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About The Sunday Oregonian. (Portland, Ore.) 1881-current | View Entire Issue (March 25, 1900)
THE SUNDAY OREGONIAN, POBTLAND, MAKCH 25, 1000. to veQQXxiiX$t Entered at the Poctofflce at Portland, Oregon. as second-class matter. TELEPHONES. Editorial Rooms...16C I Business Office.. 607 HEVISED SUBSCRIPTION BATES. By Mall (postage prepaid). In Advance Callr, with Sunday, per month........?!) S3 Dally, Sunday excepted, per year.. .... T 60 Dally, with Sunday, per year 8 00 Eunday, per year ........... .... 2 00 The "Weekly, per year ...... 1 50 The "Weekly. 3 months......... W To City Subscribers Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays exoepted.l5c Dally, per week, delivered. Sundays lncluded.20o The Orescnlan does not buy poems or stories from Individuals, and cannot undertake to re turn any manuscrlpta sent to It without solicita tion. No stamps should be Inclosed lor this purpose. News or discussion intended for publication In She Oregonlan should be addressed Invariably "Editor The Orcconlan." not to the name of any Individual. Letters relating to advertising, subscriptions or to any business matter should be addressed simply "The Oregonlan." Puget Sound Bureau Captain A Thompson, office at 1111 Pacific avenue. Tacoma. Box 853, tTacoma postomce. Eastern Business Office The Tribune build ing. New Tork city: "The Rookery." Chicago; "she S. C. Beckwlth special agency. New Tork. Per sale In San Francisco by J. X. Cooper. T46 Market street, near the Palace hotel, and fet Goldsmith Bros., 230 Sutter street. For sale In Chicago by the P. O. News Co., 17 Dearborn street. . TODAY'S "WEATHER. Occasional rain, with jfeouth to west winds. PORTTiAXD, SUNDAY, MARCH 25. HOXOttS TO HEROIC DEAD. The funeral parade that takes place today will be a valuable object-lesson to the growing generation that in this way gathers chiefly Its patriotic educa tion. The mass of mankind read and Veflect but little, and have but a vague historical knowledge of the develop ment of ideas that underlie great polit ical movements and civic changes. Alen are educated to patriotism and .pride of country very much as millions have been captured by religious faiths, ."which appeal chiefly to the outward senses and superficial sentiments Tather than to the logic of the head or the secret depths of the inward soul. ZThe pride, pomp and circumstance of -war appeal to the imagination and per ,Euade men to forget that they imply .wounds, innumerable privations and cieath itself. The imposing outward ceremonies of religion have won mil lions who would have been Insensible to moral or purely spiritual appeal, and the flags, the music, the glitter and the organized sensationalism of patriotic jparades are a most effective and Im pressive object-lesson to the young gen eration, who thus early learn by ob servation rather than by reading and scholastic training that "to live in hearts we leave behind is not to die." For this reason elaborate public cele brations of great events in the history of a nation and conspicuous funeral honors to the heroic dead are a most valuable part of public education. Out of such education through public object-lessons of patriotic funeral pa rades, speech and ceremony is evolved that living force of sentiment in com mon which makes a national con sciousness. Patriotic memories are the real strength of a nation, and such memories are fed by public .speech and song and ceremony rather than by scholastic culture. The original Instinct of public honors to the heroic dead and the heroic living was born cf that primitive statesman ship, the sense of self-preservation. Every barbarian chief or priest saw that it was essential to the life and safety of the state that superior service and sacrifice for the state shall be nourished by rewards and honors to the patriotic living and by the promise of public honors to the dead, both of civic and religious character. Both church and state preached the gospel of espe cial honors and glory in this life and the life to come for the soldier who made unflinching fight to the gates of death for his flag. The King spoke It to hold his throne; the priest taught it to save his temple from the enemy. This payment of public honors to the heroic dead was a natural evolution Srorn the sense of material loss, which death in battle stood for in those primi tive times when every man who could "hear arms was trained for war and was presumptively a soldier. Stout light ing men were really the sheepfold that chut out the wolves of war, for behind the fighters were the flocks and herds, the women and children, the lives, the Uiberty and the property of the people. . When to the barbarian condition of a purely military civilization like that of Sparta succeeded a higher civilization, like that of Athens, which stood not only for warlike genius, but for pre eminence in literature, oratory and art, public honors in life and death began to be awarded not only those who had lought fiercely early and late for the state, but to those who had in thought, .speech and action labored nobly and unselfishly for the state in winning for &t those victories of peace that are not less renowned than, those of war. "When human society had risen to the point where the great thinker for the state -enjoyed equal public honors in life and death with the fighter for the state, the Bpirit of modern civilization had begun to animate It. "When Pericles delivered the funeral oration over the dead fallen in the Peloponesian war, Athens had risen to the modern plane of thought, which esteems the creation and maintenance of patriotic public sentiment as efficient work for the state as