lists of shipping en
route to Portland fifteen or twenty
years ago shows that nearly all of the
ballast tonnage required at this port
was drawn from the nitrate ports on
the west coast of South America. The
late Colonel North at that time had
not succeeded In fully developing the
big fields of fertilizer now so generally
used In all parts of the world where
agriculture Is scientifically carried on.
A big fleet of vessels annually came out
from England or up from Australia,
bringing coal and merchandise for the
west coast ports. Only a portion of the
fleet was needed to carry back the com
paratively limited amoutn of nitrate
which was then used In Europe, and
the remainder of the ships were obliged
to proceed In ballast to a port where a
cargo could be secured. Portland was
the roost attractive point In those days,
and wheat exporters could deoend al
most to a certainty on a large fleet of
grain-carriers coming up from those
ports in ballast "seeking" grain car
goes'. Ten years ago the nitrate busi
ness had increased to a point where a
million tons were shipped from west
coast ports. The world's consumption
for 1890 was estimated at 8S4.310 tons,
and the growth since then has been
steady and large, as is shown by the
following table:
. West Coast World's con-
shipments, sumption,
tons. tons.
1S31 ............ ...T.. 774.700 0JT.200
1S3J 78T.000 883,30
1K93 ICiSOO 894.070
1804 1.072.3O0 OST.Kt
1803 ....-.: 1.212.900 1.031.821
1890 1.081.1O0 1.080,2111
1697 .-. 1.034,900 l.lOl.TbO
1S9S 1.93,700 1.210.880
1830 .........4 1.330.800 1.342.330
The fleet of ships already chartered
for 1900 loading at the nitrate ports Is
the largest on record, and Includes a
number of Bhlps that have been taken
to proceed from the Orient in ballast,
thus reducing the supply of ballast ton
nage In a field to which Portland ex
porters were driven when west coast
ballast ships were no longer obtainable.
This business, which has grown fronv
nothing into.lmmense proportions with
in twenty years. Is one of the greatest
factors In ocean freights today, and as
the use of nitrate Is steadily Increasing,
It will continue to have an enormous
Influence on freights the world over.
With the wheat men of South Amer
ica underselling the Oregon and Wash
ington grower, .and the nitrate men
forcing ocean freight rates ,up, we are
at present suffering more from the com
petition of South America than from
that of any other country on earth.
There Is also another phase of the com
petition which In time may be more
seriously felt "than it Is at present. It
1 mo generous use of nitrate and other
fertilizers which Is enabling England to
produce an average of thirty-two bush
els of wheat per acre, compared with
less than half that amount produced in
America, where fertilizing for wheat is
yet In an embryo state.
"In time 'of war;" says the fusion
state platform, "the citizen soldier
should be a Republic's defense, and as
an example we point with satisfaction
to the brave and gallant services of
the Second Oregon in the late Spanish
American war." Pointing with pride
to the record of the Second Oregon, the
ringing voice of the fuslcn parties is
inspired to pronounce against "wars of
conquest and colonial possessions," and
to declare that the Filipinos cannot be
"citizens without endangering our civ
ilization" or "subjects without endan
gering our form of government." What
are any of us but subjects? What is
there about citizenship that confers the
right to vote and to control our govern
ment and its policies? Our women es
pecially would be vastly Interested to
know. That the brave and gallant
services of the Second Oregon stirred
to the nethermost the patriotic deeps In
the Democratic bosom Is abundantly
Illustrated by the prompt manner In
which the .Congressional candidacy of
Captain Heath was squelched.
Mrs. T. N. Holland, who is reported
to have shot at Little Rock, Ark., Will
iam Cook, a member of a prominent
family, offers In justification that Cook
defamed her character. Mrs. Holland
evidently thinks that sentimental
wrongs or defamation of character can
only be redressed by the murder of the
offender. This Is a barbarous theory of
Justification for murder which all aban
doned men and women hold. It Is the
gambler's and bully's theory of Justice.
If a man gives his fellow the lie, mur
der him; If a man strikes his fellow
with his fist, murder him; If a man is
reported to have defamed a woman,
why, then, the man should be murdered
forthwith. This .Is not the theory of
the law. The law does not allow a man
to murder his fellow-man for any senti
mental reasons, nor does It allow a
woman any more latitude to. murder a
man than It does a man to murder a
woman. A man may kill a woman In
self-defense, or a woman a man In self
defense; but the law does not allow
either man or woman to plead that "he
Insulted me" as a ground for leniency
to persons who commit murder. If the
"Insult" theory were once accepted as
Justification for murder, we should have
vindictive men and women constantly
provoking an enemy's , rage, prodding
him to strike In order to murder him
swiftly within the law. Of course, no
such "theory" of Justifiable homicide
can be or is entertained by the law;
and Jurors that accept it are either will
fully false to their oaths or else too
dull In moral sense or too Ignorant to
understand their duty. There Is no sex
In crime. If woman Is the equal of man
In moral responsibility for her actions.