blows given and taken in battle. The honors paid to the heroic dead of any war worth fighting to a victori ous finish justly belong and are ren dered by every thoughtful soul to every man who stands up stoutly for the flag, either in the Army or behind it. Who won England's fight for life against Bonaparte? It was George Canning, who was the resolute voice and brains of England's ministry be hind Wellington. The public opinion that maintained, inspired and support ed the Army of the Union, the spirit ual forces behind it, were the breath of its life, for through Lincoln they filled Its ranks and kept them full, edged its sword and, sent Its stormers forward shouting on their desperate way. Be cause of all these Just and true spirits that were the breath of public opinion behind the Army or wielded Its bayo nets in the front of battle, we are still able to say of our country: Thou are not conquered; beauty's ensign yet Is crimson in thy lips and In thy cheeks. And death's pale flag la not advanced there. Secretary Root seems to have ac quitted himself of any Intentional Im propriety in giving permission to dredge Alaskan shore waters for gold, though possibly his delay In granting the accumulated applications may have given his critics the basis of fault-find ing. Partisan though this inquiry was in its origin, its end is perfectly justi fiable. All the acts of administrative officers must be subject to the closest scrutiny.. The same may be said of the malodorous Pettlgrew's demand for particulars of the expenses incurred by the Philippine commission. President McKinley's commissions are many and costly. The only protection we have against abuse of the system is in the safeguards of Congressional Inquiry. About all that pie party In opposition can do is to watch the administration In power. If it doesn't do this faithj fully, it Is recreant to a public trust HAIL, AND KAREWEIX: The bodies of the men of the Second Oregon men who went to fight their country's battles in the far islands of the Pacific and came not back again lie not among the unclaimed dead. Twice claimed Indeed are they first by those nearest of kin, who sent them" out with tears as well as pride, and again by the state whose name their regiment bore. Or, if any among them were so poor in ties of blood that none were waiting to receive the bodies re turned to their native land for burial, they were still twice claimed first by the Nation whose blue they wore, and again lovingly and loyally by their home state. Beluctantly the Nation relinquished its claim to the bodies of these heroes at the urgent request of the-people of Oregon as voiced by their chi6f magistrate, and with pride and patriotism the state accepted the trust it asked. Today, in accordance with the re sponsibility assumed, the bodies of thir teen men of the Second Oregon will be given sepulture. Patriotism, pride and affection will combine to make the ob sequies upon this occasion duly impres sive. In the name of the first, an object-lesson will be presented to the youth of the land which no mere re cital of brave deeds can teach. "With military display, with civic honors, with eulogy and with dirge, the cas kets containing, the bodies of these loyal soldiers of the Kepublic will be borne to the graves that they have crossed many leagues of stormy seas to find. Draped in the Stars and Stripes in the name of patriotism; piled high with flowers in the name of love; es corted by the highest military and civic authorities of the state in the name oi honor the dust of these silent heroes will be tenderly committed to the bosom of our common mother. In hon oring the memory of these Eoldlers our twice-claimed dead we honor the Nation that called them out, the state that sent them forth, and the individ ual patriotism which made them eager to go. Possibly there are no signally great deeds recorded of any one of these men, but- of each and every one it may be said, "He died as a soldier dies, in the faithful discharge of duty, cheerfully, even gladly, assumed." Re membering this, the multitude will fol low these bodies to their graves today, with reverent tread, glad to express ap preciation for the part these silent ones played in a heroic drama that is even yet upon the stage. Silent soldiers of the Second Oregon, your late comrades In arms, greet you today In such manner and with such tokens as they may; your late fellow citizens mourn while they honor you; your state accepts as a sacred duty and privilege the earnestly sought opportu nity to take your honored dust in charge. Mute witnesses of the valor which your death In the Nation's liv ery, your winding sheet of the Stars and Stripes, attest, hail and farewell! military genius a birthmark. In Parliament recently the Under Secretary of State for War was asked in what years respectively five success ful British Generals passed the final examination at the Staff College, name ly, Lord Roberts, Lord Kitchener, Lord Dundonald, General French and Gen eral Macdonald. The reply was that none of the officers named passed through the Staff College. This thrust at the English WarCollege was prompt ed, it is said, by the failure of its chief representative In South Africa, General Clery, to achieve the great reputation which it was predicted he would make when he started for the front with Gen eral Buller. Of course, it is not fair to blame a military college, if Its gradu ates fail to obtain distinction, any more than it would be fair to denounce the leading universities and colleges of Great Britain or America because a very large number of their graduates are included among the illustrious ob scure compared with a number of Eng lishmen and Americans who