It seems Incredible in this day of
skillful engineering, careful construc
tion and excellence of building mate
rial, that such an accident as that re
corded as having taken place at Pitts
burg a few days ago should occur". The
era of tall buildings could hot have
come In without a substantial Improve
ment In methods of construction and
materials. The building that collapsed
in Pittsburg, with fatal results to a
number of persons, was only a four
story brick which was being remodeled,
business being carried on in portions of
It during the process. Contractors who
cannot In safety make such changes In
a building as those which produced this
disaster are scarcely worthy of the
name In this day of mechanical con
struction, and should, as far as possi
ble, be held accountable for an accident
of this kind.
William D. Hare, now a Populist, but
a Republican in former times, said In
the State Populist Convention on Fri
day that Thomas H. Tongue "had de
serted his former convictions and be
trayed the people." Mr. Tongue and
"Judge" Hare are fellow-townsmen.
Tho only comment at all necessary is
this: HIHsboro got a bad start en
financial and economic questions many
years ago. Tongue had Intelligence
enough to see his error and change his
mind. Hare hadn't. Hare is a prodigy
of the mossback intellect. He was at
his height about forty years ago, and
ever since to use a Hlbemlcism has
made steady progress backwards. He
was always glib, always "tonguey," al
ways was able to say more than he
knew, yet never knew anything.
Many people of the State of Wash
ington have keen recollection of Web
ster Davis" urt-Websterion oratory. Ho
closed the Republican campaign there
In 1893. Immense crowds greeted him
everywhere, and found that his
speeches were full of sound and .fury,
signifying little beyond a large voice
and enormous self-satisfaction. Davis'
irresistible Impulse to talk has now sep
arated htm from a soft Job at Wash
ington. Eagerness to hold ofilce seems likely
to develop Into a local Independent
ticket, or Into a sort of ticket In sausage
links. The number of persons who feel
suro the public cannot do without their
services Is not likely ever to be less.
This Is the euphemistic way of putting
it. The downright way Is to say that
the number who think the public treas
ury the surest source of private reve
nue Is grossest at election time.
To all appearance, nature Is going to
do her part towards providing a bounti
ful fruit crop In Oregon. Horticultur
ists must begin early and do their part
If the Insect pests of the orchards ore
to be kept under control. The notes of
warning sounded by the Board of Hor
ticulture cannot be heeded too promptly
nor the methods suggested for fruit
protection applied too thoroughly.
Roosevelt Is again spoken of as a pos
sible running mate for McKInley. The
politicians In this are clearly reckon
ing without their host. Teddy will
hardly consent to bury his future po
litical aspirations in the unrefundlng
tomb of the Vice-Presidency foe the
sake of giving ballast to the McKIn
ley kite.
Haste in writing caused mention to
be made of Hon. A. S. Dresser as a
candidate for Joint Senator of Multno
mah and Clackamas Counties. He is
the Republican nominee for Joint Rep
resents tlve.
Charles Francla Adams and Lincoln.
Charles Francis Adams, our Minister to
England during the Civil War, was dis
agreeably Impressed by President Lincoln.
His son describes his father's first and
only meeting with, Lincoln when in corn-
pany'wlth Secretary Seward. Mr. Adams
called at the White House to pay ras re
spects to the President:
Presently th doer opened and a, till, larxe-
featured. shabbily dressed man ot uncouth ap
cearsjooe, slouched Into the room. Ilia much
kneed. 111-fittlrnr trousers, coarse stockings and
worn slippers at once caurat the eye. II
seemed reneralbr ill at ease In manner con
strained and shr. The Secretary Introduced'
tha Minister to the President, and the ap
pointee of the last proceeded to make the nrual
conventional remark-. ... The tall man lis
tened In silent abstraction. When Mr. Adams
had. finished and be did sot take lone the tall
man remarked In an Indifferent, careless Tray
that the appointment had not been hts, but was
doe to the Secretary of State, and that It was
to Governor Seward rather than to himself that
Mr. Adams should express any sense of obll
catlon he might feel; then, with an air ot great
relief, as he swung his long arms to his head:
"Well, Governor, Tve this morning decided
that Chicago nostofflce appointment." Mr.
Adams and the Nation's foreign policy were
dismissed tosetber! Not another reference was
made to them.
a
ANSWER TO A WAIL.
Good Advice and a ReTClatlon 'of the
Spirit of si Live Town.
Spokane Chronicle. 0
Commercially or esthetlcally there seems to
be nothing that could be desired. Tet the fact
remains that Portland la fast slipping behind
In the race for supremacy, which Is now on be
tween the cities vf the Coast. There Is co use
In closing our eyes to this fact. It Is patent
to erery observer. What la the reason and
where la the remedy? Paelfio Monthly, Fort
land. Or.
You poor thing!
You want a reason? You want a rem
edy? Well, taVe It.
Quit your grunting. Get In and hustle.
Don't go around croaking like a bullfrog
with tho dyspepsia. You've got a good
town; don't be ashamed of It. If you
haven't confidence In it, if you're not
too proud of it to utter wailful whimper
ing! like that, then get out of it on the
first freight train or sailboat you see, and
don't come back.
Don't come here, cither. We've had
somo folks like you up here mighty few
of 'em. though, thank fortune, and we
don't offer any Inducements for them to
stay. There have been people In Chicago
who thought tho Windy City didn't need
anything but a white fence and a job lot
of' tombstones to bo a first-class ceme
tery, but they died, and Chicago didn't.
You can't strike a church or a mining
company or a whist club that hasn't got
grunters In It why. there's a. man named
Billy Bryan who even has the nerve to
tell us he's afraid this whole glorlpus
Republic is going to bump into something
awful and bo mashed Into about 10.S7.0Oi)
kinds of smithereens if he isn't elected
President right away.
Reason? Remedy? Here's ono for all
the kickers: Take off your green glasses;
get a mirror and practice smiling at it
until you get so you can do It easy;
scrape tho moss off your own back first,
and then tackle your neighbors: pay gcod
things about your town and your friends
and tho preacher, or keep your mouth
shut, and see how long it takes you to
catch yourself wondering how you were
ever lucky enough to get in half so good
a world as this Is, after all.
i - s
"Wild Flowers, Cast and West.
PORTLAND, April 9. To the Editor.)
I read with much pleasure the artlclo
"First Country Flowers," as Interesting
In Itself, and also from early associations,
for I knew and loved the wild flowers of
portions of thrco New England states. It
13 true that flowers come much earlier
here than in New England. I have known
"May days" In Vermont when rot a
flower could be found, and the "Queen"
was crowned with wild whlto everlastings
and .ground pine kept over from tho year
before. But New England has this -advantage,
her flowers linger later. All
through the late Summer and Autumn
there is something to repay a woodland
walk.
There Is a great difference between this
country and New England In the distribu
tion of Flora's gifts. Vegetation here Is
luxuriant, but, by comparison, monoton
ous. I find here exactly the same Spring
flowers that grow about my home In
Clark County, Wash., and excursions In
various directions from that home have
resulted In disappointment as to the -discovery
of new flowers. In New England,
although many varieties may bo found on
a small farm, others, entirely different,
may be found on all adjoining ones. For
Instance. In my childhood I had to go to
a neighbor's beech woods for bloodroot
and columbine; to another for the pretty
chtckweed wlntergreen (Trientalls): to an
other for the bluets, and yet another for
iris, meadow lilies and the beautiful tall
wild phlox. All these within less than
a mile, but the trailing 'arbutus made its
chosen haunt two miles away.
Tho crowning glory of New England
woods In late Summer and Autumn Is
the "wood violet" (v. canadensis). Grow
ing In rich clusters, the leafy, branching
stems a foot high; flowers as largo as tha
panstcs of' the olden time, white, tinned
outsldo with purple, slightly fragrant, so
pure, so graceful, so perfect. Over the
lapse of nearly half a century memory re
turns to them with undiminished love -and
longing. A j-clatlve, another exile, onco
wrote of them: "When I think of those
wood violets as they grew in our maplo
grove, they seem like beautiful. Intelli
gent spirits standing there." F. E. B.
After Denth.
Sir Edwin Arnold.
He who died at Azan sends
This to comfort all his friends.
Faithful friends! It lies. Iknow,
Pale and white and cold as snow;
And ye say "Abdullah's deadP"
Weeping at the feet and head.
I can see your falUng tears.