were not men of university or college training. To illustrate: The late Colonel Dent, the brother-in-law and West Point classmate of General Grant, served with equal credit in the Mexi can War, but remained in the regular Army all his life, while Grant left it In 1853 and never saw service again until 1861. When the war broke out Dent was a Major in the regular Army, while Grant had been eight years out of the Army, was obscure, poor, and so utterly without political or personal influence that it was only with the greatest diffi culty that he secured the colonelcy of a volunteer regiment so unruly that nobody cared to command It. As things go In peace, Dent, not Grant, should have made his mark In the war. But Grant commanded a brigade in August, 1861; was 'Major-General of Volunteers In February, 1862; Major-General in the regular Army in July, 1863; Lieutenant General in March, 1864, while Dent was only a Lieutenant-Colonel in the regu lar Army at the end of the war. The two men were about the same age; had the same military teachers, had exactly the same military experience In the Mexican War, yet when a great war breaks out, a real test of a soldier's soul, knowledge and understanding, the discarded, disgraced Grant, eight years out of the Army, becomes the most significant figure of that war, which left Dent just where it found him, a comparative military cipher. Such is the vast difference In the nat ural endowments of men by birth. Dent had, of course, plenty of courage; an excellent military education; as much experience of war as any officer of his age in the Army before the war, yet he remained a mediocrity during four years of splendid opportunity, for the lack of superior military brains, which are always a birthmark, not a scholastic creation. So Bourienne, Bo naparte's friend and classmate at Brl enne, was esteemed rather the more promising youth of the two. Real war on a large scale tests a man's solid merit as a soldier down to the marrow bones of his professional manhood and mental quality. What a wreck our great Civil War made of the military pets and proteges of General Scott In the. old Army! Not a man of them on 1 either side, save Lee, stood the test The McClellan school of military ped ants and doctrinaires went to the rear while the Grants, the Shermans, the Sneridans and the Hancocks, the Long streets, the fellows of executive brains, energy, and, above all, pugnacity and moral courage, came to the front. The difference in men of the same early as sociations and training schools, wheth er of war or peace, Is wonderful. "West Point could not make -a' General, war could not make a General, out of Dent, while without "West Point Grant would In war time have made no ordinary soldier, just as Miles, Cox, Logan, Blair, Crocker and John E. Smith, with out West Point, through the school of war, finally made superior soldiers. Soldiers are borri, not made, although, of course, to the soul of a soldier sci entific training must be added for great work. Massena may seem an excep tion, but Massena had served as a sol dier a number of years before the French Revolution, and had become a good tactician. Cromwell severely schooled and trained himself, and then selected, trained and disciplined his "Ironsides." No blame Is attached to West Point for the wide difference in the military distinction of Its gradu ates in our Civil War, for West Point does not agree to furnish a man with the soul of a soldier. Grant brought a soldier's soul to West Point, and West Point's training was not wasted onVhim, although It did not serve to rescue Dent from military obscurity In a time of great military opportunity. So the English War College is not to blame because it could not make a Gen eral out of Sir Francis Clery. A war college can no more make a General than a law school can make all Its pu pils lawyers. HOROSCOPE OF POLITICS. Though the Democratic National platform is again to contain a demand for free coinage of silver at 16 to 1, it is to be assumed by Democrats who want to dodge this hitherto moment ous issue that the declaration will be merely perfunctory and inconsequen tial, "since their party can in no event obtain full p6wer for a number of years; and hence there can be no dan ger of enactment of legislation for re peal of the Iron-clad gold-standard act which has just been passed, even if their party should elect the President and the House of Representatives; for the Senate will still be Republican. Here is a novel plea for the advocates of a party to make. In effect it Is this: "You may as well accept our party; for though .Its principles are danger ous. It will be unable to put them In force, at least till after the lapse of a considerable time. The opposition will still have power enough to pre vent us from doing our worst. "Vote us in, and then rely on Republican as cendency in the Senate to prevent ua from carrying our platform Into effect." It Is, indeed, altogether probable that during the next four years the Senate will be under Republican control. The contrary is perhaps possible, but not at all within probability. It is unlikely, therefore, that any free coinage bill could pass, as a consequence of even the fullest possible Democratic suc cess, for some years to come. But re newed agitation of the silver question and passage of free coinage bills by the House of Representatives would un settle business, snake credit and repro duce the general consequences that at tended or followed this agitation down to the victory for gold in 1896. To business, credit, industry, there is im mense evil in this agitation. It has been proven in our experience that it creates uncertainty and distrust, causes men to hesitate in their undertakings, leads them to contract their business operations, substitutes timidity for con fidence, and, if the danger seems to be great, finally brings on paralysis of business, more or less complete. Noth ing in business is so much dreaded as change of the money standard, and the party that threatens It, even remotely, ought to obtain no consideration at any time. But it is only In states where the sil ver infatuation has taken deep hold that silver will be pressed. In other states it will be ignored as far as pos sible, and denunciation of "trusts" and of "Imperialism" will be the main reli ance. If the Republican party allow these cries to become potent weapons in the hands of its opponents, it will have only itself to blame. Denuncia tion of trusts is easy and cheap; but what measures for curbing the trusts does the Bryan party propose? None yet; but perhaps it will define In the coming platform. The truth probably Is that Congress can do little In a prac tical way to correct the trust evil, until it has more enlarged powers. It ought. Indeed, to refuse to every variety of trust-made goods the favor of protect ive tariff, wherever that favor Is en joyed. But this alone will not suffice, since many trusts, and some' of the most powerful of all, have no favors of this kind. A proposal is now made to amend the Federal Constitution so as to secure to Congress powers to deal with corporations, trusts and monopo lies which It does not now possess. Chairman Ray, of the House judiciary committee, has Introduced a resolution for such amendment, and given notice that he will press it, in the following terms: Art. 10. Tho Congress shall have power to regulate and repress monopolies and combina tions; to create end dissolve corporations and dispose of their property; to make all laws necessary and proper for tho execution of the foreseeing powers. Such powers may bo exer cised by the several states In any manner not " In confliot with the laws of the United States. Would the states ratify an act like this? It would be the strongest meas ure of centralization yet Introduced. It would almost annihilate state powers In one of the largest domains of affairs where the states hitherto have been supreme; but it would give Congress unquestioned authority and power to act. No state law as to corporations, trusts and monopolies can' reach be yond that state's own borders; but a law of Congress, framed under a Con stitutional grant so clearly defined, would pursue the monopoly and its business into every part of the United States. It would be efficient; but whether the statds would ratify It, and whether It would offer a good solution of the trust problem, It Is Impossible to say, with certainty. We think, how ever, the Democratic states would be least likely to approve It, but we should favor the Idea of giving them the op portunity. There can be no issue In "imperial ism" unless the Republican party shall play Into the hand of Its opponents by a course which would make expansion odious. Expansion Is in accord with the instincts and purposes of our peo ple, and with the traditional policy of the country. It can be made odious- jnow only by injustice on our part toward our new territorial acquisitions. Here is the real pitfall before the feet of the Republican party. DEFENSES FOR THE INDEFENSIBLE. An inscrutable Providence .has raised up Mr. Whitelaw Reld as the defender of the proposed Tape of the dependen cies. His Berkeley speech Is only a re statement of the campaign his New Tork newspaper from the first has waged against a fair economic policy toward the Puerto Rlcans. The grounds of resistance to this act of justice are three. In the first place, we must be careful not to be too generous. In the second place, If we give Puerto Rico free trade with the United States, we deprive her of trade with other nations. In the third place, if we don't levy a tariff on Puerto Rico products, there will be no denying statehood to her or to the Philippine Islands. Mr. Reld is an able editor and an ac complished diplomat. But these things he puts forward as reasons are not rea sons at alL but only excuses. There is no basis either in history or in actual present conditions for their pronounce ment. Such Is Mr. Reld's ability and intelligence that the most charitable construction possible to put on his ut terances Is to declare them subterfuges, knowingly availed of to cover up other purposes that are for just or unworthy reasons suppressed. It Is Inconceivable that the Berkeley orator believes to be true the arguments he offers In osten sible good faith. First, as to the solicitude lest we should be too generous. " "Because they are helpless and needy and on our hands, must we take them Into part nership? Because we are going to help them, are we bound to marry them?" This is very far from being a fair com parison. Nobody proposes that we shall take Puerto Rico into partnership or marry her. We have taken away her Spanish markets, and refuse to give her ours. What she wants is not alms, but a chance to sell her goods. Is this great nation of 75,000,000 people, the strongest Industrially In the world, afraid of giving equal privileges to this unhappy Island, with 1,000,000' people, in an imperfect stage of development, whose entire exports for a year do not exceed $17,000,000? Are we so weak and imbecile that even in a partnership with her we should be unable to hold our own? Certainly It Is a melancholy spectacle presented by this great na tion, with Its vast accumulated wealth and Its stupendous productive capacity, trembling at the thought of Puerto Rico's paltry produce, coming untaxed into our markets. Why does Mr. Reld tremble for the fate of Puerto Rico if the "Chinese wall" is thrown around her so that the Dlngley tariff prevails between her and Europe? Is It seriously urged that with free trade with the United States she would still sicken and pine for want of markets in Europe? It is too absurd for serious discussion. All her prod ucts can be sold here and all her wants supplied from here without loss to us or deprivation to her. It Is a subterfuge, transparent and pitiful. . Then there is the bogie of statehood. If we admit Puerto Rico, how shall we keep out the Philippines? But the abundantly attested' fact is that to ad mit Puerto Rico or the Philippines to free trade is not to pass upon any right of the islands to statehood, or to aban don any right or power of Congress to withhold statehood for an Indefinite period. When did free trade compel conveyance of statehood to Hawaii, or Alaska, or New Mexico? Who demands for Oklahoma or Indian Territory statehood on the ground that no tariff has ever been imposed on its prod ucts? Doubtless there are reasons for the stubborn denial of justice to the de pendencies, but these paltry pretenses are not those reasons. There is the demand of the Protected Interestsf which are digging their own graves as industriously as their bitterest enemy could ask. There is the labor vote to be placated. This Mr. Reld does not refer .to, and the omission can be par doned. It is a matter in which he has a voluminous and painful experience to draw from. Governor Steunenberg's testimony before the Congressional committee of Investigation of the Coeur d'Alene riots might fitly have been prefaced with the Words, "Mark now how plain a tale shall put these babblers down." In spite of the most rigid cross-examination, the Governor's testimony to the effect that the presence of United States troops was necessary to main tain order in the Wardner mining dis trict, and that the Government was not called upon to send them out until the police and military resources of the state had been exhausted, was un shaken. It Is not contended that mili tary rule is a pleasant thing for a town or a community, but the fact that it was necessary in this instance for the protection of life and property in a dis trict where mob rule mocked at state authority was clearly shown by Gover nor Steunenberg's, testimony. Law abiding communities are in no danger of being subjected to the "arrogant rule of military men." Systematized law lessness must expect It, and Its com plaints at receiving It should not be treated to the Indulgence of Congress. Doubtless the Wardner bullpen was a foul and disagreeable place; probably the negro soldiers who guarded It were more brusque than gentlemanly at times. But the prisoners paved their way to this place with acts of violence and bloodshed which demanded their restraint and punishment. They got both. Hence this outcry from them and the response of decency and order liness: "Served you right." The failure of the Loud bill is not a deplorable calamity, yet Its passage in the form finally given It in the House would have been distinctly in the in terests of economy and morals. The mails are abused by literature that Is not only too cneap to be good, but per nicious In nature. It Is not just to bona fide periodicals that novels and other books have the benefit of periodical rates, and in giving them this benefit an injustice is worked on the taxpayer from whom all postal deficits must ul timately be drawn. Yet the Loud bill In Its original form, inflicted other wrongs while trying to correct this in justice. The amendments adopted by the House on Thursday, after which the bill was favored by the two Repre sentatives from pregon, inserted pro visions that would protect from injury the country newspaper and institutions of learning, whose publications should be encouraged rather than punished. The bill seems killed for an indefinite period. Its only practical effect on the postal system will probably be post- ponement of penny postage, If the enormous sums lost tp th Government through abuse of, second-class rates could be saved. It would not be long before litters could be carried for 1 cent each. A man can hardly be said to have the Instincts of the criminal who labors ,with desperate eagerness to keep the stigma of the convict from being at tached to his name. It was with this purpose that M. E. Mcllvaln, of Sher man County, under sentence of one year in the penitentiary, sought Gov ernor Geer In his office a few days ago, seeking clemency, declaring his inno cence of the crime of which he was con victed, that of Increasing by -$10 through the change of a figure the amount demanded in a promissory note. The loss of a year out of his life, through imprisonment, is a relatively small matter, the object of this man being to keep his name off the prison register. Judicially, of course, the whole question turns upon his guilt or Inno cence. Morally, however. It is a city to humble a man's pride in his good name. It Is not always easy to get succinct and Illuminative statements of their position from advocates of special priv ileges We are glad, therefore, to have a letter from Mr. Alex R. Smth, on the subsidy scheme. Mr. Smith occupies the same useful relation to the subsidy conspirators borne by Herbert Myrlck to the great Oxnard beet-sugar combi nation, or John C. Nlmmo to the rail road lobby that Is trying to beat the Nicaragua canal on high moral grounds. That is, he Is superintendent of the department of publicity and pro motion, and ex-officio chief organizer and director of the literary bureau. His words are therefore welcome, and we Invite attention to his letter, with comments upon it, printed on page 22 of this Issue. Charles Parsons, the designer and builder of England's new thirty-five-knot torpedo-boat destroyer, declares that his turbine system of propulsion, If applied to an unarmored cruiser of 2800 tons, would develop a speed of forty-four knots an hour. If this pre diction Is ever verified, the three-day trans-Atlantic liner will quickly follow. Ordinarily, such a claim would be dis missed as an idle boast, but Parsons has accomplished so much that naval architects are willing to give respectful attention to his assertions. It looks. In deed, as If men would yet fly on the wings of steam or electricity, though without naming the mechanical cqn trlvance that bears them on a "flying machine" and by using the ocean in stead of tne air as a highway. Down at Astoria there Is a lot of talk again about C. J. Curtis. Despairing of the Republican nomination for the Legislature, he now wants to be a can didate for the Legislature on a "citi zens ticket." It will be seen that he wants to go to the Legislature again. He always does. He Is one of those who abandoned their pledges to Sena tor Dolph and their duty to the princi ples for which Senator Dolph stood. Why MeBrlde hasn't rewarded him waits for explanation. At Astoria they say he is a "cheap fellow." .The Ore gonian, which always desires to be fair, must enter an 'exception here, at least to the extent of saying that he Is not always cheap, and when he Is it Is not his. fault. The value of the rose harvest in Bul garia, which has just ended, as repre sented in the oil of roses Is about $100, 000. The season's yield was greatly decreased on account of the drought, and the price of attar of roses has risen rapidly In consequence. This, coming closely upon the prospective rise in the price of diamonds due to the South Af rican war, represents a calamity that the world will have to worry through as Vest It may. War Is bad enough and drought Is bad enough, but when both befall in a single year, mankind must survive the hardship imposed as philosophically as possible. An American firm has received an order from Stockholm for a BOO-horse-power combination Westlnghouse en gine, which will be used to drive a saw mill plant In the northern woods of Sweden. On account of the poor trans portation facilities, the various parts of the engine will be carried on sleighs by reindeer over 500 miles to the north of Stockholm, and there permanently placed. The transaction is a striking example of progress and primitive methods going hand in hand in re sponse to a need that "demands and an energy that supplies. "Cyclone" Davis, who fights against fusion with Democrats In Southern states. Is making a trip through Oregon and stopping at various points to "urge a union of the reform parties." He is merely a verbose mercenary, whose power for mischief in Oregon is small. The Oregonlan believes that If the Puerto Rico bill that passed the House some two weeks ago were again be fore the House, neither of Oregon's rep resentatives would vote for it again. Why Free Trade "With Ha-wall? Springfield (Mass.) Republican. The neatness with which tho Republic ans have spiked all their guns In this Puerto RIcan affair is illustrated when one analyzes the desperate claim that a tariff on island good3 i3 necessary to prevent tho United States from being flooded with cheap products, and tho American labor ing man from being smothered under the competition of tropical cheap labor. If free trado with Puerto Rico means such dreadful things, why In the name of sanity has a bill Just passed the Senate providing for absolute free trade with Hawaii? Ha waii is tropical, and is full of, Japanese and Chinese coolies, who supply the cheapest labor In the world. Does Senator Hanna maintain that tho American labor ing man has nothing to fear from free trade with Hawaii, while free trade with Puerto Rico would mean his ruin? Come, Mr. Hanna, treat the American people as If they had some little intelligence. e O The Republican Blander. Brooklyn. Eagle, Anti-Bryan Dem. The Republican party is weaker than it was, and the Democratic party is stronger than it was, for .Presidential fighting pur poses, because of meditated injustice to Puerto Rico. Democracy Is gaining by the demand of free trado between all the ju risdictions of the United States, whether states or territories. Republicanism is los ing because of Its failure to recognize that protection, to be at all justified, must ap ply In favor of the United States only against foreign jurisdictions. If Republic anism now loads Itself up with injustice to Puerto Rico and with servitude to the sugar trust and to the tobacco trust, the blunder center will shift in American pol- Itlcs. TRIBDTES TO FALLEN HEROES. The Bivouac of the Dead. Theodore O'Hara. (Wrlten on the occasion of removing to their native lands the remains of Ken tucklans who'fell In the battle of Buena Vista.) The muffled drum's sad roll has beat The soldier's last tattoo: No more on life's parade shall meet That brave and fallen few. On Fame's eternal camping-ground Their silent tents are spread. And glory guards, with solemn round. The bivouac of the dead. No rumor of the foe's advance Now swells upon the wind: . No troubled thought at midnight haunt3 Of loved ones left behind; No vision of the morrow's strife The warrior's dream alarms; No braying horn or screaming fifo At dawn shall call to arms. Their shivered swords are red with rust; Their plumed heads are bowed: Their haughty banner trailed in dust. Is now their martial shroud; And plenteous funeral-rears have washed The red stains from their brow; And the proud forms, by battle gashed, Are free from anguish now. t The neighing troop, the flashing blade, The bugle's stirring blast. The charge, the dreadful cannonade, Tho riln and shout, are TJRSt. Not war's wild note, nor glory's peal. Shall thrill with fierce delight. Those breasts that never more may feel Tho rapture of the fight. Liko the fierce northern hurricano That sweeps his great plateau. Flushed with triumph yet to gam. Comes down the serried foe. Who heard the thunder of the fray Break o'er the field beneath. Knew well the watchword of that day Was "Victory or death!" Full many a mother's breath has swept O'er Angostura's plain, And long the pitying sky has wept Above Its mouldered slain. The raven's scream, or eagle's flight. Or shepherd's pensive lay. Alone now wakes each solemn height That frowned o'er that dread fray. Sons of the Dark and Bloody Ground, "" Te must not slumber there, Where stranger-steps and tongues resound Along the heedless air! Your own proud land's heroic soil Shall be your fitter grave; She claims from "War its richest spoil The ashes of her brave. Thus, 'neath their parent turf they rest, Far from the gory field. Borne to a Spartan mother's breast On many a bloody shield. The sunshine of their native sky Smiles sadly on them here, And kindred eyes and hearts watch by t rne neroes sepuicner. Rest on, embalmed and sainted dead Dear as the blood ye gave. No impious footstep here shall tread ' The herbage of vour crave: Nor shall your glory be forgot While Fame her record keeps, Or Honor points the hallowed spot Where valor proudly sleeps. Ton marble minstrel's voiceless stone In deathless song shall tell, When many a vanished year hath flown, The story how ye fell. Nor wreck nor change, nor winter's blight, Nor Time's remorseless doom, Can dim one ray of holy light, That gilds your glorious tomb. Hotv Sleep the Brave. How sleep the brave, who seek to rest By all their country's wishes blest? When spring with dewy fingers cold. Returns to deck their hallowed mold, She there shall dress a sweeter sod That Fancy's feet have ever trod. By fairy hands their knell Is rung, By forms unseen their dtrce is sung. There Honor comes a Pilgrim gray To bles3 the turf that wraps their clay; And Freedom shall awhile repair To dwell a weeping hermit there. William Collins. Coronach. He is gone from our mountain. He Is lost to our forest. Like a summer-dried fountain, When our need was the sorest, Firm foot on the correl. Brave counsel In cumber. Stout hand in the foray, How sound is your slumber: The hands of the reapers take ears that are hoary. But the voice of our weepers wails man- nooa in glory. Walter Scott. The Greeks at Thermopylae. They fell, devoted but undying; The very gale their names seemed sighing; The waters murmured of their name. The woods were peopled with their fame; The silent pillar, lone and gray, Claimed kindred with their sacred clay. Their spirits wrapped the dusky mountain, Their memory sparkled o'er the fountahl; Tho meanest rill, the mightiest river, Roll mingled with their fame forever. Lord Byron. Sacred in Death. But youth's fair form, though fallen Is ever fair. And beautiful in death the boy appears; The hero boy that dies In blooming years In man's regret he lives and woman's tears. More sacred than in life and lovelier far. For having perished In "the ranks of war. From the Greek of Tyrtaeus, 560 B. C. After the War. New York Tribune. For ono thing. Great Britain will have "found herself." She has long needed so to do. For many a year she has permitted herself to "wink ... in slothful over trust" and let her "cannons molder on the seaward wall." This war has roused her to tho need of military reorganization and re-equipment, and has at the same time revealed to her her potency in that direc tion, if she but will. We may be sure that now she will. And this, too, other powers will realize. Great Britain will no longer be lightly held a negligible quantity In wars by land. She has long ranked as the foremost naval power. Henceforth she will rank among the great army powers as well. The na tion that can send more than 200,000 men to a war 7000 miles over sea, without con scription and without perceptible draft upon her populous resources, and they men who in a strange land and trying climate excite the wonder and admiration of even their foes by their valor and en durance tho nation that can do that Is an Important military power, on land as well as sea. That fact the Continental powers will henceforth recognize, and there will be less talk of "sacking the modern Carthage." Sensible Senator "Proctor. Chicago Times-Herald. While other Senators have been looking through the wrong end of their spyglasses, watching for the Puerto Rico storm to blow over, Senator Proctor, of Vermont, has been making a personal survey of his state. "I have taken the trouble to as certain the views of the Republican news papers of Vermont," says he, "and without one exception they were for free trade with Puerto Rico. Public sentiment in my state is all ono way." Therefore, Sen ator Proctor will vote against tho Puerto Rico tariff bill. What Is true of Vermont is truo of every Republican state In the Union. It Is es pecially true of Illinois, where Senator Cul lom would have to rake Republican dis tricts with a fine-tooth comb to find any one to Justify his purpose to stultify his convictions In order to preserve a party harmony which Puerto Rican tariff threatens. Senator Cullom should listen to the warnings of Illinois and vote as his con science dictates. It Is tho only consistent and safe course. Esthetic Policemen. Indianapolis News. In Berlin the police authorities control many little things about which the police of American cities would not concern themselves onco in 1000 years. Three courts decided recently that if tho Berlin police Judged any particular color scheme of a house to be improper or too gaudy, or in bad taste otherwise, they could order the painter to chango it. MASTERPIECES OF LITERATURE-V. The Proverbs of Benjamin Franklin " From "Poor Richard's Almanac." Make haste slowly. '. rHasto makes waste. ' -it Forewarn'd, forearm'd. ., No gains without pains. Ught purse, heavy heart. Great talkers, little doers. Every llttlo makes a mickle. Lying rides upon debt's back. Little strokes foil great oaks. Generous minds are all of kin. Ho that drinks fast, prays slow. To err is human, to repent divine. You may delay, but timo will not, God gives all things to industry. Success has ruined many a man. Three removes aro as bad as a fire. A good example is the best sermon. Diligence is the mother of good luck. God helps them that help themselves. Be always ashamed to catch thyself Idle. Drive thy business, or It will drive thee. Great modesty often hides great merit. Never entreat a servant to dwell with thee. If you'd be beloved, mako yourself ami- v able. Write Injuries In dust, benefits in mar ble. Tho golden ago never was the present age. F00I3 make feasts and wise men eat them. Industry paya debts, despair Increases them. Ho who multiplies riches multiplies cares. A quarrelsome man has no good neigh bora. What Is serving God? 'Tls doing good to man. E're fancy you consult, consult your purse. Love your enemies, for they tell you your faults. He that won't be counsell'd can't bo help'd. 'Tis hard for an empty bag io stand upright. Approve not of him who commends an you say. Creditors have better memories than debtors. Without God without aught, God and enough. When the well's dry, we know the worth of water. The second vlco Is lying; the first is run ning In debt. Better Is a little with content than much with contention. What maintains one vice would bring up two children. He that has a trado has an office of profit and honor. If you'd lose a troublesome visitor lend him some money. By diligence and patience the mouse bit In two the cable. Having been poor is no shame, but being ashamed of it is. Many have quarrel'd about religion that never practiced it. Necessity has no law; I know some at torneys of the same. Industry, perseverance and frugality, make fortune yield. Tho eye of a master will do more work than both his hands. Friendship Increases by visiting friends, but by visiting seldom. Rather go to bed supperless than run in debt for a breakfast. Beware of little expenses;. a small'leak' will sink a great ship. When befriended, remember It; when you befriend, forget it. All things are easy to Industry; all things difficult to sloth. There Is no man so bad but ho se cretly respects the good. A ploughman on his legs is higher than a gentleman on his knees. At tho working man's house hunger j looks in but dares not enter. Experience keops a dear school, yet fools will learn in no other. Don't throw stones at your neighbors if your own windows aro glass. Tho poor have little, beggars none; tho rich too much, enough, not one. They who have nothing to be troubled at, will be troubled at nothing. Early to bed. early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise. Keep thou from tho opportunity, and God will, keep thee from tho sin. For ago and want savo while you may; no morning sun lasts a whole day. Great estates 'may venture more, but little boats should keep near shore. If you would have a faithful servant, and one that you like, serve yourself. Let thy child's first lesson be obedience, and tho second will be what thou wilt. Plough deep while sluggards sleep; and you shall have corn to sell and to keep. He that would have a short Lent, let him borrow money to be paid at Easter. If you would reap praise you must sow tho seeds, gentle words and useful deeds. If you know how to spend less than you get, you have tho philosopher's stone. Buy what thou hast no need of and ere long thou shalt sell thy necessaries. I never saw an oft-trar-3jlanteJ tree, Xor rot an oft-removed family. Throve so well as those that settled be. Always taking out of the meal-tub and never putting In, soon comes to the bot tom. Ho that rlseth late, must trot all day, and shall scarce overtake his business at night. Dost thou love life? Then do not squander time; for that's the stuff llfo Is mado of. None but tho well-red man knows how to confess a fault, or acknowledge him self In an error. 'Tls as true folly for tho poor to ape tho rich as for the frog to swell, in order to equal the ox. Bo at war with your vices, at peace with your neighbors, and let every New Year find you a better man. If you would know the value of money go and try to borrow some: for ho that goes a-borrowing goes a-sorrowng. For want of a nail, the shoe was lost; for want of a shoe tho horse was lost; and for want of a horse the rider was lost. If you'd be wealthy, think of saving, more than of getting; the Indies have not made Spain rich, because her outgoes equal her incomes. The wit of conversation consists mora in finding It in others than showing a great deal yourself. He who goes out of your company pleased with his own facetious neas and ingenuity, will the sooner como into It again. Most men had rather please than admire you, and seek less to be In structed and diverted, than approved and applauded, and it Is certainly the most delicate sort of pleasure, to please another. H B Analysis of Emotion. Detroit Free Press. "Did you feel very keenly your broken engagement, Clementine?" "Yes: but I don't think my heart was In volved; my grief resulted from the wrencl caused ib7 changing my mind." 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