I can hear your sighs and prayers;
Tet I smile and whisper this
"I am not the thing jou klrs;
Cease your tears, and let It He;
It was mine. It la not I."
Bweet friends! What the women lave
For Its last bed of the grave.
Is a hut whtch I am quitting.
Is a garment no more fitting.
Is a cage, from which at last.
Like a hawk, my soul has passed.
Love the Inmate, not the room
Tho wearer, not the .garb the plume
Of the falcon, not the bars
Wnlch kept him from the splendid stars!
t Loving friends! Be wise and dry
Straightaway every weeping eye:
What ye lift upon the bier
Is not worth a wistful tear.
Tl an empty sea-shell one
Out ot which the pearl has gono;
The shell Is broken It lies there:
The pearl, the all. the soul. Is here.
'Tls an earthen Jar whose lid
Allah sealed, the while It hid
That treasure of his treasury,
A mind that loved him; let It He!
Let the shard be earth's once more.
Since the gold shines In his store!
AUah. glorious! Allah, good!
Now the world Is understood;
Now the long, long wonder ends!
Tet ye weep, my erring friends.
While the one whom ye call dead
In unbroken blls', lnstcid.
Lives and loves you; lost, 'tis true.
By such light as shines for you;
But In the light ye cannot see
Of unfulfilled felicity
In enlarging paradise.
Lives a life that never dies.
Farewell, friends! Tet not farewell;
Where I am. ye. too, shall dwell.
I am gone before your face.
A moment's time, a little space:
When ye come where I have stepped,
Te will wonder why ye wept:
To will know, by wise love taught.
That here Is all and there Is naught.
Weep awhile. If ye arc fain
Sunshine still must follow rain;
Only not at death-for death.
Now I know. Is that first breath
Which our souls draw when we enter
Life which Is of all Ufa center.
Be yo certain, all seems love.
Viewed from Allah's throne above;
Ba ye stout of heart and come
Bravely onward to your home I
La Allah, Ilia Allah: yea!
Thou love divine 1 Thou lovo alwayt
He that died at Azan gave
This to those who made his gray.
MASTERPIECES OF LITERATORE-IX
"Ode on Intimations of Immortality From
Recollections of Early Child
hood" Wordsworth.
Tsere was a time when meadow, grove and
stream.
The earth. and every comma-- eight
To me did seem
Apparell'd In celestial light.
The glory and the freshness of a dream.
It Is not now as It has been of yore
Turn wheresoe'er -I may.
By night or day.
The things which I have seen I now can see ns
morel
The rainbow cornea and goes.
And lovely Is the rose;
The moon doth with delight.
Look round her when the heaens are bar;
Waters on a starry night
Are beaut'ful and fair;
The sunshine Is a glorious birth;
But yet I know, where'er I go.
That there hath pass'd away a glory from, the
earth.
Now, while the birds thus sing a Joyous socg.
And while the young lambs bound
As to the tabor's sound.
To me alone there came a thought ot grief:
A timely utterance gave that thought relief.
And I again am strong.
The cataracts blow their trumpets from the
eteep
No moro shall grief of mine the season wrong;
I hear the echoes through the mountains throng.
The winds come to me from the fields of sleep.
And all the earth Is gay;
Land and sea
Give themselves up to Jollity,
And with the heart of May
Doth every beast keep holiday
Thou child ot Joy
Shout round me. let me hear thy shouts, thou
happy Shepherd boy!
Te blessed creatures, I have beard the call
Te to each other make: I see
The heavens laugh with you In jour Jubilee;
My heart Is at your festival.
My head hath Its coronal.
The rullness of your bllw. I feel I feel It all.
0 evil day! It I were sullen
While Earth herself Is adorning
This sweet May morning:
And the children are pulUng
On every side
rn a thousand valleys far and wide
Fresh flowers; while the sun sblncn
warm
And the babe leaps up on his mother's arm
1 hear. I hear, with Joy I hear!
Uut there's a tree, of many. one.
A single field which I haTe look'd upon.
Both ot them ppeak of something that Is gone;
The Tansy at my feet
Doth the same tale repeat;
Whither Is Bed the visionary gleam?
Where Is It now. the glory and the dream?
Our birth Is but a sleep and a forgetting;
The Soul that rises with us. our life's Star,
Hath had el-ewhere its setting
And cometh from afar:
Not In entire forgetfulne-3
And not In utter nakedne-o
But trailing clouds of glory do we corns
From God, who la our home;
Heaven lies about us In our infancy!
Shades of the prlson-houss begin to close
Upon the growing boy.
But he beholds the light, and whence It flows.
He sees It in his Joy;
The youth, who dally farther from the eas
iTust tra-el. still is Nature's priest.
And by the vision splendid
In on his way attended;
At lenrth the man perceives It die away.
And fade Into the light of common day.
Behold tho Child amorg hr new-born blisses,
A six years' darling of a pigmy size!
See. where "mid work of his own hand he lies.
Fretted by sallies of his mother's ktsnes.
With light upon him from hts father's eyes!
See. at his feet, some little plan or chart.
Some fragment from his dream of human life
Shaped by hlm-elf with ccwly-leamed art;
A wedding or a festival.
A mourning or a funeral;
And this hath now his heart.
And unto this be frames his song;
Then will he fit his tongue
To dialogues of business, loe or strife;
But it will not be long
Ere this be thrown aside.-
And with new Joy and pride
The little actor cons another part;
Filling from tlmo to time his "humorous
stage"
With all the Pertons, down to pals!d Age.
That Life brings with her In her equipage;
As If his whole vocaUon
Were endless Imitation.
Thou, whose exterior semblance doth belle
Thy soul's Immensity;
Thou best philosopher, who yet dost keep
Thy heritage, thou eye among the blind.
That, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep.
Haunted for ever by the eternal Mind
Mighty Prophet! Seer blest!
On whom those truths do rest
Which we are tolling all our llvs to find;
Thou, oer whom, thy Immortality
Broods like the day. a master o'er a slave.
A presence which Is not to be put by:
Thou little child. et glorious In the might
Of heaven-born freedom on thy being height.
Why with such earnest pains dost thou provoke
The years to bring the inevitable yoke.
Thus blindly with thy bktwdness at strife?
Full soon thy soul shall have her early freight.
And custom He upon thee with a weight
Heavy as frost, and deep almost as life!
O Joy! that in our emt-rs
Is something that doth live.
That Nature jet remembers
What was so fugitive!
Tlip thought of our past years In me doth breed
Perpetual benediction; not indeed
For that which Is most worthy to be blest.
Delight and liberty, the simple creed
Of childhood, whether busy or at rest.
With new-fledged hope still fluttering la hla
breast:
Not for theie I rake
The song of thanks and praise;
But for those obstinate questionings
Of s-nso and outward things.
Fallings from us. vanlshinss.
Blank misgivings of ft cloture
Moving about in worlds not .realized.
High instincts, before which our raortal nature
Did tremble like a guilty thing surprised;
But for those first affections.
Thcve shadowy recollections.
Which, be ther what they may.
Are yet the fountain-light of all our day.
Are jet a master-light of all our seeing:
Uphold us cherish and have power to
make
Our noisy years em moments in the being
Of the eternal silence; truth that wake.
To perl-h never:
Which neither Hstlessness nor mad endeavour
Nor man nor boy.
Nor all that Is at enmity with Joy,
Can utterly abolish or destroy!
Hence. In a neason of calm weather
Though inland far we be.
Our souls have sight of that Immortal sea
Which brought. u- hither:
Can in a moment travel thither
And see the children sport upon the shore.
And hear the mighty waters rolling evermcre.
Then, sing je birds, sing, sing a Joyous song! -And
let the young lambs bound
As to the tabor's sound!
We. In thought, will Join jour throng
Te that pipe and ye that play,
Te that through your hearts today
Feel the gladn-s ot the May!
What though the radiance which was once so
bright
Be now forever taken from my sight.
Though nothing can bring back the hour
Of splendor In the grass, of glory in the flower;
We will grieve not. rather And
Strength in what remains behind.
In the primal sympathy
Which having been must ever be.
In the soothing thoughts that spring
Out of human suffering.
In the faith that looks through death.
In year that bring the philosophic mind.
And O, ye Fountains. Meadows. Hills cn4
Groves,
Forbode not any severing of our loveat
Tet In my heart of hearts I feel your mlght;
'i only have relinquished cne delight
To live bereath jour more habitual sway;
I love the brooks which down their channeta
fret
Evn more than when I'trippM lightly as they;
The Innocent brightness ot a new-born day
Is lovely yet;
The clouds that gather round the setting su
To take a sober colouring from an eye
That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality;
Another race hath been, and oth-r palms are
won.
Thanks to the human heart by which we live.
Thanks to Its tenderness. Its Joys, and fears.
To me the meanest flower that blows can give
Thoughts that do often He too deep for teaia.
Jik
,jv.,i.f. -.: